ICS

19.100

CCS

J04

中華人民共和國國家標準

GB/T15822.1—2024/ISO9934?1:2016

代替GB/T15822.1—2005

無損檢測磁粉檢測第1部分：總則

Non?destructivetesting—Magneticparticletesting—Part1:Generalprinciples

(ISO9934-1:2016,IDT)

2024-09-29發布2024-09-29實施

國家市場監督管理總局發布

國家標準化管理委員會

GB/T15822.1—2024/ISO9934?1:2016

目次

前言

·····································································································

Ⅲ

引言

·····································································································

Ⅳ

1

范圍

··································································································

1

2

規范性引用文件

······················································································

1

3

術語和定義

···························································································

1

4

人員資格鑒定與認證

·················································································

1

5

安全與環境

···························································································

2

6

檢測規程

······························································································

2

7

表面準備

······························································································

2

8

磁化

··································································································

2

8.1

通用要求

·························································································

2

8.2

磁化驗證

·························································································

3

8.3

磁化技術

·························································································

3

9

檢測介質

······························································································

9

9.1

介質性能與選擇

·················································································

9

9.2

檢測介質檢測

····················································································

9

9.3

檢測介質施加

····················································································

9

10

觀察條件

····························································································

9

11

綜合性能檢測

·······················································································

9

12

顯示記錄與解釋

·····················································································

9

13

退磁

································································································

10

14

清洗

································································································

10

15

檢測報告

···························································································

10

附錄A（資料性）

各種磁化技術中達到規定切向磁場強度所需電流的計算示例

····················

11

A.1

概述

····························································································

11

A.2軸向通電（8.3.2.1和圖1）

····································································

11

A.3觸頭通電（8.3.2.2、圖2和圖3）

····························································

11

A.4感應電流（8.3.2.3和圖4）

···································································

11

A.5穿過導體（8.3.3.1和圖5）

····································································

12

A.6近體導體（8.3.3.2、圖6和圖7）

·····························································

12

A.7剛性線圈（8.3.3.5和圖10）

··································································

12

A.8柔性電纜繞制線圈（8.3.3.6和圖11）

························································

12

A.9波形（表A.1）

················································································

13

參考文獻

································································································

14

Ⅰ

GB/T15822.1—2024/ISO9934?1:2016

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標準化工作導則第1部分：標準化文件的結構和起草規則》的規

定起草。

本文件是GB/T15822《無損檢測磁粉檢測》的第1部分。GB/T15822已經發布了以下3個

部分：

—第1部分：總則；

—第2部分：檢測介質；

—第3部分：設備。

本文件代替GB/T15822.1—2005《無損檢測磁粉檢測第1部分：總則》，與GB/T15822.1—

2005相比，除結構調整和編輯性改動外，主要技術變化如下：

a）更改了安全與環境要求（見第5章，2005年版的第5章）；

b）更改了檢測工藝規程（見第6章，2005年版的第6章）；

c）更改了磁化一般要求（見8.1，2005年版的8.1）；

d）更改了磁化驗證（見8.2，2005年版的8.2）；

e）增加了磁化技術的總體要求（見8.3.1）；

f）更改了便攜式電磁體（磁軛）的設備要求（見8.3.3.4，2005年版的8.3.2.4）；

g）更改了剛性線圈的工件規格要求（見8.3.3.5，2005年版的8.3.2.5）；

h）刪除了觀察條件對彩色介質和熒光介質的規定（見2005年版的10.1和10.2）；

i）更改了退磁要求（見第13章，2005年版的第13章）。

本文件等同采用ISO9934?1：2016《無損檢測磁粉檢測第1部分：總則》。

請注意本文件的某些內容可能涉及專利。本文件的發布機構不承擔識別專利的責任。

本文件由全國無損檢測標準化技術委員會（SAC/TC56）提出并歸口。

本文件起草單位：上海鍋爐廠有限公司、上海材料研究所有限公司、中國特種設備檢測研究院、

江蘇省特種設備安全監督檢驗研究院、杭州市特種設備檢驗科學研究院（杭州市特種設備應急處置中

心）、廣東省特種設備檢測研究院。

本文件主要起草人：尹遜玉、蔣建生、朱宇龍、潘強華、李緒豐、丁杰、唐光勇、馬向東、王磊、

張佩銘、許雷輝。

本文件于1995年首次發布，2005年第一次修訂，本次為第二次修訂。

Ⅲ

GB/T15822.1—2024/ISO9934?1:2016

引言

磁粉檢測是無損檢測常規方法之一，廣泛應用于機械、冶金、航天、航空、石油、船舶、鐵道等領

域的鐵磁性材料及產品的表面和近表面缺陷。

GB/T15822旨在規范開展磁粉檢測活動。GB/T15822擬由3個部分構成。

—第1部分：總則。目的在于規定磁粉檢測的總體要求。

—第2部分：檢測介質。目的在于規定磁粉檢測產品（包括磁懸液、干磁粉、載液和反差增強

劑）的主要特性及其性能核查方法。

—第3部分：設備。目的在于規定用于磁粉檢測設備的性能、實用性方面的最低要求和測量特定

參數的方法。

本文件是GB/T15822的第1部分。本次對GB/T15822.1—2005進行修訂，明確且細化被檢工件

的表面準備、磁化技術、檢測介質的要求與施加、檢測結果的記錄與解釋的要求，促進磁粉檢測規范

化，保障產品質量及服役安全具有重要的意義。

Ⅳ

GB/T15822.1—2024/ISO9934?1:2016

無損檢測磁粉檢測第1部分：總則

1范圍

本文件規定了鐵磁性材料磁粉檢測總則。磁粉檢測主要用于檢測表面開口的不連續，尤其是裂紋。

磁粉檢測也能檢測近表面的不連續，但其靈敏度隨深度增加而迅速降低。

本文件規定了被檢工件的表面準備、磁化技術、檢測介質的要求與施加、檢測結果的記錄與解釋。

本文件未涉及驗收準則。對于特殊工件磁粉檢測的附加要求，由產品標準規定。

本文件不適用于剩磁法。

2規范性引用文件

下列文件中的內容通過文中的規范性引用而構成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日期對應的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用

于本文件。

ISO3059無損檢測滲透檢測和磁粉檢測觀察條件（Non?destructivetesting—Penetranttest?

ingandmagneticparticletesting—Viewingconditions）

注：GB/T5097—2020無損檢測滲透檢測和磁粉檢測觀察條件（ISO3059:2012，IDT）

ISO9934?2無損檢測磁粉檢第2部分：檢測介質（Non?destructivetesting—Magnetic

particletesting—Part2:Detectionmedia）

注：GB/T15822.2—2024無損檢測磁粉檢測第2部分：檢測介