Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會意1．gatewayn．通向……的門戶2．oasisn．(沙漠中的)綠洲3．grotton．小洞穴4．testimonyn．證據；證明5．muraln．壁畫6．Apsarasn．飛天7．immortaln．神8．heavenlyadj.天國的9．Taoistpriest道士10．scrolln．紙卷，卷軸11．ceramicsn．陶瓷制品12．crossroadsn．活動中心，匯集地13．expon．展覽會，博覽會14．IChing《易經》15．TheAnalects《論語》16．Sinologistn．漢學家17．shepherdn．牧羊人18．chambern．房間19．kingdomn．王國Ⅱ.重點單詞——記形1．boastv．(地方、機構等)自豪地擁有(好的事物)2．statuen．雕像；塑像3．peakn．高峰，頂點v．達到巔峰4．departmentn．(大學的)系，部5．templen．廟宇，寺院6．tunen．曲調，旋律7．geniusn．天才，天賦8．enormousadj.巨大的，龐大的Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．gloriousadj.輝煌的→gloryn．光榮；輝煌2．religiousadj.宗教的→religionn．宗教3．strengthenv．(使)變強；加強→strengthn．力量；體力；優勢→strongadj.強壯的4．coveragen．覆蓋范圍；新聞報道→coverv．遮蓋；包含；報道；支付→coveringn．覆蓋物→uncoverv．揭發5．scholarn．學者→scholarshipn．獎學金；學問6．instituten．學院；研究院→institutionn．機構；習俗；制度7．historiann．歷史學家→historyn．歷史→historicadj.歷史上著名(或重要)的；有史時期的→historicaladj.(有關)歷史的8．prioradj.先前的；較早的→priorityn．優先事項；優先(權)9．romancen．傳奇故事→romanticadj.富于幻想的；浪漫的→romanticismn．浪漫主義10．stratagemn．計謀，策略→strategyn．戰略；策略→strategicadj.戰略性的1．disclose/dIs'kl??z/vt.(formal)揭露；透露；公開2．expel/Ik'spel/vt.除名；驅逐；排出3．confidential/?k?nfI'den?l/adj.機密的；隱秘的；受信任的4．fortnight/'f??tnaIt/n．兩星期5．allowance/?'la??ns/n．津貼；補助；零用錢6．suspicious/s?'spI??s/adj.可疑的；懷疑的7．kneel/ni?l/vi.(knelt/nelt/，kneltorkneeled，kneeled)跪著；跪下8．presently/'prezntli/adv.馬上；現在；此刻9．elbow/'elb??/n．肘；肘部vt.用肘推、擠10．squeeze/skwi?z/vi.&vt.擠；捏Ⅳ.背核心短語1．priorto在……之前，先于2．lookup抬頭看；查閱……3．betestimonyto……的證明4．varyfrom...to...從……變化到……5．astone’sthrow一箭之地；附近6．datefrom/datebackto追溯到；始于；起源于7．sealup封閉；密封8．fadefrom從……逐漸消失9．beexposedto接觸；面臨著；暴露于10．keepaneyeon留意；留神；照看11．onthewhole總的來說；大體上12．thinkhighlyof高度贊揚13．strikeachord引起共鳴Ⅴ.悟經典句式1．Gradually，itfadedfrommemory，eventhoughitwasoncesuchagreatcity.(eventhough引導讓步狀語從句)盡管敦煌曾經是一個如此繁華的大城市，但它還是漸漸淡出了人們的記憶。2．Dunhuanghasonceagainbecomeaglobalcrossroadssinceithostedhundredsofrepresentativesfrom51countriesfortheSilkRoadInternationalCulturalExpoin2017.(since引導時間狀語從句)2017年，51個國家的數百名代表齊聚此地，參加絲綢之路國際文化博覽會，敦煌再次成為世界的活動中心。3．IfellinlovewithDreamoftheRedChamberthefirsttimeIreadit，andwasdeterminedtotranslateitintoBulgarian.(thefirsttime引導時間狀語從句)我第一次讀到《紅樓夢》時就愛上了它，并決心把它譯成保加利亞語。4．Nowthatthisdreamhascometrue，mynextgoalistotranslateTheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.(nowthat引導原因狀語從句)既然這個夢想已經實現了，我的下一個目標是翻譯《三國演義》。5．EachyearseesmoreworksbyChinesewriterspublishedintheNetherlands，andtheyarewell-received.(無生命名詞作主語)每年都有更多中國作家的作品在荷蘭出版，并且它們很受歡迎。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共10分)1．gatewayn．通向……的門戶2．oasisn．(沙漠中的)綠洲3．grotton．小洞穴4．testimonyn．證據；證明5．muraln．壁畫6．scrolln．紙卷，卷軸7．ceramicsn．陶瓷制品8．crossroadsn．活動中心，匯集地9．expon．展覽會，博覽會10．