串講05限制性定語從句及必刷題序號內容Partone關系代詞+限制性定語從句串講Parttwo關系副詞+限制性定語從句串講Partthree基礎必刷100題Partfour綜合必刷30題Partone關系代詞+限制性定語從句串講關系代詞基本概念在復合句中作定語的句子叫作定語從句，引導定語從句的關系詞有兩類：關系代詞(who，whom，that，which，whose等)和關系副詞(when，where，why)。定語從句一般放在它所修飾的名詞、代詞或整個主句之后，被修飾或限制的名詞或代詞叫作先行詞。定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。關系代詞的用法先行詞關系代詞在從句中所作成分人who主語、賓語、表語whom賓語that主語、賓語、表語whose定語物that主語、賓語、表語which主語、賓語whose定語（一）關系代詞的基本用法1．that可指人或物；在定語從句中作主語、賓語、表語。指人時，相當于who或whom；指物時，相當于which。不能引導非限制性定語從句；不可置于介詞后作賓語。Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmthat/whichwevisitedthreemonthsago?2．which指物；在定語從句中作主語、賓語。Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.(主語)在桌子上的那本書是我父親買的。3．who，whom，whose(1)who主格，在從句中作主語，只可指人。Doyouknowthemanwho/thatistalkingwithyourmother?Thosewhowanttoseethefilmsetdownyournames,please.Thisisthepersonwho/whom/thatyoushouldthankforhelpingyourson.(2)whom賓格，在從句中只能作賓語；只可指人。Look,herearesomepeoplewho/whom/thatIwantyoutomeet.(3)whose表所屬關系，在從句中作定語。譯為某人的，某物的。Iprefertheroomwhosewindowsfacesouth.我喜歡那間窗戶朝南的房間。Anystudentwhosefamilyistoopoortogotoschoolcangethelpfromthegovernment.[溫馨提示]whose指物時，常用下列結構來代替：Hevolunteeredtojoinintheactivitywhoseaimistohelpthosewhoareintrouble.＝Hevolunteeredtojoinintheactivity，theaimofwhichistohelpthosewhoareintrouble.＝Hevolunteeredtojoinintheactivity，ofwhichtheaimistohelpthosewhoareintrouble.他自愿參加那項活動，活動的目標是幫助那些陷入困境的人。(二)關系代詞的辨析1）只能用that，不能用which的情況1．先行詞是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代詞或先行詞被all，any，every，no，little，much，some等詞修飾。Allthepeoplethatefromthecountryworkmuchharder.所有來自農村的人工作都更努力得多。2．先行詞被序數詞、形容詞最高級、theonly，thevery，thelast等修飾時，關系代詞通常只用that，不用which。ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasCities.我讀的第一本英文小說是《城市》。ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.這是我見過的最激動人心的足球比賽之一。Thisistheonlythingthatwecandonow.這是我們現在唯一能做的事情。3．先行詞既有人又有物時，關系代詞只用that，不用which。Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.我們所有人都欽佩你告訴我的那位科學家和他所取得的成就。TheforeignvisitorsspokehighlyofthepioneersandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren'sPalace.外國游客高度贊揚了他們在少年宮所看到的少先隊員以及他們的表演。4．句中其他位置已出現which，為避免重復，不用which而用that引導限定性定語從句。Whichisthecarthathasovertakenus?超過我們的是哪輛車？①這是我參觀過的最漂亮的公園。ThisisthemostbeautifulparkthatIhavevisited.②我們常常談起我們記得的那些人和事。Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember.③我已找到昨天丟的鋼筆。IhavefoundtheverypenthatIlostyesterday.2)只用which，不能用that的情況1．在介詞提前到關系代詞之前形成“介詞＋關系代詞”結構來修飾表事物的先行詞時，關系代詞必須用which。IsthisthehouseinwhichShakespearewasborn?這是莎士比亞出生的房子嗎？Thisisthereferencebookofwhichtheteacherisspeaking.這是老師正在談及的那本參考書。2．先行詞為“those＋表事物的復數名詞”時，關系代詞通常只用which而不用that。Studentsshouldkeepinmindthoseregulationswhichrestricttheirbehavior.學生應牢記那些規范自己的行為準則。Abookshopshoulddealwithavarietyofthosebestsellerswhicharenewlypublished.書店應該經營新出版的各種暢銷書。3．當先行詞指物，關系詞在句中作主語或賓語，引導非限制性定語從句的關系詞只能用which，而不用that。①ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbeeashoeshop.②Haveyoueverreadthebook,whichwaswrittenbyayounggirl?3)只用who/whom，不能用that的情況先行詞指人，關系代詞在從句中作介詞的賓語且直接跟在介詞后時，只能用whom引導，且不可省略。