2020-2021學年高一下學期期末考試英語模擬卷02（山東、廣東專用）第二部分閱讀（共兩節，滿分50分）第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A（2020·珠海市第二中學高一月考）ThespreadofWesterneatinghabitsaroundtheworldisbadforhumanhealthandtheenvironment.ThesefindingscomefromanewreportinthejournalNature.DavidTillman,aprofessorofecologyattheUniversityofMinnesota,America,examinedinformationfrom100countriestoidentifywhatpeopleateandhowadietaffectedhealth.Henotedamovementbeginninginthe1960s.Hefoundthatasnationsindustrialized(工業化),populationincreasedandearningsrose,morepeoplebegantoadoptwhathasbeencalledtheWesterndiet.TheWesterndietishighinsugar,fat,oilandmeat.Byeatingthesefoods,peoplebegantogetfatterandsicker.DavidTillmansaysoverweightpeopleareatgreaterriskofnoninfectious(不傳染的)diseaseslikediabetes(糖尿病)andheartdisease.Unfortunatelywhenpeoplebecomeindustrialized,iftheyadoptthisWesterndiet,theyaregoingtohavethesehealthproblems,especiallyindevelopingcountriesinAsia.Chinaisanexamplewherethenumberofdiabetescaseshasbeenjumpingfromlessthanonepercentto10percentofthepopulationastheybegantoindustrializeovera20-yearperiod.Andthatishappeningallacrosstheworld,inMexico,inNigeriaandsoon.And,adietbadforhumanbeingsisalsobadfortheenvironment.Astheworld'spopulationgrows,moreforestsandtropicalareaswillbecomefarmlandsforcropsorgrasslandsforcattle.Wearelikelytohavemoregreenhousegasinthefuturefromagriculturethanthatcomingoutofallformsoftransportationrightnow.Mr.Tillmancallsthelinkamongthediet,theenvironmentandhumanhealth“atrilemma”—aproblemofferingadifficultchoice.HesaysonepossiblesolutionisleavingtheWesterndietbehind.1．Accordingtothepassage,moregreenhousegasmightbegivenoffinthefuturefrom______.A．transportation B．developingcountriesC．agriculture D．developedcountries2．DavidTillmanbelievesthat______.A．thediet,theenvironmentandhumanhealtharecloselyconnectedB．theWesterndietistheonlychoiceasthenationindustrializesC．peopleintropicalareasaremorelikelytohavediabetesD．traditionaldietsaremorebalancedthantheWesterndiet3．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto______.A．callonustoprotecttheenvironmentB．warnusoftheriskoftheWesterndietC．remindusoftheimportanceofhealthD．adviseustohaveabalanceddiet【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。隨著全球化進程的加快，西方的飲食習慣也層層逼近社會的每個角落，本文主要對這是否對我們的飲食健康和環境造成影響進行了分析。1．C【解析】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的Wearelikelytohavemoregreenhousegasinthefuturefromagriculturethanthatcomingoutofallformsoftransportationrightnow.（未來農業產生的溫室氣體很可能比現在所有交通工具產生的溫室氣體還要多）可知，未來更多的溫室氣體將來自農業而不是交通。故選C。2．A【解析】細節理解題。根據最后一段中的Mr.Tillmancallsthelinkamongthediet,theenvironmentandhumanhealth“atrilemma”—aproblemofferingadifficultchoice.（蒂爾曼稱飲食、環境和人類健康之間的聯系是“三難選擇”——這是一個很難選擇的問題）可知，DavidTilman認為飲食、環境和人類健康是密切相關的。故選A。3．B【解析】推理判斷題。根據全文及最后一段HesaysonepossiblesettlementisleavingtheWesterndietbehind.（他說，一個可能的解決辦法是把西方飲食拋在腦后）可知，全文主要講隨著全球化進程的加快，西方的飲食習慣對我們的飲食健康和環境造成了影響。有一種可能的解決辦法就是不再采納西方的飲食方式，由此可見寫本文的目的是警告我們西方飲食的危險。故選B。