專題二代詞考點一人稱代詞與物主代詞考點突破考點二反身代詞、指示代詞、替代詞及it考點三不定代詞考點一人稱代詞與物主代詞考點突破人稱代詞及物主代詞的構成及用法人稱代詞不僅指人,也可指物,有人稱、數和格的變化。物主代詞是人稱代詞的

屬格形式,表示“所有”關系,有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。數人稱詞義類型單數

復數

一二三一二三

我你她/他/它我們你們他們/她們/它們主格Iyoushe;he;itweyouthey賓格meyouher;him;itusyouthem一、人稱代詞二、物主代詞注意:1.幾個人稱代詞并列充當主語時,它們的順序是:單數:“二、三、一”即you,he/sheandI復數:“一、二、三”即we,youandthey數人稱詞義類

型單數

復數

一二三

一二三

我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他/她/它們的形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshishers/oursyourstheirs2.形容詞性物主代詞通常放在名詞前作定語。如:mypenpal我的筆友hername她的名字3.名詞性物主代詞常用來避免前面已經提及的名詞,相當于“形容詞性物主代

詞+名詞”。常和of連用作定語。如:Thisbookismine.Yours(Yourbook)isonyourdesk.這本書是我的。你的(書)在你的桌子上。Judyisafriendofmine.Judy是我的一個朋友。考點二反身代詞、指示代詞、替代詞及it一、反身代詞反身代詞是表示“我(們)自己”、“你(們)自己”、“他/她/它(們)自己”的代詞。注意:反身代詞和其他詞連用,構成固定詞組。如:enjoyoneself過得愉快;玩得高興byoneself獨自反身代詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself復數ourselvesyourselvesthemselveshelponeselfto...隨便吃/用……dressoneself某人自己穿衣服cometooneself蘇醒hurtoneself受傷teachoneself/learnbyoneself自學單數thisthat復數thesethose二、指示代詞注意:1.this/these指代下文要提到的事,that/those指上文提到過的事。如:Pleaserememberthis:Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.請記住:有志者,事竟

成。Hewasbusy.Thatwaswhyhedidn'tgooutforawalkwithus.他很忙。那就是他沒有和我們一起去散步的原因。2.打電話時用this指代自己,用that指代對方。如:ThisisNancyspeaking.Who'sthat?我是Nancy,你是誰?三、it,one/ones,that/those作替代詞時的區別1.it特指上文提到的同一對象,是同一事物。如:Ihaveanewschoolbag.It'sverynice.我有一個新書包。它很漂亮。2.one泛指上文提及的同類事物中的一個(表示幾個時用ones),同類而不同物。

如:—Whohasadictionary?誰有詞典?—Ihaveone.我有一本。3.that常用于比較結構中,代替前面提到的可數名詞單數或不可數名詞,以避免

重復;若前面提到的可數名詞為復數,則用those代替。如:TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.冬天北京的天氣

比廣州的天氣冷。四、it的特殊用法:1.it作形式主語,常用于以下句型:It'+adj.(+for/ofsb.)+todosth.(對某人來說)做某事是……的。It's+adj.+that從句某事是……的。2.it作形式賓語。如:Ifinditboringathome.我發現在家里很無聊。考點三不定代詞一、普通的不定代詞不定代詞是不明確代指某個人、某個事物、某些人、某些事物的代詞,它們起

名詞或形容詞的作用。常考的易混不定代詞有很多,常見的有如下幾組:many修飾可數名詞,表示“許多;大量”much修飾不可數名詞,表示“許多;大量”alotof/lotsof既可以修飾可數名詞,也可以修飾不可數名詞some既可以修飾可數名詞,也可以修飾不可數名詞;多用在肯定句中;還可以用在表示邀請、請求或期待得到肯定回答的疑問句中any既可以修飾可數名詞,也可以修飾不可數名詞;any多用在否定句、疑問句和條件狀語從句中few修飾可數名詞,表否定意義,意為“不多,很少”afew修飾可數名詞,表肯定意義,意為“幾個;有些”little修飾不可數名詞,表否定意義,意為“幾乎沒有”alittle修飾不可數名詞,表肯定意義,意為“少量;一些”1.表示數量的詞或短語注意:some,any,few,little,both,neither等既可作代詞,也可作限定詞修飾名

