浙江省寧波市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題姓名：__________班級(jí)：__________考號(hào)：__________題號(hào)一二三四五總分評(píng)分一、閱讀理解閱讀理解Chinaisoneoftheworld'sancientcivilizationsandhastheearliestoutstandingbronzecasting(青銅冶鑄)technology.Herewe'vecreatedalistof4museumswhereyoucangainanin-depthunderstandingofChinesebronze.SanxingduiMuseumAddress:SanxingduiRuinSite,133XiangxinRoad,Guanghan,Deyang,SichuanprovinceHours:ComprehensiveGallery(thefirstexhibitionhall):8:30-18:00;BronzeGallery(thesecondexhibitionhall):8:30-18:30.(noentryafter17:00).ClosedMondaysTicketbookingeneraladmission:Galleryticket80yuanNote:Childrenshorterthan1.2m(including1.2m)canvisitthegalleryfreeofcharge.Theticketmustbeusedonthedayitissold.NationalMuseumofChinaAddress:EastsideofTian'anmenSquare,Dongchengdistrict,BeijingHours:8:30-17:00(noentryafter16:30)Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry).ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)E-mail:webmaster@chnmuseum.cnShanghaiMuseumAddress:201RenminAvenue,Huangpudistrict,ShanghaiHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00).ClosedonthemorningofChineseNewYear'sEveE-mail:webmaster@shanghai-museum.orgGeneraladmission:Free(amaxof8,000admitteddaily).HunanMuseumAddress:50DongfengRoad,Changsha,HunanprovinceHours:9:00-17:00(noentryafter16:00).ClosedMondays(exceptfornationalholidays)andtheeveofChineseNewYearTel:(+86-731)84415833,84475933E-mail:web@hnmuseum.comGeneraladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry).Formoreinformation,clickhere.1．WhichmuseumshouldyouchooseforyourfamilytovisitnextMonday?A．ShanghaiMuseum. B．HunanMuseum.C．SanxingduiMuseum. D．NationalMuseumofChina.2．WhatdoHunanMuseumandNationalMuseumofChinainthispassagehaveincommon?A．Theyarefreetochildrenunder12.B．Theycloseonnationalholidays.C．Theycanbereservedthroughe-mail.D．Theyneedapassportforentry.3．Whereisthetextprobablycomefrom?A．Awebsite. B．Anewspaper.C．Atraveljournal. D．Ahistorybook.閱讀理解Learninganylanguageishard,butlearningEnglishcanbeespeciallychallenging.Why?Becausenativespeakersusethelanguageinwaysthattextbookscouldneverdescribe.Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratchtheirheads.Here'sanexample:YouoverhearaBritoncallingsomeonea"wazzock".Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere'snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat.TherearemanystrangetermslikethisinBritishEnglish—theOxfordEnglishDictionarywouldbemuchsmallerwithouttheseoddusagesfillingitspages.Howcantheseoddwordsbeexplained?PartoftheansweristheBritishsenseofhumor.Britonsdon'tliketotakethingstooseriously,andthisisevidentthroughmanyBritishwordsandphrases.Forexample,to"spendapenny"meanstousethebathroom.Itreferstothedayswhenpeoplehadtopayapennytouseapublictoilet.InaninterviewfortheBBC'swebsite,BritishlinguistDavidCrystalsuggestedtheremaybehistoricalreasonsforthelargenumberofoddwordsandphrasesinBritishEnglish.Hethinksthattheybeganinthelate16thandearly17thcenturies.Thiswasagreatageforthetheater,whenShakespeareandotherwritersworkedhardtokeepupwiththedemandfornewplays.Thetheater'spopularityalsocreatedanincentivetoinventnewwords.Withthisinmind,perhapsShakespeareandhispeersaretoblameforunusualBritishwordssuchas"codswallop"and"balderdash"—whichboth,mean"nonsense".Whilethesestrangewordsmaybeconfusingtonon-nativespeakers,theycertainlymakestudyingEnglishalotmoreinteresting.4．