Thisisthevoluntaryteacherfromwhomwe’velearnedalot.這就是我們從他那里學到了很多知識的支教老師。三、使用定語從句的注意事項1．關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞要和先行詞的人稱和數保持一致。Thosewhoareover45yearsoldwon’tbepermittedtogointothehall.超過45歲的人不允許進入大廳。[溫馨提示]“oneof＋復數名詞”作先行詞，謂語動詞用復數形式；“theonlyoneof＋復數名詞”作先行詞，謂語動詞用單數形式。ThisisoneofthebookswhichwerewrittenbyCharlesDickens.這是查爾斯·狄更斯所寫的書的其中一本。Heistheonlyoneoftheboysinourclasswhohaslearnedtoplaygolf.他是我們班里唯一一個學過打高爾夫球的男孩。2．為避免關系詞的重復，被關系代詞所代替的成分不可在從句中重復出現。Thisistheapartmentwhichheboughtlastyear.(bought后不可加it)這就是他去年買的那所公寓。Parttwo關系副詞+限制性定語從句串講關系副詞在引導定語從句時,其功能相當于介詞短語,在從句中作狀語。引導定語從句的關系副詞有when、where、why。關系副詞先行詞功能when表時間的名詞時間狀語where表地點的名詞地點狀語why表原因的名詞原因狀語1．when引導的定語從句(1)當先行詞是表示時間的名詞(如time，day，year，month，week等)且在從句中作時間狀語時，定語從句要用when引導。IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirstbecameacollegestudent.我仍然記得我初為大學生的那段時光。(2)when可以轉化成“介詞＋which”的形式。Ihaveforgottentheexactdatewhen(＝onwhich)thiscountrybecameindependent.我忘記這個國家獨立的確切日期了。(3)當先行詞表示時間，且關系詞在從句中作主語、賓語或表語時，不能用when，而要用關系代詞that或which引導定語從句(作賓語時關系詞可省略)。I'llrememberthedays(which/that)Ispentwithyou.我會記得和你度過的那些日子。2．where引導的定語從句(1)當先行詞是表示地點的名詞(如place，room，mountain等)且關系詞在從句中作地點狀語時，定語從句要用where引導。Thisisthehotelwhere(＝inwhich)theyarestaying.這就是他們住的旅館。(2)where可以轉化成“介詞＋which”的形式。Thisisthehotelwhere(＝inwhich)theyarestaying.這就是他們住的旅館。(3)當先行詞是表示地點的名詞，且關系詞在從句中作主語、賓語或表語時，用關系代詞that或which引導定語從句(作賓語時關系詞可省略)。Hisfatherworksinafactorywhich/thatmakesradioparts.他的父親在一家生產收音機零件的工廠工作。(4)如果先行詞為表示抽象地點的名詞(如case，state，condition，position，point，situation等)，且定語從句中成分完整時，用關系副詞where引導。Wehavereachedapointwhereachangeisneeded.我們到了必須改一改的地步。Hegetsintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.他陷入一種難以分辨是非的局面。ItputsmeinapositionwhereIcan'taffordtotakethejob.這使我陷入一種不能接受此工作的境地。3．why引導的定語從句(1)當先行詞是表示原因的名詞reason，且關系詞在從句中作原因狀語時，定語從句要用why引導。(2)可以用forwhich來代替why。Thisisthereasonwhy(＝forwhich)heleavessosoon.這就是他匆匆離去的原因。[名師點津](1)有時為了表達得更清楚，可以在關系副詞where/when前加上介詞to，from等。(2)對一些特殊的先行詞如time，day，house，place，reason等要注意具體情況具體分析，作主語、賓語和表語可用that/which引導定語從句，作狀語可用when/where/why等或“介詞＋which”引導定語從句。Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites，fromwherekitesspreadtoJapan，Korea，ThailandandIndia.中國是風箏的故鄉，風箏從這里傳到了日本、韓國、泰國和印度。I'llneverforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogether.我永遠不會忘記我們在一起工作的日子。(作狀語)I'llneverforgetthedays(which/that)wespenttogetherlastsummer.我永遠不會忘記我們去年夏天一起度過的日子。(作賓語)Partthree基礎必刷100題UNit5閱讀理解學校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________一、語法填空1．Ourteacherssparenoefforttocreateanatmosphereenablesustostudyattentivelyandharmoniously.(用適當的詞填空)2．Forsomeofus,theSpringFestivalistheonlyoccasionwehavethetimetobewithourparents.（用適當的詞填空）3．Asthewhirlpoolbecamelesswild,thewavessooncarriedmetoanareatheotherfishermenstayed.(用適當的詞填空)4．Thereasonthistaskwasdifficultwasthattheteamhadlimitedresources.(用適當的詞填空)5．Thebuildingwearelookingatusedtobeahospital.(用適當的詞填空)6．Wolvesarehighlysocialanimalssuccessdependsuponcooperation.