首字母講解問學生：你了解首字母嗎？1.首字母出現(xiàn)在卷子的哪一部分？2.題號是？3.共幾個？4.占幾分？師：首字母的比重：首字母填空7個，14分，占閱讀部分的28%，占試卷總分的9.3%測試內容1.文章短小、精致，字數(shù)通常100-150之間2.考查的單詞涉及的詞性較廣，幾乎涉及到了十大詞類3.文中涉及的語言知識面較寬，學生需運用已學過的詞法、句法及常用詞組、短語、慣用法等知識4.短文的體裁不一，有記敘文、說明文、議論文等文體。解題步驟首字母填空三步走：1.通讀短文2.判斷詞性，認真分析，解題技巧首字母五大技巧：1.依照固定搭配進行填詞2.依照詞性判斷進行填詞3.依照結構關鍵詞進行填詞4.依照句意理解進行填詞5.依照高頻詞匯進行填詞對“癥”下“藥”⑴依照固定詞組搭配或固定的句式結構進行填詞2012年一模崇明縣、嘉定區(qū)、金山區(qū)、徐匯區(qū)、盧灣區(qū)、虹口區(qū)2013年一模崇明縣、閘北區(qū)、金山區(qū)、徐匯區(qū)、楊浦區(qū)2014年一模崇明縣、嘉定區(qū)、金山區(qū)、浦東新區(qū)、楊浦區(qū)練習1.W________hishelp,theoldmanwassafe.Theboythankedhimverymuch.2.…Itwasal________earlier.3.Thehealthierthoseteethare,theh________youlook.Whyisthat?4.Takeyourtimewhilebrushing.Spendatl_________3minuteseachtimeyoubrush.小結：固定搭配常考：動詞，名詞，介詞，形容詞等。所以，平時積累考綱詞組很重要。⑵依照詞性判斷進行填詞詞性判斷能幫助減少錯誤，快速得出答案且常考的九大詞類當中，有三種詞僅通過詞性判斷即能快速得出答案：代詞，介詞，連詞原因：數(shù)量不多，但又是一模常考詞類。介詞連詞代詞2012年一模寶山、長寧、浦東、奉賢、閔行、普陀、青浦長寧、虹口、浦東、閘北寶山、浦東、奉賢、黃埔、普陀、2013年一模寶山、長寧、浦東、崇明、虹口、徐匯、金山崇明、奉賢、楊浦、浦東、閘北、虹口、靜安奉賢、黃浦、靜安2014年一模奉賢、虹口、徐匯、長寧、閔行崇明、楊浦、浦東、長寧、閘北奉賢2015年一模練習1.OneofthemostlovelyofHongKong’sanimalsisthebarkingdeer.Theyarebeautifullittleanimalsw____91____arichbrowncoatandawhitepatchunderthetail.（2012一模奉賢區(qū)）2.“B____89____everydogloverthereisastory,”saysDr.Davis.“Whydopeoplelovetheirdogssomuch?Ifyouheartheirstories,it’snotdifficulttounderstandwhy.”（2012一模普陀區(qū)）小結：連詞位于句子間；介詞位于名詞前；代詞用來做主賓語；another,other,every,one還可用來做定語。3.Thenyoucanr________withagoodstoryandhavearestquietly.4.H________,televisionhasnotkilledreading.Today,newspapersandmagazinessellinverylargenumbers.Andbooksofeverykindaresoldmorethaneverbefore.⑶依據(jù)結構關鍵詞進行填詞練習1.Imaginesittingdownatthedinnertableandb___86___servedabowlofworms.（2013寶山區(qū)）2.Therearesuggestionstoseparatethesexesandteachboysseparately.Thereisalsoa___92__tochangethecurriculumtomakeitmoreinterestingforboystoachievetheirgoals.（2013閔行區(qū)）3.Brushyourteetht__________aday–afterbreakfastandbeforebedtime.小結：巧用結構關鍵詞并列關系：also,aswell,and,or,but,than,ratherthan,aswellas,from…to,insteadof等解釋/說明關系：破折號、冒號、括號等⑷依據(jù)句意理解理解上下文是使用最多，最直接的方法。技巧：1.抓住句子主干（主謂賓）；2.準確分析從句（定從，賓從，狀從）；3.把握文中的轉折，否定，消極/積極語境；4.動手劃出關鍵詞，句；用括號標出從句。練習1.Atthatmomentofthebluecard____91____underthewater.（2013一模嘉定區(qū)）2.OneSundayafternoon,Mr.Whitedrovehisnewcartohisfriend’shousehappily.Hewantedtop________hisfriendupatfiveandthenwenttoseeanewmovietogether.