絕密☆考試結束前寧波市2023學年第一學期期末九校聯考高二英語試題考生須知：1.本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘：2.答題前，在答題卷指定區域填寫班級、姓名、考場號、座位號及準考證號并填涂相應數字：3.所有答案必須寫在答題卷上，寫在試卷上無效：4.考試結束后，只需上交答題卷。第I卷第一部分：聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howwillthewomangotothepostoffice?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inalibrary.3.WhyneedthewomantalktoJohnny?A.Forhisabsence.B.Forhisgrades.C.Forhislateness4.Whatdoesthemando?A.Achef.B.Awaiter.C.Asecretary.5.Howmuchdoesthemanpayintotal?A.$5.45.B.$5.35.C.$5.第二節（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置，聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthematterwiththewoman?A.Shehasafever.B.Shehasatoothache.C.Shehasaheadache.7.Whenshouldthewomantakemedicine?A.Twohoursbeforethemeal.B.Onehourafterthemeal.C.Onehourbeforethemeal.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthehousesinEccles?A.They'reinthecheapestarea.B.They'reinthenewestarea.C.They'reinthebusiestarea9.WhatisthedisadvantageofthehouseinManton?A.It'sunfurnished.B.It'snoisyC.It'sold-fashioned.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Realestateagentandcustomer.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatwillthewomanwatchat7:00p.m.?A.News.B.TheCeltiesgame.C.MasterChef.12.WhowilltheCelticsplayagainsttonight?A.TheLakers.B.TheClippers.C.TheWarriors.13.WhatistheperformanceoftheClippers?A.Theydon'tplaysowellinthisseason.B.Theyarethechampionofthisseason.C.TheyareverylikelytobeattheCelties.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatproblemarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Therearen'tenoughbrochures.B.Thenumberoftelephonesisincorrect.C.Thewomansentoutunrelatedbrochures.15.WhatdoesMs.Greypromisetodo?A.Makeanotherorder.B.Bearthefullcostofthedelivery.C.Talkabouttheproblemwithherboss.16.WhatdoesMr.DunphythinkofMs.Grey'sresponse?A.It'ssatisfyingB.It'screative.C.It'sunacceptable.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題17.Whereistheflightflyingfrom?A.NewOrleans.B.NewYork.C.Shanghai.18.Howmuchearlierwilltheflightprobablyarriveatthedestination?A.10minutes.B.13minutes.C.30minutes.19.Whatareservedonthisflightaccordingtothespeaker?A.Dessertsandsnacks.B.Pillowsandblankets.C.Moviesandearphones.20.Whydoesthecaptainmakethisannouncement?A.Toeasethepassengers'tension.B.TointroducethesceneryofShanghai.C.Toencouragethepassengerstoorderfood.第二部分：閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，共37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。A“Critic’sPick.Themovieisextremelyemotional(likeaToniMorrisonnoveloraMaryOliverpoem).”LISAKENNEDY,THENEWYORKTIMESRavenJaskson*2023*U.S.