B（2021·山東濰坊市·濰坊一中高一月考）Bynow,mostofushavepickedupatleastonepandemichobby.Andthere'saseeminglycommonpandemichobbytrend:Peoplewhohaven'tbeenabletogoanywherearemakingimaginarytravelplans.Maybeyou'reamongthosewhohavespenthoursresearchinglocations-eventhoughyou'renotactuallyplanningtotravel.Itturnsoutthatyouaren'talone.Peoplewhoseemtobestickingtopublicsafetyrecommendationsarestillplanningtripstheydon'tintendtobook.And,whenIsuddenlyfoundmyselfaddictedtoanimaginarygirls'triptoJoshuaTree,Iwonderedwhetherthiswasahealthydistraction."It'sanescapistimagination,"saidRegineGalanti,apsychologist,addingthatthere'snothingwrongwithescapismduringaglobalpandemic.Ontheonehand,distractionsareoftenbeneficialrightnow.WeareafullyearintolivingwithCOVID-19asapandemic,andthatmeansyou'veprobablyhadtonavigatearangeofemotionslikediscomfort,sadness,orevenboredom.Soanyhobbythatdoesn'tharmanyoneorendangeryourwell-beingisprobablyaworthyattempt.Evenifvacationplanningisyourhappyplace,Dr.Galantisuggestsyou"actuallythinkaboutwhatyou'retryingtoachieve."Why?"Maybewhatyou'resayingis,Ineedavacationfromwork,"Dr.Galantiexplains."Thentakethreedaysoffevenifyouarenotgoinganywhere."Whenyoufigureoutwhatyou'relookingfor,youmightbeabletofindasmallsociallydistancedadventureinyourbackyardoraquietplace.Vacationplanningisagoodwaytospendsometime,buttheremightbeanevenbetterwaytogetwhatyou'redesiring.Anyway,whenuncertaintyisallaroundus,creatingthingstolookforwardtoisn'taterribleidea.Andwhenthingsaresafer,you'llhaveallyourplansinplace.4．Whydopeoplemakeimaginarytravelplansduringthepandemic?A．Todevelopanewhobby. B．Tostaysafeandsound.C．Tobedistractedfromreality. D．Togetreadyforfuturetravel.5．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheword"navigate"underlinedinparagraph4?A．Express. B．Balance. C．Adaptto. D．Dealwith.6．Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsimaginarytravelplans?A．Objective. B．Negative. C．Supportive. D．Unclear.7．Whichsectionofthenewspaperdoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A．Figures. B．Lifestyle.C．Foodandrecipe. D．Scienceandtechnology.【語篇解讀】本文為說明文。文章介紹了人們在新型冠狀病毒肺炎流行待在家這困難時期，形成了一種制定想象中的度假計劃愛好，以逃避現實生活。這種愛好在疫情期間是一種消遣的好方法。4．C【解析】細節理解題。根據第二段“Peoplewhoseemtobestickingtopublicsafetyrecommendationsarestillplanningtripstheydon'tintendtobook.And,whenIsuddenlyfoundmyselfaddictedtoanimaginarygirls'triptoJoshuaTree,Iwonderedwhetherthiswasahealthydistraction.（那些似乎堅持公共安全建議的人仍在計劃他們不打算預訂的旅行。而且，當我突然發現自己沉迷于一個想象中的去約書亞樹的女孩之旅時，我想知道這是否是一種健康的消遣）”以及第三段““It’sanescapistimagination,”saidRegineGalanti,apsychologist,addingthatthere’snothingwrongwithescapismduringaglobalpandemic.（心理學家雷金?加蘭蒂說:“這是一種逃避現實的想象。”他還補充說，在疫情全球流行之際，逃避現實并沒有錯）”可知，人們在大流行期間制定想象中的旅行計劃是想逃離現實。故選C項。5．D【解析】詞義猜測題。根據第四段“WeareafullyearintolivingwithCOVID-19asapandemic,andthatmeansyou’veprobablyhadtonavigatearangeofemotionslikediscomfort,sadness,orevenboredom.（我們整整一年都生活在新冠肺炎疫情之下”可知，在這種情況下，我們不得不處理比如不適、悲傷和無聊等一系列的負面情緒，由此可知，畫線詞詞義為“處理”，故選D項。6．C【解析】推理判斷題。根據第五段“Vacationplanningisagoodwaytospendsometime,buttheremightbeanevenbetterwaytogetwhatyou'redesiring.