Accordingtothetext,whymaynon-nativespeakersfinditmorechallengingtolearnEnglish?A．Dictionariesaretoocomplicatedtounderstand.B．TheEnglishvocabularyistoolargeforthemtolearn.C．Alargenumberofstrangeexpressionsconfusethem.D．TheEnglishtextbookstheyuseareusuallyoutofdate.5．Withtheexampleof"theOxfordEnglishDictionary"inParagraph2,theauthorintendsto____.A．stressthelargenumberofstrangetermsB．explaintheoriginofthestrangephrasesC．showBritishpeople'sattitudetowardsoddphrasesD．showtheusefulnessoftheOxfordEnglishDictionary6．Whichofthefollowingwordshasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedword"incentive"inParagraph4?A．concern B．inspiration C．a(chǎn)pplication D．opinion7．Whatisthetoneoftheauthorinwritingthearticle?A．Aerious. B．Anxious. C．Indifferent. D．Humorous.閱讀理解OnApril18—theInternationalDayforMonumentsandSites,ChinaDaily'sdigitalemployeeYuanxiandDunhuangMogaoGrottoes'officialvirtualcartoonfigureJiayaotogetherintroducedaninteractivedigitalplatformthathostsavirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes'LibraryCave(藏經(jīng)洞)totheworld.TheplatformwasdevelopedjointlybytheDunhuangAcademyandtheChinesetechfirmTencent.ItusesgamingtechnologiestoshowthehistoricalscenesoftheLibraryCaveinthedigitalworld.TheLibraryCaveinMogaoGrottoeswasdiscoveredin1900,withmorethan60,000culturalrelicsdatingfromthe4thcenturytothe11thcenturyunearthed.Itwasoneofthemostimportantarchaeologicaldiscoveriesinthe20thcentury.Ontheplatform,visitorscanrole-playand"timetravel"toancientdynastiesandtalkwitheighthistoricalfigures.ThepubliccanentertheplatformthroughtheDigitalDunhuangwebsiteanditsWeChatminiprogram.Inthedigitalage,themodelof"culture+technology"hasbeenintroducedtofacilitatethedevelopmentofChineseculture.ThedigitalizationrateofChina'spreciousculturalrelicsisnowover70percent,accordingtothe2022ChinaDigitalCollectionIndustryResearchReportreleasedbyiResearch.InstitutionssuchasthePalaceMuseumhavealsostartedonlinedigitalservicesoftheirown.Artificialintelligence(AI)technologyallowsthepublictoviewtheinteriorofthebuildingsthroughthePalaceMuseum'sWeChatminiprogram.TheMinistryofCultureandTourismhasalsoencouragedthedevelopmentandtransformationofculturalintellectualproperty(知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán))bydigitalmeans.ChinaCentralTelevisionhascreatedaseriesofdigitalcollectionswithdifferentDunhuangthemes,suchastheDunhuangdivinedeer(神鹿)Youyou.Itwascreatedbasedontheimageofthenine-coloreddeerfromDunhuangmurals(壁畫).ThepubliccanseethedivinedeeronCCTV'sowndigitalplatform.Digitalcollectionscatertotheconsumptionhabitsofyoungpeople,whogrowupintheinformationage.TheynotonlyprotecttheintellectualpropertyofthecollectionsbutalsobringthepublicclosertoChina's"excellenttraditionalculture",notedDunhuangArtInstitute.SuBomin,directoroftheDunhuangAcademy,toldXinhuathatmoreeffortswillbemadetoexplorenewformsforshowingculturalrelicsandofferthepublicgreaterculturalexperiencestodevelopDunhuangculture.8．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthevirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes'LibraryCaveistrue?A．ItwasdevelopedbytheDunhuangAcademyalone.B．ThepubliccanhaveaccesstoitthroughWechatminiprogram.C．