小結：1.翻譯句子，不是意會，是找到主謂賓，有代詞的找出其指代的意思，準確翻譯2.注意句子的結構分析，尤其是主從復合句。⑸依據(jù)高頻詞匯進行填詞在做題沒有思路，但是對單詞詞性有把握判斷的時候，根據(jù)經驗猜詞，也是絕處逢生的好方法！如以o開頭的高頻詞匯：動詞：organize,order,own,open,operate,offer,obey,observe,etc.名詞/代詞：owner,opinion,organization,order,officer,ones,etc.形容詞：official,other,own,ordinary,old,open,online,etc.副詞：often,only,once,etc.練習1.Ofcourse,mirrorscouldbeusedo_______whenthesunwasshining.Atnight,Indiansusedfirearrowsforsignaling.（2012一模浦東新區(qū)）2.Sotheymoveout.Somedon’tgoveryfar,justalittlewayoutofthecity,tothetownsnearthecities.O________peoplemovetotherealcountryside,withsheepandcowsandgreenfields.（2014一模楊浦區(qū)）小結：高頻詞匯分兩類，一是經常考到的詞匯，二是考綱中量很少的詞匯；在沒有思路的情況下，將積累的高頻詞匯一一帶入，意思合理的即是答案。高頻詞匯總結C開頭的副詞：completely,clearly,correctly,carefullyR開頭的副詞：rather,really,recently,rarelyK開頭的動詞：kill,know,kick,keep,knockH開頭的副詞：happily,hard,hardly,heavily,however階梯訓練法Step1:chunk訓練法

出現(xiàn)頻率很高,使用形式及使用的語境比較固定,就像一個板塊一樣,大于單詞的結構都歸于“詞塊”1.Maryhasn_________workedashardashersister.2.Theproblemissod___________thatnoonecanworkout.3.Thosewhoknowtheanswertothequestioncanraiseyourh__________.Step2:在本句中尋找信息1.U___________,itisnotaverygoodjob,…(03年中考)2.Oneday,Jefftoldhisfriendthathe’dfalleninloveandplannedtogetmarriedthen___________months.（04年中考）3.Asyourreadingimproves,youwillprobablyfindyourschoolworkbecomesmuche___________.（05年中考）4.Iaskedhimw___________hewasgoingandhesaidhewasgoingtowork.（06年中考）5.Thenwestartedtalkingaboutschooldaysandthepeoplewebothusedtok___________.（06年中考）6.IliveherewithmyhusbandJoeandourt___________children,Patrick,11,and,Abby,8.（08年中考）Step3:在句群中尋找信息1.Mostofmyfriendslikeloudmusicthattheycandanceto.Ipreferq___________,traditionalmusic,sotheconcertsuitedmeverywell.2.Ifyoureadasahobbyyouwillgetbetterandbetteratit.Thism___________thatyouwillreadfasterandwillbecomebetteratunderstandingwhatyouread.3.Somepeoplesaythatreadingisoutofdate.Thisisnottrue.Youhavetobeabletoreadtouseacomputerand,thebetteryouread,thebetteryourcomputerskillswillbe.Readingish___________outofdate!（05年中考）4.Hi!MynameisStephenandIliveinasmallflatinLondon.Ichosetoliveherebecausethereisneverab___________momentinacitylikeLondon.I’manartstudentandthebusylifeinacitydoesgoodtomypainting.（08年中考）Step4:在段落中尋找信息1.Readingbooksisagoodhobbyforallkindsofreasons.