*97minutes2023GothamAwardNomineeforBreakthroughFigure(RavenJackson)Oneofthemostvisuallystriking,profoundlymovingAmericanmoviemakingdebuts(首次亮相)inyears,RavenJackson’sAllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltisaneye-catchingimmersionintoayoungwoman’sinnerworld,filmedandeditedwithanextraordinaryattentiontothetiniestdetail.ThisimpressionisticjourneyskipsaheadandbackthroughdecadestotellthestoryofMack,whoseupbringinginruralMississippiistouchedbygrace,dottedwithheartbreak,andalwayscarriedhighintheskybythesurroundingnaturalbeauty.Assheages,sheloseslovedonesandgainsothers,whilemakingdecisionsthatchangethecourseofherlife,andthatofherbelovedsister.Relyingonsoundsandimagestotellherstory,andemployingminimaldialogue,Jacksonhascreatedsomethingbreathtakinglyquietandultimatelytransportingaspiritualrespecttothemoments,feelings,andconnectionsthatmakealife.AnA24release.ShowTimes:November7—November1512:15PM2:15PM4:15PM6:15PM8:15PMPleasenote:*OpencaptionscreeningsofthefilmwillplayonNovember8—November1312:15PM6:15PM*Audiodescriptionavailableatallscreenings.1.Accordingtothepassage,RavenJacksonisa(n)____________.A.critic B.director C.actor D.editor2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Mack’slifeisfullofupsanddowns.B.AllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltishighlythoughtof.C.Newtechnologyisusedtocreatesomethrillingscenes.D.Mack,theleadingrole,isbroughtupinthecountryside.3.WhichshowtimewillbesuitableforJelly,agirlwithhearingdisorder?A.11/7at6:15PM B.11/11at12:15PMC.11/12at8:15PM D.11/14at6:15PM【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了一部名叫“AllDirtRoadsTasteofSalt”的電影。【1題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一句“Oneofthemostvisuallystriking,profoundlymovingAmericanmoviemakingdebuts(首次亮相)inyears,RavenJackson’sAllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltisaneye-catchingimmersionintoayoungwoman’sinnerworld,filmedandeditedwithanextraordinaryattentiontothetiniestdetail.(RavenJackson《AllDirtRoadsTasteofSalt》是近年來美國電影制作中最引人注目、最感人的處女作之一，它引人注目地沉浸在一個年輕女人的內心世界中，拍攝和剪輯都非常注重最微小的細節。)”可知，RavenJackson是個導演。故選B項。【2題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一、二句“Oneofthemostvisuallystriking,profoundlymovingAmericanmoviemakingdebuts(首次亮相)inyears,RavenJackson’sAllDirtRoadsTasteofSaltisaneye-catchingimmersionintoayoungwoman’sinnerworld,filmedandeditedwithanextraordinaryattentiontothetiniestdetail.ThisimpressionisticjourneyskipsaheadandbackthroughdecadestotellthestoryofMack,whoseupbringinginruralMississippiistouchedbygrace,dottedwithheartbreak,andalwayscarriedhighintheskybythesurroundingnaturalbeauty.(RavenJackson的《AllDirtRoadsTasteofSalt》是近年來美國電影制作中最引人注目、最感人的處女作之一，它引人注目地沉浸在一個年輕女人的內心世界中，拍攝和剪輯都非常注重最微小的細節。這段前后跳躍了幾十年的印象主義旅程，講述了Mack在密西西比州農村長大的故事，他的成長經歷充滿了優雅，點綴著心碎，并總是被周圍的自然美景帶到高空。)”可知，文章中談到這部電影受到好評，男主角Mack在農村長大，他的生活充滿了起起落落。沒有提到C項，故選C項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據Pleasenote下列“OpencaptionscreeningsofthefilmwillplayonNovember8—November13,12:15PM,6:15PM(這部電影的開放字幕放映將于11月8日至11月13日下午12:15、6:15進行)”可知，11月11日下午12:15適合患有聽力障礙的女孩Jelly。故選B項。