押遼寧卷：閱讀與表達(dá)分析遼寧2024年一模試題真可知，閱讀與表達(dá)設(shè)置4個(gè)回答問題型，考查有細(xì)節(jié)理解題，主旨大意題和開放問答題。閱讀的話題涉及故事類、介紹類、觀點(diǎn)建議類、飲食與健康類、科普知識(shí)類、文化風(fēng)俗類及校園生活類。詞數(shù)為200－260詞，每篇文章前3個(gè)問題，根據(jù)keywords能在文章中定位信息，找到答案。而第四個(gè)問題為開放性試題，也叫綜合語言運(yùn)用。此類試題具有設(shè)問的開放性、思維的多向度和答案的多元化等特點(diǎn)。設(shè)問特點(diǎn)是多層次、多角度地設(shè)問，學(xué)生可以從不同角度來回答。答案是多元的，答案只要符合邏輯，語法正確都可以得分，答案不是唯一的。（2024·遼寧省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)一模試題）Ijoinedaband(樂隊(duì))asadrummerinmymiddleschool.Ithoughtitwouldbefunplayingthedrumandmeetingnewfriends.Atfirstitwaseasy,butamonthlater,itgotdifficult.Iwastheonlyonewhocouldn’tkeeppace(節(jié)奏)withtheotherplayers.Ourteacher,Angie,singledmeouttokeeppracticingwhileeveryoneelsegottorelax.Ifeltashamed(羞愧的)asmyteammateswatchedmefailsomanytimes.FinallyIgotsotiredofpracticingthatIdidn’tcareaboutdoingitright.“Areyougivinguponme,Steve?”Angieasked.“Yes,Iam,”Ishouted.AngiesentmeinsidethemusicroomwhereIcriedout.Thenshecameinandsaid.“Don’tbesad.Ibelieveyoucanmakeit!”Shetoldmenevertogiveup.SheleftmealoneandIrealizedAngiewasright—bygivingup,Iwasalsogivingupontheteamandmyself.Withhercomfort,Idecidedtogoonpracticing.However,Istillcouldn’tplaywell.Knowingmydifficulties,myteammatesgavemeahand.Theyspentthreemorehourspracticingwithmeeveryweek.Thankstotheirsupportandhelp,Ibegantokeeppacewiththem.Later,weperformedwonderfullyinanimportantshow.Inthewholeprocess,Iwastaughtthatalthoughweeachhadourownjobtodoinashow,itwouldtakeallofusworkingtogethertomaketheshowgreat.Ifeltacceptedandmadegreatprogress.Iloveeveryoneintheband.Ican’timaginewhatmyschoollifewouldbelikewithoutthem.41.WhatdidStevethinkofplayingthedrumonemonthafterhejoinedtheband?42.WhydidStevewanttogiveupplayingthedrum?43.HowdidStevemakegreatprogressinplayingthedrum?44.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantwhenweworkasateam?Why?(atleast30words)【答案】41.Itgotdifficult.42.Becausehegottiredofpracticing.43.Withthesupportandhelpofhisteammates.44.Ithinkthemostimportantthingforateamiscohesion.Becauseateamwithoutcohesionislikeascatteredsand,everyonemusthaveacommongoal,constantlymovingforwardfortheteam’sgoals,andalwayshavingateamspiritinmind.【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了作者加入了樂隊(duì)當(dāng)鼓手，中途差點(diǎn)放棄，最后在隊(duì)友的鼓勵(lì)下堅(jiān)持下來了。41.根據(jù)“Atfirstitwaseasy,butamonthlater,itgotdifficult.”可知，Steve在加入樂隊(duì)一個(gè)月后感覺打鼓變得困難了，故填I(lǐng)tgotdifficult.42.根據(jù)“FinallyIgotsotiredofpracticingthatIdidn’tcareaboutdoingitright.”可知，Steve想放棄是因?yàn)閰捑肓司毩?xí)，故填Becausehegottiredofpracticing.43.根據(jù)“Knowingmydifficulties,myteammatesgavemeahand.Theyspentthreemorehourspracticingwithmeeveryweek.Thankstotheirsupportandhelp,Ibegantokeeppacewiththem.”可推知，Steve得到了隊(duì)友的支持和幫助，所以取得了巨大進(jìn)步，故填Withthesupportandhelpofhisteammates.44.開放性作答，言之有理即可。