高考模擬卷(六)第一部分聽力(略)第二部分英語知識運用(共兩節，滿分35分)第一節單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)請認真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21.AsanAmericanlivinginTianjinforabout10years，ChrissaysthatithasbeenatobeawitnesstoChina’sgreatprogress.A.privilege B.preferenceC.priority D.principle答案A解析考查名詞辨析。句意為：作為一個在天津生活了大約10年的美國人，克里斯說，能夠見證中國的巨大進步是一種榮幸。privilege榮幸；preference偏愛；priority優先；principle原則。故A選項正確。22.Throughoutitsearlyyears，whatwenowcallhiphopwithoutevenhavinganame.A.evolved B.isevolvedC.hadevolved D.evolves答案A解析考查動詞的時態。句意為：在它的早期，我們現在所稱的嘻哈音樂甚至都沒有名字。根據throughoutitsearlyyears可知，空處應用過去式，所以用evolved。故A項正確。23.ScarcelymyselfcomfortableandclosedmyeyeswhenIheardthesoundofthealarm.A.Igot B.IhadgotC.didIget D.hadIgot答案D解析句意為：我剛讓自己舒服些，閉上眼睛，就聽到了警報響起的聲音。scarcely...when...是固定句型，意為“一……就……，剛剛……就……”。在該句型中，主句的謂語動詞應用過去完成時，而從句謂語動詞應用一般過去時；且scarcely位于句首時，主句要部分倒裝，而when引導的從句不倒裝。24.Therelationshipbetweenemployersandemployeeshasbeenstudied.A.originally B.extremelyC.violently D.intensively答案D解析originally最初地，原始地，獨創地；extremely極端地，激進地；violently猛烈地，激烈地；intensively加強地，集中地，深入細致地。句意為：雇主和雇員之間的關系已經被深入細致地研究過了。故選D。25.Peoplespendhalftheirtimedreamingofgettingrich，andtherestoftheirtimethinkingaboutallthethingstheyiftheygotrich.A.willdo B.didC.do D.woulddo答案D解析考查虛擬語氣。本句是指人們總是在夢想如果他們發財之后，他們會做什么。根據前句內容“Peoplespendhalftheirtimedreamingofgettingrich”可知敘述將來發生的事情，表示對將來的虛擬，主句用would/should/could/mightdo。故D項正確。26.AChineseproverbhasitthat“Atowerisbuiltwhensoilonearth，andariverisformedwhenstreamscometogether.”A.accumulates B.acceleratesC.collapses D.loosens答案A解析考查動詞辨析。句意為：中國有句諺語，“積土成塔，聚水成河。”accumulate積累；accelerate加速；collapse倒塌；loosen使變松。由“andariverisformedwhenstreamscometogether”可知，前后兩個句子為并列關系。所以accumulate“積累”符合句意。故A選項正確。27.—Thatwasratheratoughquestion.Howdidyougetitright?—Totellthetruth，Ijust.A.burntthemidnightoilB.waslefttosinkorswimC.playeditsafeD.tookashotinthedark答案D解析考查習語辨析。句意為：——那個問題是相當難的。你是怎么答對的？——說實話，我只是瞎猜的。burnthemidnightoil開夜車；belefttosinkorswim孤注一擲；playitsafe謹慎行事；takeashotinthedark瞎猜。由句意知D項符合語境。28.—IhavetogonowbecauseImustbeforclass.—Whatapity!Seeyou!A.modest B.punctualC.desperate D.adequate答案B解析考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意為：——我現在不得不走了，因為我必須準時去上課。——真遺憾！再見！modest謙虛的；punctual準時的；desperate絕望的；adequate充足的，充分的。根據句意可知應選B。29.Itissaidthattheonlysurvivorinthecarcrashwasbadlyinjured.However，somehowthedoctorsmanagedtohelphim.A.pullthrough B.putthroughC.lookthrough D.breakthrough答案A解析考查動詞短語辨析。句意為：據說車禍中唯一的生還者受了重傷。然而，醫生們還是成功地幫他康復了。pullthrough(大病后)康復；putthrough為……接通電話；lookthrough逐一查看，瀏覽；breakthrough突破。根據前面的“車禍中唯一的生還者受了重傷”可推知，是重傷后的康復，故選A。30.relatedindustries，BeijingwillalsocommittopromotingtheIntelligentConnectedVehicle(ICV)industry，whosefuturemarketishuge.A.Invirtueof B.IntermsofC.Ontopof D.Onbehalfof答案C解析考查介詞短語辨析。invirtueof通過，由于；intermsof就……而言；ontopof除……之外；onbehalfof代表。句意為：除了相關產業外，北京還將致力于推動未來市場巨大的智能互聯汽車產業。根據句意可知C項正確。31.—Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?—“Nopersonsmokeorcarryalightedcigaretteorpipeinthisrestaurant.”A.willB.shallC.needD.must答案B解析句意為：——那邊的牌子上寫著什么？