（制定度假計劃是打發時間的好方法，但也許還有更好的方法來滿足你的愿望）”可知，作者對想象中的旅行計劃持支持的態度，認為制定想象中的度假計劃是打發時間的好方法。故選C項。7．B【解析】推理判斷題。通過閱讀全文，特別是根據第一段“Bynow,mostofushavepickedupatleastonepandemichobby.Andthere'saseeminglycommonpandemichobbytrend:Peoplewhohaven'tbeenabletogoanywherearemakingimaginarytravelplans.（到目前為止，我們大多數人都至少養成了一種疫情期間的愛好。還有一個似乎很常見的流行愛好趨勢:那些無法去任何地方的人正在制定想象中的旅行計劃）”可知，文章介紹了人們在新型冠狀病毒肺炎流行待在家這一困難時期，形成了一種制定想象中的度假計劃愛好，以逃避現實生活。這是一種面對生活的方式，因此文章最有可能出自報紙的生活方式版塊，故選B項。C（2020·濟南市·山東師范大學附中高一月考）Aftertravelingtenyearsandhundredsofmillionsofkilometers,asmallprobe(探測器)calledPhilaehasforthefirsttimelandedonthesurfaceofacomet,asolarsystemobjectmadeoficeandrock.PhilaewassentfromtheEuropeanSpaceAgency’smainRosettaspaceshipearlyWednesday,November12,2014.Originally,themissionofthespaceshipwastotargetComet46PbutwhenthelaunchwasdelayedduetoproblemswiththeAriane5launchvehicle,themissionwasredirectedtoComet67P,tostudytheappearanceandmaterialsthatmakeupComet67P.ThePhilaeresearchprobeleftitsmothershipRosettaandthenbeganatriptowardthecometandlandedonitssurfacehourslater.Theefforttolandonthecometwasconsidereddangerousbecausejustbeforetheplannedlanding,scientistsidentifiedproblemsinPhilae’sactivedescentsystemthruster(推進器)usedtolandtheprobe.RosettahasbeenorbitingComet67PsinceAugust2014.However,itwassentupintospaceinMarchof2004.Thespaceshipcircledthesununtilitwasinpositiontomeetwiththecomet.Cometsarethemostprimitive(原始的)objectsinthesolarsystem.Scientiststhinkthattheyhavekeptarecordofthephysicalandchemicalprocessesthatoccurredduringtheearlyperiodwhenplanetswereformed.BystudyingComet67P’smake-upandhistory,scientistswishtounlockthesecretofthesolarsystemandeventheoriginofhumanlives.ThePhilaeprobedidaseriesofscientificexperiments.Philaeexaminedthematerialsthatmakeupthecometlookingfororganic,orcarbon-basedmaterials,andinorganicmaterials.ItlasteduntilMarch2015,whenthecometwastooclosetothesunandthesurfacetemperaturewastoohighforPhilaetooperate.8．WhatwasRosettalaunchedtodo?A．TosendPhilaetoComet67Psafely.B．TostudytheappearanceofComet46P.C．TocollectinformationaboutComet67P.D．Toresearchonthemake-upofthesolarsystem.9．WhywasithardforPhilaetolandonComet67P?A．Duetotechnologicalissues.B．Asaresultofpowerfailure.C．Becauseoflackofexperience.D．Duetoproblemsinradiosystems.10．Whatdoscientiststhinkoftheresearchoncomets?A．Challenging. B．Satisfying. C．Meaningful. D．Impractical.11．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．PhilaelandingonComet67PB．AnothercometfoundinspaceC．OnestepfurtheringeographyresearchD．Greatimprovementinspaceshipdesign【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道。短文報道了一個名為Philae航天器歷史性地著陸彗星。8．C【解析】推理判斷題。根據第二段“themissionwasredirectedtoComet67P,tostudytheappearanceandmaterialsthatmakeupComet67P.”可知，此項任務改為降落到67P號彗星，研究67P號彗星的外觀和物質構成。由此判斷出發射Rosetta是為了收集彗星67P的信息。故選C項。9．A【解析】細節理解題。根據第三段“Theefforttolandonthecometwasconsidereddangerousbecausejustbeforetheplannedlanding,scientistsidentifiedproblemsinPhilae’sactivedescentsystemthruster(推進器)usedtolandtheprobe.”可知，登陸彗星的努力被認為是危險的，因為就在計劃的著陸之前，科學家們發現了Philae用于著陸探測器的主動下降系統推進器存在問題。