參考答案為Ithinkthemostimportantthingforateamiscohesion.Becauseateamwithoutcohesionislikeascatteredsand,everyonemusthaveacommongoal,constantlymovingforwardfortheteam’sgoals,andalwayshavingateamspiritinmind.（2024·遼寧中山區(qū)一模）Imagineyouareagreatbasketballplayer.Youarereturninghomeafterabiggame.Asyouentertheairport,youaresuddenlystoppedbymanystrangers.Someofthemaretakingpicturesofyou.“We’reyourfans!”oneshouts.“Weloveyou!”Howdoyoufeelnow?ChinesebasketballplayerYangShuyu(楊舒予)recentlyfoundherselfinthissituation(處境).SodidtabletennisplayerWangChuqin(王楚欽)andsomeotherathletes.Noneofthemwelcomedthesuddenattention.“Don’tmeetmeattheairport.Idon’tlikethat.Meetmeatthestadium.Thankyou,”Yangsaid.Manyofushavefavoriteathletes.Wegetexcitedwhentheyhaveagreatperformance.Butsomepeoplehavegonetoofar.These“superfans”thinkabouttheirheroesallthetime:Whataretheydoingnow?Wherearetheygoingnext?Whydotheylooktiredtoday?Areyouoneofthese“superfans”?Ifso,youmayaskyourselftwoquestions.First,whydoyoulovethisperson?Someso-called“fans”onlycareaboutthelooksoftheirheroes.Theyknowlittleabouttheircareers(職業(yè)).Inarecentdiving(跳水)competition,QuanHongchan(全紅嬋)wonthesilver(銀牌).Duringtheinterview,oneofherfansshoutedangrilyfromthestands(看臺(tái)),“Thejudgeswereunfair!TheygaveQuanalowscoreonpurpose(故意地)!”Insports,nobodycanwinthemall.Butthatpersondidn’tseemtoknowthat.Theotherquestionis:Howdoyourheroesinfluenceyou?Amiddleschoolstudentoncewrotetousabouthishero,KobeBryant.Theboydecidedtoworkharderinschoolafterlearninghowhardthebasketballplayerhadworked.Ifyouloveyourheroes,donotwaitforthemattheairport.Instead,trytomakeimprovementsalongwiththem.41.WhatproblemdidWangChuqinandYangShuyuhaveattheairport?42.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthe“superfans”?43.WhydidthewritermentionKobeBryant?44.Howdoyousupportyoursporthero?(Write30wordsormore)【答案】41.Theyweresuddenlystoppedbystrangers./Theyweresuddenlystoppedbytheirfans.42.Theyonlycareaboutthelooksoftheirheroes.43.Toencouragefanstomakeimprovementsalongwiththeirheroes./Toshowfanshowtofollowtheirheroescorrectly.44.MyheroisZhangYufei.Isearchedforsomeinformationabouthergrowingupandlearntfromherspiritofhardworkandoptimism,soIalwaysworkhardandmakeeffortstosolveproblemspositivelylikeher.Inaddition,Icheerforherwhilewatchingherperformances,feelingproudofherandencouragingmyselftobebetteralongwithher.【解析】本文主要講述了體育明星在國際比賽后回國遭遇粉絲追隨的困擾，表達(dá)了對(duì)偶像過度崇拜這類現(xiàn)象的擔(dān)憂，并建議人們不要過度崇拜偶像，應(yīng)該理性看待偶像。41.根據(jù)“Asyouentertheairport,youaresuddenlystoppedbymanystrangers.”以及“ChinesebasketballplayerYangShuyu(楊舒予)recentlyfoundherselfinthissituation(處境).SodidtabletennisplayerWangChuqin(王楚欽)andsomeotherathletes.”可知，是他們突然被許多陌生人/粉絲攔住。故填Theyweresuddenlystoppedbystrangers./Theyweresuddenlystoppedbytheirfans.42.根據(jù)“Someso-called‘fans’onlycareaboutthelooksoftheirheroes.”