（1）閱讀理解—2025高考英語一輪復習易混易錯專項復習一、細節理解題細節理解題通常針對文章中敘述的人物、事物、現象或理論等進行提問，題目難度不大，題干中一般會出現表述較為具體的關鍵詞，考生在審題后可快速鎖定關鍵詞并在文章中尋找相應的細節描述。有時候，雖然題干中提供了關鍵詞，但通過題目的提問方式我們會發現，簡單地回文搜索關鍵詞已不能滿足做題需求。這時，通過審題來幫助我們提前決定解題方式就很有必要了。1.直接細節題此類試題是對原文直接信息的考查，考生理解字面意思答題。在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who，what，when，where，why和how等提問。此類試題選項多采用原文中的信息直接進行考查，不需要考生進行推斷。做題時，考生可以在文章中找到與答案有關的直接信息。此類試題一般不會涉及全文的主旨，考生只要把選項內容與原文內容認真對比即可確定答案。廣告、公告、演出信息、航班時間表等類別的文章，常涉及直接細節題。2.間接細節題需要將題目信息與原文相關信息進行語義上的轉換，兩者存在表達上的差異，有時需要進行加工或整理才能得出答案此類試題介于事實細節題和推理判斷題之間。四個選項不出現原文中的直接信息，考生需借助同義轉換、概念解析、歸納事實等方法對原文信息進行變換，然后再進行進一步的推理或鑒別。二、推理判斷題推理判斷題是歷年高考英語的命題集中點，包括判斷和推理兩個方面，屬于深層理解題，一般難度較高，得分率較低，其比例占30%~40%。從歷年的高考閱讀理解題來看，推理判斷題一般可以歸納為五大題型：細節推斷題、文章的來源或讀者對象推斷題、寫作意圖題、觀點態度題和篇章結構題。預計高考閱讀理解題中的推理判斷題仍將是考查的重點，應引起考生的重視。1.細節推斷題細節推斷題考查的內容雖屬于原文的細節，但要求考生在原文基礎上對文章信息進行分析、理解、推斷，立足于已知推斷未知。解題原則是“忠于原文，只推一步”。考生解答細節推斷題時，首先要定位信息，通過尋讀，找到相關信息點；然后進行字面理解，弄懂相關信息點的字面意思；再進行信息整合，由因推果，由果推因；由一般推特殊，由特殊推一般；由具體推抽象，由抽象推具體。然后做出符邏輯的推斷，從而理解作者的言外之意。細節推斷題的答案不能在文章中直接找到，但是考生可在文章中尋找并確定推斷的依據，推斷出隱藏的深層含義，要做到判斷有據、推斷有理。2.觀點態度推斷題文章中作者對某人或某事的觀點態度、文章中涉及的人或組織機構的觀點態度是常考內容。在記敘文中，作者往往不直接提出觀點，考生在閱讀文章時要細心捕捉表達或暗示情感態度的詞或短語，從而推斷出作者或文中人物的言外之意。3.意圖目的推斷題意圖目的推理判斷題要求考生根據文章的論述，揣測作者的寫作意圖及運用某種寫作手法的目的。作者一般不直接陳述自己的意圖，而是通過文章陳述的事實，使讀者信服某種想法或觀點。這種題型不但要求考生能理解文章的大意，同時要具備對作者闡述問題的方法進行歸納總結和分析的能力。當然，有時候也會考查考生推斷開展某項活動的目的意圖，要通過對事件的起因和事件發起人的愿望推斷出目的和意圖來。4.文章出處或讀者對象推斷題推斷文章出處和讀者對象的題目，首先要從文章的體裁和內容著手，弄清文章的中心話題，然后根據話題，確定文章來源和讀者對象。如：新聞、廣告應出現在報紙、網絡上；科普類文章應出現在科學雜志上或報紙的科學版塊上；對子女的教育話題的讀者對象應該是父母。5.下文內容或事件發展結果推斷題此類題目要求考生根據語篇對事件可能的結局和下段可能涉及的內容進行預測。解這類題目時，考生應把握作者的寫作思路和文章的篇章結構，根據文章最后一段的描述做出合情合理的預測。三、主旨大意題主旨大意題主要考查考生對全文的內容或某一段的內容加以合理地歸納，目的是檢查對短文整體或某一段落的理解概括能力。該類題目是高考中的難點之一，也是區分度較大的題目。主要考查：選擇最佳標題；概括文章的中心思想；理解段落大意等。此類題正確選項的特點：通常不含細節信息和表示絕對意義的詞；能概括文章（或段落）的全部內容。干擾項的特點：以偏概全；選項過于籠統；選項內容是命題者杜撰的；選項與主題無關。因為考生需要讀完全文才能把握文章主題，所以在解答此類題時，考生不要急于去找答案，不論它出現在什么位置都永遠把主旨大意題作為最后一道題來做。在做完另外幾道題后，無疑會有助于考生加深對整篇文章的理解。四、詞義猜測題1.依據定義推測詞義在許多情況下，文章的作者估計某個詞一般讀者不熟悉，則會在文章中給出該詞的定義或解釋。這種解釋可能是一種重復說明或定義。通過閱讀定義和解釋部分，讀者便可理解該詞的基本含義。線索詞有that，which，is等。2.依據同位語推測詞義通常引出該詞同位語的詞或短語有or，thatis，inotherwords等，還有的同位語以括號或破折號的形式出現。在這些標記詞后考生可較易找到同畫線詞意義相同或相近的詞。3.依據文章中的舉例推測詞義在閱讀理解中，考生可以根據文章所舉的例子，從具體到一般，推斷出該生詞的意思。4.依據對比關系或比較關系的詞語推測詞義當作者強調的事物之間有區別或對立時，往往會運用對比的手法，即運用有對比關系的詞語，例如反義詞，也可以暗示出生詞的含義。能體現對比關系或比較關系的詞匯很多，主要有but，yet，however，while，unlike，instead，like，similarly，onthecontrary，Incontrastto等。標點符號中的分號也可表示對比。5.依據構詞法推測詞義分析復合詞：如果一個生詞是由兩個或兩個以上的單詞構成的復合詞，可以從該詞的各個部分的特定意思及聯系上下文推測出該詞的意思。考生同時要了解構詞法知識。6.依據上下文語境，通過對應結構或平行結構中的同義詞、反義詞推測詞義7.依據因果關系推測詞義因果關系是一種常見的、行之有效的提供生詞詞義信息的邏輯關系。一定的原因會導致一定的結果，某一結果總是由某種或某些原因引起的。作者在敘述原因的過程中就必然會把詞或句子置于因果關系中。常見的表示因果關系的詞匯有since，as，because，for，so，thus，consequently，therefore，hence，dueto，resultin，resultfrom，asaresult，forthisreason，accordingly，sothat，so...that，such…that等。8.利用上下文來推測詞義

Family-FriendlyEventsinJanuaryZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19ThePhoenixZoo'syearlyholidaylightshowisonuntilJan.19,allowingfamiliesoneormoreopportunitiestoenjoythecity'szoo,withmillionsoflightsgivinganaddeddimensiontothefestivities.GlowWild,455N.GalvinPkwy.,Phoenix,,$11.95members,$13.95generaladmission.