Unit4AdversityandCourage《一》重點單詞1.qualifyvt.使具名...資格qualifiedadi,符合資格;具備……的知識(式技能當歷生)qualificationn.資格;學歷;資歷①具備……的學歷/資歷bequalifiedfor.②具備資歷做某事:符合做某事的資格bequalifiedtodosth3Allthestudentsqualified(qualify)andinterestedareweletoparticipate.2.enthusiasmn.熱情,熱忱→enthusiasticadi.熱情的;熱心的→enthusiasticallyadv。熱情地①對(做)某事感興趣,對(做)某事熱心be/beeenthusiasticabout(doing)sth.②熱心的支持者:Anenthusiasticsupporter③熱烈歡迎:anenthusiasticwele④(非常)熱情地with(great)enthusiasm⑤充滿熱情fullofenthusiasm⑥Simonisenthusiasticaboutscience(對科學感興趣）anddreamsofbeingascientistallthetime.3.aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)①上船/飛機/火車/公共汽車goaboard②在飛機/船上beaboardtheplane/ship③歡迎乘坐!Weleaboard!④請大家上船/火車/公共汽車!Allaboard!⑤出國goabroad⑥國內外athomeandabroad4.assignvt.分派;布置;分配→assignmentn.(分派的)工作,任務①給某人分派某任務assignsth.tosb./assignsb.sth..②指派某人做某工作/擔任某職務:assignsb.to/assth.③她已被派去擔任新職務了。Shehasbeenassignedtoanewjob.④Neverwillthejournalistforgethisfirstassignment(assign)attheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.5.envyn.&vt羨慕;妒忌①某人羨慕/妒忌的對象theenvyofsb②出于嫉妒outofenvy③羨慕地,妒忌地withenvy④羨慕某人某事envysb./sth.⑤因某事而羨慕某人envysb.forsth.6.sinkvi.(sankorsunk,sunk)沉沒;卜沉;下降光t使下沉;①沉到……的底部sinktothebottomof②落到……后面sinkbehind③落日thesinkingsun④（一屁股)坐在椅子上sinkintoachair⑤沉落sinkdown⑥陷人貧困中sinkintopoverty7.abandonvt.舍棄;拋棄;放棄→abandoned遺棄的,被拋棄的①放棄做某事abandondoingsth.②沉湎于（某種情感)abandononeselfto③Thegamehadtobeabandoned(abandon)duetobadweather.④Heownedafarm,whichlookedalmostabandoned(abandon).⑤Somemiddleschoolstudentsabandonthemselvestoputers(沉溺于電腦）,whichmakestheirparentsworried.8.voyagen.&vi.航海;航行①環球航行anaroundtheworldvoyage②出航途中/歸航途中onthevoyageout/home③航天avoyageinspace④去航海（強調動作)goon/make/takeavoyage⑤在航海(強調狀態）beonavoyage⑥航海到……make/takeavoyageto...9.selfishadj.自私的→selfishlyadv.自私地→selflessadi.無私的→selflesslyadv。無私地;忘我地①自私的行為selfishbehavior②某人做某事是自私的。Itisselfishofsb.todosth.③Shewasawonderfulpanionandhergenerositytomewasentirelyselfless(self).10.perseverevi.堅持不懈→perseverancen.耐力;韌性;不屈不撓的精神①堅持（做)某事perseverein(doing)sth.②孜孜不倦地做某事perseverewithsth.③她以極大的決心和毅力全身心地幫助盲童。3Withgreatdeterminationandperseverance,shedevotedherselftohelpingblindchildren.11.resolvevi.&vt決定;決心;解決(問題或困難)n.決心;堅定的信念→resolutionn.決議;解決;堅定①解決爭端resolveadispute②解決沖突resolveaconflict③解決問題resolveaproblem④他決定不告訴她真相。Heresolvednottotellherthetruth.12.furnituren.家具一furnishvt為……配備家具;提供furnishedadj.配備家具的①一件家具apieceof/anitemoffurniture②配備著……befurnishedwith.….③配備齊全的房afullyfurnishedroom④向某人/某物提供……furnishsb./sth.with...13.unfortunate.Adj.