PAGEUnit3TheworldmeetsChina1．gloryn．光榮→glorifyv．贊美；美化→gloriousadj.輝煌的→gloriouslyadv.輝煌地；壯美地2．boastv．(地方、機構等)驕傲地擁有（好的事物）→boastern．自夸者→boastfuladj.浮夸的→boastfullyadv.自夸地；浮夸地3．religionn．宗教→religiousadj.宗教的→religiouslyadv.虔誠地4．heavenn．天國→heavenlyadj.天國的5．strongadj.強壯的→stronglyadv.強有力地→strengthn．力氣→strengthenv．加強1．peakn．高峰，頂點；尖頂adj.高峰時期的，巔峰狀態的v.達到最高峰，達到最高值①Sheisatthepeakofhercareer. n.高峰②thepeakofaroof n.尖頂③Oilproductionpeakedintheearly1980s.v.達到最高峰④Marchisoneofthepeakperiodsforourbusiness.adj.最繁忙的/高峰時期的2．coveragen．覆蓋范圍；新聞報道；(保險公司的)保險①magazineswithextensivecoverageofdietandhealthtopics覆蓋范圍②today'snewspapercoverage 新聞報道③Medicaidhealthcoverageforlow-incomefamilies 保險WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學問要點1)varyvi.變更；不同vt.變更；變更[教材P26]ThesubjectsoftheDunhuangmuralsvaryfromreligiousstoriestoscenesofeverydaylife.敦煌壁畫的題材多種多樣，從宗教故事到日常生活場景都有。[例1]Thestudents'workvariesconsiderablyinquality.學生作業的質量相當地參差不齊。[例2]Themenuvarieswiththeseason.菜單隨季節而變動。[造句]班級的數目從25到30不等。Classnumbersvarybetween25and30.[學問拓展](1)varywith 隨……而變更varyfrom 不同于……varyin 在……方面不同/有差異varyfrom...to... 由……到……不等/不同(2)varietyn. 變更；多樣性；種類avarietyof＝varietiesof 各種各樣的(3)variousadj. 各種各樣的；不同的forvariousreasons 由于種種緣由(4)variouslyadv. 以各種方式；不同地avarietyof/varietiesof后接復數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數形式；thevarietyof后接復數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Theschoollibraryprovidesavarietyoforiginalworks，hopingtheywillmeettheneedsofdifferentstudents.②Thecosthasbeenvariously(various)estimatedatbetween￡10millionand￡20million.③Changesinpricenormallyvarywithchangesofsupplyandneed.④ThoughLucyandLilyaretwins，theyvaryincharacter.⑤Thevarietyoffoodsattherestaurantis(be)limited，buttheamountofeachdishisfairlylarge.⑥Ilikereadingverymuch，especiallythestorybooks,varyingfromChinesestoriestoEnglishstories(從中國故事到英國故事)．[小片段填空]Withthedevelopmentofeconomy，therearevarietiesofgoodsinstores，varyingfromdailygroceriestoluxurygoods，whichgreatlyenrichespeople'slife.Inaddition，thegoodsvarywiththeseasoninvarietyandquantity.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點2)[教材P27]Datingfrom405ADto1002AD，thesehiddentreasuresgiveusapictureofDunhuangwhenitwasattheverycentreoftheSilkRoadtrade.從公元405年到公元1002年，這些被雪藏的寶藏給我們描述了處在絲綢之路貿易中心時的敦煌。(1)datefrom起源于；追溯到[例1]Allthecupboardsandappliancesdatedfromthe1950s.全部這些櫥柜和家用電器都是20世紀50年頭的物品。[例2]Thesesculpturesmustdatefromthemiddleofthe7thcentury.這些雕刻品確定可以追溯到7世紀中葉。[造句]這座寺廟起源于唐朝。ThetempledatesfromtheTangDynasty.[學問拓展](1)datefrom＝datebackto 起源于；追溯到(2)setadatefor 確定……的日期haveadatewithsb. 與某人約會outofdate 過時的uptodate 現代的；最新的datefrom和datebackto這兩個短語，通常運用一般現在時，沒有進行時態，也沒有被動形式。常用其現在分詞形式作后置定語。[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Theoldtowndates(date)backtothelateseventeenthcentury.②Thefactisthatyourpassporthasbeenoutofdate，soyoucan'tuseit.③Everyoneshouldkeepongettinghimselfeducatedsoastobeuptodatewithmoderntechnology.④Wearevisitinganoldgardendatingfromthe12thcentury(起源于12世紀)．(2)hiddenadj.隱私的；隱秘的；隱藏的[例1]Underalltheinnocentfun，therearehiddendangers，especiallyforchildren.在全部簡潔無害的消遣項目背后都隱藏著危急，特殊是對兒童而言。