——“任何人不得在本餐廳吸煙或手持點燃的香煙或煙斗。”shall在此處表示“規定”。32.Blogdiscussionsmaybeclosedtonewcomments，amessageisdisplayedinformingyouofthat.A.inwhatcase B.inthatcaseC.inwhosecase D.inwhichcase答案D解析考查定語從句。句意為：博客討論也許會屏蔽新的評論，在這種情況下，會有消息通知你的。句中whichcase指代前面一句話的內容，引導非限制性定語從句，inwhichcase意為“在這種情況下……”。選項中what不能引導定語從句，that通常不能放在介詞的后面，whose的語義不搭配。故D項正確。33.Themayor，writingthereport，turnedoffthelight，closedthedoorandwentdirectlytohisbedroom.A.tofinish B.finishedC.finishing D.havingfinished答案D解析句意為：寫完這份報告之后，市長關了燈和門，徑直朝他的臥室走去。分析句子結構可知，空處應填非謂語動詞，且Themayor與finish之間是主謂關系，再結合題干中的“turnedoffthelight，closedthedoorandwentdirectlytohisbedroom”可知，finish所表示的動作發生在并列的謂語動詞所表示的動作之前，故空處應用現在分詞的完成式。34.Tryshemight，Suecouldn’tgetthedooropen.A.ifB.whenC.sinceD.as答案D解析as在此意為“雖然，盡管”，引導從句需用倒裝語序，即把句中的形容詞、副詞、名詞或者謂語動詞提到as前面。故選D。35.—Soyoumissedthewonderfullecturegivenbythefamousprofessor?—.Igotthere10minutesbeforeitfinished.A.Yougotmethere B.YousaiditC.Ihatetosayit D.Notexactly答案D解析考查情景交際。Yougotmethere你難住我了；Yousaidit你說對了；Ihatetosayit我討厭這么說；Notexactly不全是。句意為：——這么說你錯過了那位著名教授的精彩演講了？——不完全是。我在演講結束前10分鐘到達了那里。結合句意可知答案為D。第二節完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Theymayhavetext，email，FacebookandTwitter，butyoungpeoplearestilllonelierthananyotheragegroup.TheLonelinessinNewZealandReport，36byStatisticsNewZealand，showsunder30saremore37tofeellonelythanolderpeoplebecauselonelinessdecreaseswith38.Lonelinessandpoormentalhealthwerestrongly39acrossallages.Youngpeoplewerenotaslikelytofeellonelybecauseof40hardship，butamongolderpeople，lackofmoneyhasasignificant41onloneliness.Womenweremorelikelytofeellonelythanmen.PhilipWalker，spokesman42theGeneralSocialSurvey，saidbecauseitwasrelativelynewitwashardtoknowwhetherlonelinessamongyoungpeoplewasanew43.Butoverseasresearchhasfoundthat44oflonelinessinyouthtodayaregrowing.MrWalkersaidthe45neededmoreexploration，includinglooking46theroleoftechnologyandsocialmedia.“Itcouldbethatpeople’s47ofconnectionhavegoneup，soweexpectincreasedlevelsofconnection，”hesaid.“While48likecellphonescouldhelpyoungpeoplestay49，ontheotherhandforthosewhodogetbullied，especiallybulliedonline，it’squite50.Alotofthetimepotentiallyitisabig51toloneliness.”FiguresfromonlinedatingwebsiteFindSomeonealso52moreyoungpeoplewerelookingfor53.ManagerRickDavies，saidyoungerdatinghopefulswerethefastestgrowing54onthesite.TheStatisticsNewZealandreportalso55peoplewhodidn’thaveface-to-facecontactwithfamilyandfriendsweremorelikelytofeellonely，aswerethosewholivedalone.語篇解讀本文講述不同年齡段的人對孤獨的感受情況。研究表明，年輕人比年齡大的人更容易感到孤獨；女人也比男人容易覺得孤獨；與家人和朋友缺少面對面的交流的人容易感到孤獨。36.A.published B.announcedC.found D.written答案A解析新西蘭統計局的報告用“公布”恰當。publish出版，發表，公布；announce宣布，述說，預示，播報；find發現，找到；write書寫。37.A.sure B.likelyC.possible D.closed答案B解析句意為：三十歲以下的年輕人比年齡大一些的人更容易感到孤獨。belikelytodo意為“有可能做某事”；possible作表語時，主語不可以是表示人的單詞，通常用it作表語。38.A.experience B.abilityC.age D.knowledge答案C解析句意為：新西蘭統計局公布的《新西蘭孤獨報告》顯示了三十歲以下的年輕人比年齡大一些的人更容易感到孤獨，因為孤獨感隨著年齡的增長而降低。根據thanolderpeople推出用age。39.A.hated B.relatedC.isolated D.cursed答案B解析孤獨感和心理狀況不佳在各個年齡段都有很強的相關性。related與……相關的，故選B。