廣州牛津英語八年級上講義及練習Unit1Encyclopaedias一、詞形轉換1.Italiann.意大利人;意大利語adj.意大利人的;意大利語的Italy3.4.artistic5.abilityn.才能;能力Unableadj.不會的，不能的7.includev.包括;包含including8.suddenlyadv.突然;忽然suddenadj.突然的，意外的9.winv.獲勝;贏won–won10.intelligencen.才智;智慧intelligently11.paintv.油漆;繪畫paintingn.繪畫;油畫paintern.畫家;油漆匠二、重點短語(單詞與短語過關P102)1.inthecountryside在鄉村2.havetheabilitytodosth.有做...的能力3.dieout滅絕;消失4.beborn出生5.lookup查閱;查找6.learnabout了解7.growold變老8.some...,others一些...，另一些...9.learnfrom向...學習...10.takepictures/photosof...給...拍照11.goforawalk去散步12.befamousfor因...而聞名13.whatelse其他什么14.morethan超過15.usedtodosth.過去常常做...16.atypeof一種...17.inthedryweather在干燥的天氣里18.bigattractions大的景點19.breakopen破裂20.climboutof從...爬出來三、重點句型(讀背記)1.Ashegrewolder,helearnttodomanydifferentthings.隨著他長大，他學會了做很多事情。2.Forexample,hisnotebooksincludesomeinterestingdrawingsofflyingmachines.例如,他的筆記本里包含一些飛行器的有趣圖畫。3.Somedinosaurswereassmallaschicken.Otherswereasbigastenbigelephants.一些恐龍和小雞一樣小，其他的和十頭大象一樣大。4.DinosaursoncelivedonEarthmorethan60millionyearsbeforehumanbeings.恐龍先于人類生活在地球上超6千萬年。5.WhenIwasyoung，Iusedtokeepanotebook.當我很小的時候，我常記筆記。6.Suddenly，theyalldiedout.突然，它們都滅絕了。7.Wecanalllearnsomuchknowledgelikeher.(p6)我們可以像她那樣學到很多知識。8.SomeplacesinAustraliaareverydry,sothesesheepareimportanttothefarmersthere.(p13)澳大利亞的一些地方非常干燥，所以這些羊對當地農民來說非常重要。8AUnit1詞形轉換檢測1.Italian→n.2.Italian→pl.(復數)3.invent→n.(指人)4.science→n.(指人)5.science→adj.6.art→n.(指人)7.art→adj.8.able→n.9.music→adj.10.music→n.(指人)11.include→prep.12.sudden→adv.13.win→n.14.intelligent→n.15.paint→n.Unit1EncyclopaediasVocabulary(1)基礎識記一、根據要求寫出相應的單詞。1.invent(名詞) 2.art(形容詞)3.include(介詞) 4.able(名詞)5.nobody(反義詞) 6.win(過去式)7.science(指人的名詞) 8.intelligence(形容詞)9.suddenly(形容詞) 10.die(名詞)二、根據句意及首字母提示寫單詞，完成句子。11.Annhatestheexperienceontheisland.Andshedoesn'tetalkaboutit.12.Annahadalittleheadacheyesterday.H,shestillwenttoworkbybus.13.WeallknowBellwastheiofthetelephone.14.Timlikesmusicverymuch.Hisdreamistobeam.15.Somestudentstookouttheirnandbegantotakenotes.三、用括號內所給的詞的適當形式填空。16.Itiseducationalforstudents(attend)anafter—classactivity.17.Theyefrom(Italian),maybetheyare(Italian).18.Theforeignertookoutsome(dollar)tobuysomefood.19.Sevenpeoplediedinthetrafficaccident,(include)twochildren.20.Ilikereadingsomescientificbooks.Mydreamistobeagreat(science).21.Thestudentsovertherehavedifferentkindsof(ability).22.Theirparentsusedto(live)inthevillagefarawayfromthecity.23.Heworkedhard.Atlasthe(win)thegame.24.Themanovertherewas(bear)inapoorfamilyin1971.25.The30—year—oldgirlisan(artistic),andshecansing,drawanddance.四、選出符合題意的最佳選項。