不幸的，遺憾的unfortunatelyadv.不幸地;遺憾地fortunatelyadv，幸運地fortunateadj.幸運的①對某人來說不幸的是（作狀語)unfortunatelyforsb.②做某事很不幸beunfortunatetodosth.③很遺憾……Itisunfortunatethat....④幸運地做某事befortunatetodosth⑤在做某事方面很幸運be/feelfortunateindoingsth⑥(對某人來說）……是幸運的。Itisfortunate(for)sb.)that..⑦海風極其有益,所以應當推存那些住在海邊的幸運兒沿著侮濱散步。Theseabreezesarehighlybeneficial,soawalkalongtheseashoreisremendabletothosewhoaresofortunateastolivebythesea.14.guidevt.指導,影響n.旅游指南;導游→guidancen.指導;引導;導航①在……的指導下underone'sguidance/undertheguidanceofcoaches②尋求指導lookforguidance③在包括她丈夫在內的幾位著名教練的指導下,她進步迅速。3Undertheguidanceofsomefamouscoaches,includingherhusband,shehasbeenmakingachievementsrapidly.15.loyaladj.忠誠的;忠實的①忠實的朋友/支持者aloyalfriend/supporter②對某人忠誠:beloyaltosb.③她總是信守自己的政治原則。Shehasalwaysremainedloyaltoherpoliticalprinciples16mitv.犯(罪或錯等);承諾,保證→mitmentn.承諾;保證;奉獻①對……作出承諾makeamitmenttosb.②犯錯:mitanerror③如果你想投身新聞行業,你一定會成為一名成功的記者Ifyouaretobemittedtothejournalismfield,youareboundtobeeasuccessfuljournalist.《二》重點短語1.turndownsb.拒絕某人①Wehavealreadyturneddownfourapplicants(已經拒絕了四位申請者).2無論什么時候有困難,你都可以向我們求助。Wheneveryouareintrouble,youcanturntous3不用擔心,我相信你丟失的眼鏡早晚會出現的。Don'tworry.I'msureyourmissingglasseswillturnupsoonerorlater.2.makefire生火①放火燒…·setfireto②著火（表示動作)catchfire③著火（表示狀態)beonfire④縱火/點火燒某物setsth.onfire⑤他掃視了一下對面的房子,發現它著火了。Heglancedthroughtheoppositehouseandfounditwasonfire3.giveoff放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)①泄露;暴露;捐贈giveaway②歸還,送回giveback③(向……)投降,屈服,讓步givein(to)④放棄(做)giveup⑤發出（光、熱、信號等）;分發;耗盡,用光(doing)giveout⑥許多花朵都會散Manyflowersgiveoffanicesmell.《二》重點句式1.完全倒裝教材原句①以下是布萊克博羅日記中的一部分。BelowaresomeofBlackborow'sdiaryentries.②“堅持住,珀西。你可不要變成另一個湯姆。”有人答道。“Holdonnow,Perce.Don'tyougoturningintoanotherTom,”camethereply句式仿寫③在這些書中我最喜愛的是故事書。Amongthebooksismyfavouritestorybook.④傳來了他當選州長的消息。④Thencamethenewsthathewaselectedasgovernor.2.aslongas引導條件狀語從句教材原句①只要堅持不懈,你最終會走向成功。Itwilleventuallyleadtosuccessaslongasyoupersevere.句式仿寫②只要你堅持練習,你會發現剪紙沒有那么難。Youwon'tfindpapercuttingdifficultaslongasyoukeeppracticingit.3.Whatif...?如果……會怎么樣呢?教材原句①如果他們被耽擱了,那怎么辦?Whatiftheyweredelayed?句式仿寫②要是老師發現你沒完成家庭作業會怎么樣呢?Whatiftheteacherfindsoutthatyouhaven'tfinishedyourhomework?4.與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣教材原句①要不是有海洋生物,我們都得挨餓。Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.句式仿寫②如果牛頓生活在現在,他會吃驚于科技領域的發現。IfNewtonlivedtoday,hewouldbesurprisedbywhathasbeendiscoveredinscienceandtechnology.5.such...that引導結果狀語從