Ithasappliedthelatesttime-travelingandgamingtechnology.D．Itwasunearthedin1900withmorethan60,000culturalrelics.9．Whatisthepurposeofthemodelof"culture+technology"?A．Toshowthelatestgamingtechnologies.B．Tohelpculturalinstitutionsmakeaprofit.C．TopromotethedevelopmentofChineseculture.D．ToencouragepeopletoexploreChineseculturalrelics.10．HowdoestheauthorintroducethesuccessofdigitalcollectionsinParagraph7?A．Bylistingfigures. B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Bygivingdefinitions. D．Bygivingexamples.11．Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?A．China'snewwayinrebuildingMogaoGrottoes'LibraryCave.B．China'ssuccessinpromotingthedigitizationrateofculturalrelics.C．China'sinteractivedigitalplatformindevelopingDunhuangculture.D．China'slatestadvancesinthedevelopmentofculturalintellectualproperty.閱讀理解Eachyear,thediscoveryofnewsharkspeciesunderlineshowlittleweknowaboutoceanbiodiversity.InarecentreportconductedbySibertandRubin,theyreportedanunexpectedfinding:alarge-scaleextinctionofsharksinthepelagicocean,thelargestecosystemonEarth,about19millionyearsago.Theirdiscoverysuggeststhatsomeextinctionsintheopenseaofthepastmayhavebeenmysterious.ThestudyofSibertandRubintakesadvantageofasystembyusingtiny,hardbitsofsharkskinandbonyfishteeththatnaturallyfallfromtheirbodiestotheseafloor.Theseextremelysmallfossilsprovidearichrecordofancientoceanicsharksandtheirabundanceforthousandsofyears.Bystudyingfossilsfrommanyregions,thediversitypatternscangivemajorinsightsintoevolution(進(jìn)化)oftheopenseathatwouldbeotherwiseunknown.SibertandRubinquantified(量化)apastextinctionofsharks,reportinga90%declineinnumberand>70%dropindiversity.Theyfoundthatnearer-shoresharksappeartosurvive,butmigratoryonesgoextinct.Thefindingofthisstudyisthatsharkshadundergoneawidespreadextinctionthatreorganizedtheircommunitiesfrom16millionto20millionyearsago.SibertandRubinnarrowedthedisappearanceofsharkstoawindowoftimeunder100,000yearsaround19millionyearsago,butthecausesofthiseventremainunclear.Becausethistimeperioddoesnotstandoutasaperiodofmajorclimaticchange,theauthorsdonotattribute(歸因于)environmentalfactorsasanextinctiondriver.Asforothercauses,thelossofsharkdiversityisdirectlylinkedtooverfishing.Thelossofsharksfromtheoceanshasprofound,complex,andunavoidableecologicalconsequencesbecausetheirpresencereflectsthestabilityofmarineecosystems.Yet,one-quarteroftheglobaldiversityofsharksiscurrentlythreatenedwithextinction.Despiterecentimprovementsinconservationactions,sharkcommunitiesneverrecoveredfromamysteriousextinctionevent19millionyearsago;theecologicalfateofwhatremainsisnowinourhands.12．WhatdidSibertandRubinfind?A．Thenegativeimpactoftheextinctionofsharks.B．Themysteriousreasonsbehindthedisappearanceofsharks.C．Themostrecentadvancesinthestudyofthelargestecosystem.D．Thelarge-scaledeclineinthenumberofsharksabout19millionyearsago.13．HowdidSibertandRubinconducttheirstudy?A．Bycollectingandanalyzingsharkfossilsworldwide.B．Byquantifyingthemovementofnear-shoresharks.C．Byusingasystemtostudythenaturallyfallenbitsfromsharks.D．Bykeepingtrackofancientoceanicsharksandtheiractivities.14．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A．Overfishingispartlytoblameforthelossofsharkdiversity.B．Thenumberofsharkshasrecoveredtoitspreviouslevel.C．