UNIT1

PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENTSectionⅡ

LearningAboutLanguage單元語法精析Grammar——非限制性定語從句語法導(dǎo)圖語法講練非限制性定語從句一、與限制性定語從句的區(qū)別

限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句意義不可省略，否則原句句意不完整若去掉從句，主句意思完整結(jié)構(gòu)要求緊跟先行詞，從句與先行詞之間不加逗號用逗號與先行詞或主句隔開功能修飾先行詞修飾先行詞或整個句子

限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)詞所有的關(guān)系代詞及關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞，但是關(guān)系代詞that及關(guān)系副詞why除外省略情況關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時可省略所有關(guān)系詞均不可省略D典例呈現(xiàn)Self-drivingisanareawhereChinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.(限制性定語從句)無人駕駛是一個中國和世界上其他國家處在同一起跑線上的領(lǐng)域。(2021·全國乙卷)VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey'dbeendumped(傾倒)fromatruckallatonce.(非限制性定語從句)王峰和一組志愿者收集了一萬多塊塑料，然后把它們綁在一起，讓它們看起來像是同時從卡車上傾倒下來的一樣。Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,whereitwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.(非限制性定語從句)剩下的任何東西都可以放入冰箱，在那里可以保存兩三周。Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.(非限制性定語從句)我們將把公園的野餐推遲到下個星期，那時天氣可能會更好。Thespeech(that/which)hehasmadetodayisfarfromhisyesterday'spronouncement.(限制性定語從句)他今天的演講遠不及他昨天發(fā)表的聲明。TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlyaT-shirt,whichisastupidthinginsuchweather.(非限制性定語從句)特德穿著這樣一件T恤來過周末，在這樣的天氣里做這件事真是愚蠢。Ayoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,whomhewantedtoimpress.(非限制性定語從句)一個年輕的小伙子新交了一個女朋友，他想給她留下深刻的好印象。J即學(xué)即練1用合適的引導(dǎo)詞填空(1)(2023·新課標(biāo)全國Ⅰ卷)Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,________aredesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.(2)Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose______aretotallyengagedinacademiclife.(3)Cathy,______youmetinLondonwhileyouwerestudyinginOxfordUniversity,isnowbackinChina.whichwhowhom(4)Itisveryimportantforchildrentohaveaharmoniousschool,________teacherstreatstudentsliketheirownchildren.(5)ButSarah,______hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.(6)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s，_______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.(7)Myeldestson,________worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.wherewhowhenwhose(8)Idon'tknowthereason______youwereabsentfromthemeeting,andIamnotsurethatsomeonewilltellmethereason_____________youhaven'ttoldme.whythat/which二、注意事項1．非限制性定語從句不能用that和why引導(dǎo)D典例呈現(xiàn)Theoldwoman,wholivesonherown,hasacatforcompany.這個老婦人一個人住，養(yǎng)了一只貓陪伴她。Ihadtoldthemanagerthereason,forwhichIdidn'tattendthemeeting.(非限制性定語從句不能用why)我已經(jīng)把我沒有參加會議的原因告訴了經(jīng)理。IhadtoldthemanagerthereasonwhyIdidn'tattendthemeeting.(限制性定語從句中可以用why)我已經(jīng)把我沒有參加會議的原因告訴了經(jīng)理。2．which與as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別

whichas位置只能放在主句的后面位置靈活，可位于句首、句中也可置于句末意思這一點正如……，正像……的那樣D典例呈現(xiàn)Asyouexpected,hedidn'tbelieveme.正如你所預(yù)料的，他不相信我。Heheardaterriblenoise,whichbroughthisheartintohismouth.他聽到一個可怕的聲音，這讓他的心都提到嗓子眼兒了。3．非限制性定語從句由“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)時，其中的關(guān)系代詞用which或

whomD典例呈現(xiàn)Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachofwhichusesitdifferently.英語是一種被好幾種不同文化共同使用的語言，每一種文化使用它的方式都不同。Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyofwhomlefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.這個聚居地居住著將近1000人，他們中的許多人都背井離鄉(xiāng)去城市追求更好的生活。J即學(xué)即練2用合適的引導(dǎo)詞填空(1)(2023·新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ卷)Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,________helpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.(2)_____wehavestressedmanytimes，“servethepeople”isourfirstpolicy.(3)MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_________,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.whichAswhich(4)Thereason______wedidn'tgowasthatwewerenotifiedtoolate.(5)Thechildren,allof_______hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.whywhom專項練習(xí)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theyhavesucceededinsolvingmanyproblemsinaccordancewiththenewtheory,________isannouncedintoday'snewspaper.2．Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature,_______,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.3．Thetwopolicemenwerecompletelytrusted,________infacttheywere.4．Ididn'tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade，_______Iwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.whichwhowhichwhen5．Just_____afamoussayinggoes,everycoinhastwosides.6．Theownerpaidtheworkerforcleaningthewholebuilding,mostof________hadn'tbeencleanedforatleastonemonth.7．Herfatherworksinafactory,________hemakescars.8．Theoldladyhastwodaughters,oneof_______isworkingabroad.9．Thisisoneofthereasons______youhavetogiveitup.10．May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,________wasnamedofficiallybytheUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.aswhichwherewhomwhywhichⅡ.用非限制性定語從句合并下列每對句子1．IborrowedthebookJane

Eyrefromthelibrarylastweek.Myclassmatesrecommendedthebooktome.__________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Xi'anisoneofthefewcitieswithcitywalls.Itswallsremainasgoodasbefore._________________________________________________________________________________________IborrowedthebookJane

Eyrefromthelibrarylastweek,whichmyclassmatesrecommendedtome.Xi'an,whosewallsremainasgoodasbefore,isoneofthefewcitieswithcitywalls.3．Onanautumnafternoon,Iwenttoafarmwithmyfather.Ilearnttoplantpotatoesthere.___________________________________________________________________