由此可知，為什么“Philae”很難在67P彗星上著陸是由于技術問題。故選A項。10．C【解析】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“BystudyingComet67P’smake-upandhistory,scientistswishtounlockthesecretofthesolarsystemandeventheoriginofhumanlives.”通過研究67P彗星的組成和歷史，科學家們希望解開太陽系的秘密，甚至人類生命的起源。以及最后一段“ThePhilaeprobedidaseriesofscientificexperiments.Philaeexaminedthematerialsthatmakeupthecometlookingfororganic,orcarbon-basedmaterials,andinorganicmaterials.”Philae探測器做了一系列科學實驗。Philae檢查了構成彗星的材料，尋找有機或碳基材料和無機材料。由此判斷出，科學家認為對彗星的研究是有意義的。故選C項。11．A【解析】主旨大意題。根據第一段“Aftertravelingtenyearsandhundredsofmillionsofkilometers,asmallprobe(探測器)calledPhilaehasforthefirsttimelandedonthesurfaceofacomet,asolarsystemobjectmadeoficeandrock.”一個名為“Philae”的小型探測器經過10年時間和數億公里的飛行，首次在一顆由冰和巖石組成的太陽系彗星表面著陸。以及第二段“themissionwasredirectedtoComet67P,tostudytheappearanceandmaterialsthatmakeupComet67P.”此項任務改為降落到67P號彗星，研究67P號彗星的外觀和物質構成。由此可知，短文的最佳標題為“Philae著陸在彗星67P上”。故選A項。D（2021·廣東惠州市·惠州一中高一期中）No,Tom’slifewentalongwellenough,especiallyinsummer.Heonlybeggedjustenoughtosavehimself,forthelawsagainstbeggingwerestringent,andthepunishmentheavy;soheputinagooddealofhistimelisteningtoAndrew’scharmingoldtalesandlegendsaboutgiantsandfairies,dwarfsandfairies,castles,andattractivekingsandprinces.Hisheadgrewtobefullofthesewonderfulthings,andmanyanightashelayinthedarkonhisunpleasantstraw,tired,hungry,heunleashed(釋放)hisimaginationandsoonforgothisachesandpainsindeliciouspicturingstohimselfofthecharminglifeofaprinceinaroyalpalace.Onedesirecameintimetohaunt(縈繞)himdayandnight:itwastoseearealprince,withhisowneyes.Hespokeofitoncetosomeofhisfriends;buttheylaughedathimsohewasgladtokeephisdreamtohimselfafterthat.Heoftenreadtheoldbooks.Hisdreamingsandreadingsworkedcertainchangesinhim,by-and-by.Hisdream-peopleweresofinethathegrewtoexpresshissorrowathisshabbyclothingandhisdirt.Hewentonplayinginthemudjustthesameandenjoyingit,too;but,insteadofsplashingaroundintheThamessolelyforthefunofit,hebegantofindanaddedvalueinitbecauseofthewashingsandcleansingsitafforded.By-and-byTom’sreadinganddreamingaboutprincelylifebroughtaboutsuchastrongeffectuponhimthathebegantoACTtheprince,unconsciously.Hisspeechandmannersbecamecuriouslyceremoniousandextremelypolite,tothevastadmirationandamusementofhisclosefriends.Tom’sinfluenceamongtheseyoungpeoplebegantogrownow,daybyday;andintimehecametobelookedupto,bythem,withasortofrespectandfear,asasuperiorbeing.Heseemedtoknowsomuch!Andhecoulddoandsaysuchmarvelousthings!Andhewassodeepandwise!Tom’sremarks,andTom’sperformances,werereportedbytheboystotheirelders;andthese,also,presentlybegantodiscussTom,andtoregardhimasamostgiftedandextraordinarycreature.Full-grownpeoplebroughttheirproblemstoTomforsolution,andwereoftenastonishedatthewitandwisdomofhisdecisions.Infacthewasbecomeaherotoallwhoknewhimexcepthisownfamily—these,only,sawnothinginhim.12．Whatdoestheunderlineword“stringent”inparagraph1mean?A．Fair. B．Equal. C．Strict. D．Common.13．WhatdidTomdreamabout?A．Owningacharmingcastle.B．Livinginaroyalpalace.C．