Developingcreativethinkingofsolvingproblemsintests

探究式學(xué)習(xí)之十大詞類在語法填空中的應(yīng)用

2語法填空題的前世今生：

2007年高考廣東卷率先使用了10個空的閱讀體語篇語法填空命題形式，之后各個省區(qū)也相繼開始采用這種題型。2014年2月份國家考試中心公布的《考試說明》中宣布，從2014年開始，新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的高考全國卷以語法填空替代使用了幾十年之久的單項選擇。這一轉(zhuǎn)變體現(xiàn)了新課改由語法知識到語法技能的語法教學(xué)觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變以及當(dāng)今高考英語改革的趨勢：突出語篇，強(qiáng)調(diào)在語篇中測試學(xué)生的英語語言知識和技能。3語法填空題特點：◆題材和體裁多樣，貼近生活◆詞數(shù)：200詞左右◆材料來源于外文網(wǎng)站，語言地道◆突出語篇，注重交際

◆考點覆蓋面廣，針對性強(qiáng)◆提示類和非提示類的設(shè)空比例7:3或6:4語法填空真題回顧考點分析應(yīng)試點睛牛刀小試命題專家5

真題回顧6

（2014全國卷）

Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout

(be)

lateforschool.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,

someofthemlookedveryanxiousand____________(disappoint).Whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext__thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabike

(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused

(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.Still,theboykept

(ride).Hewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshouting.Finally,whenwecametothenextstop,theboyranupthedoorofthebus.Iheardanexcitedconversation.Thenthedriverstoodupandasked,“_____anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?”Awomanonthebusshouted,“Oh,dear!It‘s

(I)”.Shepushedherwaytothedriverandtookthesuitcasethankfully,Fiveothersonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddoneandthecrowdofstrangers

(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.beinganddisappointedtocaught——————-——————————tostopriding—————Didme/minesuddenly———7考點分析81111159應(yīng)試點睛10規(guī)律：如果所填詞仍需用名詞，一般改為名詞復(fù)數(shù)；如果不是名詞，則改成對應(yīng)詞性的詞。考點一提示詞為：名詞1.Afterthisday,Irealizedthatsometimesthe_____________(incident)ofonedayjustmakeyouwonderwhatyoueverdidtodeservesuchagiftofgoodness.(2016雅禮中學(xué)月考五)2.

…andthecompaniesmustpaythe_________(thief)moneytokeepthemfromleakingthecontents.(M10,U4,Reading,Line34)3.Thisdevelopmentneedstobedifferentfrompastdevelopment,whichpollutedtheenvironmentandwasted_________(nature)resources.

(M10,U1,Project,Line11)incidentsthievesnatural11規(guī)律：一般改為副詞，修飾形容詞或者動詞；如仍需要形容詞，填比較級或最高級或者反義詞；或者改為其他所需詞性的詞。考點二提示詞為：形容詞Butfiresin1728and1795__________(terrible)destroyedtheoldwoodenstructures.(2017師大附中月考三)2.Thecityhasthe__________(little)trafficnoiseandpollutionamongEuropeancapitals.(2016師大附中月考三)3.Lawshavebeenpassedinmostcountriestomakeit__________(legal)tocopyintellectualpropertywithoutpaying…,(M10,U4,Project,Line7)

Whileenjoyingitsgreat__________(convenient),peopleshouldnotignorethedanger.(2016師大附中月考五)terriblyleastillegalconvenience12規(guī)律：一般改為形容詞性或者名詞性物主代詞；或者反身代詞或者人稱代詞的主格/賓格考點三提示詞為：代詞__________(it)growerschangedtotheCavendishbanana.(2017雅禮月考六)Mypenisn'tworking!CanIborrow_________(you)?

(愛瘋專題練析)3.IfeltextremelynervousandIwasafraidthatIwouldfalloffandhurt___________(me).(2016東北師大附中六)Itsyoursmyself13規(guī)律：如果仍需填動詞，則考慮時態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致性；如果前后文已經(jīng)有謂語動詞且無連接詞，則根據(jù)非謂語動詞用法規(guī)則填doing、done或者todo。考點四提示詞為：動詞Todayanewformofcommunication“wechat”,which_________(own)aChinesename,isbecomingthemostinfluentialtexttool.(2016師大附中月考五)2.Groupsofrobotssearchtheoceans,_________(collect)differentkindsofinformation.(2017雅禮月考4)3.Cybercrimereferstoanycriminaloffence_________(relate)totheInternet.(M10,U4,Reading,Line7)

4.Security_________(consult)tellusthatcybercrimeiscostingfirmshundredsofbillionsofdollars.ownscollectingrelatedconsultants14牛刀小試15Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop

_(attract).Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch.I

(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe____(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback

mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,

IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter

_____(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude__

(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchcentreinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby

(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew

(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,

otheriswithmum---sheneversuspects.（2016全國卷）attractionwasallowedofficiallytowhenpermittedintroducingitsdaysthe16211113117

命題專家18Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（醫(yī)學(xué)界）

61as

amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside

62effects(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease-theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequiredtoprocessthefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsaltareremovedfromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.Asa

result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Evenworse,theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;byeatingmorefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃點心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be69careful(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70which

isnotgoodforthehealth.19Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（醫(yī)學(xué)界）

61

amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside

62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease-theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.As