[例2]Asyoudescend，suddenlyyouseeatlastthehiddenwaterfall.始終往下走，最終你會突然看到那條隱秘的瀑布。[造句]覆蓋著冰的路面對駕駛汽車的人是個危急的隱患。Icyroadsareahiddendangertomotorists.[學問拓展](1)hidesth.fromsb. 向某人隱瞞某事hidesth.in/under/behind... 把某物藏在……里面/下面/后面(2)hidingn. 躲藏；隱藏hiding和hidden作定語時意思不同：ahidingplace“一個藏身處”；ahiddenplace“一個隱私/隱秘的地方”[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Inartcriticism，youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessagehidden(hide)withinthework.②Mymotherboughtthebeautifulbasketandputitsafelyinsomehiding(hide)placeIcouldn'tfind.③Instead，theylearnbothexplicitandhidden(hide)meaningsfromwhattheysee.④Ifeelsurethereissomethingaboutherpastthatsheistryingtohidefromme(她設法對我隱瞞)．[小片段填空]Thelittleboyhadmuchdifficultyhidingthetruthfromhisparents，sohefoundahidingplaceinthetreestokeephimselfhiddenfromthem.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點3)reasonn．緣由；理由v．推理；推論[教材P27]However，thereasonwhytheLibraryCavewassealedupallthoseyearsagoremainsamystery.然而，藏經洞多年前被封的緣由仍舊是個謎。[例1]Thereasonwhyhefailedintheexamwasthathedidn'tlearnitwell.考試失敗的緣由是他沒有學好。[例2]I'dliketoknowthereasonwhyyou'resolate.我想知道你為什么遲到這么長時間。[造句]我為什么要幫你？給我一個充分的理由。GivemeonegoodreasonwhyIshouldhelpyou.[學問拓展](1)reasonwith 和……理論(或講理)reasonable 合情合理的(2)thereasonwhy...isthat... 表示“……的緣由是……”，其中why引 導定語從句，that引導表語從句。(3)thereasonthat/which... 表示“……的緣由”，that/which引 導定語從句，并在定語從句中作主語 或賓語。(4)thereasonthat... 表示“……的緣由”，that后接同位 語從句，說明其內容。(5)thereasonfor ……的緣由[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Thereasonwhywechoosethismovieisthatitrepresentsthedevelopmentofourbelovedschool，whichisnotonlyinterestingbutalsomeaningful.②That'sthereasonwhymoreandmorepeopleareinterestedintheTangDynasty(為什么越來越多的人對唐代感愛好)．eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點4)bring...tolife使復蘇；(使)變得生動；(使)變得好玩[教材P27]ThiscenturyisbringingtheSilkRoadtolifeoncemorethroughtheBeltandRoadInitiative.本世紀通過一帶一路的倡議，絲綢之路重新煥發了朝氣。[例1]WithmypicturesIhopetobringtolifeancientcivilizations.我希望用我的繪畫去再現古代文明。[例2]Thepromptuseofartificialrespirationcanoftenbringavictimofdrowningtolife.剛好的人工呼吸常能使溺水者醒悟過來。[造句]他的小說把維多利亞時代的生活寫活了。HisnovelsbringtheVictorianagetolife.[學問拓展]bringabout 引起；導致(事故、變更等)bringback 使某物復原；使回憶起某事bringdown 使……降低；使……倒下bringin 引入；賺得；掙得bringout 使顯現出；取出；闡明；出版[即學即練]單句語法填空①Thereasonwhythegoodsaresoldatsuchlowpricesisthatthemanufacturersarewillingtobringdownthepricesinreturnforbigvolumeofpurchases.②Sharingwithfriendshelpedmebringbackmyconfidenceandfitinwithothers.③Thesaleofthehouseonlybroughtinabout$45，000.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點5)[教材P27]GiventhatthethemeoftheExpowastopromoteculturalexchangeandstrengthenmutualcooperationbetweenthecountriesalongtheSilkRoad，Dunhuangwastheidealplace.考慮到世博會的主題是促進絲綢之路沿線國家之間的文化溝通和加強相互合作，敦煌是志向的地方。(1)givenadj.已經支配好的；規定的；指定的；所述的；特定的prep.考慮到；鑒于[例1]Itwassurprisingthegovernmentwasreelected，giventhattheyhadraisedtaxessomuch.令人驚異的是政府把稅收提高這么多仍再次當選了。[例2]Givenherinterestinchildren，teachingseemstherightjobforher.考慮到她喜愛孩子，教書看來是很適合她的工作。[造句]他們要在規定的時間和地點會見。Theyweretomeetatagiventimeandplace.[學問拓展](1)begiventosth./todoingsth. 