()26.Thereareallsortsofanimals,bears,pigs,kangaroos,andpenguins.A.probably B.including C.beside D.forexample()27.Lawsshouldbepassedtoprotecttigers.Otherwise,theyarecertainto.A.dieout B.dieof C.dieaway D.growup()28.Ican'tremembertheexacttime.Canyouwhattimethemeetingstarts?A.talkabout B.lookaround C.speakto D.findout()29.Thiskindofworkrequiresandexperience.Heiswiseenoughtodoit.A.intelligence B.science C.experiment D.imagination()30.Inyesterday'sfootballmatch,GermanItalytwo—one.A.won B.beat C.fought D.caughtVocabulary(2)基礎拓展用所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.intelligencel)Inmoderntimes,“AI”standsforartificial2)She'sevenmorethanhersister.3)Theydealtwiththetroublethings!4)Canmachinesbeasashumanbeings?2.Italy1)Dopeopleinshakehandswhentheymeet?2)Theyateinan,restaurantinForthStreet.3)Sheoncevisitedforsometime.So,sheunderstandsalittle.4)Inmypany,weemployedsome.Theyareusedtolivinghere.3.invent1)Inhisyouthhiswishwastobean2)Chinaistheofthepass,paper—making,gunpowderandprinting.3)Hethefirstelectricclock50yearsago.4)Thisnewwonthehighestaward.Withit,peoplecanusethemachinemoreeasily.4.artistic1)Beijingoperaisaspecialstyle.2)IexplainedthatIwasan.3)Fishingisanlikepainting.5.include1)AgoodBritishbreakfastalwayssausages.2)Therearetwelveofus,Tomandme.6.able1)Theylosttheirtohear.2)Hewasbadlyhurt.Hewastomove.Hehadtolieinbed.3)Sheistofinishtheworkintwodays.7.musician1)Ihaveasisterwhoisa.2)Alotofandsingerslikeplayingthepiano.3)Iprefersoft.Itcanmakemerelaxed.8.suddenly1)wesawherinthedistance.2)Hewasdeeplysadbythedeathofhisfatherin—law.Reading(1)詞匯記憶與運用一、根據要求寫出相應的短語。1.超過;多于 2.一些...另一些5.查閱;查找 7.出生... 【學以致用】根據句意從上面選擇適當的短語并用其正確形式填空，補全句子。11.Thebiologyscientiststrytogiveussomereasonswhythedinosaurs.12.Youcansomenewwordsinthedictionary.13.ThespeakeronTVinapoorfamily.14.Aswe,wecanunderstandmanymorethings.15.shouldlearntoprotecttheenvironment.二、根據漢語提示補全句子，每空一詞。1.我認為照相機是最有用的發明之一。Ithinkthecameraisoneof.2.鄉下的空氣很清新，夜晚的天空有許多的星星。Theairisveryfreshandclean.Therearemanystarsatnight.3.窗戶旁邊的黑狗和門旁邊的白狗一樣強壯。Theblackdognearthewindowisstrongthewhiteonenexttothedoor.4.他父親很小時就開始工作。Hisfatherstartedtowork.5.房間的租金包括早餐在內。Thepriceoftheroom.三、拓展閱讀:選擇方框中的詞或短語填空，如需要，進行適當變化，每個詞或短語最多選用一次。however;fromanearlyage;beborn;haveability;thegreatmusician;havemanypiecesBeethoven,afamousmusicianintheworld,(1)inGermanyin1770.InhischildhoodBeethovendidn'thaveahappylife.Hisfatherwasasinger.(2),hebegantolearntopractisehourafterhourondifferentmusicalinstruments.Ifhedidnotputhisheartintoit,hisfatherwouldbeathimormakeithardonhim.Beethovenlovedmusicandhelearnedsofastthathe(3)togoaroundtogiveconcertswhenhewasonlyaboyofeleven.Attheageofseventeen,hewonhighpraisefromMozart.(4),Beethovenwasoftenpoorandillduringhislife.Afteroneillness,hesuddenlyfoundhimselfdeaf.Atthattimehewasonlythirty—one.Itwasablowtohimindeed.Buthestillwentonworkingandwritingmusicpieces.Topeople'ssurprise,someofthemostfamouspieceswerewrittenafterhelosthishearing.In1827,leavingmorethan300pieces,(5)died.Buthisnameisstillrememberedtothisday.Reading(2)句型與課文一、用括號里所給的句型造句。