PAGEPAGE7課時作業(yè)17Usinglanguageeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ.閱讀理解)A“Developedanddevelopingnationscanlearnfromeachotherseekingalow-carboneconomy.Intermsofenergysavingandgreeneconomy,Chinadoesn'tlag_behinddevelopednations，”saidZhouChangyi,directoroftheenergysavingdepartmentoftheMinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnology.“Whilewecanlearnmanyaspectsfromdevelopednations,theyalsoshouldlearnsomethingfromus,suchaswaterconservation，”ZhousaidinaspeechduringthenewPathofChina'sIndustrializationforumattheongoingChinaInternationalIndustryFair.HesaidindustrializednationsandChinaaredealingwithdifferentissuestofightclimatechange.TheUnitedKingdom,forexample,isconcernedabouttransport,buildingsandnewenergyinreducingcarbonemissions.ForChina,themosturgenttaskishowtorealizenewtypeofindustrializationandavoidmistakesthatothercountriesmadewhentheyindustrialized.SwisspowerandautomationtechnologygroupABBcalledforastrongerfocusonproductlife-cycleassessment,orLCA,whichisusedtostudytheenvironmentalimpactofaproductfromtheresearchandmanufacturingstagethroughitsusageandrecycling.TobiasBecker,headofABB'sprocessautomationdivisionforNorthAsiaandChina,saidLCAisaneffectivetoolinhelpingmanufacturingindustriestoreducecarbonemissions.LCAshowsthatindustrialcustomersshouldfocusonaproduct'senvironmentalimpactthroughoutitslife-cycleinsteadofonitsinitialinvestment.RichardHausmann,NorthEastAsiaCEOofSiemens,said,“Thecoloroffutureindustrializationisgreen.”TheGermanycompanyrecentlyannouncesthatitwantstoreceiveordersworthmorethan6billionEuros(US8.8billion)forintelligentpowernetworks,SmartGrid,overthenextfiveyears.Siemenshasseta20percentmarketsharetargetfortheglobalsmartgridbusiness.Asmartgriddeliverselectricityfromsupplierstoconsumersusingdigitaltechnology,advancedsensorsspecializedcomputersthatsaveenergy,reducecostsandincreasereliability.TheUnitedStatesandChinaareconsideredthetwobiggestmarketsforsmartgrid.這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了智能電網(wǎng)的特點及發(fā)展趨勢，表明發(fā)達(dá)國家和發(fā)展中國家就尋求低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展上可以相互借鑒，更好地實現(xiàn)他們共同的目標(biāo)。1．Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphrase“l(fā)agbehind”inParagraph1?A．Actbetterthan. B．Performworsethan.C．Runfasterthan. D．Keepquieterthan.答案：B解析：詞義揣測題。由第一段Intermsofenergysavingandgreeneconomy,Chinadoesn'tlag_behinddevelopednations可知，就節(jié)能和綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)方面，中國并不落后于發(fā)達(dá)國家。故B選項正確。2．________aboutSmartGridisn'tmentionedinthetext.A．Smallinsize B．Low-costC．Energy-saving D．Security答案：A解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終一段saveenergy,reducecostsandincreasereliability(節(jié)能，降低成本，增加平安性)可知，A選項并未提到。故A選項正確。3．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．IntelligentPowerNetworksB．Low-carbonEconomy—aSharedGoalC．TwoBiggestMarketsforSmartGridD．DevelopedandDevelopingNationsCanLearnfromEachOther答案：B解析：標(biāo)題推斷題。由第一段Developedanddevelopingnationscanlearnfromeachotherseekingalow-carboneconomy(發(fā)達(dá)國家和發(fā)展中國家就尋求低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展上可以相互借鑒)以及短文主要內(nèi)容推斷出B選項正確。BPeopleaskedtoimaginehowfloodingordroughtswouldaffectparticularpeopleorplacesweremorelikelytoengageinenvironmentallyfriendlyactions.Manypeopleviewclimatechangeasadistantthreat.Buthavingthemimaginethetangible(有形的)consequencesofresultingdroughtsorfloodsmayhelpchangethisideaandencouragepro-environmentalbehavior,anewstudysuggests.Researchersasked93collegestudentstoreadareportontemperatureanomalies(異樣)，floodsandotherclimatechange-relatedeventsthathaveaffectedtheisland.Thescientiststhenasked62oftheparticipantstowritedownthreewaysinwhichsuchphenomenamightimpacttheirfuturelives.Halfthepeopleinthatgroupwereinstructedtoimaginesuchsituationsindetail.Theremaining31studentsdidnotcompleteeitherthewritingorimaginingsteps,actingasacontrolgroup.Alltheparticipantsthenratedtheirideasofclimatechangerisksbyrespondingtoquestionssuchas“Howlikelydoyouthinkitisthatclimatechangeishavingseriousimpactsontheworld？”