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18TheDowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsfeaturestheworkofestablishedandemergingartists,includingthosewhocreatewoodwork,metalcrafts,fooditems,art,photographyandgifts.OnMacdonald,offofMainStreetinDowntownMesa,,freeadmission.FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.Thisfreeeventfeatureseverythingfrombouncehousestorides,games,snowflakecraftsandfacepaintingtogowithvariousstandssetupbylocalsellers,withfoodandotherofferingsforsaleattheevent.9500E.ViadeVentura,Scottsdale,,free.YouthFineArtsCourseJan.18-Mar.7MesaArtsCenterishostinganeight-weekyouthartscourseonSaturdaystoteachartisticskillsandknowledgethroughfunandchallengingartclassesinawidevarietyofartmaterials,includingpainting,drawing,mixedmediaandsculpture,ensuringmentallystimulatingsessionsforall.MesaArtCenter,1E.MainSt.,Mesa,,$93.1.HowcanyougetadiscountedtickettotheZooLightsshow?A.Bringafriend. B.Getamembership.C.Joinatourgroup. D.Bookaticketonline.2.WhatcanyoudoatFamilyFunWinterfest?A.Havefreefood. B.Enjoyrealsnow.C.Takeartclasses. D.Meetlocalartists.3.Whicheventlaststhelongest?A.ZooLights:GlowWild. B.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArts.C.FamilyFunWinterfest. D.YouthFineArtsCourses.WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina."Ecologicaldesign"isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes."LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,"hesays."Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat'shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair."4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.6.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.C.TocompareJohn'sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention.7.WhatisthebasisforJohn'swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.ABritishwomanwhowona$1millionprizeaftershewasnamedtheWorld'sBestTeacherwillusethecashtobringinspirationalfiguresintoUKschools.AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution(變革)."Wearegoingtomakeachange,"shesaid."I'vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools."Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshaveingettingartistsofanysort—whetheranupandcominglocalmusicianoramajormoviestarintoschoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.ZafirakoubegantheprojectatAlpertonCommunitySchool,herplaceofworkforthepasttwelveyears."I'veseenthosemagicmomentswhenchildrenaretalkingtosomeonetheyareinspiredby—theireyesareshiningandtheirfaceslightup,"shesaid."Weneedartistsmorethaneverinourschools."ArtistMichaelCraig-Martinsaid:"Andria'sbrilliantprojecttobringartistsfromallfieldsintodirectcontactwithchildrenisparticularlywelcomeatatimewhentheartsarebeingdowngradedinschools."Itwasamistaketoseetheartsasunnecessary,headded.HistorianSirSimonSchamaisalsoasupporteroftheproject.Hesaidthatartseducationinschoolswasnotjustanadd-on."Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.Whatwillremainofuswhenartificialintelligencetakesoverwillbeourcreativity,anditisourcreativespirit,ourvisionarysenseoffreshness,thathasbeenourstrengthforcenturies."8.WhatwillZafirakoudowithherprizemoney?A.Makeamovie. B.Buildnewschools.C.Runaproject. D.Helplocalmusicians.9.WhatdoesCraig-MartinthinkoftheteachingoftheartsinUKschools?A.Itisparticularlydifficult. B.Itincreasesartists'income.C.Itopenschildren'smind. D.Itdeservesgreaterattention.10.WhatshouldbestressedinschooleducationaccordingtoSchama?A.Moralprinciples. B.Interpersonalskills.C.Creativeabilities. D.Positiveworldviews.