(用適當的詞填空)7．ThemanwithIshookhandsjustnowismydaughter’sEnglishteacher.(用適當的詞填空)8．Theteacherwithyoutalkedyesterdayisourmathsteacher.(用適當的詞填空)9．ThereasonIamfascinatedbythispaintingisthatitshowsamysteriousscene.(用適當的詞填空)10．I’msurethereareallkindsofhistoricsitesculturalrelicsneedtobeprotected.(用適當的詞填空)11．Thisisthereasonhegavemeforhisbeinglate.(用適當的詞填空)12．Weaimtocreateaworkingatmosphereallemployeesworktogethertocreatewinwinsituations.(用適當的詞填空)13．Thenaughtyboymadeaholeinthewallthroughhecouldseewhatishappeningoutside.(用適當的詞填空)14．Hemetawomanwithhehadverylittleinmon.(用適當的詞填空)15．IwillneverforgetthedaysIspenttravellingwithmygrandparents.(用適當的詞填空)16．TheboybrokethewindowiscalledTom.(用適當的的詞填空)17．Isawanancientbuildingdatesbackthousandsofyears.(用適當的詞填空)18．Thefirstthingshouldbedoneistodevelopaculturalrelicprotectionplan.(用適當的詞填空)19．ShememorizedanancientpoemnameIdidn'tknow.(用適當的詞填空)20．Asaresult,thepanymanagestomakebetterheartmonitorsandothermachinesdoctorsregularlyuse.(用適當的詞填空)21．Thisistheveryspottheaccidenthappened.(用適當的詞填空)22．Thewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourpanions.(用適當的詞填空)23．Someoneiscapablehastheskillorqualitiesnecessarytodoaparticularthingwell.(用適當的詞填空)24．Davidhasreachedastagehedoesnotwanttohidehiseagernesstochangetheplan.(用適當的詞填空)25．Wehavereachedastagewehavetosolvetheproblembyusingscientificmethods.(用適當的詞填空)26．Thisisastageispreparedfortheteenagerswhohavespecialtalents.(用適當的詞填空)27．IadmiredMr.SmithfromclassIgraduated.(用適當的詞填空)28．Therearemanyoccasionspeopledon’tknowwhattheywant.(用適當的詞填空)29．Withthedevelopmentoftourism,securityisbeingakeypointtouristsareconcernedabout.(用適當的詞填空)30．Therearesomecasesmanystudentsfindthemselveshardtogetusedtosomanychallenges.(用適當的詞填空)31．Firstofall,thereisthegoldenruleoftheInternet:Ifyouseeorreadsomethingmakesyoufeelunfortable,leavethesiteimmediately.(用適當的詞填空)32．Thereason________hegaveforhisabsenceis________hewasdrunk.33．Thisistheonlyoneofthebestnovelshasappearedthisyear.（用適當的詞填空）34．Whiletherestoftheteamwerepushingeastwardsfromageneralareahadbeensearched,Bellhadafeelingthattheboywouldbefoundinawesterlydirection.(用適當的詞填空)35．We’lldiscussacasebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.（用適當的詞填空）36．Thereesatimewemustbeelifelonglearners.(用適當的詞填空)37．Therewasatimethetwocountrieswereatwarandtherewerenodiplomaticrelations.38．Thisisthereasonhegaveus.（用適當的詞填空）39．Thewavescarriedmetoanareawasnearthefishermen.（用適當的詞填空）40．ShestudiedChinesemedicinefortwoandahalfyearswithexpectsinthefieldfromshegainedadeepknowledge.（用適當的詞填空）41．Theyareinapositiontheymaylosealargesumofmoney.(用適當的詞填空)42．That’stheshopassistantservedmethelasttimeIcamehere.(用適當的詞填空)43．Thisisthehousemygrandfatherbuilt.(用適當的詞填空)44．AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentplacesartistsshowtheirskillsandteachthevisitors.(用適當的詞填空)45．I’mcuriousaboutthepersonwithMr.Smithistalking.(用適當的詞填空)46．MytwobrothersandIwereingbackfromtheislandsweoftenriskedgoingandgotmorefishthanothers.（用適當的詞填空）47．