40.A.emotional B.employableC.educational D.financial答案D解析從下一句but后的內容可知這里說的是經濟問題。句意為：年輕人不大可能因為經濟困難而感到孤單。emotional情緒的，易激動的；employable適宜雇用的，有資格任職的；educational教育的，有教育意義的；financial金融的，財政的，財務的。41.A.influence B.harmC.disturbance D.fear答案A解析句意為：但是對年齡大的人來說，缺少金錢會對孤獨感產生很大的影響。influence影響，符合題意。42.A.from B.asC.for D.by答案C解析結合語境，此處指綜合社會調查部門的發言人。from意為“出自；來自；從……起”，如果用from，spokesman前面需用冠詞。as意為“作為；如同”，如果用as，則應該放在spokesman的前面。for意為“為；因為；代表”；by意為“靠近；通過；被；經由；不遲于”。43.A.trend B.directionC.choice D.fashion答案A解析句意為：(發言人)說因為對孤獨感的研究是相對較新的，很難知道年輕人中的孤獨感是否是新的趨勢。從下一句可以推出A選項正確。trend意為“趨勢，傾向；走向”。44.A.senses B.levelsC.stories D.factors答案B解析根據growing可以推出B選項符合語境，level意為“水平；標準”。句意為：但國外研究發現，現在青年的孤獨程度在上升。45.A.finding B.contradictionC.result D.experiment答案A解析根據上文中的overseasresearch可以推出A選項正確。句意為：沃克先生說這個研究的結果需要更多的探索……。finding調查(或研究)的結果；contradiction矛盾，反駁；result結果，成績；experiment實驗，試驗。46.A.forB.onC.aboutD.at答案D解析句意為：沃克先生說這個研究的結果需要更多的探索，包括考慮科技和社交媒體的作用。lookfor尋找，期望；lookon看作，認為是……(接as)；lookabout四下里看，環顧；lookat看，考慮。47.A.expectations B.imaginationsC.civilization D.innovation答案A解析句意為：這可能是人們對人際關系的期待上升了，所以我們希望聯系的緊密程度增加。expectation期待，預期；imagination想象，想象力；civilization文明，文化；innovation創新，革新。48.A.transport B.technologyC.information D.channels答案B解析根據第三段第一句中的“theroleoftechnologyandsocialmedia”和空后的“likecellphones”可以推出B選項為正確選項。transport運輸；technology技術，工藝；information信息，資料；channel通道，頻道，海峽。49.A.connected B.knowledgeableC.comfortable D.informed答案A解析根據上文中的“connectionhavegoneup”可以推出A選項為正確選項，connected意為“連接的；有聯系的；連貫的”。句意為：盡管像手機這樣的科技能夠使年輕人處于聯系當中……。50.A.isolating B.usefulC.frightening D.exciting答案A解析句意為：……另一方面，對于那些受到欺負的人，尤其是網上受欺負的人，這是非常孤立的。isolating孤立的，絕緣的；useful有用的，有益的；frightening令人恐懼的；exciting令人興奮的，使人激動的。51.A.contribution B.contributorC.introduction D.help答案B解析句意為：大部分情況下，這也是人感到孤獨的一個潛在原因。contribution貢獻，捐獻；contributor貢獻者，投稿人，原因；introduction介紹，引見；help幫助。52.A.confirmed B.noticedC.informed D.expressed答案A解析由本空后的較年輕的約會者增長最快，可推知這個網站的數據證實了越來越多的年輕人在尋找愛，故選A，confirm意為“證實，確認”。53.A.comfort B.friendshipC.love D.support答案C解析參考上題解析。54.A.students B.consumersC.candidates D.group答案D解析較年輕的約會者是所有約會人員中的一個特定群體，故選D。group組，團體。55.A.showed B.toldC.disclosed D.suggested答案A解析句意為：新西蘭統計局的報告還表明沒與家人和朋友面對面接觸的人更容易感到孤獨。show表明，證明；tell告訴，辨別；disclose公開，揭露；suggest提議，建議。第三部分閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)請認真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ABookinaBoxWhatisBIAB?Creatingabookinthetraditionalwayispainful.Theprocessisconfusingandtime-consuming.AtBookinaBox，wesolvethatproblem.Wehavecreatedanewprocesstoturnyourideaintoabook，whichonlyrequiresyoutospendabout50hoursonthephoneandtakesaboutsevenmonths.Notonlythat，butthebookisentirelyyourideas，yourwordsandinyourvoice.HowitworksInshort，weinterviewyou.Youuseyourvoicetogetyourideasintoabook，insteadofyourfingers.Ourprocessupdatestheancientscribemodelinasystematicandmodernwaytogetyouabookthatisentirelyyourideas，inyourwords，andevenyourvoice—butmucheasierthandoingityourself.BookinaBoxPromises1.Wewon’tworkwithyouunlesswebelieveinyourbook’sideas.2.Yourbookwillbeprofessional.3.Yourbookwillbeyourideas，words，andvoice.4.Yourbookwillhaveamarketingplan.PRICING：US$25KTheBookinaBoxpackageincludesalltheelementsrequiredtotakeyourideasandturnthemintoaprofessionallypublishedbook.1.CompletedBookManuscriptComprehensiveinterviewstogetallyourideasoutofyourhead.Thecontentofyourbookdraftedwithyourwords，revisedwithyourchangesandfullyproofread.2.PublishedBookAbeautifullydesignedcoverandinteriorlayout(includingupto10images)inbothpaperbackande-bookformats.Fullrightsownership，including100%ofroyalties，withtheabilitytoorderunlimitedcopiesatcost(withaninitial50-copygiftfromus).3.DistributionandMarketingPrintinganddistributionthroughallmajoronlineretailers.MarketingandpromotiontobecomeanAmazonbest-seller.Ascheduledpodcastinterviewonyouandyourbook.Majormediapresswithcontentbasedonyourinterview.4.Add-onsandExtrasHardcoverversion(with50copies)：US$2,500Audiobook：US$5,000Multipleauthors(2＋)：US$2,000perauthoreq\x(語篇解讀本文主要介紹了一家為客戶提供出書服務的公司的相關信息。)56.HowdoesBIABhelpcustomerscreateabook?A.Ittranslatestheirmainideas，wordsandvoicesintoabook.B.Itcreatesasystemtoturnthecustomers’voiceintowords.C.Ithelpsthemsolvetheproblemstheyhaveintheprocess.D.Itcollectstheinformationthattheyneedforthebook.答案A解析細節理解題。綜合Howitworks中的內容可知，BIAB通過采訪客戶來得到他們的想法，然后再使用系統而現代的方式創作出一本書。故選項A符合題意。57.WhatservicesdoesBIABoffer?a.Editing.b.Designing.c.Readingandcorrecting.d.Printing.e.Arranginganinterviewonthebook.f.Marketing.A.a，b，c，d，e B.a，b，d，e，fC.b，d，f D.a，b，c，d，e，f答案D解析細節理解題。根據BookinaBoxPromises部分的內容可知，BIAB提供編輯、設計、校對、印刷、采訪以及營銷等服務。故選項D符合題意。BWhenit’sfiveo’clock，peopleleavetheiroffice.Thelengthoftheworkday，formanyworkers，isdefinedbytime.Theyleavewhentheclocktellsthemthey’redone.Thesedays，thetimeiseverywhere：notjustonclocksorwatches，butoncell-phonesandcomputers.Thatmaybeabadthing，particularlyatwork.Newresearchshowsthatclock-basedworkscheduleshindermorale(士氣)andcreativity.Clock-timersorganizetheirdaybyblocksofminutesandhours.Forexample：ameetingfrom9a.m.to10a.m.，researchfrom10a.m.tonoon，etc.Ontheotherhand，task-timershavealistofthingstheywanttoaccomplish.Theyworkdownthelist，eachtaskstartswhentheprevioustaskiscompleted.Itissaidthatallofusemployamixofboththesetypesofplanning.What，then，aretheeffectsofthinkingabouttimeinthesedifferentways？Doesonemakeusmoreproductive？Betteratthetasksathand？Happier？InexperimentsconductedbyTamarAvnetandAnne-LaureSellier，theyhadparticipantsorganizedifferentactivities—fromprojectplanning，holidayshopping，toyoga—bytimeorto-dolisttomeasurehowtheyperformedunder“clocktime”vs“tasktime”.Theyfoundclocktimerstobemoreefficientbutlesshappybecausetheyfeltlittlecontrolovertheirlives.Tasktimersarehappierandmorecreative，butlessproductive.Theytendtoenjoythemomentwhensomethinggoodishappening，andseizeopportunitiesthatcomeup.Theresearchersarguethattask-basedorganizingtendstobeundervaluedandunder-supportedinbusinessculture.Smartcompanies，theybelieve，willtrytobakemoretask-basedplanningintotheirstrategies.Thismightbeasmallchangetothewayweviewworkandtheoffice，buttheresearchersarguethatitchallengesawidespreadcharacteristicoftheeconomy：workorganizedbyclocktime.Whilemostpeoplewillstillprobablyneed，andbe，tosomeextent，clock-timers，task-basedtimingshouldbeusedwhenperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity.It’llmakethosetaskseasier，andthetask-doerswillbehappier.