WelcomeUnitWelcomeUnit話題校園生活詞匯exchange，lecture，formal，senior，outgoing，concentrate，experiment，awkwardjunior，explore，forward，flash，goal，partner，company，style短語atlast，makeanimpression，whatif，concentrateon，leave...alone，lookforwardtotakenotes句型1．whatif2．find＋n.＋adj.3．feel＋比較級4．either...or...5．whiledoingsth6．nomatter＋疑問詞語法基本句子結構寫作個人簡介考點1.exchangen．交換；交流vt.交換；交流；交易；兌換[教材原句]I’manexchangestudentfromtheUK.我是來自英國的一名交換生。【拓展】(1)inexchangefor交換(2)exchangesthforsth用……來交換……exchangesthwithsb與某人交換某物【經典練】語境辨義/單句語法填空①Theyweregivenfoodandshelterinexchangeforwork.②Iexchangedthosetrousersforalargersize.③Hewouldliketoworkintherestaurantinexchangeamealforfree.【答案】1.交換2.調換3.for【寫作佳句】I’mhappytolearnthatyouwillcometoourschoolnexttermasanexchangestudent.我很高興得知你下學期會作為交換生來我們學校。考點2.lecturen．講座；講課；教訓vi.(開)講座；講課vt.訓斥[教材原句]inthelecturehall在演講大廳【拓展】eq\x(givealecture做演講；做講座)【經典練】語境辨義①WewenttoalectureonItalianart..②ShelecturesinRussianliterature.③Hisparentsusedtolecturehimonhistablemanners..【答案】1.講座2.講課3.訓斥【寫作佳句】LastFridaymorningwespokeonebyoneinthelecturehall.Attheendofmyspeechmanystudentsgavemeloudapplause.(2020·北京卷書面表達)上周五上午，我們在報告廳一個接一個地演講。我的演講結束時，許多學生給了我熱烈的掌聲。考點3.designn．設計；設計方案vt.設計；籌劃【典型例句】Thesebooksareprimarilydesignedfortheuseofbeginners.這些書主要是供初學的人使用的。【拓展】(1)bedesignedforsb/sth為……所設計bedesignedtodosth被設計用于做……(2)bydesign＝onpurpose有意地，故意地(3)designern.設計者【經典練】單句語法填空①TheHopeProject____________（design)helpthosechildrenwhodropoutofschoolbecauseofpoverty②Thisroom______________（design)childrenasachildren’splayroom.③Wedon’tknowwhethertheydiditbyaccidentor_________design.④Thiscourseisspeciallydesigned________beginnerslikeyou,focusingonlisteningandspeakingpractice.【答案】1.isdesignedto2.isdesignedfor3.bydesign4.for【教考銜接】1.(2021北京卷A篇)Youmightalsodesignanadventurechallengetotrainyoungvolunteers.2.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)HUNCH__________(design)toconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.

3.(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)ForWestern____________(design),ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.4.TheGPNP___40___(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產)forfuturegenerations”.(2021·新高考1卷)【答案】2.isdesigned3.designers4.isdesigned考點4.annoyedadj.惱怒的；生氣的【典型例句】Iwasannoyedatthoseannoyingthingsbecausethosethingswereannoyingmeallthetime.我對那些煩人的事情感到惱火,因為這些事情一直困擾著我。【拓展】(1)beannoyedat/withsb對某人生氣beannoyedby/aboutsth因某事而生氣(2)annoyvt.使惱怒；打擾annoyingadj.令人惱怒的；令人煩惱的單句語法填空①Wewereannoyed______(find)himbreakingthewindow.

②Sheis________(annoy)withhimforforgettingtophoneher.③Hewasannoyed________youforyourcarelessness.【答案】1.tofind2.annoyed3.at/with【寫作佳句】WhenIhearthatsomeonesays，“Myfriendfalls，Ilaugh;myphonefalls,Icry.”Ifeelratherannoyedandsurprised.當我聽到有人說：“我的朋友摔倒了，我笑了；我的手機掉了，我哭了。”我感到很惱火和驚訝。考點5.anxiousadj.焦慮的；不安的[教材原句]I’mnotoutgoingsoI’malittleanxiousrightnow.我性格并不外向，所以現在感覺有點焦慮。【拓展】(1)beanxiousabout為……擔心/擔憂beanxiousfor渴望……beanxioustodosth渴望做某事(2)anxietyn.擔心；焦慮；渴望anxiouslyadv.焦慮地【經典練】單句語法填空①It’snaturalforparentstobeanxious_______children’sfuture.②Icanunderstandyour__________(anxious),butpleasetrynottoworry.③IwastoldtheLearningCentreprovideshelpforstudentsandI’manxious_________(get)helpfromyou.