Theschoolwasbuiltinthe19thcenturyhasalotofhistoricalsignificance.(用適當的詞填空)48．Heissuchagoodboyeveryonelikes.49．Thelabintheyworkedhaspoorairquality.（用適當的詞填空）50．Pleasepassmethebookcoverisgreen.51．Doyouknowthepeopleliveovertheroad?52．TheyweredrivingbythehousesAndyhaddescribed.53．Heopensadoorwhichourimaginationentersanewworld,aworldoflove,beautyandheroism.(用適當的詞填空)54．Istillrememberthedaywemetforthefirsttime.（用適當的詞填空）55．IwishtovisittheWestLakeHangzhouisfamous.（用適當的詞填空）56．TheboytheteacheristalkingisTom.(用適當的詞填空)57．Weliveinahousewindowsopentothesouth.（用適當的詞填空）58．OntheNationalDayofoneyear,wewenttothelaketosetofffireworks.Mymother’shousewasfarawayfromthespotwewouldlightthefireworks.Sowethoughtthenoisemightnotscarethedogs.(用適當的詞填空)59．Thelaboratorywhichtheyworkedhadpoorairquality.(所給詞的適當形式填空)60．Tigersharksliketoliveinwatershumansusuallyswim,sothechancesofanencounteraremuchgreater.（用適當的詞填空）61．Itisachallengingjobyouneedtocloselycooperatewiththeotherteammembers.（用適當的詞填空）62．IstillrememberthedaysIspentinthecountryside.（用適當的詞填空）63．October1,1949isthedaythePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.（用適當的詞填空）64．TheInternetisatoolmostofususeeveryday.（用適當的詞填空）65．Therearecasestheword“kid”isusedasaverb.（用適當的詞填空）66．Shewasnotinthetrainarrivedjustnow.(用適當的詞填空)67．Thisistheapartment

heboughtlastyear.(用適當的詞填空)68．Thoseareover45yearsoldwon’tbepermittedtogointothehall.(用適當的詞填空)69．Ishowedgreatconcernforthosepeoplelivesweregreatlyaffectedbytheflood.（用適當的詞填空）70．AsKarlMarxsays,“Thosemakemostpeoplehappyarethehappiestpeopleintheworld.”（用適當的詞填空）71．Ourhighschoolhascreatedaplatformindividualityisgreatlyrespected.(用適當的詞填空)72．Everyimportantoccasionourclassmateshitthejackpotismarkedwithourapplause.(用適當的詞填空)73．“Thankyouforlettingmeobserveyourclasses.Itwasanunusualexperience,”theemailbegan,gotmyheartracing.(用適當的詞填空)74．Shewonderedwhetherhehadsomeonetohecouldtalkfreely.(用適當的詞填空)75．Aftergraduation,HawkingfirstwenttoOxfordUniversityhestudiedphysics,andthenhefurtheredhisstudyinCambridgeUniversity.(用適當的詞填空)76．Thegirlrefusedtotellusthereasonshebecameinterestedinthisfilm.(用適當的詞填空)77．ThisisthecityTomwillspendtheholidaywithhisparents.(用適當的詞填空)78．ThereasonSamquitthetrainingwasnotconvincing.(用適當的詞填空)79．It’swidelyrecognizedthatwehaveenteredintoanagedreamshavethebestchanceofingtrue.(用適當的詞填空)80．Teenagersmayexperiencesituationstheirbodydevelopmentslowsdown.(用適當的詞填空)81．Inherthirties,thoughsufferingfromamarriagethehusbandwasviolentandeventurnedherfamilyagainsther,Granvillesoughtfortbystudyingmothsandbutterflies.(用適當的詞填空)82．Thepeoplefaceslitupwithahugesmilegavemethedeepestimpression.(用適當的詞填空)83．ThepolicearrestedtheverymaninbackpackIfoundmylostwallet.(用適當的詞填空)84．Manystudentshavejustreachedthestagetheycancontroltheirmoodsandactions.(用適當的詞填空)85．Therearebirdswhichkicktheiryoungoutatanearlystagetheycanproducenewchicks.(用適當的詞填空)86．Anexitisthedooryoucanleaveabuilding.(用適當的詞填空)87．Whenyou’realwaysexpectingmoreandalwayslookingforwardtoatimeyou’llbehappy,you’llneverbereallyhappy.(用適當的詞填空)88．