Unit3The

Internet—Grammar

thepresentperfectpassivevoice現在進行時的被動語態HinaNotonlyhastheInternetmadeourlivesmore1.__________（convenience），butpeople’sliveshavealsobeenchangedbyonlinecommunitiesandsocialnetworks.TakeJanTchamani，anEnglishteacher，forexample.Shehadtoquitherjob2.________________shedevelopedaseriousillness.Withonlyhercomputertokeephercompany，shefeltlonelyand3.______（bore）.However，bysurfingtheInternet，shefoundherlifegreatlychangedsincetheInternetwasabletokeeppeopleclosernomatter4.________theylive.??5.___________（inspire）bythepeopleshemetonline，shedecidedtostart6._____ITclubtoteacholderpeoplehow7._______（use）computersandtheInternet.InordertolearnmoreabouthowtousetheInternettomakesociety8._________（good），Janherselfhasstartedtakingonlineclasses.Shebelievesthatitis9.

________（high）importanttobridgethedigitaldivideandmakesurethateveryonehasaccesstotheInternetandknowshowtousenewtechnology.Hernextgoalistostartacharitywebsitetoraisemoneyforchildreninpoor10.___________（country）.DuetotheInternet，Jan’slifehasbeengreatlyimproved.convenientbecause/since/asboredwhereInspiredantousebetterhighlycountriesReview5’學習目標(1’)1.Observeandsummarizetheformandthe

functionsofthepresentperfectpassivevoice;2.Compare

thepresentperfectpassivevoicewith

theactivevoice,andchange

theactiveform

intothe

passiveform;3.ApplythepresentperfectpassivevoiceintouseHowhasourlifebeenchangedbytheInternetAlipayhasbeenusedtopayforgoodsandservices.Cashwasexchangedforgoodsandservicesinthepast.課前提問HowhavewebeenchangedbytheInternetMobilephonesandtelephoneswereusedforsocialcommunicationinthepast.Socialmediaappshavebeendownloadedforsocialcommunication.HowhavewebeenchangedbytheInternetLocalnewspapersweresubscribedtokeepupwiththenewsinthepast.過去人們訂閱地方報紙是為了及時了解新聞。Anynewsfromanywhereintheworldhasbeenupdateduptotheminutewithaclickortwo.世界上任何地方的任何新聞都可以通過點擊一兩下更新到每分鐘。HowhavewebeenchangedbytheInternetAllkindsofmallsandstoreswerefrequentlyvisitedforshoppinginthepast.在過去，人們經常去各種各樣的商場和商店購物。Morethan15billionitemshavebeensoldonT-mallin2021.

2021年，天貓上的商品銷售額已超過150億件。1.MuchhasbeenwrittenaboutthewondersoftheWorldWide

Web.問題導學1(1’)Observeandtranslatethefollowingsentences,andtrytofindsomethingincommonfromthesesentences.2.People’sliveshavebeenchangedbyonlinecommunitiesand

socialnetworks.3.Manypeoplehavebeenhelpedbytheclub.…已經被書寫…已經被改變have/hasbeendone

…已經被做表示“某人/某事/某物已經被…”…已經被幫助hasbeenwrittenhavebeenchangedhavebeenhelpedTheInternethasgreatlyimprovedJan'slife.theInternet.Jan'slifehasbeengreatlyimprovedby主語謂語賓語TheInternethasgreatlyimprovedJan'slife賓語主語

謂語變被動

has/have+been+done+bychangethemintothepassivevoice問題導學1(4’)Ihavedownloadedthesoftwaretohelpmyphonelastlonger.meThesoftwarehasbeendownloadedby主語謂語賓語Ihavedownloadedthesoftware賓語主語

謂語變被動

have/has+been+done+by()tohelpmyphone

lastlonger.changethemintothepassivevoicePeoplehavewrittenmuchaboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.peopleMuchhasbeenwrittenby主語謂語賓語Peoplehavewrittenmuch賓語主語