Beggingenoughfoodfromothers.D．Meetingarealprinceinperson.14．Accordingtoparagraph2,Tom________.A．begantocareabouthisappearanceB．wasunwillingtoplayinthemudC．feltsorryforhisdirtylifeD．triedtofindvaluablethingsintheThames15．WhatcanweinferaboutTom’sreadinganddreamingfromparagraph4?A．TheybroughtTomalotofpraises.B．TheymadeTomahero.C．TheyhelpedTomwinrespect.D．Theychangedhimintoafull-grownperson.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位貧兒，不甘平庸，敢于夢想，努力提升自己，并贏得他人尊敬的故事。12．C【解析】詞句猜測題。根據“Heonlybeggedjustenoughtosavehimself,forthelawsagainstbeggingwerestringent,andthepunishmentheavy;(他乞討的錢剛夠養活自己，因為禁止乞討的法律非常stringent，并且處罰非常嚴厲)”可知，對乞討行為處罰非常重，禁行的法規非常嚴格。“stringent”意思是嚴格的。故選C項。13．D【解析】細節理解題。根據第一段“Onedesirecameintimetohaunt(縈繞)himdayandnight:itwastoseearealprince,withhisowneyes.Hespokeofitoncetosomeofhisfriends;buttheylaughedathimsohewasgladtokeephisdreamtohimselfafterthat.(有一個愿望一直縈繞在他心頭，那就是親眼見到一位真正的王子。他把這樣的夢想說給他的一些朋友，但是他們卻對此嗤之以鼻。所以從那以后他將這個夢想保守在心底)”可知，湯姆曾夢想著親眼遇到一位王子。故選D項。14．D【解析】細節理解題。根據第二段“but,insteadofsplashingaroundintheThamessolelyforthefunofit,hebegantofindanaddedvalueinitbecauseofthewashingsandcleansingsitafforded.(但是湯姆并非只是在泰晤士河中戲水玩樂，他開始尋找到了戲水新的價值：凈化和清洗)”可知，在泰晤士河中戲水，湯姆試圖找到了全新的意義。故選D項。15．C【解析】推理判斷題。根據第四段“andintimehecametobelookedupto,bythem,withasortofrespectandfear,asasuperiorbeing.(那時，他逐漸地受到身邊的人的尊敬。他們對他充滿敬意，對他的獨特才能充滿驚異)”可知，湯姆的夢想和閱讀，極大地提升了他的個人氣質和智慧，并贏得了他人的尊敬。故選C項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（2021·山東濟南市·高一期末）WaystoDevelopaReadingHabitYouknowreadingisgoodforyou,butyoucan'tseemtoconcentrateonreadingabook.Yougetafewpagesinandthengetdistracted.Youendupdraggingthebookaroundformonths,movingitfromthecoffeetabletoyourbedsidetabletoyourbriefcase,butyouneverseemtofindtimetoactuallyreadit.Ifyou'retiredofthat,don'tworry.16．■Maketimeforit.Unlessyouschedulereadingtimeinyourbusyday,youmaynotbeabletosqueezeit.17．Bydoingsoyouassignasenseofimportancetoit,andthiswillensurethatyoutreatreadingwithrespectratherthanignoringit.■Makereadinglist.Doabitofresearchifyourpreviouschoicesofauthorshavebeenuninspiring.18．Anythingbeyond20booksforanentireyearcouldbetooambitiousifyou'rejustgettingstartedasanewreader.■19．Readingismeanttobeanenjoyable,eye-openingexperience.Ifyoufindyourselfstressingoutoryawningoveradifficultorboringbook,dogiveittryforafewmorepagesbutgiveupifitendsupupsettingyou.■Readtosomeone.Agreatwaytogetintoreadingmoreistoreadtosomeoneelse:anelderlypersonorafriend'schildoryourownsonordaughter.20．Itwillmakethelistenerfeelinspired,andasforyou,youwillhaveareadingassignmentthathelpsyousticktoyourreadinghabit!A．Putbookbagseverywhere.B．Knowwhentogiveupabook.C．Juststayawayfromthosewhohavereadit.D．Therearemanywaysyoucanturnintoabooklover.E.Createalistwithexcitingbooksandstories-justdon'toverdoit.F.Readingtoothersisafascinatingwaytosharethepleasureofreading.G.Evenifyoucanonlydevote15minutesforreading,doputitinyourschedule.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了幾種養成好的閱讀習慣的方法。16．