外研選擇性Book1Unit5

Revealingnature

Grammar講解加練習Pastprtfect

TeachingObjectives

Tolearnbasicstructureandfixedsentencepatternofpastperfect.Tomasterhowtousepastperfectcorrectlyinthepassage.TowritesomesentencesbyusingPastperfect.Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.aDarwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolved

fromacommonancestor,…bManypeoplerefusedtobelievethatlivingthings,includinghumans,hadevolvedfromlowerformsoflife.1.Insentence(a),whichactionhappenedfirst?“evolvedfromacommonancestor.”2.Insentence(b),whichactionhappenedfirst?“evolvedfromlowerformsoflife.”3.Whatdoesthestructurehaddoneindicate?Theactionhappenedbeforeacertainpastaction.Activity1leadin探究發現1.Itwasayoungmanwhohadleftmedicialschoolwithoutcompletinghisdegree.2.What’smore,hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”.3.AfterDarwinhasspentsometimeinSouthAmerica,hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsmaplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcoolected.4.Atthattime,pelplebelievdthatallspecieshadappearedonEarthatthesametime,andhadnotnotchangedsince.5.Itseemedtheirbeekshadevolvedaccordingtowhatfoodwasavailableonthatparticularisland.6.Overtime,ithadslowlyevolvedintomanynewspecies.

以上各句黑體部分謂語動詞使用的時態是過去完成時態。nowpastfuture過去完成時Chartforthedefiniationofthepastperfect過去的過去Igothomenow10:00pm9:00pmMylittlebrotherwenttobedBeforeI__________,

mylittlebrother

__________

tobed.gothomehadgone一、過去完成時態的構成

肯定句：had+過去分詞

被動：hadbeendone

否定句：hadn’t+過去分詞

被動：hadn’tbeendone

疑問句：had+主語+過去分詞

被動：Had+主語+beendone二、基本用法1.表示在過去某一時間或某一動作之前完成的動作或存在的狀態，即過去的過去。句中一般有明確的表示“過去的過去”的時間狀語或從句。1)Whenwalkingdownthestreet,IcameacrossDavid,whomI______(notsee）foryears.2).Mr.Smithreturnedtohisofficetogethiskeyhe____(leave).3)Hesaidthathe_____(return)mymoney,butIforgot.要義詳忻1.hadn’tseen2.hadleft3.hadreturned2.表示從過去某一時間開始，一直延續到過去的另一個時間動作或狀態，常見的時間狀語：before,bythen,bythattime,bytheendof,bythetime等。1）Bythenedoflastterm,onlyfourbooks______(finish).2.IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey_____(do)forme.3)BythenMary_____(prepare)themealforherparents.3.在hope,think,wish,expect,intend,plan,mean,suppose用過去完成時態，表示“原本……但未能……”。1)I_____(intend)tocallonyouyesterday,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.2.We_____(hope)thatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn’t.1.hadbeenfinished2.haddone3.hadprepared1.hadintended2.hadhoped4.常使用過去完成時態的句型（1）This/It/Thatwasthefirst/...timethatsb.haddone.這是某人第幾次做某事。（2）This/It/Thatwasthe+最高級+(...)+that引導定語從句haddone.

這是某人曾做的的最……的事。（3）Itwas/hadbeen+段時間名詞+siincesb.haddone

干某時多長時間了/沒做某人多長時間了。（4）hardly/scarcely...when.../nosooner...than...表示“一……就……”.

其中主句haddone,從句用一般過去時態。（5）bythetime+從句

（did)...主句用haddone。表示“到……時，已經……”。

1)ItwasthethirdtimethatMr.Write_____(visit)theGreatWall.2)Itwasexactlyfiveyearssinceherfather_____(die).3)Thiswasthehighestbuildingthathe_____(build)allhislife.4)I_____(hardlyget)homewhentherainpoureddown.=I______(nosoonerget)homewhentherainpoureddown.=Hardly_____Igothomewhentherainpoureddown.=AssoonasI_____(get)home,therain_____(pour)down.5)Bythetimemyparentsreturnedhomeformwork,I______(finish)myhomework.