First,…

Next,…

A___________goodreasonforreadingisthatitisuseful.…2.…Ofcourse,London,likeanylargecity,hasp___________,too.Londonersdon’tchatontheundergroundorthebusandthereismuchlesscommunityspiritthaninthecountry,wheremyparentslive.Infact,theydon’tunderstandhowIcanputupwiththenoisepollution,andtrafficjams.…3.Ofcourse,countrylifealsohasw___________points.Wefeelisolatedsometimes,too,especiallysincethenearestneighborsarealmost100kmaway.…4.Intheearly1930s,peopleintheUSoftendidnotknowwhenorwheretheirnextmealwas.Soassoonastheygotsomethingintheirhandthatcouldbeeaten,itwouldgointotheirmouth.Thatwashowpeoplebegantousetheidiom“l(fā)ivinghandtomouth”tomean“l(fā)ivingap___________life”.5.TherearemanyidiomsinEnglish.Ifyoulearntousethem,yourEnglishwillbemuchmorevividandcolorful.Haveyoueverheardtheidiom“Heboughtthefarm?”Itmeanshedied.Doyouknowhowitbecamepopular?Itwasf___________usedinWorldWarI.Whenasoldierdied,thegovernmentgavehisfamilyenoughmoneytobuyafarm.小結：首字母解題五大技巧是什么？高分妙招，學霸都知道：做完首字母后要檢查1.動詞形態(tài)（形式、時態(tài)/語態(tài)）2.名詞單復數(shù)，大小寫3.形容詞副詞比較級最高級首字母填空的“三級警報”1.“一級警報”：動詞原形危險系數(shù)：高危在首字母填空中填入動詞原形屬于高度危險的一級警報。在填入動詞時，必須考慮到動詞的人稱和時態(tài)變化。【例】Allofasudden,Iwascrowdedbyagroupofpeoplewhoomesupportandgavemestrengthtofacemydifficulties.【解析】空格中填入的詞應是動詞的過去式，與and之后的gave相對應。因此，此題的正確答案是offered【注】在首字母填空中，填入動詞原形也是有可能的，例如在情態(tài)動詞之后或者在makesb.dosth.這樣的賓語補足語結構中，需要填入動詞原形。2.“二級警報”：可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)危險系數(shù)：中危在首字母填空中，如果空格之前沒有a或an，那么在空格中填入可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)屬于中度危險的二級警報。在填入可數(shù)名詞時，必須考慮到可數(shù)名詞的單復數(shù)。【例】Atmybirthdayparty,hegavemebeautifulfasmybirthdaypresent.【解析】很多同學會想到空格中應填入flower.然而，flower是可數(shù)名詞，在此題中，沒有a或者量詞修飾flower，因此，必須填入flower的復數(shù)形式flowers.3.“三級警報”：形容詞和副詞的原級危險系數(shù)：低危在首字母填空中，填入形容詞和副詞的原級也具有一定的危險性，形容詞和副詞原級屬于低度危險的三級警報。在一些情況下，需要填入形容詞和副詞的比較級或者最高級。【例】Thegardenisverybeautiful.Ihaveneverseenanone.【解析】填入空格的詞應該是與beautiful相對應的nice。但是，Ihaveneverseenanone.是一句否定句，而在空格之前又出現(xiàn)了不定冠詞a，按照英語的表達習慣，在否定句中，不定冠詞a加形容詞的比較級具有最高級的意義。因此，空格中應填入nicer.后半句句子的意思是：我從來沒見過更漂亮的一個花園。言下之意即是：這是我見過的最漂亮的花園。首字母填空練習D.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（14分）passagehorriblecrashedfelldownflamesoppositedroppedpickeditupdirectionscreameddifficultyrecognizingAfire(中等)“Fire!Fire!”Whathorriblewordstohearwhenonewakesupinastrangehouseinthemiddleofthenight!Itwasalarge,woodenhouseandmyroomwasonthetopfloor.Ijumpedoutofbed,openedthedoorands92outintothepassage.Itwasfullofthicksmoke.Ibegantorun,butasIwasstillonlyhalfawake,insteadofgoingtowardsthestairsIwentintheoppositedirection.Thesmokegrewt93andIcouldseeflamesallaroundandthefloorbecamehotundermybarefeet.Ifoundanopendoorandranintoaroomtogettothewindow.ButbeforeIcouldreachit,oneofmyfeetwascaughtinsomethingsoftandIfelldown.ThethingIhadfelloverwasl94abundleofclothes,andIpickedituptoprotectmyfacefromsmokeandheat.JustthenthefloorgavewayundermeandIcrashedtothebelowwithpiecesofwoodallaroundme.Isawaflamingdoorwayinfront,putthebundleofclothesovermyfaceandran.Thefirearoundmyfeetburnedmet95,butIgotthrough.AsIreachedthecoldairoutside,mybundleofclothesgaveathincry.Inearlydroppeditinmys96.ThenIsawacrowdgatheredinthestreet.Awomaninanightdressandaborrowedman’scoatscreamedwhenshesawmeandcamerunningmadly.