?第12講數詞（講義）目錄一復習目標掌握目標及備考方向二考情分析2023年中考數詞考情分析三網絡構建知識點頭腦風暴四數詞考向1.基數詞的構成和用法2.序數詞的構成和用法3.分數的表達法4.提升必考題型歸納五真題感悟數詞經典考題【復習目標】1.掌握基數詞的構成和用法2.掌握序數詞的構成和用法3.掌握分數的表達法【考情分析】數詞是歷年各省市中考必考知識點。從考查形式看，一般有單項選擇、完形填空、詞語運用等。所占分值通常為2數詞是歷年各省市中考必考知識點。從考查形式看，一般有單項選擇、完形填空、詞語運用等。所占分值通常為2～4分。從命題意圖看，側重考查考生的具體語言環境中使用數詞的能力?！揪W絡構建】考向一基數詞的構成和用法數詞的分類：數詞分為基數詞和序數詞。基數詞表示數目的多少。序數詞表示事物的先后順序，往往與定冠詞the連用。(1)0—12單獨記。如：zero,one,two,three等。(2)13—19的詞尾都是teen。如：fourteen,seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊記。(3)20以上的整十的基數詞均以ty結尾。20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。(4)＂幾十幾＂要加連字符號＂＂。48—fortyeight,97—ninetyseven等。(5)＂幾百幾十＂或者＂幾百幾十幾＂在＂百＂后加and。156—onehundredandfiftysix,509—fivehundredandnine。(6)四位數或者四位數以上的基數詞的拼寫規律：用逗號從右往左每三位加一個逗號，第一個逗號讀作thousand(千)，第二個逗號讀作million(百萬)，第三個逗號讀作billion(十億)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。3,610＝threethousandsixhundredandten；94,295＝ninetyfourthousandtwohundredandninetyfive；基數詞的用法①表示確切數字時，基數詞hundred,thousand,dozen（12）等，只用單數形式，不能加“s”如：fivethousandsixhundredteachers5600名教師②在表示某些概數的習語中，如“成百上千”等，基數詞要加“s”表示人的不確切歲數或年代，用“表示人的不確切歲數或年代，用“幾十”的復數形式表示如：inhistwenties在他二十多歲時inthe1980’s/1980s在20世紀80年代③可以用來表示時間如：5：00five/fiveo’clock4：25fourtwenty－five7：20twentypastseven11：15aquarterpasteleven5：55fivetosix9：31twenty－ninetoten④可以用來表示年代如：1980年nineteeneighty⑤可以用來表示年齡如：Heistenyearsold.“基數詞“基數詞+名詞+......”構成復合形容詞作定語如：Heisatenyearoldboy.Itafiveminutewalkfromthelibrarytotheplayground.⑥可以用來表示事物編號如：No.TenMiddleSchool第十中學308NanjingRoad南京路308號Room209房間209Section3/Part3第三部分⑦可以用于某些數學算式如：Threeandtwoisfive.3+2=5Tenminusfiveisfive.105=5Threemultipliedbyfourmakestwelve.3×4=12Sixteendividedbyfourisfour.16÷4=4⑧可以用于倍數表達，”基數詞+times“表示“...是...幾倍”如：Thisroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.Thisroomisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.Thisroomisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.⑨可以用于百分數表達。百分數由“基數詞+百分號（%）”構成如：30%=thirtypercent65%=sixtyfivepercent考向二序數詞的構成和用法first1stsecond2ndthird3rdfourth4thfifth5thsixth6thseventh7theighth8thninth9thtenth10theleventh11thtwelfth12ththirteenth13thfourteenth14thfifteenth15thsixteenth16thseventeenth17theighteenth18thnineteenth19thtwentieth20thtwentyfirst21sttwentysecond22ndthirtieth30thfortieth40thfiftieth50thsixtieth60thseventieth70theightieth80thninetieth90thhundredth100thonehundredandfirst101st(1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分別是first,second,third。(2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth是特殊的拼寫外，其余的都在相應基數詞后面加＂th＂構成。如：fourth。(3)20以上的整十的序數詞由相應的基數詞變y為i，再加＂eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth;fifty→fiftieth。(4)第一百hundredth;第一千thousandth;第一百萬millionth。(5)20以上的非整十的基數詞變序數詞時，只變化個位數。如：twentyone→twentyfirst;onehundredandone→onehundredandfirst。基數詞變序數詞記憶口訣基變序，有規律，詞尾加上th。一，二，三，特殊記，詞尾字母t，d，d。八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，ty將y變成i，th前面有個e。若是碰到幾十幾，前用基來后用序。整十基數變序數，先把ty變成tie，要是遇上兩位數，十位基數，個位序，th最后加上去。序數詞的用法①序數詞的前面一般要用定冠詞the表示”第幾“的意思如：Youarethesecondonetoknowtheway.