shepherdn．牧羊人Ⅱ.重點單詞(每小題2分，共16分)1．statuen．雕像；塑像2．boastv．(地方、機構等)自豪地擁有(好的事物)3．peakn．高峰，頂點v達到巔峰4．tunen．曲調，旋律5．templen．廟宇，寺院6．geniusn．天才，天賦7．departmentn．(大學的)系，部8．enormousadj.巨大的，龐大的Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2分，共10分)1．historiann．歷史學家→historyn．歷史→historicadj.歷史上著名(或重要)的；有史時期的→historicaladj.(有關)歷史的2．scholarn．學者→scholarshipn．獎學金；學問3．instituten．學院；研究院→institutionn．機構；習俗；制度4．romancen．傳奇故事→romanticadj.富于幻想的；浪漫的→romanticismn．浪漫主義5．stratagemn．計謀，策略→strategyn．戰略；策略→strategicadj.戰略性的Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．disclosevt.揭露；透露；公開2．allowancen．津貼；補助；零用錢3．suspiciousadj.可疑的；懷疑的4．elbown．肘；肘部vt.用肘推、擠5．squeezevi.&vt.擠；捏Ⅴ.核心短語(每小題2分，共12分)1．betestimonyto……的證明2．datefrom/datebackto追溯到；始于；起源于3．fadefrom從……逐漸消失4．onthewhole總的來說；大體上5．strikeachord引起共鳴6．keepaneyeon留意；留神；照看Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題3分，共12分)1．Thosemedalsstoodforhispastgloryandoftenremindedhimofhisgloriousaccomplishments.(glory)2．Althoughhedoesn’tbelieveinanyreligion，herespectsothers’religiousfreedom.(religion)3．Asweallknow，takingexercisecanstrengthenourbody，andmakeusstrong.(strength)4．Accordingtothenewestmediacoverage，thenewlyfoundevidenceuncoveredhiscriminaloffencethoughhetriedtocoverit.(cover)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題3分，共15分)eq\x(priorto，beexposedto，thinkhighlyof，varyfrom...to...，lookup)1．Astothequestionwhetherstudentsshouldcarrymobilestoschool，opinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.2．Everyclassroomisequippedwithacomputer，throughwhichwecanlookuptheinformationondifferentwebsites.3．PriortoleavingforChina，hehaslearnedsometraditionalChinesecustoms.Howwiseheis!4．WhenyoucometoChina，youcanbeexposedtotheChineselanguageandtheChineseculture.5．Mostofthestudentsthinkhighlyofthisexhibition，whichprovidesaplatformforthemtoexplorethebeautyofChina.Ⅲ.經典句型仿寫(每小題4分，共20分)1．自去年他們兩人面對面交流了以后，湯姆就已經向他哥哥讓步了。(since引導時間狀語從句)Tomhasgivenintohisbrothersincetheyhadatalkfacetofacelastyear.2．既然你喜歡乒乓球，我想邀請你加入校隊。(nowthat引導原因狀語從句)Nowthatyouarefondoftabletennis，I’dliketoinviteyoutojointheschoolteam.3．互聯網使朋友和家人能夠很容易地保持聯系，即使他們在世界的兩端。(eventhough引導讓步狀語從句)TheInternethasmadeitpossibleforfriendsandfamilytokeepintoucheasilyeventhoughtheyareonoppositesidesoftheworld.4．這位內斂的學者第一次登上舞臺時，一看到觀眾就驚慌失措。(thefirsttime引導時間狀語從句)Theintrovertedscholarpanickedatthesightoftheaudiencethefirsttimehesteppedonthestage.5．過去的十年見證了這個公園是如何從一個植物稀少的地方發展成一個充滿綠樹和五彩繽紛的花朵的世界的。