④Hewassoanxious__________(return)homethathehadbookedatrainticketbeforethesummervacationbegan.【答案】1.about2.anxiety3.toget4.toreturn【教考銜接】Wearereallyconcernedandanxious(learn)aboutyourupdates.(2020·浙江)【答案】tolearn考點6.impressionn．印象；感想[教材原句]Iwanttomakeagoodfirstimpression.我想給別人留下良好的第一印象。【拓展】(1)make/have/leavea(n)．..impressiononsb給某人留下一個……的印象(2)impressvt.使欽佩；給……留下深刻的好印象vi.留下印象；引人注目impresssthon/uponsb＝impresssbwithsth使某人牢記某事beimpressedby/at/with對……印象深刻(3)impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的；感人的【經典練】單句語法填空①Youwillsurelybeimpressedthosebeautifulpaper-cuttingworks.

②What(impress)memostwasthatwheneverheappearedinfrontofothersheoftenworeabigsmile.③First(impress)arethemostlasting.Afterall,younevergetasecondchance.【答案】1.by2.impressed3.impressions【教考銜接】Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasinglegrowingoutofthetheme.(2020·浙江卷)【答案】impression考點7.frightenedadj.驚嚇的；害怕的[教材原句]Ididn’tfeelawkwardorfrightenedatall.我一點也不覺得尷尬或害怕。【拓展】(1)befrightenedtodosth害怕做某事befrightenedof...對……感到驚恐(2)frightenvt.使驚嚇；使驚恐；嚇唬frighteningadj.令人恐懼的；可怕的【經典練】單句語法填空①I’mfrightened________walkinghomealoneinthedark.

②Shewasfrightened_________(look)downfromthetopfloorofthebuilding.

③Seeingthe_______tiger,theboywas________.(frighten)④

Seeingthefrighteningscene,thelittlegirlwasfrightened________deathandcriedinfrightwithafrightenedexpressiononherface.【答案】1.of2.tolook3.frightening;frightened4.of【高考鏈接】(2021全國卷II完形填空)Hehad43tocoax（哄）thedogtohimbut,frightened,ithad44.43.A.tried B.agreed C.promised D.regretted44.A.calmeddown B.stoodup C.rolledover D.runoff考點8.confidentadj.自信的；有把握的[教材原句]IfeelmuchmoreconfidentthanIfeltthismorning.我感覺比今天早晨更加自信。【拓展】(1)beconfidenteq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(about/of對……有信心,in在……方面充滿信心))(2)confidencen．信心【經典練】單句語法填空①Theydon'tsoundconfident________thefutureoftheindustry②Thephysicians,however,seemedmoreconfident________treatingdepressedpatientsaftertraining,andreferredfewerpatientstopsychiatrists.③Ihaveevery/complete____________(confident)inher.She'llbeperfectforthejob.【答案】1.of/about2.in3.confidence【教考銜接】1.MrMills’sencouragingremarkgaveVinnie(confident)tomakeherrequestofPresidentLincoln.(2020·天津)【答案】confidence2.Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand___37___(confidence)speakingEnglish.(2023·新課標Ⅱ卷)【答案】confident考點9.concentrateon集中精力于[教材原句]Icouldn’tconcentrateontheexperiment.我沒法專心做實驗。【拓展】concentrateone’smind/attentionon集中注意力于；致力于；專心于concentrationn.集中；專心【經典練】單句語法填空①Alltheseworriesmakeitimpossibleforhertoconcentrateherwork.②Hisabilitytoabsorbinformationwasastonishing,buthis(concentrate)timewasshort.【答案】1.on2.concentration【高考真題鏈接】(2021全國乙D篇)32.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?A.Ithelpshimconcentrate. B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere. D.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.【寫作佳句】WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmyfatherconcentratingonhiswork.當我醒來時，我發現父親在專心工作。考點10.leave...alone不打擾；不驚動[教材原句]Ireallywantedtotellhimtopleasebequietandleavemealone!我真想對他說：請安靜，別打擾我！【拓展】leaveaside擱置一邊leavefor...動身到……leaveout省略；遺漏；忽略【經典練】單句語法填空1)Pleaseleavemythings________!2)Whendoyouplantoleave___________Canada?3)We’llleave___________thedifficultproblemuntilnextweek．4)We