語篇解讀朝九晚五，這是許多單位都采用的工作模式。本文闡述了鐘點式工作模式與任務完成式工作模式的好處與壞處，建議公司可以把這兩種工作模式相結合，以求效益的最大化。58.Whatisthewaymanyworkersoftendotheirwork?A.Theyadopttask-basedplanningstyle.B.Theyfollowclock-basedworkstyle.C.Theychoosetodotaskstotheirtaste.D.Theypreferthemostcreativetaskonhand.答案B解析細節理解題。根據第一段第二句“Thelengthoftheworkday，formanyworkers，isdefinedbytime.”可以看出，許多工人執行的是由時間界定的工作方式。59.Smartcompaniesnowadaysaresupposedto.A.putworkefficiencyaboveeverythingelseB.carryoutclock-basedstrategiestotheletterC.improvethequalityofworkers’lifeatanycostD.adoptmoretask-basedpracticeofmanagement答案D解析推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段最后一句“Smartcompanies，theybelieve，willtrytobakemoretask-basedplanningintotheirstrategies.”可知，明智的公司會嘗試在他們的策略中加入更多的基于任務的計劃，因此可以推出這些公司將會更多地運用任務式的管理方式。60.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ClockTimeorTaskTime?B.TasksKeepWorkersMoreProductiveC.KeepaBalanceBetweenWorkandLifeD.PerformHappyandCreativeJobsNow答案A解析標題歸納題。綜合文章大意可知，本文主要是闡述鐘點式工作模式和任務完成式工作模式這兩種不同的管理方式，分析了其各自的優缺點，故選項A符合文章主題。CWhales，sealsandwalrusesstaywarminchillywaterbecausetheyhaveathicklayerofblubber(鯨脂).Wehumansrelyonsomethinglikeblubber—neoprenerubber(氯丁橡膠)wetsuits—tospendtimeincoldwater.Butthethickversionsforreallyicywaterareheavyandungainly.Soratherthantakingafterbigmarinemammals，whatifwecouldlearnfromthelittleones，likebeavers(海貍)andotters(水獺)?“Theseanimalsarequitesmallandtheycan’tcarryaroundathicklayerofblubber.Soinsteadtheyhavefurthatisevolvedtotrapair，andthisairprovidesalayerofinsulationfortheminwater.”AliceNastoisagraduatestudentinmechanicalengineeringatMIT.Scientistshaveknownaboutthisair-trappinginsulationmechanismforalongtime，buttheyhadnotteasedoutthedetailsofhowitworks.SoNastoandhercolleaguestookonthechallenge.“We’recreatingthesefurrysamplesfromtheserubberymaterialsbylasercuttingmoldsandcastingthesehairysurfaces.Andthroughourapproachwecanpreciselycontrolthespacingofthehairsandthelengthofthehairs.”Theresearchersthencreatedasystemtogatherdatawhentheirpeltsenteredandmovedthroughaliquid—inthiscasenotwater，butsiliconeoil，whichmakesiteasiertoseeairbubbles.Thekeyistokeepthepelt’sairlayerintact.“Sowhenthey’recrossingtheairwaterinterface，initiallytheirhairytextureisfullofair.Andthenyougointowater.Howmuchoftheaircomesdownwithyouasyou’removinginthroughtheinterface.Sothat’swhatthismodelwilltellyou.”Theyfoundthatthedenserthehairs，themoretheairgettrapped，whichshouldkeeptheanimal—orpotentiallythehumaninafuturefurrywetsuit—warm.TheresearchisinthejournalPhysicalReviewFluids.“Whatwewouldliketoworkonmovingforwardisunderstanding，afteryoudiveintothewater，howdoyoumaintainthisairlayertrappedinyourfur.Andthere’slotsofinterestingpropertiesofthefurinnaturethatwehaven’tyetlookedatinourmodelthatcouldhelpexplainhowthismechanismmightwork.”Sofornow，cold-waterdiversandsurferswillstillemulatesealsorsealions.Butthedaymaycomewhenthey’llmorecloselyresembleottersorbeavers.OrevenaWookieeonaboogieboard.