(無生命名詞作主語)Thepasttenyearswitnessedhowtheparkdevelopedfromaplacewithfewplantstoaworldfullofgreentreesandcolorfulflowers.TomisafamoushistorianinafamousinstitutewholikestoreadhistoricalnovelssuchasTheRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.Aftergraduation1.fromcollege，hewenttoaresearchinstituteandworkedas2.aprofessorinthedepartmentofhistory.3.Being(be)avisitingscholar，hehasstudiedinmanycountries.Priortohisretirement，he4.wassent(send)toMogaoGrottoesinDunhuangwhichboastsaglorioushistorytostudymuralsandstatues.Intheprocessofresearch，hefoundthatthe5.themes(theme)ofenormousDunhuangmuralswererelatedtoreligiousstoriesand6.daily(day)lifescenes.Thelevelofartists7.peaked(peak)intheTangDynasty.Inresponsetothedestructionofthemurals，Tomputforwardtherestorationstratagem,8.whichhelpedstrengthenpeople’sprotection9.awareness(aware)．Hemadeavideoofthe10.repaired(repair)muralsanddisplayedthematatraditionalcultureExpo，whichappealedtopeople’sattention.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯strengthenv．(使)變強；加強；鞏固(strengthn．力量；體力；強項；優勢；意志力strongadj.強壯的)strengthsandweaknesses優點和缺點buildupone’sstrength強身健體(1)(讀后續寫之動作描寫)Angrily，hepulledthewirefencewithallhisstrength(strong)．(2)(2021·全國乙，書面表達)在線學習有優點也有缺點，要成為明智的在線學習者，我們必須區分不同的在線學習材料。Onlinelearninghasstrengthsandweaknesses；tobesmartonlinelearners，wemustdistinguishdifferentlearningmaterialsonline.(3)(應用文寫作之活動安排)為了強身健體，我們經常組織各種各樣的活動，例如打籃球、打乒乓球等。Tobuildup/strengthenourstrength，weoftenholdvariouskindsofactivities，suchasplayingbasketballandtabletennis.lookup抬頭看；查閱lookdownupon/on蔑視；輕視；瞧不起lookupto尊敬；仰視lookbackon/upon回憶；回顧lookthrough瀏覽；仔細查看用look短語的正確形式填空(1)(應用文寫作之建議信)Isuggestlookingthroughthearticleandthenlookingupthenewwordsyoucomeacrossinthedictionaryandyou’dbetterstrengthenthemafterclass.(2)Weshouldn’tlookdownupon/onthedisabled；onthecontrary，weshouldrespectthem.(3)Iliketolookbackon/uponmyhighschooldays，whicharethehappiestinmylife.(4)ThereasonwhyIlookuptothescholaristhathisworksareinspiring.varyfrom...to...從……變化到……；從……到……不等(varyv．變化；不同variousadj.各種各樣的；不同的varietyn．種類；多樣性；變化)·varywith隨……變化varyin在某方面不同·avarietyof＝varietiesof種種的；各種各樣的(1)Thescholarinthisfamousinstitutesaysthatthevarietyofthingsprovidedtochoosefromis(be)oneofthereasonsforshoppingtoomuch.(2)Inourdepartmentofforeignlanguagesthestudentsvaryinheightfrom150cmto170cm.(3)(2022·天津6月，書面表達)我們的英語口語俱樂部經常組織各種各樣的有意義的活動，鼓勵我們獲得樂趣的同時說英語。而且，這些活動隨季節而變化。OurSpokenEnglishClubregularlyorganizesavarietyof/varietiesof/variousmeaningfulactivities，encouragingustospeakEnglishaswellasgetpleasure.Besides，theseactivitiesvarywithseasons.(4)(話題寫作之個人情況)我有許多愛好，從打籃球到彈鋼琴不等。Ihaveanumberofhobbies，whichvaryfromplayingbasketballtoplayingthepiano/varyingfromplayingbasketballtoplayingthepiano.用法點撥“avarietyof＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞原則上與它所修飾的名詞的數保持一致；“thevarietyof＋名詞復數”意為“……的種類”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。