常常做；習慣于(2)giveback 歸還；使復原givein(to) 屈服；讓步；交上giveoff 發出(氣味、光、熱)；散發giveout 分發；用完；耗盡；發布giveup 放棄；認輸givewayto 給……讓路/讓步；被……代替[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Theburningplasticgaveoffpoisonousgas，whichisharmfultoourhealth.②Hewouldn'tgiveoutanyinformation(透露任何消息)．③He'sgiventogoingforlongwalksonhisown(獨自長距離漫步)．(2)strengthenv．加強；增加；鞏固[例1]WhileDNAtestwillhelpstrengthenpeople'shealthconsciousness，itismoreprobablethatitwillleadtoover-anxiety.盡管DNA檢測將有助于增加人們的健康意識，然而也很可能會導致過度焦慮。[例2]Yogacanbeusedtostrengthentheimmunesystem.瑜伽能增加人體免疫系統。[造句]一種觀點就是睡眠有助于加強新的記憶。Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.[學問拓展](1)strengthsandweaknesses 優勢和劣勢buildupone'sstrength 增加體質havethestrengthtodosth. 有做某事的力氣withallone'sstrength 全力以赴(2)strengthn. 體力，力氣；特長，優勢；力氣；毅力strongadj. 強壯的；堅毅的[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Greatdeterminationandambitionarehisgreatstrengths(strength)．②EverymorningI'mworkingouttobuildupmystrength(增加體質)．[小片段填空]Westronglyfeelthatmanyfactorsdeterminewhetherwecansucceedinourlifeandcareers，includingastrongbodyandagoodpersonality.Knowingourstrengthisalsoveryimportant.Butthemostimportantistostrengthenthetieswiththepeoplearoundus.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點句式1)介詞短語置于句首的倒裝句式[教材P27]Inasealedcave，nowknownasthefamousLibraryCave，werehiddenthousandsofmanuscripts，paintingsandscrolls,aswellassilkembroideries.在一個密封的山洞里，現在被稱為聞名的藏經洞里，藏著成千上萬的手稿、繪畫和卷軸，其中包括絲綢刺繡。句式分析：本句話的正常語序是：Thousandsofmanuscripts，paintingsandscrolls,aswellassilkembroiderieswerehiddeninasealedcave，nowknownasthefamousLibraryCave.。[例1]Incameagirl，wearingawhiteskirt.一個穿著白色裙子的小姑娘走了進來。[例2]Intothedarkapartmentwalkedmyfriend，whowasquitesurprisedwheneveryoneshoutedHappyBirthday.我摯友走進了黑暗的房間，當大家喊生日歡樂時，他感到很驚異。[造句]男孩沖出去了。Outrushedtheboy.[學問拓展](1)out，in，down，up，away，here，now，then，there等表示方位、地點和時間的副詞置于句首，且主語是名詞時，句子用完全倒裝。(2)表示地點的介詞短語置于句首，且主語是名詞時，句子用完全倒裝。(3)作表語的形容詞、分詞短語提到系動詞前面時，句子也用完全倒裝，即“形容詞/分詞＋系動詞＋主語”結構。(4)代詞such置于句首，且在句中作表語時，句子用完全倒裝。留意：(1)此類用法中的謂語動詞一般為be動詞或lie，come，go，stand等動詞，且句子的主語為名詞。(2)假如句子的主語為人稱代詞，不用倒裝語序。如：Lookatthelittledog!Hereitruns.看這條小狗！它跑過來了。[翻譯1]一些來自中國的科學家出席了會議。PresentatthemeetingweresomescientistsfromChina.[翻譯2]這就是我們這座充溢活力的城市，只要您便利，隨時歡迎來參觀。Suchisourlivelycity，whichyouarewelcometovisitwheneveratyourconvenience.[即學即練]單句語法填空①BetweenFranceandSpainis(be)anothermountainrange—thePyrenees.②Therestands(stand)atree.③Nextdoortoourslives(live)aforeignstudent，whoseemstohavesettledintolifeinChina.eq\a\vs4\al(重點句式2)so...that引導的結果狀語從句[教材P27]ThescrollsaresodetailedthattheydescribethevastrangeofgoodsthatwereimportedandexportedfromDunhuang，suchasceramics，medicine，perfumesandfruit，tonamejustafew.這些卷軸特別具體，它們描述了從敦煌進口和出口的大量貨物，例如陶瓷、醫藥、香水和水果等等。句式分析：本句是so...that引導的結果狀語從句。[例1]Heissotiredthathedoesnotwanttogowithus.他太疲憊，所以他不想和我們一起去。[例2]Heissodishonestthatnobodywantstomakefriendswithhim.他太不誠懇了，沒有人和他做摯友。[造句]他說得很清晰，每個人都能聽懂。Hespeakssoclearlythateveryonecanunderstandhim.[學問拓展]引導結果狀語從句的從屬連詞有：sothat，so...that...，such...that...。在非正式語體中，由so...that...，such...that...