Unit3TheWorldofSciencePresentperfectpassive1.Tounderstandthegeneralknowledgeofpresentperfectpassive.2.Tobeabletousepresentperfectpassive

inpropersituations.Learningaims1.Thisevening,I’llbetalkingtoDrRichardFairhurst,whosenewbookThe

New

Age

of

Invention

___just______________hasbeenpublished2.Iguessyou_______________(ask)aboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.havebeenaskedReadthesentences.Payattentiontothewordsinred.Leading-in4.Newinventionslike3Dprinters______________(use)tomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.havebeenused5.Nothinglikethis________________(invent)yetandI’dsaywe’realongwayfromaninventionlikethatatthemoment!hasbeeninvented3.Inaddition,importantadvances_______________(make)inmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingcomputerpower.havebeenmade現在完成時的被動語態現在完成時的被動語態強調過去的動作對現在造成的影響或結果,但主語為動作的承受者,表示“……已經被……”。考點一現在完成時的被動語態的構成肯定式主語＋have/hasbeendone...否定式主語＋have/hasnotbeendone...一般疑問式Have/Has＋主語＋beendone...？特殊疑問式疑問詞＋have/has＋主語＋beendone...？Hehasbeenselectedtotakepartinthesportsmeeting.他已被挑選出來參加運動會。Theinkhasnotbeenremovedfromhisovercoat.墨跡還沒有從他外套上去掉。Hasthedateforthenextmeetingbeendecided?下次會議的日期確定了嗎？Howlonghasthebatterynotbeenchanged?電池多久沒有更換了？【即學即練】(1)Theexperiment_____________successfully.這個實驗做得很成功。(2)Thebooks______________________bythestudents.那些書還沒有被學生們借走。hasbeendonehavenotbeenborrowed(3)____thesportsmeeting___________untilnextFriday?運動會已經推遲到下周五了嗎?

(4)Soeventheolivewreath________________.就連橄欖枝花環也被取代了。Hasbeenputoffhasbeenreplaced考點二現在完成時的被動語態的用法1．表示被動的動作在說話前已經完成，強調過去的動作對現在造成的影響或結果，通常與already、yet、just、never、recently、lately等副詞以及時間狀語sofar、bynow、uptillnow、since、in/during/overthepast/lastyears等連用。Themachinehasalreadybeenrepaired.2．表示被動的動作或狀態開始于過去，持續到現在，并可能持續下去，常與for或since引導的時間狀語連用，或用于“Howlong...？”句子中。(2024·浙江一月高考)SydneyandtheNewSouthWalescoasthavebeenhitbyheavyrains.悉尼和新南威爾士州海岸遭受了暴雨襲擊。Howlong

hasthisfilmbeenshown?這部電影已放映多長時間了？3．用在時間或條件狀語從句中，表示將來某時已完成的動作。Youshouldn'tleaveschoolbeforeyourhomeworkhasbeenfinished.在你的作業沒完成之前，你不應該離開學校。【溫馨提示】現在完成時的被動語態與一般過去時的被動語態的區別現在完成時的被動語態側重于表示一個被動的動作或狀態盡管發生在過去，但該動作或狀態對現在造成了影響或產生了結果；而一般過去時的被動語態表示一個被動的動作發生在過去的某個時間，其結果對現在沒有影響。Thebigfirehasbeenputout.大火已經被撲滅了。Thebigfirewasputouttwohoursago.大火在兩小時前被撲滅了。

【即學即練】(1)ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture,butwhenandwhere__________________yet.詹姆斯教授將要給我們作西方文化的演講,但是時間和地點還沒有決定。hasn’tbeendecided(2)Thewatch___just________________________.這只手表剛剛被清理和修理過。(3)_____theletters___________?信已經寄出去了嗎?(4)______________themachine_____________?這個機器被修了多長時間了?hasbeencleanedandrepairedHavebeenpostedHowlonghavebeenrepaired(5)They________________byusfortwoweeks.他們得到我們幫助有兩周了。(6)Theparty_______________sincetheNewYear.自從新年就計劃這次聚會了。havebeenhelpedhasbeenplannedSummary現在完成時的被動語態1.現在完成時的被動語態強調過去的動作對現在造成的影響或結果,但主語為動作的承受者,表示“……已經被……”。2.現在完成時態的被動語態的構成:have/hasbeendone3.現在完成時態的被動語態的用法：（1）表示被動的動作在說話前已經完成，強調過去的動作對現

在造成的影響或結果，通常與already,yet,just,recently,lately等副詞以及時間狀語sofar,bynow,since,in//overthepast/lastyears等連用。

（2）表示一個被動的動作或狀態開始于過去,持續到現在,并可能持續下去,常與for或since等引導的時間狀語連用,或用于Howlong...?句型中。

（3）用在時間或條件狀語從句中，表示將來某時已完成的動作。Ⅰ單句語法填空1.Manynewbridges_________________(built)since2010.

2.Ourclassroom_________________(clean);youneedn’tcleanitnow.

3.Allpossiblemeans_________________(try),butnothingcanpreventthebuildingsfrombeingpulleddown.

4.Manyanewmeasure_________________(put)forwardtoreduceairpollutionsofar.

5.Theconstructionofthetworailwaylines_________________(complete)bynow.

havebeenbuilt

hasbeencleanedhavebeentried

hasbeenput

hasbeencompleted6.Morethan50，000yuan

(raise)forthepoorfamilysincethegroupwasfounded.7.BlackFriday

(regard)asthebeginningoftheholidayshoppingseasonforyears.8.Sincetheearly1990s,alotofclinics

(found)inthiscountrytotreatpoorpeopleforfree.9.Overthepastthreeyears,thepaintings

(take)tomorethan20museumsintheworld.10.Sofar,manyvillages_______________(visit).hasbeenregardedhavebeentakenhavebeenfoundedhavebeenvisitedhasbeenraisedⅡ完成句子1．

(男孩們已經被多次告知)nottoswiminthatlake,butitdoesn'tmakeanydifference.2．WearegladtobetoldthatLiTao

(已經被復旦大學錄取)forhistopscoresintheMathsContest.3．Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday

(沒有確定)yet.4．Thoughwedon'tknowwhatwasdiscussed,yetwecanfeelthetopic

(已被改變了)．5．Thatbook