BGrowinguponamountainfarminTyrol,Fritzenjoyedwatchinghowcowsandhorsesinteractedwitheachothermorefreely,oncethey’dbeenledoutofthebarnandintopasture.Itwaswhatheobservedinhisboyhoodthattookrootinhispursuitofbecomingabiologist.Afterhefinishedhisstudyatuniversity.FritzlandedworkatAustria’sKonradLorenzResearchCenter,raisingravenchicksbyhandandteachinggraylaggeesehowtoopenboxesashepursuedhisPhD.Workingthiscloselywithfree-livinganimalswasexactlywhathe’ddreamedofasaboy.In1997,azoogavetheresearchcenteritsfirstnorthernbaldibischicks(隱鹮)Nowherenearasteachableasgeese—andnotevenclosetosuperintelligentravens—theibisesfrustratedmostofthescientists.ButFritzwasfascinated.Hedevotedhimselftotakingcareofthem.Aftertheibiseswerefirstreleasedbackintothewildmorethan20yearsago,Fritzlearnedthatspendinggenerationsinzoohadn’treducedtheirdrivetomigrate(遷徙),thoughitdidleavethemgeographicallyuninformed.Intheirsearchfor“south”,someendedupinRussia.Whattheibisesneeded,Fritzthought,wasaguide.Fritzdecidedhewouldteachthebirdsanew,safermigrationroutebyguidingthemhimselfinatinyaircraft.Andhewasconfidenthecouldsucceedinthisdaring,unconventionalplan—becausehehaddoneitbefore.“Aroundthattime,themovie‘FlyAwayHome’wasahugehitwithusbiologists,”Fritzsays.Whenheannouncedthathe’ddothesamewiththeibises,hewasinitiallylaughedat.ButFritzdidn’tgiveup.Hemodifiedanultralightaircraftsoitwouldtravelatspeedsslowenoughforhiswingedstudentstokeepup.Hehadbeenhisyoungpupils’onlyprovideroffood,loveandhugssincetheywerejustafewdaysold,andtheibiseseagerlyfollowedtheirteacher,whojusthappenedtopilotafairlynoisymachine.In2004,threeyearsaftersomeinitiallybumpy(顛簸的)experiments,FritzledthefirstbatchofbirdsfromAustriatoItaly,andhassinceled15suchmigrations.Overthattime,hehasrewilded277youngibises,manyofwhichthenstartedtopasstherouteontotheirownyoung.4.WhatdeterminedFritz’scareerchoice?A.Fritz’schildhoodobservation. B.Fritz’spassionforbiology.C.Fritz’sgrowthenvironment. D.Fritz’sinteractionwithanimals.5.Whatdisappointedthescientistsaboutibischicks?A.Theyareeasytogetlostinthemigration.B.Theyarelackinginthedesiretomigrate.C.Theyareaccustomedtothelifeinthezoo.D.Theyarestrikinglyfarfromeasytoteach.6.WhydidFritzdecidetoteachtheibisesanewmigrationroute?A.Theibisesweretooawkwardtofindanewmigrationroute.B.Theibisesneededaguideforlackofgeographicalknowledge.C.Fritzwantedtoprovethathecouldsucceedinadaringplan.DFritzwantedtorecreateatouchingsceneofapopularmovie.7.WhatisFritzlikeaccordingtothepassage?A.sensitivebutcourageous. B.innovativebutdemanding.C.persistentandinsightful. D.enthusiasticandcooperative.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了生物學家Fritz教給朱鷺一種新的遷徙路線，使這種鳥兒安全遷徙的故事。【4題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中“Itwaswhatheobservedinhisboyhoodthattookrootinhispursuitofbecomingabiologist.(正是他在少年時代的觀察，使他立志成為一名生物學家。)”可知，是Fritz童年的觀察決定了他的職業選擇。故選A項。【5題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“In1997,azoogavetheresearchcenteritsfirstnorthernbaldibischicks(隱鹮)Nowherenearasteachableasgeese—andnotevenclosetosuperintelligentravens—theibisesfrustratedmostofthescientists.(1997年，一家動物園給了研究中心第一批北方禿頭朱鹮幼鳥，它們遠不如鵝那么容易教，甚至遠不如超級聰明的烏鴉——朱鹮讓大多數科學家感到沮喪。)”可知，朱鷺幼鳥非常不容易教，這讓科學家感到失望。故選D項。