謂語變被動

have/has+been+done+by()aboutthewondersoftheWorldWideWeb.changethemintothepassivevoiceFromthesentencesabove,wecanknowthatthestructure:Otherforms:肯定結構否定結構一般疑問結構特殊疑問結構have/has＋beendonehave/has＋not＋beendonehave/has＋主語＋beendone特殊疑問詞＋have/has＋主語＋beendoneVerbformPassiveActivehave/has+been+v-edhave/has+v-edSummarizethestructure點撥運用1(2’)1.He________________totakepartinthesportsmeeting．(肯定句)他已被挑選出來參加運動會。(select)2.Theink____________________fromhisovercoat．(否定句)墨跡還沒有從他外套上去掉。(remove)3._____thedateforthenextmeeting_____________(一般疑問句)下次會議的日期已確定了嗎？(decide)4._______________thebattery_______________(特殊疑問句)電池多久沒有更換了？(change)hasbeenselectedhasnotbeenremovedHasbeendecidedHowlonghasnotbeenchanged即學即練即學即練1.Ihaveaskedhertohelpyou.將下列主動句變為被動句2.Theyhavefoundagoodplacetobuildalibraryinthecity.3.Wehaveplantedmanytreesonthehillinthelasttwoyears.Shehasbeenaskedbymetohelpyou.Agoodplacehasbeenfoundbythemtobuildalibraryinthecity.Manytreeshavebeenplantedbyusonthehillinthelasttwoyears.Theletter

(post)already.Observethefollowingsentencesandtrytofillintheblanks.hasbeenpostedManyhouses

(build)forthepoorsofar.havebeenbuilt點撥運用2(8’)用法1:被動動作發生在過去并已經完成,對現在造成影響或產生結果。(already,yet,sofar,bynow)問題導學2(4’)Themachine

(repair)fortwohoursbutitstilldoesn’twork.hasbeenrepairedPapermoney

(use)forover50years.hasbeenused點撥運用2(4’)用法2:被動動作發生在過去,持續到現在,并有可能繼續

持續下去。(for+一段時間;since)Everyonewillfeelextremelydelightedifhe________________(admit)toTsinghuaUniversity.Wewillstartassoonasthework________________(finish).hasbeenadmittedhasbeenfinished用法3:在時間/條件狀語從句中表示可能還沒有發生的被動動作。即用現在完成時的被動語態代替將來完成時的被動語態點撥運用2(10’)1.Themachinehasbeenrepairedalready.2.Themachineisbeingrepairednow.

3.Themachinewasrepairedyesterday.說明動作發生在過去,對現在有影響,“現在修好了”說明動作正在進行只說明動作發生在過去4.Thebabyhasbeentakengoodcareof.4.Thebabyhasbeentakengoodcare.Attention:在被動結構中,動詞短語的介詞或副詞不可去掉5.Greatchangeshavebeentakenplacesince1978.5.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesince1978.Attention:不及物動詞或詞組無被動即學即練1.Morethan5000usedbikes

(collect)

sincethetwobrotherssetuptheorganization.2.He

(employ)atthisjobsince1990.3.Hisnovel

(translate)into25languages.havebeencollectedhasbeenemployedhasbeentranslated課堂小結(1’)現在完成時的被動語態含義結構表示過去發生的被動動作現在已經完

成或仍將持續,強調對現在的影響have/hasbeendone形式肯定式否定式疑問式have/hasbeendonehave/hasnotbeendoneHave/Has+主語+beendone特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+beendone用法表示已經完成的被動動作表示開始于過去并可能持續下去的被動動作在時間狀從,條件狀從中,表示還未發生的被動動作注意事項區分have/hasbeendone/bebeingdone/bedone無被動1.他的小說還沒有出版。Hisnovel____________________．(publish)2.所有的信都已經寄出去了嗎？______alltheletters___________？

(post)3.他的工作尚未完成。(finish)Hiswork__________________．4.新的訂票制度已在使用中了嗎？______thenewbookingsystemsfortickets_________？5.Theyhavebuiltmanyhousesinthetowninthepastfewyears.→Manyhouses____________inthetowninthepastfewyears.hasnotbeenpublishedHavehasnotbeenfinishedbeenusedbeenpostedHavehavebeenbuilt當堂檢測(12’)6.Wehaveplantedmanytreesonthehillinthepast5years.→Manytrees_______________onthehillinthepast5years.7.Hissisterlefthomein1998and_______________since.(hear)8.你可以出去，除非你的作業已經完成了。Youcangooutunlessyourhomework______________．9.新的鐵路一旦建成，到達北京的用時就會更短(complete)Oncethenewrail