Scientisthavefiguredouttheexactcausesofsharks'extinction.D．Sharkshadundergoneawidespreadextinctionduetotheclimatechange.15．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Sharks:TheStoriesbehindThemB．Sharks:TheMarineMastersC．Sharks:KillersorMisunderstood?D．Sharks:TheMysteriousExtinction任務(wù)型閱讀Anearthquakehappenswhentwoplatesrubtogether.Theearthplatestravelindifferentdirectionsandatdifferentspeeds.16．Inotherwords,earthquakesaretheshakingoftheearth'ssurfacecausedbytheearth'srockyouterlayer.Theenergystoredwithinissuddenlyreleased.Thedamageanearthquakecausesdependsonwhereitisandwhenitishappening.Ifanunpopulatedregionisstruck,therewillbelowlossoflifeorproperty.17．Manyoftheareasatriskarelargelypopulatednow.Majorearthquakeshittingthoseareastodaycouldproduceterribledamage.18．Fortunately,however,mostofthemareunnoticedtothepublicbecauseofthesmallRichterscale(震級(jí)).Butlargeearthquakessuchasthe1964Alaskanquakethatmeasured9.2ontheRichterscale,cancausemillionsofdollarsindamage.19．In1972,aseriesofsevereearthquakesstruckManagua,Nicaragua.Fifteenyearslater,thecitystilllookedthewayithadaweekaftertheearthquakehit,becausethecitywasinsuchamessthatitdidn'thavethemoneynecessarytorebuildit.Theshakingoftheearthissometimesnotthegreatestdisaster.20．Inthe1906earthquake,itwasthefirescausedafteritthatdidthemajorityofthedamage.Anearthquakecanalsodestroydamshighaboveacityorvalleys,causingfloodstosweepawayeverythingintheirpath.A.Actually,thereareseveralmillionsmallearthquakeseveryyear.B.Itisinthefiresandfloodsthatoftenthegreatestdamageoccurs.C.Throughouthistory,therearenumerousdestructivebigearthquakes.D.Ifithitsalargecity,theremaybemanyinjuriesandmuchdestruction.E.Soitisofgreatimportancetopredictthemovementsoftheearthplates.F.Ifoneplateisslowlyforcedundertheother,pressurebuildsupuntiltheplatesbreakapart.G.Thedestructivedamageofanearthquakecancontinueforyearsafterthefirstshake.二、完形填空完形填空WhenIwasgrowingup,IhadanoldneighbournamedDrGibbs.Hedidn'tlooklikeanydoctorI'deverknown.Henever21．a(chǎn)tusforplayinginhisyard.Irememberhimassomeonewhowasalotnicerthanmostoftheadultsinourcommunity.WhenDrGibbswasn'tsavinglives,hewasplantingtrees.Hishousesatontenacres,andhislife'sgoalwastomakeita22．.Thegooddoctorhadsome23．theoriesconcerningplantcareandgrowth.Heneverwateredhisnewtrees,whichflewinthefaceofconventional(傳統(tǒng)的)wisdom.OnceIaskedwhy.Hesaidthatwateringplants24．themsothateachfollowingtreegenerationwouldgrow25．.Soyouhavetomakethings26．forthemandweedout(淘汰)theweakertreesearlyon.Hetalkedabouthowwateringtreesmadeforshallowroots,andhowtreesthatweren'twateredhadtogrowdeeproots27．water.Itookhimtomeanthatdeeprootsweretobe28．.DrGibbs29．a(chǎn)coupleofyearsafterIlefthome.Everynowandagain,IwalkedbyhishouseandlookedatthetreesthatI'dwatchedhimplantsometwenty-fiveyearsago.They'reextremelytall,bigsincetheyhavedeep30．now.However,thetreesinmygarden31．inacoldwindalthoughIhadwateredthemforseveralyears.Itseemedthatadversitybenefitedthesetreesinways32．nevercould.Istoodtheredeep33．.EverynightbeforeIgotobed,Icheckonmytwosons.Istandoverthemandwatchtheirlittlebodies,34．oflifewithin.Ioftenprayforthem.MostlyIpraythattheirliveswillbeeasy.ButIthinkit'stimetochangemyprayerbecausenowIknowmychildrenaregoingtoencounter35．.21．A．yelled B．smiled C．laughed D．