1.從早年起，他們就對恐龍表現出極大的興趣。(Fromanearlyage,sb.showed...)2.隨著年齡的增漲，我們學會了怎么與人好好相處。(Assb.growolder,...)3.他強壯得像一頭熊。(beas+adj.+as)4.沒有人知道那晚他發生了什么。(whathappenedto)5.多記單詞對我們學好英語是有用的。(It'susefulto...)6.你應該盡可能經常說英語。(as...aspossible)7.放學后，一些同學正在掃地，另一些同學正在擦門窗。(Some...Others...)二、選出符合題意的最佳選項。()1.Helikeseatingfruitapples,pearsandbananas.A.suchas B.belike C.looklike D.seemlike()2.HeusedtoinShanghai,butnowheisusedtoinGuangzhou.A.live;drive B.learn;speak C.live;living D.teach;work()3.Timturnedontheputerandbegantowhetherthelatestfashionwouldbeonsale.A.searchfor B.takeup C.findout D.turndown()4.Wewillbewiserandwiseraswe.A.turnstronger B.growolder C.beetaller D.gethealthier()5.Thisboxisthreetimesthatone.A.longeras B.asbiggeras C.aslargeras D.asheavyas三、課文改寫填空。DaVincilivedin(1)(Italian).Hewasfamousas(2)engineer,aninventor,apainter,amusiciananda(3)(science).Hewas(4)(bear)inthecountryside.Whenhewasyoung,hewasvery(5)(intelligence).(6)hebecameolder，hecoulddomanythings.Oneofhismostfamous(7)(paint)wastheMonaLisa.Inhiswholelife,hehadmany(8)(invent).Atthesametime，someinterestingdrawingsof(9)(fly)machineswereinhisnotebook.Dinosaursonceexistedoversixty(10)(million)yearsbeforehumanbeingsontheearth.Someofthemwereas(11)(smally)aschickens.Otherswerethesamesizeastenelephants.Somedinosaurscouldflyinthesky.Somedinosaurslived(12)plants.Othersenjoyed(13)(cat)meat.Nobodyknowswhydinosaursdied(14)suddenly.Peoplecanknowaboutthemfrom(15)(them)fossils.Listening,Speaking,WritingandMorePractice基礎知識一、根據要求寫出相應的短語。1.向...學習... 2.給...拍照 4.一種...5.向上爬,攀登 二、根據漢語提示補全句子，每空一詞。1.我們終于贏得了一等獎。Wefinally.2.我的家鄉美得像一幅畫。Myhometownabeautifulpicture.3.做出這道題的答案花了我們半天的時間。Ittookushalfadaytheanswertothequestion.4.它將對這次比賽有很大幫助。Itwillbeawiththepetition.5.我確信你的選擇是對的。Iyourchoiceisright.6.你可以從這本書上學到有用的東西。Youcansomethingusefulthisbook.7.建一個公園在這里是有用的。buildaparkhere.8.湯姆和他的朋友晚飯后總是去公園散步。Tomwithhisfriendsaftersupperinthepark.9.那個小孩子看起來像她的媽媽。Thebabyhermother.10.當一條蛇從草叢里爬出來，他非常害怕。Hewasveryscaredwhenasnakeofthegrass.11.很多人喜歡在大本鐘處拍照。AlotofpeopleenjoytheBigBen.12.當雞蛋破開的時候，他看到了一只小雞。Whentheegg,hesawalittlechicken.三、用所給單詞的適當形式完成句子。1.Sallywants(bee)amanagerinthefuture.2.Manypeoplewillgotobig(attract)duringthesummervacation.3.Isthisjobvery(importance)toyou?4.They(begin)doingthisjoblastyear.5.Hewantedsomething(eat),buthefoundnothinginthefridge.6.(visit)likethelocalsnacksinthistownverymuch.Mostofthemwillbuysomefortheirfriendsorrelatives.7.Hemakeshisclassreally(interested).8.Idon'tthinkIhave(copy)downthephonenumberscorrectly.單元話題書面表達:名人生平簡介“雜交水稻之父”(fatherofhybridrice)袁隆平是我們國家的英雄，也是世界人民的英雄。請根據下列內容，加上自己的感想，寫一篇文章介紹他，詞數90字左右。要點提示:1.他1930年9出生于北京，2021年5月22日去世。2.他是科學家也是農民，一生致力于種植雜交水稻，使中國和全世界人民免于饑餓。3.1973年，成功首次種植雜交水稻。2020年獲得“共和國勛章”(theMedalofChineseRepublic)【你的準備】【必備詞匯】寫出與短文有關的詞匯。