keepaneyeon留意；留神；照看haveaneyefor對……有鑒賞力/識別力catchone’seye引起某人的注意intheeyesofsb/inone’seyes在某人看來looksbintheeye直視某人(1)申請者應該注意提交申請的最后期限。Applicantsshouldkeepaneyeonthedeadlineforsubmittingapplications.(2)(應用文寫作之推薦信)在我看來，我們的班長對藝術作品很有鑒賞力，我堅信他能成為一名合格的博物館志愿者。Intheeyesofme/Inmyeyes，ourmonitorhasaneyeforartisticworksandIfirmlybelievethathecanbeaqualifiedvolunteerinthemuseum.(3)(2022·新課標Ⅰ，讀后續寫)我看著大衛的眼睛，強調巨大的挑戰會讓他變得更強，而不是更弱。IlookedDavidintheeyeandemphasizedthatenormouschallengescouldmakehimstrongerratherthanweaker.(4)(2023·浙江1月，讀后續寫)就在那時，一只鳥的叫聲引起了我的注意，我好奇地走上前看看那是什么。ItwasthenthatthesoundsofabirdcaughtmyeyeandIwalkedforwardtoseewhatitwaswithcuriosity.無生命名詞作主語EachyearseesmoreworksbyChinesewriterspublishedintheNetherlands，andtheyarewell-received.每年都有更多中國作家的作品在荷蘭出版，并且它們很受歡迎。無生命名詞作主語是一種擬人的手法，用來增添語言色彩，可分為以下幾類：·表示時間、地點等的名詞作主語，常用witness，see，find等動詞作謂語；·表示生理、心理狀態的名詞或表示某種遭遇的名詞(如word，anger，faith，idea，courage，desire等)作主語，用fail，desert，escape等動詞作謂語；·具有行為和動作意義的名詞作主語，常用含有使役意義的動詞(如remind，make，let等)作謂語。(1)Thelastfewyearshaveseen(see)environmentaldisastersonagrandscale，andexpertsarepredictingfarworsetocome.(2)Whenhe，ageniusartist，sawthemuralsforthefirsttime，wordsfailed(fail)him.(3)看到這些照片讓我想起了我的童年時代。Thesightofthesepicturesmademeremember/remindedmeofmychildhood.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．covereq\x(A.v.涉及B.v.報道C.v.足以支付；夠付D.v.占一片面積E.n.封面，封皮)(1)Thesurveycoversallaspectsofthebusiness.A(2)Yourparentswillhavetocoveryourtuitionfees.C(3)TheBBCwillcoverallthemajorgamesofthetournament.B(4)(2023·新課標Ⅱ)Morerecently，asbookshavebecomeinexpensiveoreventhrowaway，artistshaveusedthemastherawmaterialforartworks—transformingcovers，pagesorevencompletevolumesintopaintingsandsculptures.E(5)(2022·新課標Ⅰ)CoveringanareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark，theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.D2．peakeq\x(A.山峰B.頂峰，頂點C.帽舌)(1)Althoughsheisatthepeakofhercareer，sheispessimistic.B(2)Theclimbersmadecamphalfwayupthepeak.A(3)Themantouchedthepeakofhiscap.C3．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思(1)Agoodeducationisthegatewaytosuccess.途徑；方法(2)Theyhavereachedacrossroadsintheirrelationship.關鍵時期Ⅱ.核心知識強化練——鞏固語言知識1．Therewerevarious(vary)reasonswhyhegaveawayallhispossessions.2．AsfarasIknow，itis/hasbeen(be)threeyearssincewewerereunitedwitheachotherlasttime.3．TheexchangestudentislookingupthenewwordsinaChinese-Englishdictionary.4．Itisanticipatedthathedoesn’tknowthestrengths(strength)andweaknessesoftheproject，soImustremindhim.5．Priortocomingtothiscity，hehadmemorizednumerousEnglishphrases，whichmadehimproud.6．BysurfingtheInternet，MadameWhitelearntmoreaboutthevasedatingfromtheMingDynasty.7．Thesetransparentbagsaremuchmoreexpensivethanthoseboughtlastweek.8．