引導的句子中的that可以省略，留意其結構：eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(so＋形容詞/副詞＋that從句,so＋形容詞＋a/an＋可數名詞單數形式＋that從句,so＋many/much/few/little（少）＋名詞＋that從句))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(such＋a/an＋形容詞＋可數名詞單數形式＋that從句,such＋形容詞＋可數名詞復數形式/不行數名詞＋that從句,such＋alotof/lotsof＋名詞＋that從句))為了強調形容詞和副詞，當so或such置于句首時，主句要用倒裝語序。[翻譯1]天氣那么晴朗，我們都想去公園。Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.[翻譯2]他掙這么少的錢，不能養活一家人。Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn'tsupporthisfamily.[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Mikeissohonestaworkerthatweallbelieveinhim.②Socleverastudentwashe(他是那么聰慧的學生)thathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultquestions.eq\a\vs4\al(重點句式3)倍數表達方法[教材P27]IntheMingDynasty，traderouteschangedandDunhuangwasnotasprosperousasitusedtobe.到了明朝，貿易路途變更了，敦煌也不像以前那樣旺盛了。句式分析：本句是用了as...as的結構表達倍數。[例1]Inotherwords，therearethreetimesasmanygirlsasboys.換句話說，女孩的數量是男孩的三倍。[例2]Theresearchersfoundthatlaptopuserstooktwiceasmanynotesasthosewhowrotebyhand.探討人員發覺，筆記本電腦用戶記筆記的次數比手寫的人要多一倍。[造句]紅尺是黃尺的三倍長。Theredruleristhreetimesaslongastheyellowone.[學問拓展]常見表示“倍數”的句型：(1)倍數＋as＋many/much＋n.＋as(2)倍數＋as＋adj./adv.＋as(3)倍數＋形容詞比較級/副詞比較級＋than(4)倍數＋thesize/length/height/depth/width＋of表示“兩倍”時用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基數詞＋times”表達。此句型中倍數也可以用分數、百分數、half等其他程度狀語。[翻譯]據我所知，這個城市是那個城市的三倍大。AsfarasIknow，thecityisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.→AsfarasIknow，thecityisthreetimeslargerthanthatone.→AsfarasIknow，thecityisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.[即學即練]單句語法填空①Myschoolhasexpandedintoabigone，whichisthreetimesasbigasthepreviousone.②Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimesfasterthantraditionalgarbageasawhole.③Itiswisetohaveasmanygoodfriendsaswecan.Thankstothisancientlibrary，wenowknowthatgoodsarrivedinDunhuangfromasfarawayasNorth-eastEurope，andthatgoodswerealsoexportedfromDunhuangacrossAsiaandEurope.分析：本句為復合句，know的后面接了兩個賓語從句第一個是thatgoodsarrivedinDunhuangfromasfarawayasNorth-eastEurope，其次個是thatgoodswerealsoexportedfromDunhuangacrossAsiaandEurope，中間用and連接。譯文：多虧了這個古老的藏經洞，我們現在知道，貨物從遙遠的東北歐運抵敦煌，貨物也從敦煌出口到亞洲和歐洲。教材高考1.Today，Dunhuangisaworld-classtouristdestinationboastingsiteswithUNESCO-protectedheritagestatus.(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.2.ThepaintingofApsarasreachedapeakduringtheTangDynasty；theseimagesarefulloflife，reflectingtheconfidenceandoptimismofpeoplefromthattime.(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Butthatchangedwhenasystemofhigh-techmirrorswasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaksintothevalleybelow.3.GiventhatthethemeoftheExpowastopromoteculturalexchangeandstrengthenmutualcooperationbetweenthecountriesalongtheSilkRoad，Dunhuangwastheidealplace.(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Thelikables'plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships，jump-startinterpersonalskillsand，whentappedearly，areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thisisalawdating(date)fromthe17thcentury.2．Sheboastedabout/ofhercollectionofchina.3．Theoldmanreceivedreligious(religion)educationwhenhewasyoung.4．Whataheavenly(heaven)day!5．Hermoodvaried(vary)fromoptimismtoextremedepression.6．Shefeltsuretheletterh