1.hadvisited2.haddied3.hadbuild4.hadhardlygot;hadnosoonergot;had;got;poured5.hadfinished三、過去完成時態和現在完成時態的區別

兩種時態都可以表示一個完成的動作，但它們參照的終止時間不同：過去完成時態指到過去某點為止已發生或完成的動作；現在完成時指到現在為止發生或完成的動作。1）He______(learn)advancedmathematicsbyhimslefbeforehewenttouniversity.2)He_____(alreadyknow)theresult,soyouneedn’ttellhimaboutit.3)I______(live)inChinaforfiveyearsbeforeIwenttoAmerica.4)I_____(live)Chinaforfiveyears,andIloveitverymuch.1.hadlearnt2.hasalreadyknown3.hadlived4.havelived(2022年·天津卷)Thechildrenfailedtohidetheirdisappointmentwhentheyfoundouttheschool________theparty.A．cancels B．willcancelC．hascancelled D．hadcancelled(2020年·江蘇卷)InsteadofgettingdowntoanewtaskasI_____,heexaminedthepreviousworkagain.A．hadexpected B．haveexpected C．wouldexpect D．expectDA高考真題(2024年·全國Ⅰ卷改編)ThatwaswhenImetGunter.ItoldhimwhereIwasgoing,buthesaidhe____________(nothear)ofthebusstation.(2024年·全國Ⅰ卷改編)Hepickedmeupatthebusstationwherehe_____________(drop)meofffourdaysbefore.(2024年·全國Ⅰ卷改編)Itoldhimthatthankstohisgenerosityandtimelyhelp,everything_____________(go)smoothly.hadn’theardhaddroppedhadgoneCompletetheparagraphswiththeinformationfromthegivensentences.Thesentencesareintheorderinwhichtheyhappened.Theycanhelpyoutodecidetheuseoftenses.1.aNaturaldisastersledtofood

shortagesinthe1960s.bYuanLongpingbegantodoresearchonhybridrice.cYuanLongpingdevelopedabettertypeofrice.YuanLongping1

todoresearchonhybridricebecausenaturaldisasters2

foodshortagesinthe1960s.Intheend,he3_________abettertypeofrice.beganhadledtodeveloped回歸課本P70-71Completetheparagraphswiththeinformationfromthegivensentences.Thesentencesareintheorderinwhichtheyhappened.Theycanhelpyoutodecidetheuseoftenses.2.aGregorMendelchosetostudypeaplantsbecausetheircharacteristicswereeasytocontrol.bGregorMendelmadeimportantdiscoveriesaboutgenetics.cGregorMendeldiedin1884.GregorMendel4

studypeaplantsbecausetheircharacteristicswereeasytocontrol.Bythetimeofhisdeathin1884,he5

importantdiscoveriesaboutgenetics.chosetohadmade回歸課本P70-71Completetheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.

competedeclineeatliveintroducearriveLonesomeGeorgewasthelastPintaIslandtortoise.Hediedin2012.AfterGeorge'sdeath,thePintaIslandtortoisewasdeclaredextinct.TheextinctionofthePintaIslandtortoiseisblamedonhumans.Beforehumans1

ontheisland,thespecies2_________inisolationand3_______theplantsthatnaturallygrewthere.arrivedhadlivedeatenLonesomeGeorge3Completetheblankswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.Georgewasdiscoveredmanyyearsaftertheirarrival,andbythenhumans4_______________newspeciesthat5

forthefoodthetortoisesate.Aftergoatsinparticularhadbeenbroughttotheisland,thePintaIslandtortoisepopulation6

.Eventually,onlyGeorgeremained.hadintroducedcompeted

declinedLonesomeGeorge

competedeclineeatliveintroducearriveWorkinpairs.Actoutarole-playusingtheinformationinActivity3.OneofyouwillplaythekeeperofLonesomeGeorge,andtheotherwillplaythereporteraskingaboutGeorge.Usethepastperfecttensewhereappropriate.It'syourturntoActoutyourrole-play,usingthepastperfecttensewhereappropriate.4

Practise一、單句語法填空1.Ifoundthelecturehardtofollowbecauseit______(start)whenIarrived.2.Itisthethirdtimethatyou____(be)lateforworkthsweek,isn’tit?3.

MymothercameinafterI_____(hide)mystorybook.4.Bythetimewearrivedattheparty,they_____(eat)allthefood.5.Suedidn’tgotoseethefilmwithuslastweekbecauseshe______(see)itwithhermother.

6.I____(plan)togoonatriptoBeijingbutIcouldn’taffordthetime.7.Wherehaveyoubeen?We______(expect)youtocomebackmuchearlier.8.WhenIenteredtheclassroom,thelecture_____(begin)andtheaudience____(listen)carefullyandwithinterest.9.Ithasbeenthreeyearssincewe____(become)goodfriends,10.Idon’twanttogotothecinema,forI____(see)thefilmalready.11.XiaoWangsaidthatgreatchanges_____(take)placeinthecityinthepastyears.

1.________________（上周日，我本打算出去散步，但是在早上就開始下雨,intend）.SoIwenttothemovieswithmybestfriend.2._______________（當我起床的時候，我的狗已經把桌子上我的早餐都吃了。bythetime）.ThenIwenttoseethefilm,hungry,3.______________________（但是當我到電影院的時候，電影已經放映20分鐘了。beon放映）.4._____________________________（這是我第一次和我最好的朋友