第一課時

SectionA(1a～2d)Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners？同步練習及單元訓練01基礎過關Ⅰ.根據句意及漢語提示填寫單詞。1.Lilyhadashort________(談話)withherteacher.2.Tomisjustachild,soyoushouldbe________(耐心的)withhim.3.Canyoumakea________(句子)with“if”？4.Pleaseread________(大聲地)sothatIcanhearyou.5.Thetwowordslookthesame,buttheir________(讀音)aredifferent.conversationpatientsentencealoudpronunciationsⅡ.用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。6.Westudyby________(watch)English－languagevideos.7.Mybrotherwantstoimprovehis________(speak)skills.8.Itwill________(probable)rain.Pleasetakeyourraincoatwithyou.9.Bill，pleasetaketheseEnglish________(textbook)toyourteacher.10.Canyoufinish________(read)thesebooksbefore10o'clock?watchingspeakingprobablytextbooksreadingⅢ.根據漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。11.他說話聲音很低，太難聽清楚他說什么了。Hespeaksinalowvoice.It's________________________hearhimclearly.12.那位專家什么時候給我們作報告啊？Whenwilltheexpert________________________________？13.如果你逐字讀，你需要三天才能讀完那本書。Ifyouread________________________，youneed3daystofinishreadingthebook.toohardtogiveusareportwordbyword14.現在來做單詞卡片怎么樣？Whatabout________________________now?15.房間越干凈，你就會越感到舒服。________________theroomis，________________________you'llfeel.makingwordcardsThecleanerthemorecomfortable02能力提升Ⅳ.按要求完成下列句子，每空一詞。16.JanehaslearnedEnglishforthreeyears．(對畫線部分提問)________________hasJanelearnedEnglish?17.Whynottellstoriestocheerupthesickkids？(改為同義句)________________tellingstoriestocheerupthesickkids?How

longWhatabout

18.WangLinlearnsEnglishbylisteningtotapes.(改為一般疑問句)________WangLin________Englishbylisteningtotapes?19.Tomteacheshimselftoplaythepianobypracticingeveryday．(對畫線部分提問)________________Tom________himselftoplaythepiano?20.Ithinkstudyingwithagroupishelpful.(改為否定句)I________thinkstudyingwithagroup________helpful.DoeslearnHowteachdoesdon'tisⅤ.補全對話。根據對話內容，從方框中選擇合適的選項補全對話。(其中有兩項多余)A:I'mhappythatyouarespeakingEnglishwell.B:21ButIknowIhavetolearnalotmore，

22I'mreallygladtotalktoyou，anativeEnglishspeakerfromtheU．S.A.A:23Iknownolanguageiseasyforaforeignertolearn，butI'msureyou'lllearnitverywellaslongasyoutrytouseitasmuchaspossible.B:24A:Youareright.I'msorryIhavetogonow.B:Thankyouverymuch.25A:Bestwishestoyou.A.I'mgladtotalktoyou，too.B.It'sreallynicetalkingwithyou.C.Thankyou.D.becausemyEnglishisnotsogood.E.You'rewelcome.F.I'velearnedEnglishforyears.G.Yes，thebestwaytolearnEnglishwellistouseitasoftenaspossible.21．________

22.________

23.________24．________

25.________CDAGB第二課時SectionA(3a～3b)01基礎過關Ⅰ.根據句意及漢語提示填寫單詞。1.Doyouknowthemostpopular________(表達)in2015?2.Couldyoutellmeyour________(秘訣)foralonghappylife?3.BobimproveshisEnglishbydoing________(語法)exercises.4.ItiswellknownthatColumbus________(發現)Americain1492.5.Mikedoesn'tknowthe________(意思)ofthenewword.Canyoutellhim?expressionsecretgrammardiscoveredmeaningⅡ.用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空。6.Thegirl________Annieismypenpal.7.Myteacherspokeso________thatIcouldn'tfollowher.8.Wereallyneedyourhelpand________．9.Wesenthimsomeflowersasan________ofthanks.10.Hejumpedaboutinexcitementatthe________．express，discover，call，understand，quickcalledquicklyunderstandingexpressiondiscoveryⅢ.根據漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。11.對我來說這是小菜一碟。It's________________________________forme.12.我第一次來到上海就愛上了這個城市。I________________________________ShanghaiwhenIfirstcomehere.13.不要害怕尋求幫助。Donot________________________askforhelp.apiece

ofcakefellinlovewithbeafraidto14.當我給湯姆打電話的時候，他正在用字典查新單詞。WhenIcalledTom，hewas________________newwordsinthedictionary.15.這家商店也賣各種各樣的衣服。Theshopsellsallkindsofclothes________________．lookingupaswell02能力提升Ⅳ.完形填空。Howlongwillittaketolearnanewlanguage？Oneyear，twoyearsortenyears？Accordingtoa16，ChrisLonsdale，youdon'tneedtospendsuchalongtime.17，allyouneedisjustsixmonths.Isthat18？Believeitornot，thescientisthimselfhasusedhisspecialwaystolearnmorethanfivelanguages，eachinabouthalfa19！Herearethewaysforlanguagelearners：Listenalot－itdoesn'tmatterifyou20ornot.Focuson(注意)gettingthemeaningfirst.Bodylanguageandfacialexpressionscan21．Getcreativeandusewhatyou'velearnt.Focusonthemostcommonlyusedwords，andusethemtolearn22words.Getalanguagepartnertohelpyou.Copytheface－watch23howpeople'smouthmoveswhentheyarespeaking.Connectwordswithpicturesinyour24．Willthesewaysbeuseful？Ifyoukeep25themforaboutsixmonths，I'msureyouwillbesurprisedbytheresults!()16.A.doctorB．writer C．teacher D．scientist()17.A.UnluckilyB．SuddenlyC．ActuallyD．Naturally()18.A.true B．wrong C．funnyD．popularDCA()19.A.monthB．year C．week D．day()20.A.knowB．understandC．think D．find()21.A.hate B．leave C．stop D．help()22.A.fewerB．better C．more D．worse()23.A.slowlyB．carefullyC．happilyD．quickly()24.A.mind B．interestC．choiceD．dream()25.A.rememberingB．teaching C．usingD．readingBBDCBAC名校講壇aloud，loudly與loud辨析(1)aloud作副詞。①意為“出聲地”，強調“出聲”，而不是在心里默默地“說”，通常與read，speak，think等動詞連用。如：readaloud朗讀；②意為“大聲地”，通常與