可知，這種“超級(jí)粉絲”只關(guān)心他們心目中的偶像的長(zhǎng)相。故填Theyonlycareaboutthelooksoftheirheroes.43.根據(jù)“Amiddleschoolstudentoncewrotetousabouthishero,KobeBryant.Theboydecidedtoworkharderinschoolafterlearninghowhardthebasketballplayerhadworked.”可知，這位中學(xué)生以自己的偶像為榜樣，努力提升自己，和榜樣一起進(jìn)步，所以此處是為了鼓勵(lì)粉絲和他們的偶像一起進(jìn)步或者向粉絲們展示如何正確追隨他們的偶像。故填Toencouragefanstomakeimprovementsalongwiththeirheroes./Toshowfanshowtofollowtheirheroescorrectly.44.開放性問題，言之有理即可。參考答案為：MyheroisZhangYufei.Isearchedforsomeinformationabouthergrowingupandlearntfromherspiritofhardworkandoptimism,soIalwaysworkhardandmakeeffortstosolveproblemspositivelylikeher.Inaddition,Icheerforherwhilewatchingherperformances,feelingproudofherandencouragingmyselftobebetteralongwithher.解題基本步驟1.先看問題，再讀文章：把握主題，確定方向，摘取有用的材料，舍棄無關(guān)的信息，高效省時(shí)。2.細(xì)讀全文，認(rèn)真推敲：細(xì)心閱讀與試題有的詞匯、句子或段落，要特別留心一些信息詞。3.復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案：在找到答案后，應(yīng)將答案帶入問題中，檢查有無矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，則要考慮重選答案。解題技巧一、細(xì)節(jié)理解題此類題型一般都可以根據(jù)問題中的keywords在文章中定位信息，找到答案。但在寫答語時(shí)需要注意“準(zhǔn)、精、變”，即盡量用原文的關(guān)鍵詞回答，避開不熟悉的句式、詞匯或者詞組，提高準(zhǔn)確度；不要抄原句，要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單扼要地概括精煉；答語的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)要與問題的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。二、概括主旨題針解答此類試題時(shí)，要注意文章或段落的標(biāo)題、開頭與結(jié)尾。另外還要注意出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞，這可能是主題詞，通過分析主題詞在本文的意義，結(jié)合主題詞在文中的相關(guān)句子，整合出文章或段落的主題句。注意回答一定要言之有理，高度凝練。開放性設(shè)問題開放性試題，也叫綜合語言運(yùn)用。此類試題具有設(shè)問的開放性、思維的多向度和答案的多元化等特點(diǎn)。設(shè)問特點(diǎn)是多層次、多角度地設(shè)問，學(xué)生可以從不同角度來回答。答案是多元的，答案只要符合邏輯，語法正確都可以得分，答案不是唯一的。針對(duì)此類題型，先閱讀找要點(diǎn)，組織要點(diǎn)。思考給出自己的觀點(diǎn)。（主觀+客觀）A（2024·大連金州區(qū)一模）Doyouoftencompareyourselftootherpeople?Perhapsyourbestfriendreceivedsomethingyoureallywantedforbirthday,oryou’renotallowedtogotoaconcertbutyourbrotherorsisteris.Eventhoughcomparisonsarenormalandsometimeshelpful,focusingonyourownprogressisimportantforyourhappiness,too.Whyisfocusingonmeimportant?“Weprefertocompareourselvestootherswhoaredoingbetterornotaswellasourselves,”sayspsychologist(心理學(xué)家)NicolaAbbott.“Butcomparingyourachievementstoyourpastselfandyourfutureselfcanbemorepositive.”Thiscanmakeyoufeelproudandexcited.Ifyoubegintofeelquitelow,Abbottsuggestsfocusingonyourownprogressandwhatyou’regoodat.Youcanaskyourselfquestionslike“▲?”,“WhatdoIfeelproudof?”and“WhatimprovementscanInotice?”Thesecanhelptoimproveyourself-esteem(自尊心).“Comparingwithothersisnormal,”saysAntrobus,achildpsychologist,“butfocusingonimprovingyourownperformancecanhelpyoufeelsuccessful,too.Besides,learningtocelebrateyourfriend’sachievementscanhelpnotonlyto,improveyourfriend’sfeelingbutcanalsohelpyoufeelgood.“Itwillencourageyoutogetalongwellwitheachother.”41.