hear

of

women

who

run

away,

leaving

_______

their

homes

and

families.5)It

was

careless

of

him

to

leave

______an

important

detail.【答案】1.alone，2.for，3.aside，4.behind，5.out【寫作佳句】Iwisheveryonewouldstopbotheringmeandjustleavemealone.我希望大家別來打擾我，就讓我一個人待著。考點11.goaln．目標；球門；射門；進球[教材原句]IhavelearninggoalsandmakeplansformyEnglishstudies.我有學習目標并為我的英語學習制定了計劃。【拓展】achieveone’sgoal實現目標learninggoals學習目標【經典練】語境辨義①Ourgoalisforthecountrytobefullyindependentwithintwoyears.②Blackkicked/headedtheballinto/towardsthegoal.③Brazilwonbythreegoalstoone.【答案】1.目標2.球門3.進球【寫作佳句】MyteacheralwaysremindsmethatIshouldnotgiveupmylearninggoalsonceIsetthem.我的老師總是提醒我，一旦設定了學習目標，就不應該放棄。考點12.improvevi.&vt.改進；改善[教材原句]Whatisthebestwayforyoutoimproveyourreadingskills?對你來說，提高閱讀能力的最好方法是什么？【拓展】improveon/uponsth改進；做出比……更好的成績improvementn.改進；改善；提高【經典練】單句語法填空①We’vecertainlyimprovedlastyear’sfigures.②Weexpecttoseefurther(improve)overthecomingyear.【答案】1.on/upon2.improvement【寫作佳句】Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgiveussomeadviceonhowtoimproveourrobots.如果您能就如何改進我們的機器人給我們一些建議，我將不勝感激。考點13.curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲強的[教材原句]I’mcuriousabouteverything.我對一切都很好奇。【拓展】(1)becuriousaboutsth對某事感到好奇becurioustodosth極想做某事(2)curiosityn.好奇心(3)curiouslyadv.好奇地【經典練】單句語法填空①Theywereverycurious_________thepeoplewholivedupstairs.②Asweallknow,childrenarefullof(curious)abouteverythingaroundthem.③Thepeoplelookedatthestrangeboy(curious)．【答案】1.about2.curiosity3.curiously【教考銜接】LikeGalileo，allthegreatnamesinhistorywerecuriousandaskedindiscontent，“Why？Why？Why？”(2020·天津卷)【寫作佳句】ChinesestudentsarecuriousabouttheschoollifeofAmericanstudents.中國學生對美國學生的校園生活感到好奇。考點14.lookforwardto盼望；期待(to為介詞)[教材原句]Tomislookingforwardtomeetingthenewexchangestudent.湯姆正盼望著迎接這名新的交換生。【拓展】lookinto往……里看；調查lookoutfor注意察看；留心lookback(on)回憶；回顧lookdownon/upon俯視；輕視；看不起【經典練】介、副詞填空①AsIsawtheoldphoto,Ialwayslookedbackthescenewherewehadmet.②Now,Iwanttoansweryourquestions,butremembertolookfortheredlight.③Agoodteacherneverlooksdownslowstudents.【答案】1.on2.out3.on/upon【教考銜接】Weallmissyouandarelookingforwardtoyourearlyrecovery.Getplentyofrestandtakegoodcareofyourself.(2020·浙江卷寫作)考點15.find+賓語+賓語補足語[教材原句P4]Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.我覺得我的大多數同學和老師都很友好，而且樂于助人。【拓展】[句型公式]find＋sb/sth＋adj.(賓補)find＋賓語(n./pron.)＋賓語補足語，意思是“發現……處于……狀態”。句中“mostofmyclassmatesandteachers”為賓語，“friendlyandhelpful”為賓語補足語。常用下列形式：(1)find＋賓語＋adj.(賓補)(2)find＋賓語＋doing(賓補)(3)find＋賓語＋done(賓補)【經典練】(1)單句語法填空①Whenhearrived,hefoundallthework_______(finish)．