詞。如:—Youmustbethirsty.CanIgetyousometea?你一定渴了。我給你倒點茶水吧?—Justalittleplease.請給我一點點。2.either,neither,both,all,noneeither表示“兩者中的任何一個”,可以和or搭配neither表示“兩者都不”,可以和nor搭配both表示“兩者都”,可以和and搭配all表示“都”,適用于三者或三者以上的人或物none表示“都不”,適用于三者或三者以上的人或物3.every(作限定詞),each側重點each強調個體;every強調整體。兩者都和可數名詞的單數搭配。each和“every+名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數形式適用范圍each適用于兩個或兩個以上的人或物;every適用于三個或三個以上的人或物不定代詞意義用法說明other另外的只作定語,常與復數名詞連用;但如果前面有the,this,that,some,any,each,every,no,one,my,your,his等時,則可與單數名詞連用theother兩者中的另一個常與one連用,構成“one...theother...”;作定語修飾復數名詞時,表示“其余的全部”others另一些泛指別的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定語,構成“some...others...”theothers其余的特指其余的人或物another另一個指三者或三者以上中的任何一個,用作限定詞或代詞4.other,theother,others,theothers,another二、復合不定代詞1.初中階段常用復合不定代詞列表如下:2.在反意疑問句中,當陳述部分的主語是指人的復合不定代詞,如everybody,no-

body,anyone等時,反意疑問部分的主語通常用代詞they;當陳述部分的主語是指

物的復合不定代詞,如everything,anything,something,nothing等時,反意疑問部分somebody(某人)anybody(隨便哪個人/任何人)nobody(沒有人)everybody(每人)someone(某人)anyone(隨便哪個人/任何人)noone(沒有人)everyone(每人)something(某事)anything(隨便什么事/任何事)nothing(沒有東西)everything(每一件事)的主語通常用代詞it。如:Everybodyishere,aren'tthey?大家都在這里,不是嗎?Everythingisready,isn'tit?所有東西都準備好了,不是嗎?3.當形容詞或else修飾復合不定代詞something,everything,everyone等時,形容

詞或else常放在這些詞的后面。如:Hehassomethingimportanttotellyou.他有一些重要的事情要告訴你。Canyoufindanyoneelse?你能找到其他人嗎?4.everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;everyone既可指人也可指物,還可

以和of連用。如:I'dlikeeveryonetobehappy.我希望人人都幸福。Ihavekepteveryoneofherletters.我已經把她的每一封信都保存了下來。考點四疑問代詞代詞意義基本用法例句who誰在句中作主語或賓語Whoisthatgirl?那個女孩是誰?whom誰在句中作賓語Withwhomdidyougoswimming?你和誰去游泳的?whose誰的對物主代詞進行提問Whosepenisthis?這是誰的鋼筆?what什么對具體內容進行提問Whatdoyouknowaboutit?關于它,你了解些什么?which哪個對指定范圍內的“哪個”進行提問Whichmoviedoyoulikebest?你最喜歡哪部電影?一、單句填空1.(2019河南)Whentimesaredifficult,tell

yourself

(you)thatpainispartof

growing.2.(2019北京)Mr.Wangiscomingtoourschool.Ican'twaittosee

him

(he).3.(2019江蘇南京)LastmonththestudentsinChangjiangRoadPrimarySchoolheld

the“TenYearsofGrowthCeremony”tocelebrate

their

(they)10thbirthday

together.4.(2019重慶)Theirplantsdon'tgrowverywell,but

ours

(we)lookreallygood.中考題組5.(2019山西)—Newkindsofmorningexerciseslikedancingarebecomingpopu-

lar.—

They

(them)canhelpuskeepfitandhavefun.6.(2019湖北武漢)—Thisroomistoosmall.I'dliketoaskfor

another

.—Sure.Wehaveroomsavailablehere.7.(2019廣東)NobodytaughttheoldladyhowtouseWeChat.Shelearneditallby

herself

(she).8.(2019福建)Almost

everyone

inourgrouphasbeentothe2ndDigitalChina

Summit.It'sfantastic.9.(2019安徽)Couldyoustayalittlelonger?Ihave

something

moretotellyou

abouttheplanfortomorrow.10.(2019黑龍江哈爾濱)Learningisalifelongjourneybecausewecanlearn

something

neweveryday.11.(2019江蘇蘇州)—Hello,areyouMr.Morrison?—Yes.That's

me

(I).12.(2019河北)—Myrulerisbroken.CanIborrow

yours

(you)?—Ofcourse.Hereitis.13.(2019四川成都)—UncleLee,mayIuseyourbike?—Sorry,mineisbroken.Youcanaskyourauntfor

hers

(she).14.(2019湖南長沙)—Sosorry,ItookyourschoolT-shirtbymistake.Butwhereis

mine

(I)?—Don'tworry.Letmehelpyoufindit.15.(2019廣西南寧)Look!Thewomanoverthereisourteacher.Sheteaches

us

(we)English.16.(2019內蒙古呼和浩特)—MayIhelpyouwithsomejeans,sir?—Yes,I'dliketotryonthoseblue

ones

.17.(2019浙江溫州)Samfindssweepingrobotsuseful,andheplanstobuy

one

forhisgrandma.18.(2018河南)Asachild,Iwouldsitforhoursbytheriverdoing

nothing

—

simplydaydreaming.19.(2018北京)MybrotherandIlikefootball.