glanced22．A．desert B．reserve C．forest D．wetland23．A．a(chǎn)nnoying B．upsetting C．demanding D．interesting24．A．spoiled B．benefited C．impressed D．struck25．A．shorter B．weaker C．stronger D．taller26．A．convenient B．rough C．a(chǎn)ccessible D．easy27．A．inmemoryof B．inplaceofC．insearchof D．incaseof28．A．wasted B．planted C．cut D．treasured29．A．brokeaway B．passedawayC．gaveaway D．putaway30．A．roots B．branches C．trunks D．leaves31．A．grew B．ruined C．trembled D．revived32．A．challenge B．a(chǎn)nxiety C．survival D．comfort33．A．inthought B．inpain C．inpeace D．indespair34．A．thebackandforth B．theupsanddownsC．therisingandfalling D．thecomingandgoing35．A．failure B．hardship C．well-being D．Freedom三、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Acupuncture(針灸),36．a(chǎn)ncientChinesemedicalpractice,hasbeenthetreatmentforcountlesspatientsforthousandsofyears.Uptonow,thispractice37．(become)acomprehensiveandprofoundmedicalsystem.Acupunctureisan38．(amaze)treatmentaimingtopromotethebody'sself-regulatingfunctions.ItsprinciplesareinlinewiththeideasoftraditionalChinesemedicine,39．emphasizesbalanceofbodilyfunctionsandoverallwell-being.Practicescanvaryinforms,includingneedleinsertion,cuppingandscraping.Needleinsertioniscarried40．byinsertinghair-thinneedlesintospecific41．(point)onthebodythatchannelenergy(theqi).Acupuncturehasbeenconsideredeffective,particularlywhen42．(use)alongsidewithmodernmedicine.43．itsancientChineseorigins,itisbeingusedin113ofWHO's120membercountriesnow,showingitswidespread44．(recognize).AsanancientChinesemedicalpractice,acupuncturehasearned45．(it)agreatreputationacrosstheworldwithmagicaleffect.四、書信寫作46．假定你是李華，你的朋友Jack最近寫信向你求助，信中提到了自己最近染上了網(wǎng)癮，請(qǐng)你寫信告知他網(wǎng)癮的危害，并提出一些建議。內(nèi)容如下：1.說(shuō)明網(wǎng)癮的危害；2.提出建議。網(wǎng)癮networkaddiction注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJack,Yourssincerely,LiHua五、書面表達(dá)47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。AllIdidwasshowmylittlesisterhowtogrowplants.Digahole.Putinaseed.Coveritwithdirt.Waterit.Wait."See,Laynie,"Iexplained,"awholeplantwillgrowfromthistinyseed.Allwehavetodoiswaterit."Layniehadherownwateringcansoshecould"help"meinthegarden.Oneday,aftereverythingwaswatered,shesaid,"Weforgotsomething,Brad."Sherantothefenceandstartedsprinklingwateronanotherspot.Iwalkedoverandsawafreshpatchofdirtnearthefence."Didyouplantsomethingthere?"Iasked."Yes,"shesaid."I'mgrowingapencil."Shestoppedsprinkling."Mypurplepencilgottoosmall,soIplantedit,thewayyousaid.""But,Laynie—""Howlongdoesittaketogrowanewpencil?"Ishouldhaveexplainedthingsrightthen,butIjustmuttered,"Uh...Inevergrewonebefore."LaterIgotwhatseemedlikeagreatidea.IdugupLaynie'spenciland"planted"abrand-newpurplepencil.Ifixeditwiththeeraserstickingup.Layniewasreallyexcitedwhenshesawit."Mypencilgrew!"sheshouted.Shedrewpictureswithitallafternoon.Afewdayslater,Layniewaswateringthesamespot."Howlongdoesittaketogrowcrayons?"sheasked."Ican'twait!"shesquealed,giggling...Shesquatteddownandwhispered,"Grow.Comeon,grow."Twodayslater,newcrayonssproutedtheirpointylittleheads,thankstome.Layniejumpedupanddownandyelled,"Theylooklikeflowers!"She"picked"themandranintothehouse.GrandmathoughtLayniewascutewhensheclaimedthatshehadgrownthesethings.Ijustkeptmymouthshut!Actually,itwasfuntryingtothinkofwhatshouldgrowfromLaynie's"seeds."Anditwascooltoseehergetexcited.OnedayIsawherpattingdownsomedirt,soIknewshe'djustplantedsomething."Whatisitthistime?"Iasked."It'sMolly."Igasped.MollywasLaynie'sgoldfish!"Shejumpedoutofherbowlagain,"Layniesaid."Grandmasaidwedidn'tfindherintime."ThenLayniepickedupherlittlewateringcanandstartedsprinklingthatspot.Myheartdroppedtomyfeetwhensheasked,"Howlongdoesittaketogrowagoldfish,Brad?"Shekneltdowntowhisper"Grow,Molly.Grow!"beforesheskippedbacktothehouse.