【6題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Aftertheibiseswerefirstreleasedbackintothewildmorethan20yearsago,Fritzlearnedthatspendinggenerationsinzoohadn’treducedtheirdrivetomigrate(遷徙),thoughitdidleavethemgeographicallyuninformed.Intheirsearchfor‘south’,someendedupinRussia.Whattheibisesneeded,Fritzthought,wasaguide.(20多年前，朱鷺第一次被放生到野外后，Fritz了解到，在動物園里生活幾代并沒有減少它們遷徙的動力，盡管這確實讓它們對地理環境一無所知。在尋找‘南方’的過程中，一些人來到了俄羅斯。Fritz認為，朱鷺需要的是一個向導。)”可知，朱鷺缺乏地理知識，需要一個向導，所以Fritz決定教朱鷺一種新的遷徙路線。故選B項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中“Fritzdecidedhewouldteachthebirdsanew,safermigrationroutebyguidingthemhimselfinatinyaircraft.Andhewasconfidenthecouldsucceedinthisdaring,unconventionalplan—becausehehaddoneitbefore.(Fritz決定親自駕駛一架小飛機，教這些鳥一條新的、更安全的遷徙路線。而且他相信自己能在這個大膽的、非傳統的計劃中取得成功——因為他以前做過。)”、“Whenheannouncedthathe’ddothesamewiththeibises,hewasinitiallylaughedat.ButFritzdidn’tgiveup.(當他宣布他將對朱鷺做同樣的事情時，他最初遭到了嘲笑。但Fritz沒有放棄。)”以及最后一段“In2004,threeyearsaftersomeinitiallybumpy(顛簸的)experiments,FritzledthefirstbatchofbirdsfromAustriatoItaly,andhassinceled15suchmigrations.(2004年，在經歷了一些最初坎坷的實驗三年后，Fritz帶領第一批鳥類從奧地利遷徙到意大利，此后又帶領了15次這樣的遷徙。)”可知，Fritz堅持不懈并且富有洞察力。故選C項。CImaginethis:Youwalkintoaplaceandtheatmosphereislightandairy.Thesubtlescentofcoffeebeansfillstheairandeveryonethatapproachesyouisfriendlyandwelcoming.You’recomfortableandfeellikeyoubelong.Asinmostcities,it’saplacewherepeoplemeet,discussideas,andconductbusiness.AftertakingafewsipsofthatCaramelMacchiato,youimmediatelygetthatfeelingofenergyandoptimism.Perhapsit’spartlyduetothecaffeineandsugarrush,ormaybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.InDecemberof2017,Trenton’sfirstStarbuck’scaféwasopenedtothepublicat102WarrenStreet.Walkingin,peoplelivinginTrentonscreamateverythingaboutthiscafé,fromthediversebutlocalstufftotheTrentonthemeddécor(室內裝飾)andart.Tomakethingsbetter,thisStarbucksalsoservesasan“opportunitycafé”whichessentiallymeanstheyoungpeopleinourcommunitiesarerecruitedandofferedjobtrainingandemployment.Thisprogramnotonlyupliftsouryouth,butalsoincreasestheamountofminoritybusinessinthecity.Intheinterviewswithcustomers,atrendinresponsesarose.Tomany,theStarbuckswasa“favoriteplacetostopinafterwork”andprovided“averyrelaxingenvironment.”Thestaffwereoftenhighlypraised,notedasbeingfriendly,helpful,andworkinginharmony.Theinteriordécorofthecaféstruckalotofpeople’sattention,giventhefamiliarityoftheatmosphere.Paintedonthewalls,allaroundthestore,aremurals(壁畫)withbright,colorful,graffiti-likedesignsverysuigenerisinTrenton,showcasinglocalmonumentsliketheStateHouseandthefamous“TrentonMakes”bridge.ThisnewStarbucksbringsasenseofmodernitytoDowntownTrentonandremindsusthatourcityisalwaysdeveloping.Openfrom6a.m.until7p.m.everyday,thebuildingishardlyeverempty.ThisspaceismadeforeveryoneinTrenton,eventhenon-coffeelovers.8.WhatisthemajorfunctionofParagraph1inthepassage?A.Topresentanintroductiontothetopic.B.Tosetabackgroundforthemaintheme.C.Tosummarizethemainideaofthepassage.D.Todescribeacommonphenomenonforthereaders.9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.PeopleareamazedatthenumberofjobopportunitiesprovidedbytheStarbucks.B.