D【解析】根據上文“…youcan'tseemtoconcentrateonreadingabook….youneverseemtofindtimetoactuallyreadit.Ifyou'retiredofthat,don'tworry.(……你似乎無法集中精力看書。……你似乎永遠都找不到時間去讀它。如果你對此感到厭倦，別擔心。)”再根據以下幾個段落所給出的方法可知，該空處應起到承上啟下的作用，如果你還沒有養成好的閱讀習慣，通過閱讀下文可以幫到你。選項D.Therearemanywaysyoucanturnintoabooklover.(有很多方法可以讓你成為一個愛好書的人)符合語境，故選D。17．G【解析】根據本段的小標題Maketimeforit(抽出時間去閱讀)和上文“Unlessyouschedulereadingtimeinyourbusyday,youmaynotbeabletosqueezeit.(除非你在忙碌的日子里安排閱讀時間，否則你可能擠不出時間來。)”可知，每天都要安排出閱讀時間并把它列入日程表，這樣做的話，你就能更重視它而不是忽略，選項G.Evenifyoucanonlydevote15minutesforreading,doputitinyourschedule.(即使你只能花15分鐘閱讀，也要把它寫進你的日程表。)符合語境，故選G。18．E【解析】根據本段小標題Makereadinglist和下文“Anythingbeyond20booksforanentireyearcouldbetooambitiousifyou'rejustgettingstartedasanewreader.(如果你只是一個初學讀書的人，那么一年讀20本書就太過雄心勃勃了。)”可知，要列出令你感興趣的書目清單，但是作為一個初學讀書的人一次不要羅列過多，選項E.Createalistwithexcitingbooksandstories-justdon'toverdoit.(列出感興趣的書籍和故事——但不要做過頭。)符合語境，故選E。19．B【解析】本題為副標題，根據本段內容“Ifyoufindyourselfstressingoutoryawningoveradifficultorboringbook,dogiveittryforafewmorepagesbutgiveupifitendsupupsettingyou.(如果你發現自己因為一本困難或無聊的書而壓力山大或打哈欠，試著多讀幾頁，但如果最終它讓你心煩，就放棄吧。)”，可知，讀書應該是一種快樂的體驗，如果讀書讓你感覺壓力或無聊，那就放棄它，選項B.Knowwhentogiveupabook.(知道什么時候放棄一本書。)符合語境，故選B。20．F【解析】根據下文“Itwillmakethelistenerfeelinspired,andasforyou,youwillhaveareadingassignmentthathelpsyousticktoyourreadinghabit!(它會讓聽者感到鼓舞，而對你來說，你會有一個閱讀任務，幫助你堅持你的閱讀習慣)”可知，讀給他人聽可以激勵別人，也能夠幫助你堅持養成閱讀習慣，于人于己都大有裨益，因此讀書給別人聽是一種極好的閱讀方式，選項F.Readingtoothersisafascinatingwaytosharethepleasureofreading.(讀書給別人聽是一種分享閱讀樂趣的絕妙方式。)符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節，滿分30分）第一節（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。（2021·廣東東莞市·高一期中）WhenIwas10,Iwasdiagnosed(診斷)withcancer.Duringtreatment,Iunderstoodeverythingbutthe21ofmycase.ItwasnotuntilrecentlythatIrealizedhowsickIwasthen.ThisNovemberof2021willmarkmyfiveyearsofchemotherapy(化療)andIwillbefinally22ofcancer.Iknowsickchildrenoftenfeltblue.Inordertohelpbrightentheir23,IcreatedaprogramthroughwhichIbroughtcelebrities(名人)children24andrespectedtovisittheminhospitals.ThejoyIreceivedfrombeingableto25thechildren’sdaywasindescribable(難以形容的).Thisfall,Iwillentermyjunioryearofhighschool.IlovelearningandItruly26thetimespentinschoolbecauseduringchemotherapytreatmentsIwasoftentoo27toattend.Anotherbigpartofmylifeis28activity.Duringmytreatmentitwasveryhardformetowalk—letalone29.Afterfinishingchemotherapymymain30wasbeingabletorunandplay31again.I’moverjoyedtosayI’vebeenableto32thataim.Beingabletostandonthecourtandplaysportsagainisanamazingfeeling.Tomeit’simportanttoconveyamessageofpositivityandhopethatanyonecanmakethemostofanysituationinlife.Manydon’t33andthinkit’sstrangewhenIsaythis,butI’mtrulygratefulthatIhadcancer.Havingexperiencedthat,Ihavebecomebraveandhavealsogained34forlife.Iknowwithdeterminationeveryonecanfollowtheir35.21．A．development B．seriousness C．name D．cause22．A．warned B．told C．suspected D．cured23．A．future B．spirits C．rooms D．way24．A．attracted B．impressed C．admired D．missed25．A．makeup B．carryon C．resultin D．lightup26．A．kill B．save C．value D．waste27．A．