Theyusedascalefrom1(“veryunlikely”)to7(“verylikely”).Theaveragescorewashigheramongsubjectswhohadbeenaskedtoenvisiondetailedsituationsthanamongthosewhohadnot.Theresultswerelaterconfirmedinasecondexperimentinvolving102participants.Participantsinthefirstexperimentwhohadimaginedtheeffectsofclimatechangeweremorelikelytosaytheywoulduseairconditioninginanenergy-savingmanner.Inthesecondexperiment,nearlytwothirdsofpeopleinthevisualizing(想象)groupsigneduptohelpcleanabeach,comparedwith43percentinthenonvisualizingone.Andwhenofferedachoiceofavegetarian(素食主義的)ornonvegetarianlunchbox,nearlyhalfthevisualizersselectedtheenvironmentallyfriendliermeatlesschoice—comparedwithabout28percentofthenonvisualizers.Theresearchersdidnottrackpeopletoseeiftheybehaveddifferentlyintheirday-to-daylives—somethingfurtherstudiesshouldexamine,saysstudyco-authorWen-BinChiou.Moreover,theresearch“shouldbedoneagaininotherplaceswithotherpopulations，”saysRobertGifford,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofVictoriainBritishColumbia,whowasnotinvolvedinthework.Thefindingscouldbeappliedtoraisepublicconcernaboutclimatechange,Chiousays.Forexample,hesuggeststhatnewsreportsaboutthephenomenoncouldincludevividdescriptionsofitseffectsonpeople'slivesandaskreaderstoimagineexperiencingsuchimpacts.Havingvirtual-realitydemonstrations(展示)inlocalsciencemuseumsoftheconsequencesofclimatechangewouldbeanotherwayofputtingtheresearchintopractice,Chiouadds.這是一篇說明文。作者在文中向我們描述了一項新的探討：假如讓人們想象干旱或洪水的后果可能有助于他們變更“氣候變更是一個遙遠(yuǎn)的威逼”這個觀念，并激勵有利于環(huán)境的行為。4．Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthestudyistrue?A．Onlyoneexperimentwascarriedoutforthestudy.B．ProfessorRobertGiffordplayedakeyroleinthestudy.C．Thecontrolgrouponlycompletedthewritingstepintheexperiment.D．Participantsaskedtoimaginedetailedeffectsscoredhigherthanthosewhoweren't.答案：D解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Theaveragescorewashigheramongsubjectswhohadbeenaskedtoenvisiondetailedsituationsthanamongthosewhohadnot”可知，被要求設(shè)想具體情景的受試者的平均得分高于未被要求設(shè)想具體情景的受試者的平均得分。故D選項正確。5．Futurestudieswillprobablybeaboutwhether________.A．itistrueofotherpopulationsinotherplacesB．moremoneywillbedonatedtothepeopleaffectedbyclimatechange-relatedeventsC．peoplechoosevegetarianlunchboxesintheirdailylivesD．climatechangewillcausepeopletothinkaboutjoininginacontrolgroup答案：D解析：推理推斷題。由最終一段“Thefindingscouldbeappliedtoraisepublicconcernaboutclimatechange,Chiousays.Forexample,hesuggeststhatnewsreportsaboutthephenomenoncouldincludevividdescriptionsofitseffectsonpeople'slivesandaskreaderstoimagineexperiencingsuchimpacts.”可知，這些發(fā)覺可以用來引起公眾對氣候變更的關(guān)注。例如，他建議關(guān)于這一現(xiàn)象的新聞報道可以包括其對人們生活影響的生動描述，并要求讀者想象經(jīng)驗這樣的影響。所以推斷出將來的探討可能是關(guān)于氣候變更是否將使人們考慮加入一個限制組。故選D。6．Toputtheresearchintopractice,Wen-BinChiousuggeststhat________.A．thegovernmentcallonpeopletolivealow-carbonlifeB．peopleuseairconditioninginanenergy-savingmannerC．peopleexperiencepossibleeffectsofclimatechangethroughvirtualrealityfacilitiesD．newsreportsprovidevividdescriptionsoftheeffectsofclimatechangeonpeopleslives答案：C解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終一段“Havingvirtual-realitydemonstrations(展示)inlocalsciencemuseumsoftheconsequencesofclimatechangewouldbeanotherwayofputtingtheresearchintopractice,Chiouadds.”可知，Chiou補(bǔ)充說，在當(dāng)?shù)氐目茖W(xué)博物館里進(jìn)行虛擬現(xiàn)實演示，展示氣候變更的后果，是將這項探討付諸實踐的另一種方式。故C選項正確。7．Thepassagemainlytellsusthat________.A．differentpeoplemayhavedifferentreactionstoclimatechangeB．differentformsofclimatechangemayaffectpeople'sideasindifferentwaysC．peoplemaychangetheirbehaviorafterthinkingaboutthevividimpactsofclimatechangeD．collegestudentsshowgreatconcernforthepeopleaffectedbyclimatechange答案：C解析：主旨大意題。