Asweallknow，lastyearwitnessed(witness)asharpincreaseinuniversityfees.假如你是李華，某國際學校英語報Cross-culturalCommunication欄目的負責人，請你寫一則通知，呼吁全校學生向專欄投稿，內容包括：1.欄目簡介；2.稿件要求； 3.投稿方式和截止日期。完成句子1．為了增強全體學生的文化自信和民族認同，我校英文報開設了《跨文化交流》欄目。(strengthen)2．這個欄目有多種形式，從介紹我們當地具有文化特色的歷史景點到分享我們自己在國外的旅行經歷。(various；varyfrom...to...；現在分詞短語作定語)3．我們應該對國內外的多元文化有鑒賞力。(haveaneyefor)4．所有投稿人都應注意相關要求：您的文章應限制在500字以內，并且必須包括您的班級和姓名。(keepaneyeon)5．機不可失，時不再來。(無生命名詞作主語)組句成篇把以上句子用適當的過渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文NoticeTostrengthentheculturalconfidenceandnationalidentityofallstudents，theEnglishnewspaperofourschoolhassetupacolumnofCross-culturalCommunication，whichisavailabletobothourstudentsandforeignexchangestudents.Thiscolumnhasvariousforms，varyingfromintroducingourlocalhistoricalsiteswithculturalcharacteristicstosharingourowntravelexperiencesinforeigncountries.Wearesupposedtohaveaneyefordiverseculturesathomeandabroad.Allthecontributorsshouldkeepaneyeontherelevantrequirements：Yourarticleshouldbelimitedto500wordsandyourclassandnamemustbeincluded.Youcansendanemailtoenglishnewspaper@163.com.Thedeadlineis5p．m.thisSaturday.Opportunityneverknockstwice.Let’stellChina’sstoriesandexchangeChineseandforeignculturestogether.SchoolEnglishNewspaper教材語料整合亮詞[場景描寫]gateway；oasis；statue；mural；grotto；glorious；enormous；peak；crossroads[人物描寫]scholar；Sinologist；shepherd；historian；genius美句1.Comealittlebitclosersothatyoucangetabetterview.(動作描寫)2．TheApsarasaredepictedsailinginthebrightbluesky，withtheirscarvesflying，asiftheyareabouttoflydowntomeetus.(比喻句)3．IwasamazedbyChinesekungfu，ofcourse—everyoneloveskungfu，don’tthey？(情感描寫)拓展語料積累動作描寫恰當的動作描寫可以更好地交代人物的身份和地位，表現人物的心理活動，使人物更加立體形象。常見的動作鏈公式有：公式1主語＋動詞1，動詞2and動詞3Ijumpedoffthehelicopter，dashedtomywifeandtookherintomyarms.我跳下直升機，沖向我的妻子，把她抱在懷里。公式2主語＋動詞1and動詞2，非謂語動詞(可前可后)Isteppedontothestageandstoodthere，tremblingwithoutcontrol.我走上舞臺，站在那里，不由自主地顫抖著。公式3主語＋動詞，非謂語動詞＋and＋非謂語動詞(可前可后)Thechildrenwanderedtothesquare，chattingandlaughing.孩子們又說又笑地向廣場走去。語料運用文化交流TherewasatimewhenaneighborinvitedXieLeiandherhostfamilytohavedinnerduringwhichXieLeiwouldliketospreadChineseculture.①Bringingherhandmadedumplings，XieLeifollowedherhostfamilyandsteppedintotheneighbor’shouse(非謂語動詞，主語＋動詞1and動詞2)．②Warmlywelcomed，XieLeisatdownonthesofa，chattingwiththemheartilyabouteachother’scolorfulcustomsandfestivals(非謂語動詞，主語＋動詞，非謂語動詞)．Atlast，XieLeitaughtthemhowtomakedumplings，whicharousedtheirinterest.At9pm③XieLeiandherhostfamilysaidgoodbyetotheneighbor，headedbackandtalkedaboutthebeautifulevening(主語＋動詞1，動詞2and動詞3)．有一次，一位鄰居邀請謝蕾和她的寄宿家庭共進晚餐，在此期間謝蕾想要傳播中國文化。謝蕾帶著自己親手包的餃子，跟著寄宿家庭走進了鄰居家。謝蕾在熱烈的歡迎下，坐在沙發上，興致勃勃地和他們聊著彼此豐富多彩的風俗和節日。最后，謝蕾教他們如何包餃子，這引起了他們的興趣。