weak B．young C．lazy D．busy28．A．mental B．indoor C．physical D．social29．A．swim B．run C．jump D．lie30．A．goal B．task C．problem D．idea31．A．cards B．chess C．sports D．music32．A．further B．kick C．set D．achieve33．A．speak B．understand C．apologize D．remember34．A．appreciation B．energy C．ambition D．honesty35．A．steps B．examples C．suggestions D．Dreams【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，作者10歲的時候就被確診為癌癥患者，既要化療又要上學。他的目標就是能夠跑步，并能再次進行體育鍛煉，作者最終實現了自己的目標。他希望任何人都能充分享受當下的生活，并追逐自己的夢想。21．B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：治療期間，我明白一切，但不知道我的病情有多么的嚴重。A.development發展；B.seriousness嚴重；C.name名字；D.cause原因。根據后文“ItwasnotuntilrecentlythatIrealizedhowsickIwasthen.”可知，作者當時病情很嚴重，故選B。22．D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2021年的11月將是我五年化療的日子，我的癌癥最終會被治愈。A.warned警告；B.told告訴；C.suspected懷疑；D.cured治愈。根據第三段最后一句“Beingabletostandonthecourtandplaysportsagainisanamazingfeeling.”可知，作者的癌癥成功被治愈，故選D。23．B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了幫助他們振作精神，我創建了一個項目，通過這個項目，我帶著孩子們崇拜和尊敬的名人去醫院看望孩子們。A.future未來;B.spirits精神;C.rooms房間;D.way方法。根據前文“feltblue”可知，患癌癥的孩子心情沮喪，因而需要振奮精神，故選B。24．C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.attracted吸引;B.impressed給…留下印象;C.admired欽佩;D.missed想念。根據本句celebrities(名人)以及respected可知，作者找來了一些孩子們崇拜的名人來關心這些孩子，故選C。25．D【解析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：能夠讓孩子們的一天露出喜色給我帶來的快樂是無法形容的。A.makeup編造；B.carryon繼續；C.resultin導致；D.lightup使露出喜色。根據前文“Inordertohelpbrightentheir23,Icreatedaprogram…”可知，作者做這些事情就是讓孩子們露出喜色。故選D。26．C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我熱愛學習，我真的很珍惜在學校的時間，因為在化療期間，我常常虛弱得無法上學。A.kill殺死;B.save挽救;C.value珍惜;D.waste浪費。根據前文“Ilovelearning”可知，作者熱愛學習，所以很珍惜在學校的時間，故選C。27．A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.weak虛弱的;B.young年輕的;C.lazy懶惰的;D.busy忙碌的。根據“becauseduringchemotherapytreatments”可知，作者因為化療太虛弱，故選A。28．C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：另外一個主要的活動就是身體鍛煉。A.mental精神上的;B.indoor戶內的;C.physical身體上的;D.social社交的。根據上文;因為身體虛弱，所以生活的另一個內容就是身體鍛煉，故選C。29．B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我治療期間很難走路，更不必說跑。A.swim游泳;B.run跑;C.jump跳;D.lie躺。根據前文“Duringmytreatmentitwasveryhardformetowalk”可知，因為化療很難走路，所以跑步也是很難的，故選B。30．A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我完成化療之后我的主要目標就是能夠跑步，并能再次進行體育鍛煉。A.goal目標;B.task任務;C.problem問題:D.idea主意，想法。根據后文“thataim”可知，作者當時的主要目標就是能夠跑步，故選A。31．C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我完成化療之后我的主要目標就是能夠跑步，并能再次進行體育鍛煉。A.cards卡片;B.chess圍棋;C.sports運動;D.music音樂。根據前文“physicalactivities”可知，作者的主要目標就是運動，故選C。32．D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我可以欣喜若狂地說我已經能夠實現我的目標。A.further促進;B.kick踢;C.set樹立;D.achieve取得，實現。根據后文“Beingabletostandonthecourtandplaysportsagainisanamazingfeeling.”可知，作者化療成功治愈癌癥，能夠運動，故選D。33．B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很多人不明白，覺得我說這話很奇怪，但我真的很感激我得了癌癥。A.speak說；B.understand明白；C.apologize道歉；D.remember記得。根據本句“thinkit’sstrange”可知，很多人無法理解作者的意圖，故選B。34．A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經歷了這些，我變得勇敢，也獲得了對生活的感激。