4.使...免于饑餓【亮點句型】寫出與短文有關的學過的句型。1.succeedindoing...他成功首次種植雜交水稻。.2.aswell他既是科學家也是農民。.【構思篇章】要包括所有要點，但不要根據提示直接翻譯。第一段寫基本生平，第二段介紹經歷和貢獻，第三段寫自己的感想。過去發生的事情，用一般過去時;感想可以用一般現在時。【你的精彩】NationalHero:YuanLongpingGrammar不定代詞一、復合不定代詞類別①指人:everyone,someone,anyone,noone②指物:everything,something,anything,nothing二、復合不定代詞的幾個常考考點1.復合不定代詞如果充當主語時，謂語動詞用單數式。例句:Everyoneishere.2.如果被定語修飾時，修飾語只能后置，也就是說“形容詞放在不定代詞的后面”。例句:Didyougoanywhereinterestinglastweekend?Didyouseeanyoneelseintheclassroom?3.和some,any用法一樣，帶有some的復合不定代詞一般用于肯定句和請求語氣的句子中，帶有any的復合不定代詞一般用于否定句、疑問句。1)Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.我有一些重要的事要告訴你。(something用于肯定句,修飾語important后置。)2)Idon'tfeellikeanythingtoeat.我什么都不想吃。(anything用于否定句，修飾語toeat后置)。4.含有some的復合不定代詞也可用于疑問句中，表示請求、建議和反問等。①Couldyoutellmesomethingabouther?(表示請求)②Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?(表示建議)③Whydon'tyouasksomeonetohelpyou?(表示反問)5.含有any的復合不定代詞也可以用于肯定句中，表示“任何人”或“任何事”"的意思。例:Anythingispossible.一切皆有可能。一、基礎訓練1(根據句意,從括號中選擇合適的詞填空。)1.Thereare(some/any)newbooksintheschoollibrary.2.Weboughtaboxofcherry.Take(some/any)withyouwhenyouleave.3.Hecan'tgiveyou(some/any)helpatpresent.4.Thereis(something/anything)intheflower.Ithinkitisabee.5.OurtriptoTaiwanwasperfect.(nothing/everything)wentonwell.6.Iamthirsty.Iwouldliketohave(anything/something)todrink,please.7.Can(everybody/anybody)hearme?Asnakehere!8.Hecando(nothing/anything)foryou.Helovesyoudeeply.9.Myphonewasonthedeskjustnow,butIcan'tfinditnow.Did(nobody/somebody)takeitaway?10.LastweekIdid(something/nothing).Ijuststayedathomeandsleptalldaylong.二、基礎訓練2(從方框中選擇適當的詞完成句子。每詞限用一次。)something,everything,some,any，nothing,anything,nobody,anybody1.Thereisinyourpocket.Oh,itisakey.2.Icanhearbutyourvoice.3.Yourparentscan'tdoforyou.Youshoulddoityourself.4.Theycanhardlyseeinthisvillage.whathappenedtothevillagers?5.Thereisn'tmilkinthefridge.Let'sgotobuy6.Iamanewstudentintheschool.IknowhereandIfeellonely.7.Don'tworryaboutme.isOKwithme.三、綜合訓練(選擇最佳選項。)()1.Asmilecosts,butgivessomuch.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything()2.Idon'twanttoeat,Mum.I'mnotfeelingwell.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing()3.Isthereintoday'snewspaper?A.anythingnew B.newanything C.somethingnew D.newsomething()4.Danielwasabadmoodanddidn'ttalkto.A.on;something B.with;anybody C.in;anybody D.in;somebody()5.Waitamoment,Ihavetotellyou.A.importantsomethingB.somethingimportant C.anythingimportant D.importantanything()6.You'dbetternotreadtoday'snewspaperbecausethereisinit.A.nothingspecial B.anythingnew C.everythingimportant D.somethinginteresting()7.Thereiswrongwithmyputer.Itdoesn'tworknow.I'llbuyanewone.A.nothing. B.something. C.everything. D.anything()8.Idon'tthinkIamdifferentfromelse.Iamjustthesonofafarmer.A.anyone