晚上9點，謝蕾和她的寄宿家庭告別了鄰居，返回，并談論這個美好的夜晚。高考題型組合練39提示：帶★的文章和單元主題相關Ⅰ.閱讀理解AHaven’tappreciatedartforalongtime？Don’tworry，NationalCentreforthePerformingArts(NCPA)hasarrangedsomethingreallyamazingforyou.Let’scheckwhat’son!FlowerRainontheSilkRoadPlace：OperaHouseTime：January23－27,19：00－20：30Price：￥60－880(clickhereforspecificpricefordifferentseats)About：AclassicalChinesedancedramawhichistocelebrateChina-foreignfriendshipthatcarriesforwardtheSilkRoadspiritoffriendlycommercialinter-actionandwin-wincooperation.TheUnicornPursePlace：MainTheatreTime：January23,19：30－20：30Price：￥160－600(clickhereforspecificpricefordifferentseats)About：Jingju，orBeijingOpera；aninterestingstoryabouthowamannamedYangYanzhaosavestheprincessandmarriesherinLiaoDynasty.MinimalistCreationPlace：Multi-functionalTheatreTime：January25－27,14：30－15：30,19：30－20：30Price：￥328About：Magicperformanceswiththeunexpectedcombinationssuchas，aplasticbag，aplasticpipe，andothercommonitemsindailylife，whichwillmakechildrenhaveaperiodofwarmandfuntime.NewYear’sConcertofBeijingPlace：ConcertHallTime：January26－27,19：30－21：10Price：￥100－600(clickhereforspecificpricefordifferentseats)About：Altogether20piecesofmasterpieces，conductedbyLiBowei.KindlyReminderExceptforsomechildren’splays，it’snotallowedforchildrenwithheightof120cmorundertoentertheconcerthall.BoxOfficeNorthGateofNCPA，No.2WestChang’anAvenue，XichengDistrict，Beijing，P.R.ChinaTicketscollectionhours9：30－19：30onperformanceday9：30－18：00fordayswithoutperformanceBookingLine＋861066550000BookingHours9：30－18：00(CST)MondaytoFridaySeatingChartWemakeeveryefforttoensuretheaccuracyoftheinformation.However，thehours，prices，andprogramdetailsmayvaryduetolastminutechanges.語篇解讀這是一篇應用文，介紹了國家大劇院一月上演節目的簡況以及訂票信息。1．Whichoneisthemostsuitableforafamilywithkids?A．FlowerRainontheSilkRoad.B．TheUnicornPurse.C．MinimalistCreation.D．NewYear’sConcertofBeijing.答案C解析細節理解題。根據MinimalistCreation部分中“whichwillmakechildrenhaveaperiodofwarmandfuntime”以及KindlyReminder部分“Exceptforsomechildren’splays，it’snotallowedforchildrenwithheightof120cmorundertoentertheconcerthall”可知，只有MinimalistCreation最適合有孩子的家庭觀看，故選C。2．Howmuchdoyouhavetopayatleasttoenjoypuremusic?A．￥60. B．￥100.C．￥160. D．￥328.答案B解析細節理解題。根據NewYear’sConcertofBeijing部分中“Price：￥100－600”可知，要欣賞純音樂，只能去北京新年音樂會，票價在100－600元之間，最低票價為100元，故選B。3．Whichinformationwillnotchangebeforethebeginningofaplay?A．Contactways. B．Lastinghours.C．Ticketprices. D．Programdetails.答案A解析細節理解題。根據SeatingChart部分“Wemakeeveryefforttoensuretheaccuracyoftheinformation.However，thehours，prices，andprogramdetailsmayvaryduetolastminutechanges.”可知，信息在戲劇開始前不會改變的是聯系方式，故選A。B(2023·浙江1月，C)Amachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess,itcanalsooutperformyouindebate.Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel’sformernationaldebatingchampion.Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.Suchwrinkleswillnodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointtoafundamentalproblem.AsKristianHammond,professorofelectricalengineeringandcomputerscienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit：“There’sneverastageatwhichthesystemknowswhatit’stalkingabout.”WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Acomputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.Humans,inthinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsoworkwithsymbols.Butforhumans,meaningiseverything.Whenwecommunicate,wecommunicatemeaning.Whatmattersisnotjusttheoutsideofastringofsymbols,buttheinsidetoo,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbutwhattheymean.Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads.Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations.Itisthisthatdistinguisheshumansfrommachines.Andthat’swhy,howeverastonishingProjectDebatermayseem,thetraditionthatbeganwithSocratesandConfuciuswillnotendwithartificialintelligence.語篇解讀本文是一篇新聞報道，主要介紹的是一款名為ProjectDebater的軟件程序在辯論賽中擊敗了人類對手。4．WhydoestheauthormentionNoaOvadiainthefirstparagraph?A．Toexplaintheuseofasoftwareprogram.B．ToshowtheclevernessofProjectDebater.C．TointroducethedesignerofProjectDebater.D．Toemphasizethefairnessofthecompetition.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據第一段第二句可知，ProjectDebater在一場公開辯論賽中擊敗了包括以色列的前全國辯論冠軍NoaOvadia在內的人類對手，由此推知，作者在第一段提到NoaOvadia的目的是展示ProjectDebater的聰明。故選B。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wrinkles”inparagraph2referto?A．Arguments. B．Doubts.C．Errors. D．Differences.答案C解析詞義猜測題。根據第二段前三句可知，ProjectDebater的一些缺點會使它犯一些人類不會犯的錯誤，再結合畫線詞前的such可知，wrinkles指的就是前面提到的errors。故選C。6．WhatisProjectDebaterunabletodoaccordingtoHammond?A．Createrules.B．Comprehendmeaning.C．Talkfluently.D．Identifydifficultwords.答案B解析細節理解題。根據倒數第二段的“WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning...toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.”可知，根據Hammond的說法，ProjectDebater不能理解意義。故選B。7．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Socialinteractioniskeytounderstandingsymbols.B．Thehumanbrainhaspotentialyettobedeveloped.C．Ancientphilosopherssetgoodexamplesfordebaters.D．Artificialintelligenceensureshumansabrightfuture.答案A解析細節理解題。根據最后一段第一句可知，社會互動是理解符號的關鍵。故選A。