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BringArtiststoSchools B.WhenHistoriansMeetArtistsC.ArtsEducationinBritain D.TheWorld'sBestArtsTeacherLivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(風景)canbequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation.AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.IoftenleaveearlytoseektherightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil'sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路線)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.12.HowdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?A.Byteamingupwithotherphotographers.B.Byshootinginthecountrysideorstateparks.C.Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions.D.Bycreatingsettingsinthecornfields.13.Whatisthekeytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?A.Propertimemanagement. B.Goodshootingtechniques.C.Adventurousspirit. D.Distinctivestyles.14.Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor'stripwithfriendstoDevil'sLake?A.Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.B.Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.C.Theyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.D.Theyhadproblemswiththeirequipment.15.HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDevil'sLake?A.Amusing. B.Satisfying. C.Encouraging. D.Comforting.You'veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled"Strawpocalypse",apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(來源)ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat'spartofVonWong'sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(說明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload'sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled"TruckloadofPlastic",VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped(傾倒)fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.16.WhatareVonWong'sartworksintendedfor?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.17.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.B.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.18.Whateffectwould"TruckloadofPlastic"haveonviewersinparagraph4?A.Calming. B.Shocking C.Refreshing D.Challenging.19.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Artists'opinionsonPlasticsafety.B.MediaInterestincontemporaryart.C.Responsibilitydemandedofbigcompanies.D.Oceanplasticstransformedintosculptures.Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性別)are"really,reallysmart."Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare"really,reallysmart."Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith"intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld."20.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A.They'reunfair. B.They'reconservative.C.They'reobjective. D.They'restrict.21.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs22.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?A.Improvedglobalcommunication. B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.C.Acceptanceofvictors'concepts. D.Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.23.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GeniusesThinkAlike B.GeniusTakesManyFormsC.GeniusandIntelligence D.GeniusandLuck

Rainforestsarehometoarichvarietyofmedicinalplants,food,birdsandanimals.Canyoubelievethatasinglebush(灌木叢)intheAmazonmayhavemorespeciesofantsthanthewholeofBritain!About480varietiesoftreesmaybefoundinjustonehectareofrainforest.