由短文其次段“Buthavingthemimaginethetangible(有形的)consequencesofresultingdroughtsorfloodsmayhelpchangethisideaandencouragepro-environmentalbehavior,anewstudysuggests.”可知，但一項新的探討表明，讓他們想象由此產(chǎn)生的干旱或洪水的后果可能有助于變更“氣候變更是一個遙遠(yuǎn)的威逼”這一觀念，并激勵有利于環(huán)境的行為。并結(jié)合下文可知短文主要告知我們，人們在考慮到氣候變更的生動的影響后，可能會變更他們的行為。故C選項正確。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ.七選五)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Imagineanarea34timesthesizeofManhattan.Nowimagineitcoveredankle-deepinplasticwaste—atotalofabout19billionpoundsofgarbage.__1__.“We'rebeingoverwhelmed(沉沒)byourwaste，”saidJennaJambeck,anenvironmentalengineerwholedthe2024studythatdeterminedthisastonishingnumber.__2__，unlesssomethingisdonetostopthetideofgarbage.Plastic—awidely-usedmaterial—hasinmanywaysbeenabenefittohumansbutithasalsocausedagrowingproblem.Today,plasticsaretheNo.1typeofgarbagefoundinthesea.OceanConservancy,anonprofitthatorganizesanannualcoastalcleanupeventworldwide,saidplasticwastemakesuparound85percentofthegarbagecollectedfrombeachesandoceans.OceanConservancysaysplasticsarebelievedtothreaten(威逼)atleast600differentwildlifespecies(物種).__3__；agrowingbodyofevidencesuggestshumansareconsumingplasticsthroughtheseafoodweeat.Aresearchsuggestssomeplasticscouldbepoisonoustohumans,andcouldpotentiallyincreasetheriskofhealthproblems.__4__.AttheEconomistWorldOceanSummitthisweek,tennationsannouncedtoreduceplasticsealitteraspartofUNEnvironment'sCleanSeascampaign.__5__.Corporationsalsohavearole,asdoindividuals.Wecanstartbythinkingtwicebeforeusingsingle-useplasticproducts—andwhenwedousethem,weshouldtakecaretoproperlythrowthemofforrecycle.A．ThefollowingiswhatweshoulddoB．Andit'snotjustwildlifethat'sthreatenedC．Andthisfigureislikelytodoubleby2025D．Butit'snotjustcountriesthatneedtodotheirpartE．By2050，thatfigureisexpectedtoriseto1,000piecesF．That'showmuchplasticwasteendsupinouroceanseveryyearG．Allofushaveanimportantroletoplayindealingwiththeproblems本文屬于爭論文，介紹塑料垃圾問題更加嚴(yán)峻，不但威逼野生動物，還影響人類自己，須要全世界通力合作。1．F解析：依據(jù)前一句Nowimagineitcoveredankle-deepinplasticwaste—atotalofabout19billionpoundsofgarbage.(想象一下它被深及腳踝的190億磅塑料垃圾覆蓋)可知，F(xiàn)選項“這就是每年流到海洋里面塑料垃圾的重量”與前文切題，故選F。2．C解析：依據(jù)后一句unlesssomethingisdonetostopthetideofgarbage.(除非實行一些措施來削減垃圾)可知，C選項“預(yù)料到2025年，這個數(shù)字可能翻倍”與后文形成條件關(guān)系，切題，故選C。3．B解析：依據(jù)后一句agrowingbodyofevidencesuggestshumansareconsumingplasticsthroughtheseafoodweeat.可知，越來越多的證據(jù)顯示人類通過食用海產(chǎn)品也汲取了塑料。故B選項“不僅動物受到威逼”與下文形成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，切題，故選B。4．G解析：依據(jù)本段后文tennations以及Corporations可知，這個問題須要全世界共同合作，G選項“全部人在處理這個問題上都能夠起作用”切題，故選G。5．D解析：依據(jù)下一句Corporationsalsohavearole,asdoindividuals.可知，企業(yè)和個人也有作用，D選項“不僅僅是國家可以實行措施”切題，故選D。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫)閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。Summervacationhadjustbegun,andAlexandMariawerereadytospendalldayoutside.Theydecidedtowalktotheneighborhoodpark,wheretherewasariverthattheylikedtoswiminwhenitwasparticularlyhot.Whentheygottotheriver,theysawthatitwastoodeeptoswimin.AlexandMariaweredisappointed.Ontheothersideoftheriver,aboutfiftyyardsaway,therewasafountainfromwhichthewaterisflowingout.“Weshouldgoplayinthefountain，”Mariasaid.“Howwillweget_there？”askedAlex.Marialookedaroundthegrassyriverbankandnoticedafewlogsandbrancheslyingclosetothewater.“Wecouldbuildabridge！”shesaid.Sheranovertoathicklogthatlookedlongenoughtobeplacedacrosstheriver.Together,sheandAlexliftedthelogontotheirshouldersandwalkedittothewater.Here,theystopped.Howwouldtheygetthebranchacross?Mariasuggestedthrowingitdownintothewaterandseeingifitreachedtheotherside.ThatseemedimpropertoAlex—whatifthebranchdidnotreachtheothersideoftheriver,andgotstuckorsweptawaybythewater?Thentheywouldbeunabletowalkallthewayacrosstheriver.Mariawonderediftheycouldmeasurethedistancefromtheriverbanktheystoodontotheothershore.Theyputthel