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。IsatdownwithmybacktothefenceandwonderedwhatIshoulddothen.Ihuggedhertightlyandsuggested,"HowaboutafuneralforMolly?"

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．D3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了中國(guó)四大博物館——三星堆博物館、中國(guó)國(guó)家博物館、上海博物館和湖南博物館。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。縱觀全文可知，除了ShanghaiMuseum，其它三大博物館都沒(méi)有提及"ClosedMondays"星期一休息，可知，下周一家人去參觀博物館，應(yīng)該選擇上海博物館。故選A。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)NationalMuseumofChina和HunanMuseum都提及到"Generaladmission:Free(passportrequiredforentry)."普通門票：免費(fèi)（需持護(hù)照入場(chǎng)）。可知，湖南博物館和中國(guó)國(guó)家博物館共同之處在于它們需要護(hù)照才能入場(chǎng)。故選D。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一句"Formoreinformation,clickhere."欲了解更多信息，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊這里。可知，這篇文章可能來(lái)一個(gè)網(wǎng)站。故選A。【答案】4．C5．A6．B7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，講述了英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)大量奇怪單詞的原因。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Becausenativespeakersusethelanguageinwaysthattextbookscouldneverdescribe.Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratchtheirheads."因?yàn)槟刚Z(yǔ)為英語(yǔ)的人使用這種語(yǔ)言的方式是教科書無(wú)法描述的。特別是，英國(guó)人使用的單詞會(huì)讓許多語(yǔ)言專業(yè)的學(xué)生撓頭；以及第二段中的"Here'sanexample:YouoverhearaBritoncallingsomeonea‘wazzock'.Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere'snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat."舉個(gè)例子：你無(wú)意中聽(tīng)到一個(gè)英國(guó)人叫某人"wazzock"。但wazzock到底是什么？事實(shí)上，這個(gè)詞的意思是愚蠢的人，盡管它沒(méi)有什么能幫助你猜測(cè)的。可推知，母語(yǔ)非英語(yǔ)的人之所以會(huì)覺(jué)得學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)很難是因?yàn)樵S多奇怪的詞對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)毫無(wú)意義，會(huì)讓他們覺(jué)得非常的困惑。故選C。5．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段"Here'sanexample:YouoverhearaBritoncallingsomeonea‘wazzock'.Butwhatexactlyisawazzock?Thisword,infact,meansafoolishperson,althoughthere'snothingaboutitthatwouldhelpyouguessthat.TherearemanystrangetermslikethisinBritishEnglish—theOxfordEnglishDictionarywouldbemuchsmallerwithouttheseoddusagesfillingitspages."舉個(gè)例子：你無(wú)意中聽(tīng)到一個(gè)英國(guó)人叫某人"wazzock"。但wazzock到底是什么？事實(shí)上，這個(gè)詞的意思是愚蠢的人，盡管它沒(méi)有什么能幫助你猜測(cè)的。英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中有很多奇怪的術(shù)語(yǔ)，如果沒(méi)有這些奇怪的用法，《牛津英語(yǔ)詞典》就會(huì)小得多。可知，第二段以《牛津英語(yǔ)字典》為例，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)英語(yǔ)詞匯中有大量的奇怪的術(shù)語(yǔ)。故選A。6．考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Thiswasagreatageforthetheater,whenShakespeareandotherwritersworkedhardtokeepupwiththedemandfornewplays."他認(rèn)為它們始于16世紀(jì)末和17世紀(jì)初。