Rainforestsarethelungsoftheplanet-storingvastquantitiesofcarbondioxideandproducingasignificantamountoftheworld'soxygen.Rainforestshavetheirownperfectsystemforensuringtheirownsurvival;thetalltreesmakeacanopy(樹冠層)ofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,intensedryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.

Amazingly,thetreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisistheplants'waytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleaf-eatinginsectslikecaterpillars.Tosurviveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jumporflyacrossthegaps.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotalltangledleavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactuallyfairlyclear.Itiswheredeadleavesturnintofoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.

Theyarenotcalledrainforestsfornothing!Rainforestscangenerate75%oftheirownrain.Atleast80inchesofrainayearisnormal-andinsomeareastheremaybeasmuchas430inchesofrainannually.Thisisrealrain—yourumbrellamayprotectyouinashower,butitwon'tkeepyoudryifthereisafullrainstorm.Injusttwohours,streamscanrisetentotwentyfeet.Thehumidity(濕氣)oflargerainforestscontributestotheformationofraincloudsthatmaytraveltoothercountriesinneedofrain.24.Whatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromthefirstparagraph?A.Theyproduceoxygen. B.Theycoveravastarea.C.Theyarewellmanaged. D.Theyarerichinwildlife.25.Whichofthefollowingcontributesmosttothesurvivalofrainforests?A.Heavyrains B.Bigtrees. C.Smallplants. D.Forestanimals.26.Whydotheleavesandbranchesofdifferenttreesavoidtouchingeachother?A.Formoresunlight. B.Formoregrowingspace.C.Forself-protection. D.Forthedetectionofinsects.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Life-GivingRainforests B.TheLawoftheJungleC.AnimalsintheAmazon D.WeatherinRainforestsU.S.teensspendmorethaneighthoursadayonscreen,andthere'sgrowingconcernoverhowsocialmediamayaffecttheirmentalhealth.Now,anewstudyhasfoundthatlimitingscreentimetoaboutonehouradayhelpedanxiousteensfeelbetterabouttheirbodyimageandtheirappearance.ThestudyarosefromthepersonalexperienceofHelenThai,adoctoralstudentinpsychologyatMcGillUniversity."WhatInoticedwhenIwasengaginginsocialmediawasthatIcouldn'thelpbutcomparemyself,"Thaisays.Shewaswellawarethatsocialmediapostsoftenfeaturepolished,airbrushedorfilteredimagesthatcanalterappearancesinanunrealisticway,butitstillaffectedhernegatively.So,ThaiandateamofresearchersdecidedtotestwhethercuttingtimeonsocialmediaplatformsincludingInstagram,TikTokandSnapchatwouldimprovethebodyimage.Theyrecruitedafewhundredvolunteers,allofwhomhadexperiencedsymptomsofanxietyordepression,whichcouldmakethemvulnerabletotheeffectsofsocialmedia.Halfoftheparticipantswereaskedtoreducetheirscreentimeto60minutesadayforthreeweekswhiletheotherhalfcontinuedtousesocialmediawithnorestrictions,whichaveragedaboutthreehoursperday.Theresearchersgavetheparticipantssurveysatthebeginningandendofthestudy,whichincludedstatementssuchas"I'mprettyhappyaboutthewayIlook."and"Iamsatisfiedwithmyweight."Amongthegroupthatcutsocialmediause,theoverallscoreonappearanceimprovedfrom2.95to3.15ona5-pointscale.Thismayseemlikeasmallchange,butanyshiftinsuchashortperiodoftimeisstriking,theauthorssay."Thestudyisencouraging,butitonlyincludedpeoplewhohadsymptomsofanxietyordepression.It'sworthevaluatingthisapproachwithothergroups,suchaspeoplewithoratriskofeatingdisorders.It'salsopossiblethatthebenefitsofcuttingbackcouldextendmorebroadlytoanyoneinthisagegroup,"saysPsychologistAndreaGraham,co-directoroftheCenterforBehavioralInterventionTechnologiesatNorthwesternUniversity.28.WhatproblemmaysocialmediabringtoteenagersaccordingtoThai?A.TheymaybecomeaddictedtotheInternet.B.Theytendtobecomesensitivetoothers'comments.C.Theymayhaveunrealisticexpectationsoftheirimage.D.Theytendtocomparethemselveswiththeimagespostedonline.29.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparticipantsduringthestudy?A.Theyscoredtheirappearancetwice.B.Halfofthemstoppedusingsocialmedia.C.Theyhopedtoimprovetheirbodyimage.D.Mostofthemshoweddissatisfactionwiththeirweight.30.WhatdidGrahamthinkofthestudy?A.Itwasagoodtrybuthadlimitations.B.Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.C.Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.D.Itwasencouragingbuttheevidencewasunreliable.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowSocialMediaChangesTeenagersB.HowtoHelpTeenagersLimitScreentimeC.ShorterScreenTime,BetterFeelingsonLookD.LessAnxiety,BetterImage

答案以及解析1.答案：B解析：細節理解題。根據小標題ZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19下的段落$11.95members,$13.95generaladmission.(會員價11.95美元,普通門票價13.95美元)可知,要買到ZooLightsshow的折扣票,需成為會員。故選B。2.答案：B解析：細節理解題。根據小標題FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4下的段落OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.(位于沙漠的OdySeaAquarium正在其DesertCourtyard舉辦第三屆年度家庭趣味冬季活動,以真正的雪為特色,供孩子們玩耍)可知,在FamilyFunWinterfest可以享受真正的雪。故選B。3.答案：D解析：細節理解題。根據每段的小標題"ZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19(ZooLights:GlowWild,1月1日到19日),DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18(DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArts,1月4日到18日),FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4(FamilyFunWinterfest,1月4日)和YouthFineArtsCourseJan.18–Mar.7(YouthFineArtsCourse,1月18日到3月7日)可知,四個活動中,持續最長的是YouthFineArtsCourse。故選D。4.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的explore、startedtowonder和第二段中的studying、wentbacktoobserving、askingquestions可以推斷出,約翰·托德自孩童時代就喜歡探究和質疑。故選C。inquiring意為"愛探索的,好奇的"。故選C。5.答案：D解析：推理判斷題。本題問的是John把污泥放進水箱的目的。根據第二段最后一句可知,John決定建造一個生態箱(eco-machine)。第三段主要講述了John的實驗過程(把污泥放進水箱里并觀察)。第四段描述實驗結果—這個生態箱里的動植物把污泥當成食物吃了。由此可推斷出,John把污泥放進水箱的目的是測試他研制的生態箱。故選D。6.答案：B解析：推理判斷題,考查寫作目的。根據題干關鍵詞Fuzhou可定位到第五段。根據"Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs"可知,John已經承擔了很多大型工作。緊接著通過他的發明應用于南伯靈頓和福州的例子來說明他的想法在實踐中的應用(application)。故選B。7.答案：A解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的"Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair"可知John的研究依據是自然可以進行自我修復。