“Opportunitycafé”programhelpsachieveboomingeconomyandbringspiritualbenefits.C.MostrespondentsregardedtheStarbucksasaharmoniousandentertainingworkplace.D.Numerouspeopleareattractedtostopinafterworkbythemuralswithoriginaldesigns.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“suigeneris”meaninParagraph3?A.Substantial. B.Delicate. C.Inspirational. D.Unique.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.StarbucksIsDesignedforEveryoneB.StarbucksGainsPopularityinTrentonC.StarbucksSetsanAtmosphereofProgressD.StarbucksCreatesMoreJobOpportunities【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了特倫頓市第一家星巴克咖啡館的開業情況及其給市民帶來的積極影響。該咖啡館不僅提供舒適的氛圍和美味的咖啡，還擔任著“機會咖啡館”的角色，為社區年輕人提供工作培訓和就業機會，促進了城市經濟的發展。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第一段中“Imaginethis:Youwalkintoaplaceandtheatmosphereislightandairy.Thesubtlescentofcoffeebeansfillstheairandeveryonethatapproachesyouisfriendlyandwelcoming.You’recomfortableandfeellikeyoubelong.Asinmostcities,it’saplacewherepeoplemeet,discussideas,andconductbusiness.AftertakingafewsipsofthatCaramelMacchiato,youimmediatelygetthatfeelingofenergyandoptimism.(想象一下：你走進一個地方，那里的氣氛明亮而通風。空氣中彌漫著咖啡豆的清香，每個接近你的人都很友好和熱情。你很舒服，覺得自己屬于這里。和大多數城市一樣，這是一個人們見面、討論想法和開展業務的地方。喝了幾口焦糖瑪奇朵后，你會立刻感到精力充沛和樂觀)”先描述一個輕松、友好且彌漫著咖啡香氣的環境，下文“Perhapsit’spartlyduetothecaffeineandsugarrush,ormaybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.(也許部分是由于咖啡因和糖的刺激，或者可能是星巴克的存在通常表明一個城市正在崛起)”接著提出本文的話題：星巴克咖啡館。由此推知，第一段的主要作用是引入主題。故選A項。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段中“maybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.(也許是因為星巴克的存在通常表明一個城市正在崛起)”和第二段中“Tomakethingsbetter,thisStarbucksalsoservesasan“opportunitycafé”whichessentiallymeanstheyoungpeopleinourcommunitiesarerecruitedandofferedjobtrainingandemployment.Thisprogramnotonlyupliftsouryouth,butalsoincreasestheamountofminoritybusinessinthecity.(更好的是，這家星巴克也作為一個“機會咖啡館”，本質上意味著我們社區的年輕人被招募并提供工作培訓和就業。這個項目不僅鼓舞了我們的年輕人，而且還增加了城市中少數族裔企業的數量)”可推知，“機會咖啡”項目可以幫助增加就業，促進經常發展，同時鼓舞年輕人，帶來精神上的益處。所以““Opportunitycafé”programhelpsachieveboomingeconomyandbringspiritualbenefits.(“機會咖啡”項目幫助實現經濟繁榮，帶來精神利益)”是正確的表述。故選B項。【10題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第三段中“Theinteriordécorofthecaféstruckalotofpeople’sattention,giventhefamiliarityoftheatmosphere.(因為它熟悉的氛圍，咖啡館的內部裝飾引起了很多人的注意)”和劃線詞下文“showcasinglocalmonumentsliketheStateHouseandthefamous“TrentonMakes”bridge.(展示了當地的紀念碑，比如州議會大廈和著名的“特倫頓制造”橋)”可推知，咖啡館內部裝飾展示的是特倫頓本地大家熟悉的事物。由此推知，“murals(壁畫)withbright,colorful,graffiti-likedesigns”是當地獨一無二的，人們熟悉的壁畫。故劃線詞suigeneris與unique同義。故選D項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結合第一段中“maybeit’sthatthepresenceofaStarbuckstypicallyindicatesacityontherise.(也許是因為星巴克的存在通常表明一個城市正在崛起)”、第二段中“InDecemberof2017,Trenton’sfirstStarbuck’scaféwasopenedtothepublicat102WarrenStreet.(2017年12月，特倫頓的第一家星巴克咖啡館在沃倫街102號向公眾開放)”和最后一段中“ThisnewStarbucksbringsasenseofmodernitytoDowntownTrentonandremindsusthatourcityisalwaysdeveloping.Openfrom6a.m.until7p.m.everyday,thebuildingishardlyeverempty.(這家新的星巴克給特倫頓市中心帶來了一種現代感，并提醒我們，我們的城市一直在發展。每天從早上6點開放到晚上7點，這家咖啡館幾乎從來沒有空過)”可知，文章介紹了特倫頓的第一家星巴克咖啡館給城市帶來了現代感，推動了城市的崛起，營造了發展的氛圍，故“StarbucksSetsanAtmosphereofProgress(星巴克營造出發展的氛圍)”是文章最佳標題。故選C項。DInrecentyearsAmericansocietyhasbecomeincreasinglydependentonitsuniversitiestofindsolutionstoitsmajorproblems.Itistheuniversitiesthathavebeentoblamefordevelopingtheexpertisetoplacemenonthemoon;fordealingwithoururbanproblemsandwithourworseningenvironment;fordevelopingthemeanstofeedtheworld’srapidlyincreasingpopulation.Theeffortinvolvedinmeetingthesedemandspresentsitsownproblems.Inaddition,however,thisconcentrationonthecreationofnewknowledgesignificantlyimpingesontheuniversities’effortstoperformtheirotherprincipalfunctions,thetransmissionandinterpretationofknowledge-theimpartingoftheheritageofthepastandthepreparingofthenextgenerationtocarryitforward.Withregardtothis,perhapstheirmosttraditionallyacknowledgedtask,collegeanduniversitiestodayfindthemselvesinaserioussituation.Ononehand,thereistheAmericancommitment,especiallysinceWorldWar

Ⅱ,toprovidehighereducationforallyoungpeoplewhocanprofitfromit.Theresultofthecommitmenthasbeenadramaticriseinenrollments(登記入學)inouruniversities,coupledwithastrikingshiftfromtheprivatetothepublicsectorofhighereducation.Ontheotherhand,thereareseriousandcontinuinglimitationsontheresourcesavailableforhighereducation.Whilehighereducationhasbecomeagreat”growthindustry“,itisalsoatthesametimeatremendousdrain(耗竭)ontheresourcesofthenation.Withthevastincreaseinenrollmentandtheshiftinprioritiesawayfromeducationinstateandfederal(聯邦的)budgets,thereisinmostofourpublicinstitutionsasignificantdecreaseinexpensesfortheirstudents.Onecrucialaspectofthisdrainonresourcesliesinthepersistentshortageoftrainedfaculty(全體教師),whichhasled,inturn,toadecliningstandardofcompetenceininstruction.Intensifyingthesedifficultiesis,asindicatedabove,theconcernwithresearch,withitsincreasingclaimsonresourcesandtheattentionofthefaculty.Inaddition,thereisastrongtendencyfortheinstitutions’organizationandfunctioningtofulfillthedemandsofresearchratherthanthoseofteaching.12.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatshouldbethemostimportantfunctionofAmericanuniversities?A.Sparingnoefforttocreatenewknowledgeforstudents.B.Enhancingstudents’competenceoftacklingsocialproblems.C.Makingexpertsonadvancedindustriesoutoftheirstudents.D.Preparingtheirstudentstotransmittheknowledgeofthepast.13.InAmericanuniversities,thereisacontradictionbetween________.A.morestudentsandlessinvestment B.educationqualityandeconomicprofitC.lowenrollmentrateandhigheducationdemand D.privateownershipandAmericancommitment14.Aseriousoutcomebroughtaboutbytheshortageofresourcesisthat________.A.manypublicinstitutionshavetocutdownenrollmentsofstudentsB.teachersarenotcompetentenoughtoperformsatisfactorilyinclassC.someinstitutionsareforcedtoreducethetotalexpensesonresearchD.thereiskeencompetitionforresourcesbetweenpublicandprivateinstitutions15.WhatworsenedtheseverityoftheproblemsfacedbyAmericanuniversities?A.TheimproperdistributionofAmericanuniversities’resources.B.TheincreasingargumentoverAmericanuniversities’primarytask.C.TheinabilityofAmericanuniversities’organizationandfulfillment.D.ThegrowingfocusonAmericanuniversities’functionofresearch.