語篇解讀這是一篇科普類文章。文章敘述了體積較小的海洋哺乳動物在寒冷的水中如何保持身體溫暖，以及麻省理工學院機械工程專業的一名研究生愛麗絲·納斯托和她的同事們所做的進一步的研究。61.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom.A.astorybook B.anewspaperC.atravelbook D.asciencemagazine答案D解析文章出處題。由文章的主要內容可知，這是一篇科普說明文。因此最有可能發表在科學雜志上。62.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEinthepassage?A.Scientistshavejustknownaboutthisair-trappinginsulationmechanism.B.Thedenserthehairs，themoretheaircanbecarriedwith.C.Theresearchershavestudiedhowthisair-trappinginsulationmechanismmightwork.D.Cold-waterdiversandsurferscanemulateottersorbeaversnow.答案B解析細節理解題。根據倒數第三段中的“Theyfoundthatthedenserthehairs，themoretheairgettrapped.”可知，毛發的密度越大，存留的空氣越多。故選B。63.Whatcanmakethelittlemammalskeepwarmincoldwater?A.Athicklayerofblubber.B.Anair-trappinginsulationmechanism.C.Afurthatisevolvedtotrapair.D.Aneoprenerubberwetsuit.答案C解析細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Soinsteadtheyhavefurthatisevolvedtotrapair，andthisairprovidesalayerofinsulationfortheminwater.”可知，使它們能在冰水中保持溫暖的是進化出的可以存留空氣的皮毛。故選C。64.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AFantasticLayerofFurB.AnImportantResearchC.AWonderfulMechanismD.AThickLayerofBlubber答案A解析標題歸納題。文章主要敘述了體積較小的海洋哺乳動物在寒冷的水中利用自己的皮毛保持體溫溫暖，以及愛麗絲·納斯托及其同事對它的進一步的研究。故選項A是正確答案。D“Whatiscivilization？”askedKennethClark50yearsagointheBBCseriesonthesubject.“Idon’tknow，andIcan’tdefineitinabstractterms，yet.ButIthinkIcanrecogniseitwhenIseeit，andI’mlookingatitnow.”Andheturnedtogesturebehindhim，atthesoaringGothictowersandflyingbuttressesofNotreDame.Itseemsinhumantocaremoreaboutabuildingthanaboutpeople.ThatthesightofNotreDamegoingupinflamehasattractedsomuchmoreattentionthanfloodsinsouthernAfricawhichkilledover1,000arousesunderstandablefeelingsofguilt.Yetthewidespread，intensegriefatthesightofthecathedral’scollapsingsteeple(尖塔)isinfactprofoundlyhuman—andinaparticularly21st-centuryway.Itisnotjusttheeconomythatisglobaltoday，itisculturetoo.Peoplewandertheworldinsearchnotjustofjobsandsecuritybutalsoofbeautyandhistory.Abuildingonwhosesunnystepsyouhaverested，infrontofwhichyouhavetakenaselfiewithyourlovedone，becomesawarmpartofyourmemoriesandthusofyourself.ThathelpsexplainwhyChinaisinmourning—WeChat，youngChina’sprincipalmeansoftalkingtoitself，hasbeenthrobbingwiththestory，andXiJinping，thecountry’spresident，sentamessageofcondolence(慰問)toEmmanuelMacron，hisFrenchcounterpart—whileIndiawaslargelyindifferent.TourismfromIndiatotheWestisastreamcomparedwiththefloodfromChina.Thisvisualagehasblessedbeautywithnewpower，andsocialmediahaveturnedgreatworksofartintosuperstars.Onlyafew，though，haveachievedthisstatus.Justasthereisonlyeverahandfulofworld-famousactors，sothenumberofgloballyrecognisableculturalsymbolsistiny:theMonaLisa，Michelangelo’sDavid，theTajMahal，theGreatPyramid—andNotreDame.Disaster，too，isvisual.Inthe24hoursafterthefirestartedvideosonsocialmediaoftheburningcathedralwereviewednearlyaquarterofabilliontimes.Yettheemotionsthesightarousedwerelessaboutthebuildingitselfthanaboutwhatlosingitmightmean.NotreDameisanexpressionofhumanityatitscollectivebest.Nobodycouldlookupintothatvaultedceilingwithoutwonderingatthegeniusofthethousandsofanonymouscraftsmenwho，overacenturyandahalf，realisedavisionsograndinitsstructuralambitionandsodelicateinitshand-chiselleddetail.Itssurvivalthrough850yearsofpoliticalturbulence—throughwar，revolutionandNazioccupation—bindsthepresenttothepast.Thefirealsobindspeopletoeachother.Theoutpouringofemotionithasbroughtforthisproofthat，despitethedarkforcesofdivisionnowabroad，weareallinittogether.Whennationalismisarisingthreat，sharedsadnessmakesborderssuddenlyirrelevant.Whenpoliticsispolarised，aloveofculturehasthepowertounite.WhenextremismdividesMuslimfromChristianandreligiouspeoplefromatheists，thoseofallfaithsandnonearemourningtogether.Anedifice(宏偉建筑)builtforthegloryofGodalsorepresentstheunityofthehumanspirit.Anditwillberebuilt.Themorningafterthefire，themanyParisianswhowenttothecathedraltomournitsdestructionfoundcomfortinstead.Althoughthespireisgone，thetowersarestillstandinganditseemslikelythatthewholebuildingcanberevived.Theefforttorebuildit，likethefire，willbringpeopletogether.Within24hours，6000m($677m)hadbeenraisedfrombusinessesandrichpeople，andalotofcrowd-fundingcampaignsstarted.Ahigh-resolutionlaserscanofthebuilding，carriedoutrecently，shouldhelp.Itwillneverbethesame，butthatisasitshouldbe.AsVictorHugowroteinTheHunchbackofNotreDame，athree-volumelove-lettertothecathedral：“Greatedifices，likegreatmountains，aretheworkofcenturies.Artisoftentransformedasitisbeingmade...Timeisthearchitect，thenationisthebuilder.”語篇解讀這是一篇夾敘夾議文。人類文明延續至今，已經有幾千年的歷史，正是有了這些偉大藝術的存在，人類才能超越個體的短暫，讓精神長存。像巴黎圣母院這樣的建筑不僅是法國人民的驕傲，也是全人類的瑰寶。火災發生后，全世界的人們為巴黎圣母院哀悼，并為它的修復貢獻自己的力量。65.Whatdothefirsttwoparagraphsimply?A.WeshouldfeelguiltyaboutignoringthefloodsinsouthernAfrica.B.Peopleinmoderntimestendtocarealotabouthistoryandcivilization.C.Thedestructionofahistoricbuildingismoreseriousthanthelossoflife.D.ThehumancivilizationisgonewiththeburningofNotreDameCathedral.答案B解析推理判斷題。由前兩段可知，“但我想當我看到它的時候我能認出它，現在我正在看它。”他轉過身來，指向身后高聳的哥特式塔樓和高聳的巴黎圣母院。比起關心人，更關心建筑似乎有違人道主義。然而，實際上，看到大教堂尖塔倒塌，那種廣泛深刻的悲痛正是人性深刻的體現，這是一種二十一世紀的獨特方式。所以前兩段暗示出，在現代，人們往往更加關心歷史和文明。故B選項正確。66.WhichofthefollowingcanexplainwhyChinaandIndiaresponddifferentlytothecathedralonfire?A.Familiarityproducesaffection.B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.Absencemakestheheartgrowfonder.D.Beautyisintheeyeofthebeholder.答案A解析細節理解題。由第三段可知，如今，不僅經濟全球化，文化也走向全球化。人們漫游世界，不僅僅為了尋求工作和安全，也為尋找美好和歷史。一個建筑，如果你曾在它灑滿陽光的臺階上休息，曾一起和愛人在它前面自拍，那么它就會成為你記憶中溫暖的一部分，因此成為你的一部分。中國游客如洪水般涌進西方各國，相比之下，印度前往西方的游客數量可謂是涓涓細流。所以A選項“熟會生愛”可以解釋為什么中國和印度對巴黎圣母院著火的反應不同。故A選項正確。67.Theculturalsymbolsinthefourthparagrapharementionedtoprovethat.A.newshaswingsintheageofsocialmedianowadaysB.onlyafewculturalsymbolscanbecomeworld-famousC.disastersbecomemorepowerfulwithsomevisualeffectD.culturalsymbolshavetakenonnewmeaningsinthevisualage答案A解析推理判斷題。根據第四段可知，這個視覺時代賦予美以新能量，社交媒體將藝術名作變成了巨星。然而，只有少數作品獲得了這種地位。正如世界著名演員屈指可數，因此，全球可識別文化標志性藝術作品也很少，主要有：《蒙娜麗莎》、米開朗基羅的《大衛》、泰姬陵、大金字塔，以及巴黎圣母院。災難也進行了視覺呈現。大火發生后的24小時內，社交媒體上關于燃燒的巴黎圣母院視頻點擊量近2.5億次。所以社交媒體的力量是巨大的，他能將全球可識別文化標志迅速傳播。故判斷出第四段中提到的文化標志證明當今社交媒體時代的新聞傳播速度之快。故A選項正確。68.Whenthecathedralwasonfire，peoplefeltmostpainfulabout.A.thedestructionofitsartisticandtime-honoredceilingB.thefadingofitsstructurewithcarefullymadedetailsC.thelossofthelinkbetweenthepastandthepresentD.thedeathoftheunknowncraftsmenwhocreatedit答案C解析細節理解題。由第五段最后一句“Itssurvivalthrough850yearsofpoliticalturbulence—throughwar，revolutionandNazioccupation—bindsthepresenttothepast.”可知，巴黎圣母院經歷了850年的風云變幻，包括政治動蕩、戰爭、革命以及納粹占領，她連接著過去和現在。當大教堂著火時，人們感到最痛苦的是人們失去了過去和現在之間的聯系。故C選項正確。69.WhichofthefollowingaboutwhathappenedafterthefireisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Technologicalsupportismoreimportantthananythingelseintherescuework.B.Thefirehasunitedpeopleintheworldtofocusontherestorationofthecathedral.C.Donationsweremadeovernight，mostofwhichwerefromtherichbusinessesandpeople.D.Influencedbythedisaster，peoplewithdifferentbeliefshaveabandonedtheirprejudices.答案B解析細節理解題。由最后兩段可知。重建工作也將人們團結在一起。所以，這場大火使全世界的人團結起來，集中精力修復大教堂。故B選項正確。70.VictorHugo’swordsarequotedinthelastparagraphtoprovethat.A.NotreDamelikeanyotherartshouldbetransformedB.timehealseverythingandwewillsoonforgetthesorrowC.therebuiltNotreDamewillnotenjoythesamereputationD.timeconstantlygivesNotreDamenewmeaningandvalue答案D解析推理判斷題。由最后一段可知，正如維多克·雨果曾為巴黎圣母院寫的三卷情書——《巴黎圣母院》中所寫的那樣，偉大的建筑，宛如巍峨的山巒，是時間的杰作。在創作藝術的過程中，藝術常常會被改變……時光是建筑師，國家是建設者。所以通過雨果所說話的內容可以判斷出最后一段引用了雨果的話來證明，時間不斷地賦予圣母院新的意義和價值。故D選項正確。第四部分任務型閱讀(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)請認真閱讀下面短文，并根據所讀內容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當的單詞。注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。It’sDangeroustoWearSleepDeprivationasaBadgeofHonorBeingover-tireddoesn’tfeelgood.Sleepdeprivationcomeswithacrankymalaise，yetmostofuscontinuetobehaveasifit’snobigdealthatweareoftenexhausted.Infact，manyofuswearoursleepdeprivationasabadgeofhonor.Weglamorizeourabilitytopullall-nightersandburnthecandleatbothendsbecauseweareanationbuiltonthenotionthatifyousnoozeyoulose—or，asthelateWarrenZevonputit，I’llsleepwhenI’mdead.Welookatsleepasabarriertosuccess，fun，andself-fulfillment，eventhoughsleepdeprivationisphysiologicallyandpsychologicallydangerous.It’stimetofaceuptotherisksassociatedwithourcultureofsleepdeprivation.Mostofusarefamiliarwiththefirstsignsofsleepdeprivation，suchasfeelingirritable，havingdifficultyconcentrating，andsufferingfromfatigue.Insteadofresting，though，wedrinkanothercupofcoffeeandpowerthrough.Unfortunately，thecumulativeimpactofsleepdeprivationismoredangerousthangenerallyacknowledged.Abodyofsleepresearchshowsthatlackofsleepcanberesponsiblefordepression，anxiety，stress，andpanicattacks，aswellasamyriadofhealthproblems，includingheartdisease，diabetes，migraines，increasedriskforcancer，strokes，anddementia.Thebeliefthatsleepisabarriertoself-developmentrunsdeepinourculture.DaleCarnegie，th