你是第二個知道方法的人當序數詞前有形容詞性當序數詞前有形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格修飾，序數詞前不用theThisismythirdquestion./BettyisLinda’sfirstgoodfriend.這是我的第三個問題貝蒂是琳達第一個好朋友We’llreaditasecondtime.我們將再讀一遍當當表示”又一，再一“時，序數詞前不用the，但可加不定冠詞a/an②可以用于年、月、日的表達；年、月用基數詞，日用序數詞如：Maythefirst/thefirstofMay5月1日Augusttheeighth/theeighthofAugust8月1日March18th,19781978年3月18日③可以用于分數的表達；分子是基數詞，分母是序數詞；當分子大于1時，分母用復數形式如：twofifthsonethirdsixsevenths注意：1/2通常讀作a(one)half1/4可讀作a(one)fourth或a(one)quarter④表示編號的時候，經常把基數詞放在名詞的前面表示順序相當于the＋序數詞＋名詞，也可以用“名詞+基數詞”如：LessonFive＝thefifthlesson第五課⑤可以用于倍數表達，”基數詞+times“表示“...是...幾倍”=twice/double=twice/double如：Thisroomistwotimesasbigasthatone.=twice/double=twice/doubleThisroomistwotimesbiggerthanthatone.=twice/doubleThisroomistwotimesthesizeofthatone.=twice/double考向三分數的表達法分數是由基數詞作分子，序數詞作分母構成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情況外，序數詞都要用復數。?1/3onethird7/9sevenninths【注意】一些特殊的分數表達法：?ahalf二分之一aquarter=onefourth四分之一threequarters=threefourth四分之三一、單項選擇1．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·模擬預測）Hereisthemenuofarestaurant.Jimusuallyordersasoup,afruitsalad,apizzaandacupofcoffeeforlunch.TodayisspecialThursday.Hewillspend________dollarsonhislunch.SoupisfreeforspecialThursdaySoup&SaladMaindishesDrinksSoup$4Pizza$18Coffee$3Potatosalad$5Pancake$10Tea$2Fruitsalad$6Pie$8Juice$1A．31 B．4 C．272．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中學校考模擬預測）________ofthestudentsinourclass________goingtothesummercampinXiamennextweek.A．Twofifths;is B．Secondfifths;are C．Twofifths;are3．（2023·甘肅臨夏·統考模擬預測）TheGreatWallisasymbolofChina.________travelersfromallovertheworldvisititeveryyear.A．Tenmillionsof B．Tenmillions C．Millionof D．Millionsof4．（2023·四川瀘州·統考二模）—Xi’anisabeautifulcitywithapopulationofabout13________.—Yes.Andeveryyear________oftouristsvisitit.A．million;million B．millions;millionC．million;millions D．millions;millions5．（2023·重慶永川·統考一模）Thereare________picturesandthe________oneismyfamilyphoto.A．two;first B．two;two C．first;first D．first;two6．（2023·甘肅白銀·統考二模）About________ofthestudentsinourclasslikeancientpoemsandtheycanwritesomebythemselves.A．twothird B．secondthree C．twothirds D．secondthrees7．（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯考三模）Mygrandparentsliveinanoldbuildingwith________floorsandtheirflatisonthe________floor.A．sixth;three B．sixth;third C．six;three D．six;third8．（2023·黑龍江佳木斯·統考三模）About________oftheworkersinthefactorywereborninthe________.A．twofifths;1970 B．twofifth;1970 C．twofifths;1970s9．（2023·湖北恩施·統考二模）NationalDayisinOctober,the________monthoftheyear,andiscelebratedbypeoplealloverthecountry.A．ten B．tenth C．ninth10．（2023·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·統考三模）Shakespeareismyfavoritewriter.It’ssaidthat________ofhisplayswerewritteninhis________.A．onethirds；fifties B．onethird；fifty C．onethird；fifties11．（2023·福建泉州·統考三模）JanehasbeentoQuanzhoutwicebeforeandthisishertimetoehere.A．second B．third C．fourth12．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·哈爾濱市第十七中學校校考三模）—DoyouknowJuly1stof2023isthe________birthdayoftheCPC（中國共產黨）?