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國大學現在存在的問題。大學承擔起了開發登月技術、應對我們城市問題及日益惡化的環境、尋求方法養活全球迅速增長的人口等重任，同時，對新知識創造的高度關注，也在很大程度上影響了大學履行其其他主要職能，即傳授過去的文化遺產以及培養下一代接班人繼續傳承下去的能力，從而使美國大學面臨科研和教學無法兼顧的尷尬局面。【12題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Inaddition,however,thisconcentrationonthecreationofnewknowledgesignificantlyimpingesontheuniversities’effortstoperformtheirotherprincipalfunctions,thetransmissionandinterpretationofknowledge-theimpartingoftheheritageofthepastandthepreparingofthenextgenerationtocarryitforward.(此外，對新知識研究的關注嚴重影響大學完成其他重要任務，即知識的傳承與解釋——對過去傳統的傳播和教育年青一代并將其發揚)”可知，美國大學最重要的職能應該是讓學生做好傳遞過去知識的準備。故選D項。【13題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章第二段“Withregardtothis,perhapstheirmosttraditionallyacknowledgedtask,collegeanduniversitiestodayfindthemselvesinaserioussituation.Ononehand,thereistheAmericancommitment,especiallysinceWorldWar

Ⅱ,toprovidehighereducationforallyoungpeoplewhocanprofitfromit.Theresultofthecommitmenthasbeenadramaticriseinenrollmentsinouruniversities,coupledwithastrikingshiftfromtheprivatetothepublicsectorofhighereducation.(關于這個可能是傳統上公認的任務，如今的學院和大學發現自己處境嚴峻。一方面，美國承諾，特別是自第二次世界大戰以來，為所有能夠從中受益的年輕人提供高等教育。這一承諾的結果是，我們大學的入學人數急劇增加，同時伴隨著高等教育從私營部門向公共部門的顯著轉變)”及第三段“Ontheotherhand,thereareseriousandcontinuinglimitationsontheresourcesavailableforhighereducation.(另一方面，可用于高等教育的資源存在嚴重且持久的局限性)”可知，在美國大學里，學生多與投入少之間存在矛盾。故選A項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Onecrucialaspectofthisdrainonresourcesliesinthepersistentshortageoftrainedfaculty( 全體教師 ),whichhasled,inturn,toadecliningstandardofcompetenceininstruction.(這種資源消耗的一個關鍵方面是受過培訓的教師持續短缺，這反過來又導致教學能力水平下降)”可知，資源短缺帶來的一個嚴重后果是教師的能力不夠，無法在課堂上取得令人滿意的成績。故選B項。【15題詳解】細節理解題。根據文章最后一段“Intensifyingthesedifficultiesis,asindicatedabove,theconcernwithresearch,withitsincreasingclaimsonresourcesandtheattentionofthefaculty.Inaddition,thereisastrongtendencyfortheinstitutions’organizationandfunctioningtofulfillthedemandsofresearchratherthanthoseofteaching.(如上所述，加劇這些困難的是對研究的關注，研究對資源的需求日益增長，同時也吸引了教員的注意力。此外，學院的組織結構和運行功能更傾向于滿足研究需求而非教學需求，這一傾向也非常明顯)”可知，美國大學對研究職能的日益重視加劇了其所面臨的難題。故選D項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。There’snothingmorefrustratingthanaparentsaying“no”tosomethingyoureallywant,whetherit’sadog,oranewphone.___16___However,therearealotofsimplethingsyoucandotohelpyouconvinceyourparentstogiveyouwhatyouwant!Picktherighttimetoapproachthesubject.Usuallyfamilydinnertimeisasafebet.Itisnotagoodideatoaskforsomethingwheneitherparentseemsstressed,distracted,ortired.___17___Especiallynotifthey’reupsetatyou.Maintainacalmtoneduringthetalk.Askingforsomethingcanbeanemotionalexperience:youmightfeelpassionateaboutthethingyou’reaskingfor,andyoumightfeelangryorfrustratedifyourparentssayno.