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofcomparisons?42.WhatcanmakeyoufeelproudandexcitedaccordingtoParagraph2?43.Whatmightbethemissingsentenceinthe▲?44.Whichdoyouthinkismorehelpfultoyou,comparingwithothersorfocusingonyourownprogress?Why?（30wordsormore）B（2024·沈陽法庫縣一模）InChina,lotsofstudentsoftenusemuchoftheirtimetostudytheirlessonsanddon’thelpwithhouseworkathome.Somestudentsdon’tthinktheyneedtodohousework.Someparentsdon’tlettheirchildrendoit.Asaresult,studentsareallinneedofbasicskills.Luckily,thingsarechanging.In2021,manyschoolsbegantoteachstudentslifeskills.GuangmingMiddleSchoolinShenyangbuiltsomefarmingclubs.Therestudentslearnttoplantvegetables.“AtfirstIthoughtIcouldonlygrowsomevegetableshere,butinfact,Ilearntalotaboutvegetables,”saidChengBing,agirlattheschool.InHopeMiddleSchool,studentshaveaspeciallifeskillclass:Theylearntomakedumplingsindifferentkindsofshapes.“Icouldn’tmakedumplingsbefore,butnowIamgoodatdoingit.Ireallylovemylifeskillclass.It’smyfavouriteclass,”saidJiaYan,aboyattheschool.Asweknow,learninglifeskillsisasimportantaslearningChineseandmaths,becauseithelpsusprepareforourfuturelife.Boysandgirls,doyouhelpyourparentsdohouseworkathome?Ifnot,maybeyoushouldgetstartednow.41.WhatdomanyChinesestudentsspendmosttimedoingaccordingtothetext?42.WhatclubdidGuangmingMiddleSchoolbuild?43.Whyislearninglifeskillsalsoimportant?44.Isitnecessaryforstudentstodohousework?Why?Write30wordsormore.C（2024·大連第八中學(xué)一模）TheSpringFestivalalwaysbeginsondoorsandwalls.Springcouplets(春聯(lián))standforpeople’swishesforahappierlifeinthecomingyear.Thecoupletsarewrittenonredpaper.TheyarethemostimportantsymboloftheSpringFestival.AlthoughpeoplearebusywithallkindsofthingsbeforetheSpringFestival,stickingcoupletsisalwaysinthefirstplaceontheto-dolist.Andmymotherwouldaskmetotakesomegiftstopeoplewhowrotecoupletsforus.Whentheywerewriting,Iwouldwatchhowtheyusedthebrushtocreatethesewonderfulworks.LaterwhenIwasalittleolder,myparentsencouragedmetolearnhowtowritecouplets.Iaskedsomeelderpeopletoteachmesomeskills.Whenlearningfromthem,Ibecamegreatlyinterestedintraditionalculture.EverytimewhenourfamilyvisitedrelativesduringtheSpringFestival,Ialwayscollectedthepoemsofthecoupletsandusedthemtoexpressmygoodwisheslike“health,wealthandlong-life”tomyrelatives.Nowadaysasthescienceandtechnologyisdevelopingrapidly,coupletsaremainlyproducedbymachines.Wecaneasilybuyallkindsofbeautifulcoupletsonthestreets.Thoughformsofmakingcoupletshavechanged,thebestwishesthatcoupletsexpressremain.Theredpaperandblackwordsarenotonlyusedtowritethecouplets,butalsocarryourlovefortraditionalculture.Theywillneverbeforgotten.41.WhatdospringcoupletsstandforintheSpringFestival?42.Howdidthewriterexpressgoodwishestohisorherrelatives?43.Whycanweeasilybuyallkindsofbeautifulcoupletsonthestreet?44.Doyouthinkweshouldstickcoupletsornot?Why?(Write30wor