“Mybaby!Mybaby!”shecried.Thecrowdcheeredwidelyasshetookthesmokebundleoutofmya97.Ihadsomedifficultyinrecognizingher.ShewasMayor’swife,andIhads98herbaby.Iwasahero.首字母首字母單詞詞性詞義考點難度系數(shù)Ssteppedv.邁步此句表一系列動作：先下床再開門，然后該走出去☆tthickera.更厚的主語是煙，煙變的厚可以想出，但是想到用比較級是比較難把握的☆☆☆llikeprep.像主要根據(jù)句意：這個東西像一捆衣服☆☆tterriblyadv.嚴重地本句不缺少成分，很明顯是要填副詞，形容火是怎么樣燒我的腳的詞☆☆ssurprisen.驚訝本句中說：我?guī)缀跻袅诉@捆東西，看出我很是吃驚☆aarmsn.手臂比較簡單，是從我的手臂里拿走☆ssavedv.救從后句中：我是個英雄，看出是我救了這個孩子☆特點：1.詞性為v.(2);n.(2);adj.(1);adv.(1);prep.(1)2.3個s，2個t3.考點基本是根據(jù)上下文的理解進行猜測，其中93題容易出錯4.其中92和96是詞組

課外練習首字母專項C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）（14分）(參考HP-2014A)Doyougetangrywhenyourfriendssingloudlywhileyouaretryingtoworkorwhenyourbestfrienddoesnotwaitforyouafterschool?Ifyoudo,youneedtotakecontrolofyourfeelings.Gettingangrywithotherscancauseyoutol____81____friends.GrayEgeberg,anAmericanhighschoolteacher,haswrittenabooknamedMyFeelingsAreLikeWildAnimalstohelpyoucontrolyourfeelings.Thebooktellshowtostaycoolwhenb____82____thingshappen.Thebooksaysthatgettingangryonlymakesproblemsw____83____.Itcannevermakethembetter.“Gettingangryisnotanaturalwaytoact,”thebooksays.“It’sjustahabit,likesmoking.”Thebooksaysyoucancontrolyourfeelingse____84____...allyouhavetodoistotellyourselfnottobeangry.Thebookgivesmanytipstohelpyouifyougetangryfrequently.Herearethetopthree.●Keepar____85____.Everytimeyougetangry,writedownwhyyouareangry.Lookatitlaterandyouwillseeyougetangrysooften.●Askyourfriendstos____86____talkingtoyouwhenyougetangry.Leaveyoualone.Thiswillteachyounottobeangry.●Dosomethingd____87____.Whenyougetangry,walkawayfromtheproblemandgosomewhereelse.Trytolaugh.C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）（14分）(參考JA/QP-2014A)Whoismanagingthingsinyourtownorcity?Someonerepairsabrokenwindowinthelibrary.Someonemakessurethetrafficlightswork.Someonepumpscleanwaterintopipes.Someonec____81____fortheanimalsinthezoo.Thepeoplewhodothesejobsarepartofthegovernment.Inmosttownsorcities,theyworkforthemayor.Themayorworkswithothero____82____.Theymanagethecityandmakesurethattheworkgetsdone.Theyfixoldthings,likeroadsandbridges.Theybuildnewthings,likeschoolsandparks.Ifpeoplec____83____,theylistencarefully.Thentheychangethingsthatarewrong.Forexample,ifalawisn’tf____84____tosomepeople,theychangeit.Theytrytodowhatthepeoplewant.ElectionDayisreportcardtime!Ifpeoplethinkthecitygovernmentisdoingfine,theymightk____85____thesamemayor.Ifthereareproblems,theymightelectanewmayor.OnElectionDay,peoplegotodifferentplacestovote.Thenallthevotesarec____86____.Themayormaywinorlose.Forthewinner,thereislotsofexcitement!Thereisabigpartywithballoonsf____87____intheair.Thenextday,it’stimetorunthecityortownagain.Themayormustdoagoodjob.Theofficemembersmustworkhard,too.Afterall,inafewyears,therewillbeanotherElectionDay.C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）（14分）(參考PD-2014A)Youknowthateatingasensibledietandgettingplentyofexercisehelpmakeyourbodyhealthyandstrong.Butdoyouknowthattherearewaystomakeyourbrainhealthierandsmarter?Herearesevenstepstowardasmarterbrain.LimityourTVviewingNeverspendtoomuchtimeonTVviewing,foritn____81____verylittlebrainactivities.Yourbrainwillbecomeweakjustasyourmusclesdo.IfyoudowatchTV,choosesomethingeducationalandmeaningful.TravelTravellingtoa____82____countryforcesyoutoseeanddothingsinafreshway,bringingstimulationtothebrain.LearnanewlanguageLearninganewlanguageinvolvesdifferentlearningmethods.Learningalanguagesharpensyourbrainandhelpspreventmemoryp____83____thatyoumaymeetinlateryears.ReadoftenAsyouread,takethetimetolookuppeopleorplacesthataren’tfamiliar.Readingmakesyourvocabularymuchl____84____ifyoualwayssearchforwordsanddefinitionsthatyoudon’tknow.Eachweek,chooseananimal,abirdorafish,andreadeverythingyoucanaboutit.Stretchyourbrainasyoubecomeanexpertonthesubject.Calculatew____85____youshopAsyouputthingsinyourgrocerycart,totaleverythinginyourhead.Seehowcloseyougettotheactualtotal.Useyournon-dominant(不占優(yōu)勢的)handIfyouareright-handed,useyourlefthandforeverydayactivities,oruseyourrighthandifyouareleft-handed.Doingfamiliarthingsinadifferentwaywillmakeyourbrainc____86____newneural(神經)networks.Wechat(微信)!Readmessagesfrompeoplewhohasdifferentinterests.Andsomesaythatlearningtoexpressy____87____injust100wordsisagreatbrainchallenge.Haveatryanddotheseeveryday.Littlebylittleyoucangetintothehabitofchallengingyourbrain,andmakeyourbrainsmarter!C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）（14分）(參考XH-2014A)Mostpeopleknowthatintelligencequotient(IQ)isimportant,butEQisprobablymoreimportantindailylife.Whenfacinganexam,EQhelpsustomanageourfeelings.Whengettingalongwithfriendsorparents,EQhelpsustoc____81____well.EQisshapedpartlybygenetics（基因）.Youcanseesomebabiesarequiet,whileothersarenot.B____82____,EQissomethingyoucanlearnforyourself.Youcanlearnwhatdifferentfeelingsmightmeanandhowtheyrelatetoyourselfandothers.Ifwelearnintherightway,ourEQcangetbetteraswegetolder.ChildrenwithahighEQusuallyhavegreatersuccesswithmakingfriends.HavingahighEQneedsafewdifferentskills.Learningabouttheseskillscanhelpustoi____83____ourEQ.Butwhatarethey?Let’stakealook!1.KnowyourselfMostpeoplefeelmanydifferentfeelingst____84____theday.Somefeelingslikesurpriselastjustafewseconds.Others,likehappinessandsadness,maystayaroundmuchl____85____.BeingabletorecognizetheseeverydayfeelingsisthemostbasicofallEQskills.2.ManageyourselfWeallgetangry.Weallhavedisappointments.Butweneedtocontrolit.Itisnotalwaystherighttimeorplacetoexpressourfeelings.Whenyouareangrywithsomeone,takeadeepbreathands____86____countto10.Thisway,youcancalmdown.3.EncourageyourselfWhenyoufailanexam,youmaybedisappointed.Butthereissomethingmoreeffectiveyoucando–learntoencourageyourself.Itgivesyoutheenergyandc____87____tomoveon.Ithelpsyoutobuildastrongheart.C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）（14分）(參考YP-2014A)Movingout,movingbackInthecountriesallovertheworld,peopleareleavingthecountrysideinhugenumberstofindjobsinthecities.Theyleaveb____81____thecountrysideismuchpoorerthanthecityandoftenthereisn’tmuchworkthere.S____82____suchastransport,entertainment,hospitalsandschoolsareusuallymuchbetterincitiesthantheyareinthecountry.Theyhopethattheirliveswillimprovewhentheymovetothecity.ButinthebigcitiesofEuropeandAmerica–London,Paris.NewYork,peoplearemovingoutofthecity.Theseareusuallyfamilieswhohavesomemoney,andwanttoliveaquieterlife.Theygett____83____ofthenoiseanddirtofthecity,thecrowdedstreets,crowdedtrainsandbuses.Theydon’twanttositintrafficanymore.Theywantahousewithagarden,andcleanairthatisn'tP____84____.Sotheymoveout.Somedon'tgoveryfar,justalittlewayoutofthecity,tothetownsnearthecities.O____85____peoplemovetotherealcountryside,withsheepandcowsandgreenfields!There,theystarttheirnewlivesandtrytomakenewfriends.Notallthosewhomovefromthecitytothecountrysidearchappy.Aftertwoorthreeyears,manypeoplewhohavedonethisfeelthatitwasabigm____86____.Theydon'tmakeasmuchmoneyandthereisn'tmuchtodo.Countrypeopleareverydifferentandaren'talwaysveryfriendly.Asaresult,quitealotofpeoplewhohavemovedtothecountrysidemovebacktothecity.“It’sw____87____toseecrowdsinthestreetsandcinemalights”theysay.‘I’msogladI'mbackinthecity!”C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）（14分）(參考HK-2014A)IheardastoryaboutanolderwomanwhostoodinlineatthePostOffice.Shec____81____withayoungmannexttoher.Theyoungmann____82____thatshehadnopackagetomail,andaskedwhyshewasstandinginline.Shesaidthatshejustneededafewstamps.“Ma’am,youmustbetiredstandinghere.Doyouknowthere’sastampmachineoverthereinthecorner?”Hep____83____tothemachinebuiltintothewall.“Thankyou,”theladyreplied,“butI’lljustwaitherealittleI____84____.I’mgettingclosetothewindow.”“Butitwouldbesomuche____85____foryounottostandinthislonglineandbuyyourstampsfromthemachine.”Thewomansmiledandanswered,“Oh,Iknow.Butthatoldmachinewouldn____86____askmehowmygrandchildrenaregettingalong.”Shehadaneedgreaterthantheneedf____87____postagestamps–aneedtofeelconnectedtootherpeople.Anditwasaneedthatcouldnotbemetbyastampmachine.C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）（14分）(參考CN-2014A)Imaginethis:romanceisallaroundyou,youhavemetandfalleninlovewiththemostwonderfulperson.Theonlytroubleis,youarenotathome,youareinacompletelydifferentpartofthew____81____.Howdoyouletthatspecialpersonknowhowyoufeel?FranceTheonlyplacetosay'JET'AIME'(Iloveyou)isonaParisbridgeinthemoonlight.IfyoureallywanttogofortrueFrenchstyle,youwillneedtodressverysmartlyandgotoafashionableFrenchrestauranta____82____youhavesaidthemagicalwords.JapanThecherryblossomseasonisthemostromantictimeofayearinJapan.I____83____yourboyfriend/girlfriendinthepolitestwaypossible(youshouldalwaysbeaspoliteaspossibleinJapan!),setupanicelittlepicnicu____84____acherryblossomtreeandsay'SUKYO'.RussiaItmightbeminus6degreeswhenyousay'YATYEBYALYUBLYU',butthes____85____willbefallingaroundyouinStPetersburg.Thereisnoscenemoreromantic,andyouwon'tevenfeelthecold–yourheartwillbesow____86____inside!IndonesiaGosurfingontheIndonesiawatersofSumatraandseetheboyorgirlofyourdreams.Wakeuptoabeautifulsunrise,gosurfinginthecoolwatersalldayandr____87____intheevenings.AnytimeisOKtosay'SAYACINTAPADAMU'!Whereveryoucomefrom,onlysay'Iloveyou'whenyoutrulymeanit.Theymayonlybethreelittlewords,buttheyarepowerfulwordsinanylanguage!C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）（14分）(參考PD-2015A)Manyandherhusband,RichardGoldman,lovedbooks.Likemanyloversofbooks,they(81)s___________walkedpastabookstorewithoutstoppingtolookinside.Theyoftentalkedofopeningtheirownstoreoneday.Inordertorealizetheir(82)w___________,theystartedbytalkingtobookstoreownersandresearchingbookbusiness.OnefigurecaughtMary’sattention:Shehadreadsomewherethatabout20percentofbookssoldweremysteries(推理小說),andmanybuyersofmysteriesspentmorethan$300ayearonbooks.SheandRichardthemselvesweremystery(83)r___________andhadabigcollectionofsuchbooks.OnHallowing1992,theyopenedtheMysteryLoversBookshopandCaféneartheirhome.Withthreechildrenincollege,itwas(84)i___________forthecoupletospendallthefamily’smoneytostartashop.Tocoverthe$100,000cost,theyusedsomeoftheirsavings,borrowedfromrelativesandfromabank.Inorderto(85)a___________customers,Maryalwayshadnewways.Theshophadacoffeebaranditofferedpresentstomysteryloversandserveddinnersforbookclubsthatmetinthestore.Shealsoinvitedmanywritersto(86)d___________theirstorieswiththebuyerstoletthemunderstandthestoriesbetter.Nowafterpayingtaxes,businesscostsandthesixpart-timesalesclerks,RichardandMarytogetherearnabout$34,000.“Thejobwelovemaynotgohandinhandwithlotsofmoney,”saysRichard.“Wedothistogivean(87)e___________lifetoourselves.Thisisnotaboutmakingalotofmoney.Whatmattersisthatwegainhappinessfromit.”D.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格內填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給):（14分）(參考PT-2014A)Whenhewasateenager,HunterAdamswasveryunhappy,andhespentmanyyearsinthe1960sand1970sinahospitalforpeoplewithmentalhealthproblem.Whenhelthehospital,Adamsdecidedtobecomeadoctor,sobewenttomedicalschoolinthestateofVirginia,intheU.S.Thereheoftendidthingsdifferentlyfromthedoctorsandotherstudents.Forexample,hedidn'tlikethedoctor'swcoats,soheworeshirtswithflowersonthemwhenhevisitedhispatients.Healsotriedtomakethemhappy.Thedoctorsatthemedicalschooldidn'tlikeAdamsbecausehewastoodifferent.ButAdamsbelievedthatpeopleinahospitalneedmorethanm.Hesawthatpatientswerelonelyandunhappy.Hetriedtohelpthem,notjustaspatientsbutaspeople,too.Hespentalotoftimewithchildreninthehospital.Heoftenputonaredrosetolooklikeaclownandtomakethechildrenl.Whenhefinishedmedicalschoolandbecameadoctor,AdamsandsomeotherdoctorsbegananorganizationcalledtheGesundheitInstitute.Oneoftheirgistobuildaclinicandteachingcenter.Itwillbeaplacewithadifferentwayofworkingwithsickpeople.HunterAdamsbecamefduringthe1980s,andin1998,UniversalPicturesmadeasuccessfulmaboutAdams’slifecalledPatchAdams.RobinWilliamsplayedAdams.Williamssaid,“Hunterisareallywarmperson,whobelievesthatpatientsneedadoctorwhoisafriend.Ienjoyplayinghim.”C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）（14分）(參考ZB-2014A)ThestorybehindtheshoppingcartCharactersSylvanGoldman–ownerofagroceryshopFredYoung–Sylvan’sfriend,amechanic(機械師)Onenightin1936,inanAmericancity.InsideFred’sworkshop,SylvansitsnexttoFred,whoismakingadjustments(調試)totheirnewi–ashoppingcart.Sylvan: Mycustomersdon’tlikeourshoppingcart.Fred: Really?Sotheypshoppingwiththoseheavybaskets?Sylvan: (nods)I’vegotahugecrowdofcustomerseveryday,bnoneofthemwantstousethecart.Fred: Idon’tunderstand.Weinventedthecartsothatpeopledon’tneedtocarryabasketaroundtheshop.Sylvan: (laughs)Andsothattheywillbuymoregroceries!Fred: Sowhydon’ttheyliketheshoppingcart?Sylvan: Youngmenthinkthatpushingacartaroundmakesthemlookwandslow,andyoungwomenthinkit’sunfashionable.Fred: Ofcourseitisn’tfashionablerightnow.It’sonlyjustbeeninvented!ButI’msureolderpeoplewillappreciateit.Sylvan: Um…Fred: What?Theydon’tlikethecarte?Sylvan: Well,theythinkpushingitmakesthemlookhelpless!Fred: Ohno.Weneedtodosomething,Fred.Wecan’tjustguponthisinvention!Sylvan: Wewon’t.(Hegetsupandwalksaroundtheroom.Suddenly,hestops.)Aha!I’vegotanidea.Fred: Whatisit?Sylvan: I’llhiresomegood-lookingguysandgirlstopushthecartsaroundandpretendthey’reshopping.Fred: Oh!Sotherealshopperswillseetheseattractivepeopleusingthecartsandthink,“Hey,ifit’sgoodenoughforthem,it’sgoodenoughforme!”Sylvan: E.Fred: Hey!Maybeyoucouldgetoneofthegirlstogreetyourcustomersandencouragethemtousethecart.Sylvan: Greatidea!C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords(在短文的空格內填入適當?shù)脑~，使其內容通順，每空格限填一詞，首字母已給）（14分）(參考BS-2014A)Therearedifferentwaysoftellingastory.Itcanbetoldinwords,inpictures,inmusic,andactedo,oritcanbetoldbystillanotherway–bydancing.Dancingthattellsastoryiscalledaballet（芭蕾舞).Thedancinginaballetisdonetomusic,butthestoryistoldbythemovementsofthedancers.Thereisnosingingandspeakinginit.Aballetisaworkofartjustasabeautifulpicture.Theoriginofballetdbackabout600yearsago,whichbeganasakindofentertainmentinthecourtsoftherulersinItaly.TwohundredyearslaterballetwadpopularintheFrenchcourt.TheFrenchKingLouisXIVfoundedaballetschool.LatertherulersofRussiabecameinterestedinballet.TheyofferedlargeamountsofmoneytothebestballetmastersanddancersofFrance.Theyalsosetuptheirownballetschoolsanddancecompanies(舞蹈團).SoonRussiansproducedmanyfamousballets.“SwanThebasicpositions(姿勢)andtechniquesofballetweredevelopedlongago.Overthecenturies,choreographers（編舞者）haverevised（修改）theclassicaltechniques,butthebasicpositionshaveremainedthesame.Whenyoubeginlearningthestepsandposes（舞姿）ofballet,youwillrealizethatmostofthemhaveFrenchnames.Forexample,apartofaballetthatisdancedbyjusttwopeopleiscalledpas-de-deux(芭蕾雙人舞).MostoftheFrenchtermshavebeencthroughouttheyears.Balletdancingisknownforitsgraceandelegance,asballerinas(芭蕾舞女演員)seemtoglide（滑行）acrossthestagealmosteffortlessly（不費力地）.Balletdancersstrivetoappeartallandlightontheirfeet.Femaledancersraisethemselvesevenhigherbygoingupontheirtoeswithpointeshoes（足尖鞋）.Probablythemostimportantpartofaballetdancer'sequipmentisballetshoes.Afterseveralyearsofpropert,somefemaleballetdancerswearpointeshoestomakethemappearlighterandmoredelicate.Pointeshoesmakeitpossibleforballerinastodanceonthetipsoftheirtoes.Thefirstballetwasperformedover500yearsago.Mentdancedtheleadingroles,