___18___Studiesshownegotiationismoresuccessfulifit’sdonepeacefullyandrationally.Bepatientandgivethemtimetothinkaboutit.___19___Tellthemtogetbacktoyouinacouplehoursordayswithanyquestionsorconcernstheyhave.Letthemknowthatyouwanttodiscussthisasmature,responsibleadultsandyouarewillingtoworkthroughanypotentialissues.Sayitlikethat,andyou’llbesuretoimpressthemwithhowwell-roundedandbalancedyourargumentis.___20___Beforeyougotoyourparentstoaskforthatnewpuppy,makesureyouknowexactlywhatadoptingapetrequires.Havingagoodunderstandingofwhatyou’llbeaskingyourparentsaboutwillhelpyoupresentyourcasesuccessfully;byknowingyourtopicinsideandout,you’llhaveconfidentanswersfortheir(many,many)questions.A.Understandyourparents’currentfeelingsaboutyourrequirement.B.Dobackgroundresearchonthethingyouwant.C.You’dbetterneverforcethemtogiveyouananswerrightaway.D.Youshouldtrytokeepyourheadalltheway.E.Youwon’talwaysbeabletopersuadeyourparentstoseethingsyourway.F.It’sgoodtodiscusswithyourparentsaboutwhatyouneedatthattime.G.Don’tbringitupwhenthey’renotinagoodmood.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.C20.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了幫助說服父母同意自己想要的東西的幾個方法。【16題詳解】根據下文“However,therearealotofsimplethingsyoucandotohelpyouconvinceyourparentstogiveyouwhatyouwant!(然而，你可以做很多簡單的事情來幫助你說服你的父母給你想要的)”可知，空處與下文是轉折關系，是描述無法說服父母的情況，E項“你不可能總能說服你的父母站在你的角度看問題”符合語境，故選E。【17題詳解】根據本段主題句“Picktherighttimetoapproachthesubject.(選擇合適的時間接近主題)”以及空前“Itisnotagoodideatoaskforsomethingwheneitherparentseemsstressed,distracted,ortired.(當父母一方看起來有壓力、心煩意亂或疲憊時，向父母要東西并不是一個好主意)”可知，本段是說向父母提要求的合適時機，G項“不要在他們心情不好的時候提起這件事”符合語境，故選G。【18題詳解】根據本段主題句“Maintainacalmtoneduringthetalk.(在談話中保持冷靜的語氣)”以及下文“Studiesshownegotiationismoresuccessfulifit’sdonepeacefullyandrationally.(研究表明，和平理性的談判更容易成功)”可知，本段是說要保持冷靜，D項“你應該一直保持頭腦清醒”符合語境，故選D。【19題詳解】根據本段主題句“Bepatientandgivethemtimetothinkaboutit.(要有耐心，給他們時間去思考)”以及下文“Tellthemtogetbacktoyouinacouplehoursordayswithanyquestionsorconcernstheyhave.(告訴他們如果有任何問題或擔心，幾個小時或幾天后再來找你)”可知，本段是說要給父母時間思考，C項“你最好不要強迫他們馬上給你答復”與本段語義一致，故選C。【20題詳解】根據下文“Beforeyougotoyourparentstoaskforthatnewpuppy,makesureyouknowexactlywhatadoptingapetrequires.(在你去找父母要一只新的小狗之前，確保你確切地知道收養寵物需要什么)”可知，本段是說在向父母提要求前做好背景調查，B項“對你想要的東西做背景調查”適合作為主題句，故選B。第三部分：語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IcouldfeeltheexcitementrisinginmeasIheldthebeautifullywrappedpresentinmyhands.Unableto___21___mycuriosityanylonger,Irippeditopen,surprisedtoseeabrand-newlaptop.Iwas___22___withitforscoringstraight“A”sformyexaminations.Ihadalways___23___myfriendswhowereexchangingnewsabout“chatrooms”,“instantmessaging”and“emailing”,allofwhichIknewnothingabout.NowIwasgoingto___24___.Itstartedout___25___enough.IwasjustsearchingforsomeinformationonlinewhenI___26___asocialnetworkingsite.SoonIbecame___27___tomynew-foundelectronicfriend,begantospendmoretimeonYouTube,andevenbecameenslavedbyFacebookandTwitter.Neverinmy___28___dreamshadIthoughtaboutthedaywhenIwassofocusedontheglowingscreenbeforeme.Astimepassed,itevencametoa___29___w