B.nobody C.someone D.everyone()9.Morning,class.Ishere?A.anybody B.everybody C.nobody D.somebody()10.iswaitingforyouatthegate.Hewantstosaythankstoyou.A.Somebody B.Anybody C.Everybody D.Nobody()11.Youdon'thaveadrink.CanIgetyou?A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything()12.TomspeaksChinesebetterthanelseinhisclass.A.noone B.another C.anyone D.theone()13.Therehasneverbeensuchabeautifulvillageintheworld.A.anywhere B.everywhere C.somewhere D.nowhere()14.Wearrivedatthestationtooearlyandhadtogo,sowehadtosatdownthere.A.somewhere B.anywhere C.everywhere D.nowhere()15.Lilyhadabadstomachache.Butthedoctorsaidtherewaswithher.A.newnothing B.serioussomething C.everythingserious D.nothingserious()16.canmakemymotherchangehermind.Sheissuchapersonwhonevergivesupeasily.A.Something B.Anything C.Nothing D.EverythingUnit1單元綜合能力提升訓練一、完形填空。HenryactsasanofficialintheCanadiangovernment.Oneday,hewas1tolearnmoreaboutwolves.Dowolveskilllotsofcaribou(北美馴鹿)?Dotheykillpeople?Theygavehimlotsoffoodandclothesandguns.Thentheyputhimonaplaneandtookhimto2.Theplaneputhimdownandwentaway.Therewerenohousesorpeopleinthisplace.Buttherewerelotsofanimalsandlotsofwolves.Peopletellterriblestoriesaboutwolves.Theysaywolvesliketokillandeatpeople.Henryrememberedthesestories,andhewas3.Hehadhisgunwithhim4.Thenoneday,hesawagroupofwolves.Therewasamotherwolfwithfourbabywolves.Afatherwolfandanotheryoungwolflivedwiththem.Henrywatchedthesewolveseveryday.Themotherwasavery5mother.Shegavemilktoherbabies.Shegavethem6aboutlife.Theylearnedhowtogetfood.Thefatherwolfgotfoodforthemother.Theyoungwolf7thechildren.Theywereanice,happyfamily—wolffamily!Henrydidnotneedhis8anymore.Inashorttime,hegotonwellwiththefamily.Henrywatchedthemforfivemonths.Helearnedthatmanystoriesaboutthewolveswere9.Wolvesdonoteatpeople,andtheydonoteatmanylargeanimals.Andhealsolearnedbadthingsaboutmen.Itwasmenwhokilledmanycaribouandwolves.Later,Henrywroteabookaboutwolves.Hewantedpeopleto10themandnottokillthem.()1.A.seen B.told C.heard D.found()2.A.alonelyplace B.abigcity C.alonelyvillage D.asmalltown()3.A.tired B.happy C.angry D.scared()4.A.intheoffice B.ontheroad C.alltheway D.alongtheforest()5.A.bad B.thirsty C.hungry D.wonderful()6.A.lessons B.fun C.value D.chance()7.A.shoutedat B.lookedinto C.laughedat D.playedwith()8.A.food B.clothes C.gun D.plane()9.A.nottrue B.notgood C.noteasy D.notclear()10.A.have B.teach C.understand D.grow二、閱讀理解。