故選A。8.答案：C解析：細節理解題。根據文章第二段AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution."Wearegoingtomakeachange,"shesaid."I'vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools."(倫敦北部中學教師安德里亞扎菲拉庫(AndriaZafirakou表示,她想掀起場課堂革命。我們將做出改變,她說。"我已經啟動了一個項目,以促進我們學校的藝術教學。")可知,Zafirakou打算用自己的獎金運行一個項目。故選C。9.答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據文章第三段"Theprojectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshaveingettingartistsofanysort—whetheranupandcominglocalmusicianoramajormoviestarintoschoolstoworkwithandinspirechildren.(許多學校很難讓任何類型的藝術家無論是當地嶄露頭角的音樂家還是主要的電影明星—進入學校,與孩子們一起工作并激勵他們,因此才有了這個項目。)"可知,CraigMartin認為,英國學校的藝術教學尤其困難。故選A。10.答案：C解析：細節理解題。根據文章最后一段"Itisabsolutelynecessary.Thefuturedependsoncreativityandcreativitydependsontheyoung.(這是絕對必要的。未來取決于創造力,而創造力取決于年輕人。)"可知,Schama認為學校教育應該強調創造力。故選C。11.答案：A解析：主旨大意題。根據文章第二段"AndriaZafirakou,anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher,"saidshewantedtobringaboutaclassroomrevolution."Wearegoingtomakeachangeshesaid."I'vestartedaprojecttopromotetheteachingoftheartsinourschools."(倫敦北部中學教師安德里亞扎菲拉庫AndriaZafirakou表示,她想掀起一場課堂革命。我們將做出改變,她說。"我已經啟動了一個項目,以促進我們學校的藝術教學。")可知,文章講述了AndriaZafirakou用自己的獎金啟動了一個項目,將藝術家帶進學校,促進藝術教學。故選A。12.答案：B解析：細節理解題。本題問的是作者是如何應對中西部地區風景攝影師所面臨的挑戰的。thechallenge指的是第一段中的"thecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation(艾奧瓦州缺少地理差異)"。再結合題干關鍵詞intheMidwest可定位到第二段。根據"Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway."可知,作者通過去州立公園或鄉村拍攝照片來應對這一挑戰。故選B。13.答案：A解析：細節理解題。題干中的thekey與第三段第一句中的decisive同義。根據"Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography."可知,在合適的時間到達合適的地點是至關重要的。再結合最后一段作者去魔鬼湖(Devil'sLake)拍攝照片留下遺憾的經歷可知,風景攝影成功的關鍵是恰當的時間管理。故選A。14.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據題干關鍵詞theauthor'stripwithfriendstoDevil'sLake可定位到最后一段。根據"Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroutesoweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime."可知,作者認為時間寬裕,就離開既定的拍攝地點往更高的地方爬了,結果忘記了返回的正確路線,差點錯過了要拍攝的落日。由此可推知,他們到達拍攝地點的時間要比預計的晚。故選C。15.答案：B解析：推理判斷題,考查作者的觀點態度。根據最后一段最后一句"Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely."可知,作者認為,盡管他可以把照片拍得更好,但現在這些照片仍然是自己拍得最好的。由此可推知,這些照片是令作者滿意的(satisfying)。故選B。16.答案：C解析：細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句話"Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts."(他用塑料垃圾建造了巨大的雕塑，迫使觀眾重新審視他們與一次性塑料制品的關系。)可知，VonWong用塑料垃圾制作雕塑，是想讓人們重新審視與一次性塑料制品的關系，引起公眾對塑料垃圾的關注。故選C。17.答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段第二句話"Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(來源)ofplasticpollution,butthey'verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon'tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled."(塑料吸管絕不是塑料污染的最大來源，但最近它們受到了抨擊，因為大多數人不需要它們來喝飲料，而且由于它們體積小、重量重，無法回收。)可知，塑料吸管體積小、重量輕，無法回收利用。由此推知，作者在第三段討論塑料吸管是為了展示它們回收的難度。故選A。18.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段"Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(說明)aspecificstatistic:Every60second