②Whenshecameintotheroom,shefoundthem________(sit)togethersinging.(2)完成句子③Icalledonheronmywayhomeand____________________.我在回家的路上去拜訪她，發現她出去了。④Jane___________________________________________________.簡發現自己在一個不同的世界里。⑤ShereturnedtoEnglandto_____________________________.她回到英國，發現自己竟出名了。【答案】1.finished2.sitting3.foundherout,4.foundherselfinadifferentworld,5.findherselffamous【寫作佳句】WhenIarrivedhome，IfoundmymotherwatchingTV．當我到家時，我發現媽媽正在看電視。考點16.either...or…要么……要么……[教材原句P8]IfI'mnotinclass,I'meitherinthelibraryorinthecomputerlab.如果我不在教室，我要到在圖書館要么在電腦室。【拓展】[句型公式]either...or...或者……或者……連接兩個并列主語時，謂語動詞的數遵循“就近原則”的并列連詞有：·either...or...或者……或者……·neither...nor...既不……也不……·notonly...butalso...不但……而且……·not...but...不是……而是……【經典練】①Sightseeingisbestdonebytourbusbybicycle.觀光最好要么乘坐游覽巴士，要么騎自行車。②Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents(be)toattendthemeeting.或者是你或者是你的一個學生參加會議。③Kunmingisabeautifulcity,whereit’stoohottoocoldalltheyeararound.昆明是一個美麗的地方，一年四季既不冷也不熱。④Inmyopinion,neithermyfriendnormyclassmates(be)aspositiveasTom.在我看來，我的朋友和我的同學都沒有和湯姆一樣積極。【答案】1.either，or2.is3.neither，nor4.are【寫作佳句】IoftengotoeithertheEnglishCorner__orthegymasmyafter－classactivities.課外活動時，我通常要么去“英語角”，要么去體育館。考點17.2.重點句式:whatif?如果...會怎么樣呢？要是...會怎么樣呢？【教材原句】Whatifnoonetalkstome?要是沒人跟我說話怎么辦呢？【拓展】其他類似結構：What/Howabout...？……怎么樣(表示建議)?Howcome?怎么回事？Sowhat?那又怎么樣？Whatfor?為什么what'sup?怎么了？Whatdoyouthinkof...?認為怎么樣？【經典練】單句語法填空①____________hegetsangry?I'malittleworried.如果他生氣了會怎么樣呢？我有點兒擔心。②_______________goingtothecinematonight?Anewfilmisonshow.今天晚上去看電影怎么樣？有一部新電影正在上映。③—Someonewillseeyoudoingit.—_______________?——會有人看見你做這事的。——那又怎么樣？④______________?Whyareyoulateagain?怎么回事？你為什么又遲到了？答案:1.Whatif，2.Whatabout,3.Sowhat,4.Howcome.一．語法精講——基本句子結構思維導圖一、七種句子成分1．主語(subject)主語是一句話的主體，表明句子說的是誰或是什么。它一般放在謂語之前，通常由名詞(名詞短語)、代詞、數詞、動詞不定式、動名詞以及主語從句等擔任。TVnewsoftengivesuslotsofinformation.(名詞)Somethingiswrongwithmycomputer.(代詞)Seven－tenthsoftheearthsurfaceiscoveredwithwater.Toseeistobelieve.(動詞不定式)Cyclingandboatingaremyfavoritefreetimeinterests.Thatshewasadmittedintoakeyuniversitygreatlycomfortedherparents.(主語從句)2．謂語(verb，指謂語部分的主要動詞，也稱謂詞)謂語是對主語的有關問題加以說明的部分。謂語說明主語做什么，是什么或者怎么樣。謂語位于主語之后，由動詞擔任。凡是由一個動詞或動詞詞組構成的謂語，無論處在什么時態、語態、語氣下，都被稱之為謂語。謂語分為簡單謂語和復合謂語。Hepractisesrunningeverymorning.(簡單謂語)GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinShanghai.(復合謂語)3．表語(predicative)表語是說明主語“是什么”或“怎么樣”的句子成分。它由名詞、代詞、數詞、形容詞、動詞不定式及短語、副詞、介詞短語等充當。MyfavoriteattractionistheGreatWall.(名詞)—Whoisthere？(副詞)—It’sme.(代詞)Englishisbothusefulandimportant.(形容詞)TheForbiddenCityisatthecentreofBeijing.(介詞短語)Thegreatesthappinessistoworkforthehappinessofall.