—Ofcourse.Thankstoit,Chinesearepullingtogethertoachievethesecondcentenarygoals.A．onehundredandtwo B．onehundredthandsecond C．onehundredandsecond13．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統考二模）Lunchisimportantforstudents.Someofthemchoose“OutsideSmallTable”.Parentshavedifferentopinionsaboutit.________parentsof500worryaboutthat“OutsideSmallTable”hashealthtrouble.OpinionSatisfyingpersonalneedBadeatingenvironmentHavinghealthtroublePercentage25%35%?A．150 B．100 C．20014．（2023·甘肅白銀·統考三模）Ataquartertofive,ImetGinainthelibrary.A．4:15 B．4:45 C．5:15 D．5:4515．（2023·黑龍江雞西·統考一模）Theriveris________deep.Itisdangerousforyoungkidstoplayorswiminit.A．twoandhalfmeter B．twoandonehalfmeters C．twoandahalfmeters二、語法選擇（2023·廣東廣州·統考二模）YuanLongping,knownasthe“fatherofhybridrice”,diedattheageof91inChangshainMay2021,16hislegacyliveson,mostrecentlywiththesuccessfuldevelopmentofthe“hugerice”.Itistwiceastallasmonrice17isusuallyaboutonemetertall.In2018,hisspecialtypeofrice18inChongqingfor15mu.Itwasgrown19Mayandharvestedfourmonthslater.Eachmuofthefields20about750—900kilograms.Thistypeofriceisnotonlystrongandtall,butalsoresistanttoflood.Itcan21bringmanynutrientstoplantsnearbyandprovide22goodlivingenvironmentforanimalsinwater.23thewaterinthericefieldsis6080centimetersdeep,it24evenbeusedtoraisefishes.Fromnextyear,“thegiantrice”willbeplantedin25muoffieldsinChongqing.Yuanoncetoldthereporter26hedreamed:to“enjoythecoolshadebeneathriceplants27thanmen”andtoseehybridricegrownallovertheworldtohelpsolvetheglobalfoodshortage.But28,hecan’tseethisachievement.Manypeoplepostedonlinetopaytribute（致敬）toYuanafter29thesuccessofdevelopingthe“giantrice”,saying“30dreamisgraduallyingtrue.Canyouseeit?”16．A．and B．but C．so D．or17．A．which B．who C．whom D．whose18．A．planted B．plants C．wasplanted D．wasplanting19．A．on B．in C．for D．with20．A．produce B．produces C．produced D．wasproducing21．A．also B．too C．either D．aswell22．A．a B．an C．the D．/23．A．Because B．Unless C．Although D．When24．A．can B．may C．must D．should25．A．thousand B．thousands C．thousandof D．thousandsof26．A．why B．that C．what D．how27．A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．thetallest28．A．sad B．sadly C．moresadly D．mostsadly29．A．toknow B．knew C．knows D．knowing30．A．You B．Your C．Yours D．Yourself三、用所給單詞適當形式填空31．（2023·云南昆明·昆明八中校考模擬預測）Theoldmanisinhis,butheseemshealthyandhappy.(sixty)32．（2023·甘肅武威·統考模擬預測）MayesafterAprilanditisthe(five)monthofayear.33．（2023·甘肅平涼·?？寄M預測）Iaminmy(three)yearinthismiddleschool.34．（2023·甘肅臨夏·統考模擬預測）China’sNationalDayesinOctober,the(ten)monthoftheyear.35．（2023·甘肅定西·校考模擬預測）Theoldmanlivesonthe(twelve)floor.36．（2023·甘肅定西·統考模擬預測）SeventyyearoldFrankisthe(fortyfive)presidentofourschool.37．（2023·湖南永州·統考二模）Thisyearisthe(twentyeight)WorldReadingDay.38．（2023·江蘇鎮江·統考二模）Accordingtoarecentsurvey,onlytwo(five)oftheworkingmotherswanttohaveasecondchild.39．（2023·云南昆明·統考二模）TreePlantingDayisontheofMarch.Weplantmanytreesthatdayeveryyear.(twelve)40．