We

(us)playittogetheroncea

week.20.(2018天津)—Sheistoobusytohelpusfinishthework.—Let'sdoit

ourselves

(we).21.(2018上海)Myfatherisagooddoctor.

He

(him)workshardtohelphispa-

tients.22.(2018廣東)BoxingDay,the26thofDecember,got

its

(it)namefromatime

whenmanyrichfamiliesgaveboxesofgiftstopoorpeoplewhohadtoworkat

Christmas.23.(2018湖北武漢)—Doyouknowwherethelasttwopictureswent?—Amillionairebought

both

ofthem.Hethoughttheywereworth.24.(2018福建)—Itriedmanywaystosolvetheproblem,but

none

ofthem

worked.—Nevergiveup.You'llsurelymakeit.25.(2018吉林)—Whichclubdoyouwanttojoin,thechessclubortheswimmingclub?—

Neither

.Iwanttojointhebasketballclub.26.(2017河南)HisnameisJames,butheusuallycalls

himself

(he)Jim.二、語篇填空(2020河南中考預測)閱讀短文,從方框中選擇適當的詞并用其正確形式填空,使短文通順、意思完

整。每空限填一詞,每詞限用一次。theydangerouswhentellmovebravefacesaylikelargeOneday,twomenwentalongalonelyroadandtalkedofwhattheywoulddoifa

bearorwolvesattacked(進攻)1

.“Don'tfear,”2

thelargerone,“Ican

protectyouandme,too,sotherewillbeno3

.Thereisnothingintheforestfor

anymantofear,exceptahungrybear,andI'dliketomeetthebearthatcouldbea

matchforme.”Justatthattime,ahugebearappearedontheroadand4

towardsthetwomen.Thetwomenranforatree.Theonewhospokeso5

reacheditfirstandclimbed

tosafety.Thesmallerman,beingleftto6

thebearalone,threwhimselfonthe

groundandlayasifhewasdead.7

thebearcameup,hesmeltthemanonthegroundandwentaway.Thenthe8

mancamedownfromthetreeandsaid,

“Whatdidthebearsayinyourear?Youseemed9

oldfriends.”“Oh,”theotheranswered,“He10

menevertotrustapersonwhotalksbig.”1.

them

2.

said

3.

danger

4.

moved

5.

bravely

6.

face

7.

When

8.

larger

9.

like

10.

told

一、單句填空1.(2019河南新鄉一模)OldMr.Blackliveshappilywithhisthreedogs.

All

of

themarepartofhisfamily.2.(2019河南洛陽一模)Ifyouwanttoseemeortalktomeor

anything

,just

stopin.3.(2019河南安陽一模)Wecan'tleaveIrisby

herself

(she).Sheisafraidofher

ownshadow.4.(2019河南焦作一模)—Thebook12

Rules

for

Lifeisveryinteresting!模擬題組—Yes.Oneoftherulesis“Compareyourselftowhoyouwereyesterday,notto

who

someone

elseistoday.”5.(2019河南許昌一模)Mr.Strangenamedhispetdog“Cat”.Hewantedtoknow

ifCatdoubted

itself

(it)whenitwascalled.6.(2019河南中原名校中考第一次大聯考)Lilysingsverywell.Infact,Idon't

think

anyone

cansingbetterinmyclass.7.(2019河南中原名校中考第二次大聯考)—Whichofthetwoscarveswouldyou

like?—

Neither

.Idon'tliketheirstyles.8.(2019河南百校聯盟大聯考)—Doyouhaveanyinterestingnewstotellustoday,

Rose?—No,

nothing

much.9.(2019河南鄭州二模)—IhavetogotoWandaPlazatobuyanewfootball.—Whynotbook

one

onyourmobile?You'llgetitinanhour.10.(2019河南省實驗中學二模)Shelostherselfindoingherhomeworksothatshe

didn'thear

somebody

knockingatthedooratall.11.(2018河南開封一模)—Mum,I'lltakeexamsafterMayDay.I'mabitstressed.—Believein

yourself

(you).Ithinkyouwillmakeit.12.(2018河南許昌一模)Wedon'thaveenoughbooksfor

everybody

;some

peoplewillhavetoshare.13.(2018河南商丘一模)—Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.—Why

me

(I)?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.14.(2018河南洛陽二模)—AlatestLuoyang

Daily,please.—Onlyonecopyleft.Wouldyouliketohave

it

,sir?15.(2018河南鄭州一模)—Haveyougotallyourtextbooks?—Don'tworry,Mom.

None

isleft.Theyareallinmyschoolbag.16.(2018河南商丘二模