(動詞不定式短語)Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.(動名詞短語)Mybeliefisthatourcountrywillbecomestrongerandstronger.(表語從句)4．賓語(object)賓語是及物動詞所表示的動作的對象，或是介詞所表示的某種聯系的對象。賓語放在及物動詞的后面。賓語一般由名詞、代詞、數詞、非謂語動詞及短語或名詞性從句等充當。Thechildrenareflyingkites.(名詞)Callmeanytime.(代詞)Idecidetopickupanewforeignlanguage.(動詞不定式短語)Doyoumindpassingmethedictionary？(動名詞短語)Yoursuccesswilllargelydependuponwhatyoudoandhowyoudoit.(賓語從句)5．賓語補足語(objectcomplement)有些及物動詞帶了賓語后意義仍不夠完整，還需要加上賓語補足語來補充說明賓語的行為、狀態、身份或特征等。賓語補足語通常放在賓語之后，一般由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞及短語等充當。Hehasprovedhimselfanexperiencedteacher.(名詞)Wehavedecidedtopainttheroompink.(形容詞)Mymotheralwayskeepseverythingingoodorder.(介詞短語)Theteacheraskedusnottomakesomuchnoise.(動詞不定式短語)Iheardthetelephoneringing.(現在分詞)Hewasveryhappytoseethehomelesschildrentakengoodcareofattheorphanage.(過去分詞短語)6．定語(attributive)定語是用來修飾、限制名詞或代詞的。一般由形容詞、名詞、代詞、數詞、副詞、不定式、動名詞、分詞、介詞短語和從句等充當。Theseareappletrees.(名詞)Themenherearealwaysbusyworkingonthefarm.(副詞)Thereisnothingtodotoday.(不定式)Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.(現在分詞、過去分詞短語)7.狀語(adverbial)狀語用于修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。一般由副詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語、獨立主格和從句等充當。I’mverypleasedtoseeyou.(副詞)I’llbebackinawhile.(介詞短語)Whenshewas12yearsold,shebegantoliveinDalian.(狀語從句)Havinghadaquarrelwithhiswife,helefthomeinabadtemper.(分詞)【經典練】寫出下列句中加黑部分所作的句子成分①Themanagermadethemworkdayandnight.②Alotofgreenlandshavebeenopenedtothepublic.謂③Thebestmethodofkeepingslimistodoexerciseregularly.④Theylivedintheroomabove.⑤Hegavemeabasketfullofeggs.【答案】1.賓語補足語2.謂語3.表語4.定語5.定語二、八種基本句子結構1.主語＋謂語(S＋V)這種句子結構中的謂語動詞為不及物動詞(短語)，故其后不能直接接賓語，也沒有被動語態。主謂結構常用來表示主語的動作或狀態。常見的不及物動詞(短語)有：rise,matter,begin,come,go,happen,last,appear,work,cometrue,takeplace等。說明：主語“____”；謂語“”；賓語“”；表語“”；賓補；狀語“[]”；定語“()”。Thesunisrising．太陽正在升起。Thelittleboyiscrying．小男孩正在哭泣。2.主語＋謂語＋賓語(S＋V＋O)(1)這種句子結構中的謂語動詞必須是及物動詞或動詞短語，一般有被動語態。用作賓語的有名詞、代詞、數詞、不定式、動名詞或從句等。HeiswatchingTV．他正在看電視。[Lastweekend]our__classheldaspeechcontest．上個周末，我們班舉行了演講比賽。(2)在“動詞＋介詞”的動詞短語中，賓語只能接在介詞之后；在“動詞＋副詞”的動詞短語中，作賓語的名詞放于副詞前后皆可；作賓語的代詞只能放在副詞之前。PleasewakeLiLingup(＝wakeupLiLing)at6：30inthemorning.(√)Pleasewakeherupat6：30inthemorning.(√)Pleasewakeupherat6：30inthemorning.(×)請在早晨6∶30叫醒她。3.主語＋(系動詞＋)表語(S＋P)這種句子結構中的謂語動詞為系動詞，無被動語態，也無進行時態。常見的系動詞有be動詞，還有感官系動詞(sound,look,smell,taste,feel)；變化系動詞(become,get,grow,turn,go,fall,run)；持續系動詞(remain,keep,hold,stay)；表象系動詞(seem,appear,look)等。表語由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、分詞、不定式或從句