IencounteredanoldfriendfromIhadpartedformanyyears.(所給詞的適當形式填空)89．Heisanexpertonriceplantingfromthelocalvillagershavelearntalot.(用適當的詞填空)90．Chinesecalligraphyisakindofartimportancehasbeenwidelyvalued.(用適當的詞填空)91．Forrestlookstotheothersideaboysitsaloneonalargerseat.（用適當的詞填空）92．Thebestwaytomakeakidbeeindependentistoputhiminapositionhehasnooneelsetoturnto.(用適當的詞填空)93．Mensaisasocietyforbrightpeople,anditaimstocreateaplatformmanythinkcanprovidethechancetosharetheirthoughtsandideas.(用適當的詞填空)94．SheoftenorganizesnonprofitpapercuttingactivitiesareopentothepublicinBeijing.(用適當的詞填空)95．Sheenviedourfamilyatmosphereourparentsshowedusmuchaffection.(所給詞的適當形式填空)96．Themomentthefirstraysofsunlightpaintedtheskysignaledthebeginningofanewday.(用適當的詞填空)97．Isthisclassroomyouhaveyourchemistrylessonstheoneyoulikethemost?（用適當的詞填空）98．TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecieslivewithintheGiantPandaRange.(用適當的詞填空)99．IlikegoingonfieldtripIcanexperienceanddothingstoprotecthistoricalsites.(用適當的詞填空)100．Sheworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopsheopenedwithherlatehusband.(用適當的詞填空)Partfour綜合必刷30題Passage01QingMingis1(popular)associatedwithJieZizhui,2livedinShanxiprovincein600B．C．ItissaidthatJiesavedhisstarvinglord’slifebyservingapieceofhisownleg.Whenthelordsucceededinbeingtherulerofasmallcountry,heinvitedhisfaithfulfollowertojoinhim.3,Jiedeclinedhisinvitation,4(prefer)toleadasimplelifewithhismotherinthemountains.BelievingthathecouldforceJieoutbyburningthemountain,thelordorderedhismentosetfiretotheforest.Tohisdisappointment,Jiechosetoremainwherehewasandwasburnttodeath.5(memorize)Jie,thelordorderedallfiresineveryhomebeputout6theanniversary(周年紀念日)ofJie’sdeath.Thusbeganthe“coldfoodfeast”,adaywhennofoodcouldbecookedsincenofirecouldbelit.The“coldfood”festivaloccursontheeveofQingMingand7(consider)aspartoftheQingMingfestival.Astimepasses,theQingMingfestivalhasreplacedthe“coldfood”festival.Whateverpracticeisobserved,thebasicobservationofQingMingistorememberone’seldersbymaking8specialefforttovisittheirgraves,ashesorancestraltablets.Tomakethevisiteven9(meaningful),sometimeshouldbespenttoremindtheyoungermembersofthefamilyofthelivesandcontributionsoftheirancestors.Oneofthemostimportant10(activity)onthisdayistosweepgravestohonorancestors,deadrelativesandfriends.Passage02Chinahasbeenworkinghardtopromoteexchangesbetweenitsyoungpeopleandtheonesfromothercountriesaroundtheworldonculture,innovations,workingskillsandentrepreneurship.Chinalaunched(發起)anactivity,whichisdedicatedtopromotingthe11(develop)ofyoungpeopleworldwide.Sofar,somebigpaniesinChina12(start)differentprojectsandbenefitedyoungindividualsfrom19countries,includingLaos,Vietnam,UgandaandPortugal.13typicalexampleisaprojectinUzbekistanbyaChinesepany.ItofferssomeexcellentcollegegraduatesopportunitiesforemploymentandtolearninChina.14isworthmentioningisthatsomelocalyouthsgotaccesstotrainingcoursesandlecturesandsomeyouths15(invite)toChinatovisitsomeprojectslastyear.Leaders