這對(duì)戲劇來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)偉大的時(shí)代，莎士比亞和其他作家努力滿足對(duì)新劇的需求；以及"Thetheater'spopularity"劇院的受歡迎程度；和"toinventnewwords"發(fā)明新詞，可知，16世紀(jì)末和17世紀(jì)初對(duì)戲劇來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)偉大的時(shí)代，劇院也同時(shí)受到了大眾的歡迎，從而激發(fā)了人們發(fā)明新詞。所以劃線詞incentive的意思為"啟發(fā)，激發(fā)"。故選B。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Inparticular,wordsthatBritishpeopleusecausemanylanguagestudentstoscratchtheirheads."特別是，英國(guó)人使用的單詞會(huì)讓許多語(yǔ)言專業(yè)的學(xué)生撓頭；第三段中的"Forexample,to‘spendapenny'meanstousethebathroom.Itreferstothedayswhenpeoplehadtopayapennytouseapublictoilet."例如，"花一分錢"的意思是使用衛(wèi)生間。它指的是人們必須花一分錢才能使用公共廁所的日子；以及全文可知，作者在文中用了詼諧的單詞，舉了一些有趣的例子。可推知，作者寫這篇文章的語(yǔ)氣是幽默的。故選D。【答案】8．B9．C10．D11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，報(bào)道了《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》聯(lián)手敦煌莫高窟官方虛擬卡通人物"伽瑤"向世人介紹了一個(gè)互動(dòng)數(shù)字平臺(tái)，該平臺(tái)存有敦煌莫高窟藏經(jīng)洞的虛擬副本，并講述了用數(shù)字工具弘揚(yáng)中國(guó)文化遺產(chǎn)的作用。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇新聞報(bào)道，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"ThepubliccanentertheplatformthroughtheDigitalDunhuangwebsiteanditsWeChatminiprogram."公眾可以通過(guò)數(shù)字敦煌網(wǎng)站及其微信小程序進(jìn)入該平臺(tái)。可推斷，公眾可以通過(guò)小程序進(jìn)入該平臺(tái)。故選B。9．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的"Inthedigitalage,themodelof‘culture+technology'hasbeenintroducedtofacilitatethedevelopmentofChineseculture."在數(shù)字時(shí)代，"文化+科技"的模式被引入，促進(jìn)了中國(guó)文化的發(fā)展。可推知，該模式的引入是為了促進(jìn)中國(guó)文化的發(fā)展。故選C。10．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第七段中的"ChinaCentralTelevisionhascreatedaseriesofdigitalcollectionswithdifferentDunhuangthemes,suchastheDunhuangdivinedeer(神鹿)Youyou.Itwascreatedbasedontheimageofthenine-coloreddeerfromDunhuangmurals(壁畫).ThepubliccanseethedivinedeeronCCTV'sowndigitalplatform."中央電視臺(tái)制作了一系列不同敦煌主題的數(shù)字合集，比如敦煌神鹿。它是根據(jù)敦煌壁畫中的九色鹿形象創(chuàng)作的。公眾可以在央視自己的數(shù)字平臺(tái)上看到神鹿。該段提到了中央電視臺(tái)也制作了一系列的敦煌主題數(shù)字合集，同時(shí)舉出九色鹿的神鹿形象作為例子。故選D。11．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段"OnApril18—theInternationalDayforMonumentsandSites,ChinaDaily'sdigitalemployeeYuanxiandDunhuangMogaoGrottoes'officialvirtualcartoonfigureJiayaotogetherintroducedaninteractivedigitalplatformthathostsavirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes'LibraryCave(藏經(jīng)洞)totheworld."4月18日，國(guó)際古跡遺址日，《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》數(shù)字員工袁西與敦煌莫高窟官方虛擬人物"伽瑤"共同推出了一個(gè)互動(dòng)數(shù)字平臺(tái)，向世界展示了莫高窟圖書館洞的虛擬副本。可推斷，文章圍繞敦煌文化數(shù)字平臺(tái)展開(kāi)，這一創(chuàng)作方式也拉進(jìn)歷史與公眾的距離。故選C。【答案】12．D13．C14．A15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了西伯特和魯賓利用了一個(gè)系統(tǒng)研究了海洋中的鯊魚大規(guī)模滅絕的原因。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和標(biāo)題歸納兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"InarecentreportconductedbySibertandRubin,theyreportedanunexpectedfinding:alarge-scaleextinctionofsharksinthepelagicocean,thelargestecosystemonEarth,about19millionyearsago."在西伯特和魯賓最近的一份報(bào)告中，他們報(bào)告了一個(gè)意想不到的發(fā)現(xiàn)：大約1900萬(wàn)年前，地球上最大的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，中上層海洋中的鯊魚大規(guī)模滅絕。可知，西伯特和魯賓發(fā)現(xiàn)大約1900萬(wàn)年前，中上層海洋中的鯊魚大規(guī)模滅絕。因此，西伯特和魯賓發(fā)現(xiàn)了大約1900萬(wàn)年前鯊魚數(shù)量的大規(guī)模下降，故選D。13．