ADianawasborninarichfamilyonJuly1st,1961.OnJuly29,1981,DianamarriedPrinceCharles.LatershegavebirthtoPrinceWilliamandPrinceHarry.DiannaenjoyedtakingpartininternationalCharities(國際的慈善機構).OnedayinJuly1991,shewenttoahospitaltoseeAIDSpatientswithBarbaraBush,thewifeofthepresidentoftheUnitedStatesatthetime.PrincessDianatalkedwithanAIDSpatientwhowasunabletostandup.Sheevenhugged(擁抱)himandencouragedhimtofightagainsttheillness(疾病).Thepatientwasverygratefulandsaid,"AIDSpatientsdoneedwarmhugs."Ofcourse,shemadeit.Unfortunately,shediedinAugust1997.BritishPrimeMinister,TonyBlairsaidinhisspeechthatDianawasthePeople'sPrincess.Afterherdeath,peoplesetupafund(基金)torememberDianaandhelpthosewhoneedhelpintheUKandaroundtheworld.)1.HowoldwasDianawhenshegotmarriedtoPrinceCharles?A.18. D.24.()2.DianawastheofHarry.A.sister B.aunt C.mother D.wife()3.Theunderlinedword“grateful”means“.”A.angry B.pity C.satisfied D.thankful()4.Whatwastheaimofsettingupthefund?A.Tohelppeoplewhoneedhelp.B.TocollectmoneyforAIDSpatients.C.Toprovidemanyhousesforpatients.D.TomakeDianamorebeautifulandfamous.()5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.BlairwasthewifeofPrinceCharles.B.BarbaraBushwasalsoanAIDSpatient.C.Dianathoughtthepatientshadnomoney.D.BlairthoughtPrincessDianawasthePeople'sPrincess.BImaginehavinganappthatworkslikethis:Whenyouneedhelp,justopentheapp,touchthe"notOK"iconandatextmessagewillbesenttouptofivepre—selected(預先選定的)people,alongwithaplacetoshowwhereyouare.Themessagereads:"Hey,I'mnotOK.Pleasecallme,textme,oretofindme."USteenagersHannahLucas,15,andherbrotherCharlie,13,havecreatedanappcalled"notOK".ItcameoutintheUSandCanadaonJan31:Peoplejustneedtopay$1.99(12.5yuan)eachmonthtouseit.Hannahwasinspired(啟發)tocreatetheappduringadarktimeinherlifelastyear.Shegotadiseasethatcausedhertopassout(昏倒)atschool.Otherkidssometimesbullied(欺凌)heraboutthis.Shefeltsadandwantedtofindanappthatwouldallowhertogethelpwhenshewasn'tfeelingOK.SheaskedherbrotherCharlie,whosenicknameis“TechSupport”,tofindsuchanapp.Whentheycouldn'tfindone,theydecidedtoinventonethemselves.Theycameupwithsomedesignsfortheappfirst.Charlietookaprogrammingclasslastsummerandbuiltawebsitefortheapp.Hannahalsosharedherideainhersummerbusinessclass.Someappdevelopers(開發者)showedinterestanddecidedtohelpher.Hannahishappythatherappishelpingothers."ItmakeseverythingIwentthroughlastyearworthit,"shesaid.()6.Howmuchmoneydoestheapp“notOK”costayear?A.1.99dollars. B.12.5yuan. C.23.88dollars. D.150dollars.()7.WhydoesHannahLucaspassoutsometimes?A.Becauseshehasadiseasethatcausesthistohappen.B.Becausesheisoftenbulliedatschool.C.Becauseshedoesn'tgetenoughsleep.D.Becauseshegetstoonervousaboutexams.()8.Hannahandherbrothercreatedthisappto.A.makemoneytosupporttheirfamiliesB.helppeoplefindnewfriendsonlineC.callonpeopletofocusonschoolbullyingD.helppeoplewhentheyarenotfeelingwell()9.Theunderlinedphrase“cameupwith”means“.”A.catchupwith B.thinkoutof C.wasreadyfor D.askedfor()10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheapp“notOK”?A.HannahLucasandherbrotherdevelopedthisapp.B.UserscanusetheapptocallforhelpC.Userscansendtheirlocationtoother