C(★)Timothywasexhaustedforheworkedextendedhours.Althoughearningalowwageandhandlingill-manneredcustomers，healwaysputservingthosewhosatathistableswellonthefrontburnerofhismind.Hewentabouthisdailydutiescarefully，puttingonasmilingfaceascustomerscomplainedaboutthefoodorquestionedthebill.Usuallyasnightdeepenedpreparingtoclosethebusiness，hewouldnoticeacoupleofcustomerswalkin，sitdownandorderdrinks.Mostofthecrewhadleftbyclosingtime，butTimothystayedtoserve.Eventually，thelastroundwasorderedandhegavethemthebill.Theminimumtipwassuggestedonthereceipt.“Tomorrowwillbebetter，”hemurmured.Butluckwouldn’talwayssmileonhim.Eveningapproaching，agroupofteenagerssteppedin.Thankfully，theywerepoliteandrespectful.Theircheerfulbehaviorbegantoaffecthim.Asalways，hedidhisbesttomaketheirdiningexperienceapleasantone.Timedraggedonandtheyfinishedtheirdrinks.Heplacedthebillonthetable，accompaniedwithsomecandies.Thegroupplacedtheirnotesonthereceiptandleftsmiling.Whenhereturnedtoclearthetable，hewasastonished.Atipof$3wassittingthere，staringathim，buttheirtotalbillamountedto$100.He’dgoneaboveandbeyondtoservethem.Howcouldtheybesorude?Laterthatweek，hebattledtobrushofftheawkwardmemories.Hearrivedatworkandexpectedittobelikeanyotherday，buttherewassomethingleftonthedeskforhim，atwohandwrittenletterfromtheteenagerswith$18attached，inwhichtheyexplainedtheywereunawareofhowtotipappropriatelyduetoitbeingtheirfirsttimeinthisbar.Everythingsuddenlymadesense.Timothythumbedupwhattheydidwithabiggrinandhewassomovedbytheirgesturethatheuploadedapictureofthelettersharingtheiradmirableefforts.Thereactionwasmorethanpositive.語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一群年輕人由于不了解小費文化，一開始給的小費太少，讓在餐廳工作的Timothy十分尷尬，還好最后年輕人認識到了自己的問題，寫信解釋了原因。8．WhatdidTimothyfocusoninhisjob?A．Gettingmoretips.B．Workinglongerhours.C．Providingbetterservice.D．Beinganicercolleague.答案C解析細節理解題。根據第一段第二句“...healwaysputservingthosewhosatathistableswellonthefrontburnerofhismind.”可知，Timothy的工作重點是提供更好的服務。故選C。9．Whatmadetheteenagersleaveatipof$3?A．Dissatisfactionwiththedrinks.B．Ignoranceofthetippingculture.C．GratefulnesstoTimothy.D．Misunderstandingofthebill.答案B解析細節理解題。根據第五段中的“...inwhichtheyexplainedtheywereunawareofhowtotipappropriatelyduetoitbeingtheirfirsttimeinthisbar.”可知，這些青少年留下了3美元的小費是因為不了解小費文化。故選B。10．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTimothy?A．Patientandhumorous.B．Positiveanddevoted.C．Generousandtolerant.D．Ambitiousandcreative.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Hewentabouthisdailydutiescarefully，puttingonasmilingfaceascustomerscomplainedaboutthefoodorquestionedthebill.”以及第二段第二句和第三段末句可推知，Timothy是個積極、對待工作很投入的人。故選B。11．Whatcanwelearnfromtheteenagers?A．Onegoodturndeservesanother.B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C．Apologiesmakeforharmony.D．It’sgoodtomakethingsright.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據第五段中的“atwohandwrittenletterfromtheteenagerswith$18attached，inwhichtheyexplain