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"ThestudyofSibertandRubintakesadvantageofasystembyusingtiny,hardbitsofsharkskinandbonyfishteeththatnaturallyfallfromtheirbodiestotheseafloor."西伯特和魯賓的研究利用了一種利用鯊魚皮和硬骨魚牙齒的微小硬塊的系統(tǒng)，這些碎片自然地從它們的身體上掉到海底。可知，西伯特和魯賓的研究利用了利用了鯊魚皮膚和硬骨魚牙齒的微小、堅(jiān)硬的碎片，這些碎片自然地從它們的身體上掉到海底，因此，"通過(guò)使用一種系統(tǒng)來(lái)研究鯊魚自然掉落的碎片"是西伯特和魯賓進(jìn)行他們的研究的方式，故選C。14．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"Asforothercauses,thelossofsharkdiversityisdirectlylinkedtooverfishing."至于其他原因，鯊魚多樣性的喪失與過(guò)度捕撈直接相關(guān)。可知，鯊魚多樣性的喪失與過(guò)度捕撈直接相關(guān)，故選A。15．考查標(biāo)題歸納。根據(jù)第一段中的"InarecentreportconductedbySibertandRubin,theyreportedanunexpectedfinding:alarge-scaleextinctionofsharksinthepelagicocean,thelargestecosystemonEarth,about19millionyearsago.Theirdiscoverysuggeststhatsomeextinctionsintheopenseaofthepastmayhavebeenmysterious."在西伯特和魯賓最近的一份報(bào)告中，他們報(bào)告了一個(gè)意想不到的發(fā)現(xiàn)：大約1900萬(wàn)年前，地球上最大的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，中上層海洋中的鯊魚大規(guī)模滅絕。他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，過(guò)去公海上的一些物種滅絕可能是神秘的。可知，本文主要闡述了西伯特和魯賓利用了一個(gè)系統(tǒng)研究了海洋中的鯊魚大規(guī)模滅絕的原因。"鯊魚:神秘的滅絕"適合作本文標(biāo)題，故選D。【答案】16．F；17．D；18．A；19．G；20．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了地震形成的原因、影響等。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查七選五，本文是一篇科普類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Anearthquakehappenswhentwoplatesrubtogether.Theearthplatestravelindifferentdirectionsandatdifferentspeeds."當(dāng)兩個(gè)板塊相互摩擦?xí)r，就會(huì)發(fā)生地震。地球板塊以不同的方向和速度運(yùn)動(dòng)。可知，本空要說(shuō)跟"運(yùn)動(dòng)導(dǎo)致地震"有關(guān)的話題，F(xiàn).Ifoneplateisslowlyforcedundertheother,pressurebuildsupuntiltheplatesbreakapart."如果一個(gè)板塊被慢慢壓在另一個(gè)板塊下面，壓力就會(huì)積聚起來(lái)，直到板塊破裂。"承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。17．根據(jù)空后"Manyoftheareasatriskarelargelypopulatednow.Majorearthquakeshittingthoseareastodaycouldproduceterribledamage."許多面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的地區(qū)現(xiàn)在人口眾多。今天襲擊這些地區(qū)的大地震可能會(huì)造成可怕的破壞。可知，本空要說(shuō)跟"大地震襲擊人口眾多地區(qū)"有關(guān)的話題，D.Ifithitsalargecity,theremaybemanyinjuriesandmuchdestruction."如果它襲擊一個(gè)大城市，可能會(huì)有很多人受傷和造成很大破壞。"引起下文，也能與上文"Ifanunpopulatedregionisstruck,therewillbelowlossoflifeorproperty."如果一個(gè)無(wú)人居住的地區(qū)被襲擊，生命或財(cái)產(chǎn)損失將很低，形成對(duì)比。故選D。18．根據(jù)空后"Fortunately,however,mostofthemareunnoticedtothepublicbecauseofthesmallRichterscale(震級(jí)).Butlargeearthquakessuchasthe1964Alaskanquakethatmeasured9.2ontheRichterscale,cancausemillionsofdollarsindamage."然而，幸運(yùn)的是，由于里氏震級(jí)較小，大多數(shù)地震都沒(méi)有引起公眾的注意。但是像1964年阿拉斯加9.2級(jí)地震這樣的大地震會(huì)造成數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元的損失。可知，本空要說(shuō)跟"小地震"有關(guān)的話題，A.Actually,thereareseveralmillionsmallearthquakeseveryyear."事實(shí)上，每年都有幾百萬(wàn)次小地震。"引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。19．根據(jù)空后"In1972,aseriesofsevereearthquakesstruckManagua,Nicaragua.Fifteenyearslater,thecitystilllookedthewayithadaweekaftertheearthquakehit,becausethecitywasinsuchamessthatitdidn'thavethemoneynecessarytorebuildit."1972年，尼加拉瓜的馬那瓜發(fā)生了一系列強(qiáng)烈地震。15年后，這座城市仍然是地震發(fā)生后一周的樣子，因?yàn)檫@座城市一團(tuán)糟，沒(méi)有必要的資金來(lái)重建它。可知，本空要說(shuō)跟"地震后持續(xù)數(shù)年的影響"有關(guān)的話題，G.Thedestructivedamageofanearthquakecanconti