A.appreciation感激；B.energy能量；C.ambition抱負；D.honesty誠實。根據前一句“butI’mtrulygratefulthatIhadcancer.”可知，此處需用名詞appreciation，表示對生活的感激。故選A。35．D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道只要有決心，每個人都可以追隨自己的夢想。A.steps步伐;B.examples例子;C.suggestions建議;D.dreams夢想。根據文章可知，作者通過自己的努力，治愈癌癥，實現自己的夢想，故選D。第二節（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。（2021·山東青島市·高一期中）bytheBBCasoneofthemostinfluential36．(figure)ofscienceinthe20thCenturyalongwithAlbertEinsteinandAlanMathisonTuring.TuYouyouwasnotedforherbraveryinbeingascientistduringadifficulttimeforscienceinChina,herabilitytouseold37．(wise)andnewmethodstoachievehergoalsandthefactthatherwork38．(bridge)theEasternandWesternworlds,39．(save)millionsoflives.In1969,Tu40．(choose)toestablishateamtofindacureformalaria.Thiswasnotaneasytask.Thereasonwhythiswasdifficultwasthattheteamhad41．(limit)resources.Theydidnothaveenoughstaff,andthelaboratory42．theyworkedhadpoorairquality.However,afterhundredsoffailedexperiments,theyeventuallycameacrossapromisingchemical.Itworkedwellinexperimentsonanimals,43．theyhadtoknowifitwassafeforhumans.Tu44．(brave)volunteeredtobethefirsthumansubjectwhentheywerereadytostarttestingandtherestofherteamfollowedher.Thetestwas45．success.Themedicinetheydiscovered,artemisinin,hasnowbecometheworld’smosteffectivedrugforfightingmalaria.Manyhaveheardofshark’sfinsoup.【答案】36．figures37．wisdom38．bridged39．saving40．waschosen41．limited42．where43．but44．bravely45．a【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了20世紀最具影響力的科學人物之一——屠呦呦。36．考查名詞復數。句意：2019年，屠呦呦與愛因斯坦、圖靈一起被英國廣播公司評選為20世紀最具影響力的科學人物之一。固定結構“oneof+名詞復數”表示“……之一”。故填figures。37．考查名詞。句意：屠呦呦以其在中國科學困難時期作為一名科學家的勇氣而聞名，她用舊智慧和新方法實現自己目標的能力，以及她的工作在東西方世界之間架起了橋梁，挽救了數百萬人的生命。此處與newmethods是并列成分，作use的賓語，應用名詞wisdom，不可數名詞。故填wisdom。38．考查動詞時態。句意同上。分析可知，設空處為同位語從句的謂語動詞，根據語境及TuYouyouwasnotedfor可知，此處描述的是過去的動作，應用一般過去時。故填bridged。39．考查非謂語動詞。句意同上。分析可知，此處應用非謂語動詞作狀語，該詞和主語TuYouyou是邏輯主謂關系，應用現在分詞，表主動。故填saving。40．考查動詞時態及語態。句意：1969年，屠呦呦被選中成立了一個團隊來尋找瘧疾的治療方法。此處與主語TuYouyou是邏輯被動關系，應用被動語態，由In1969可知，應用一般過去時。故填waschosen。41．考查形容詞。句意：這之所以困難是因為團隊的資源有限。根據句意可知，此處應用形容詞limited“有限的”，作定語，修飾名詞resources。故填limited。42．考查定語從句。句意：沒有足夠的員工，他們工作的實驗室空氣質量很差。此處是限定性定語從句，先行詞是laboratory，在從句中作地點狀語，應用關系副詞where引導。故填where。43．考查連詞。句意：它在動物身上的實驗效果很好，但他們必須知道它對人類是否安全。根據句意可知，前后句意形成轉折關系，應用轉折連詞but。故填but。44．考查副詞。句意：當他們準備開始測試時，屠勇敢地自愿成為第一個人類實驗對象，她的團隊的其他成員也跟著她。此處修飾動詞volunteered，應用副詞。故填bravely。45．考查冠詞。句意：測試是成功的。根據語境可知，此處抽象名詞具體化，success指“成功的人或事”，應用不定冠詞，且該詞的發音是以輔音音素開頭，應用a。故填a。第四部分寫作（共兩節，滿分40分）第一節（滿分15分）（2021·山東菏澤市·高一期末）英語老師要求同學們寫一篇題為TheclassmateIadmirebest的英語短文，請你結合以下要點介紹一下你的同學李華：1.學習方面；2.性格；3.師生關系。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TheclassmateIadmirebestisLiHua,whoisverypopularamongus.LiHuadevotesmuchenergytohislessons,sohe'salwaysoneofthetopstudentsinourclass.What'smore,LiHuaisverykindandhelpful.Heisalwayswillingtohelpothers,andheoftenhelpsuswhenwehavesomedifficultiesinourstudies.Haditnotbeenforhishelp,Icouldn'thavemadesuchprogress.Besides,LiHuagetsalongwellwithourteachers.IbelieveIcanlearnalotfromhim.【分析】本篇書