cry，laugh，shout，call等動詞連用。(2)loud①作形容詞，意為“響亮的；大聲的；高聲的”。如：aloudvoice大嗓門；②作副詞(與

loudly同義)，意為“響亮地；大聲地；高聲地”，側重發出的音量大，傳得遠，一般多用來與speak，talk，laugh，sing等連用。(3)loudly只用作副詞，意為“喧鬧地；嘈雜地；響亮地”。loudly比用作副詞的

loud使用范圍更廣，它除了與

speak，talk，laugh等動詞連用外，還可與其他表示聲響的動詞連用，含有“喧鬧”或“嘈雜”的意味。第三課時

SectionA(4a~4c)01基礎過關Ⅰ.用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空。repeat，chemistry，memory，pal，pattern1.Learninggrammarhelpsmeunderstandthesentence________better.2.Aliceismypen________．ShecomesfromEngland.3.Sherememberedthelongarticleby________itoverandoveragain.4.I'mgoodatphysicsand________．Ioftengetgoodscoresinthem.5.Hestudiedhismap，tryingto________thewaytoAnn'sstreet.patternspalrepeatingchemistrymemorizeⅡ.按要求完成下列句子，每空一詞。6.WorkingwithfriendsimprovesmyEnglish.(改為同義句)IimprovemyEnglish________________withfriends.7.Howdoyoupracticeyourpronunciation？(用listentotapes回答)Ipracticemypronunciation________________________________．byworkingbylisteningtotapes8.Ifyouexercisemore，youwillbehealthier.(改為同義句)________________youexercise，________________youwillbe.9.Jackoftenrelaxeshimselfbylisteningtobeautifulmusic．(對畫線部分提問)________________Jackoften________himself?10.Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.(改為同義句)Theboyisn't________________togotoschool.ThemorethehealthierHowdoesrelaxoldenoughⅢ.根據漢語提示完成句子，每空一詞。11.It'sagoodhabitto________________(記筆記)inclass.12.Whendidyoubeginto________________________(記日記)，Mike?13.Listencarefullytoeverywordyouhear，then________________________________(大聲把它們重復出來)．14.YangJuanalways__________________________(和……談話)herfriendsinEnglish.15.WangLinoftenlistenstothetapesto___________________________(改善他的發音)．takenoteskeepadiaryrepeatthemoutloudhas

conversationswithimprovehispronunciation02能力提升Ⅳ.閱讀理解。ListeningtestisoneofthemostimportantpartsoftheEnglishexam.Herearesometipsforyou.Beforeyoustarttolisten，youneedtorelax.Don'tbestressedout.Andtrytoreadthequestions.Thesequestionsusuallyhelpyouunderstandtheconversationorthepassage.Thenlistencarefullytothefirstsentence.Itusuallytellsyouthemainideaofthepassage.Whenyou'relistening，trytodosomethinkingandtakesomenotes，suchas：☆Whathappened?☆When，where，andhow?☆Whatdoesthespeakerwanttotellus?Inthisway，youmayunderstandthepassagebetter.Pleaseremembernottothinkaboutoneortwowordsforalongtime.Whenyouhearsomewordsyoudon'tknow，don'tspendtoomuchtimeonthem.Veryoften，you'llfindoutwhattheymeanlaterwhenyougoonwiththelistening.()16.Thispassagemainlytalksabout________.A．tipsonlisteningB．tipsonspeakingC．tipsonreadingD．tipsonwriting()17.Weshouldlistentothefirstsentencecarefully，becauseitusuallytellsus________.A．theanswerstothequestionsB．wheretowritetheanswersC．themainideaofthepassageD．howmuchtimeleft(剩余)forthelisteningtestAC()18.Whenyou'relistening，it'simportantforyouto________.A．remembereverywordB．takesomenotesC．understandallthewordsD．thinkaboutoneortwowordsforalongtimeB第四課時SectionB(1a～1e)01基礎過關Ⅰ.根據句意及漢語提示填寫單詞1.MyforeignfriendthinksChina'spopulation________(增加)quicklyinthepast.2.Thetrainistravellingata________(速度)ofsixtymilesanhour.3.Marywillbemy________(搭檔)inthenextdance.4.JessicaisfromEngland.Soshedoesn't________(理解)Chinese.5.Whydoyoumakesomany________(錯誤)?increasedspeedpartnerunderstandmistakesⅡ.用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。6.Pleasetellmehowto________(pronunciation)theword.7.You'dbetterfindapenpalifyoudon'tgetmuch________(write)practice.8.Ican'tunderstand________(speak)Englishsometimes.9.Mygrandpaoftenpractices________(play)Taijibytheriver.10.Mikeisgoodatsoccer.Heplaysitvery________(good).pronouncewritingspokenplayingwellⅢ.單項選擇。()11.Mybrotheroftenmakesmistakes________grammar.A.of B.by C.at D.in()12.Shedoesn'thaveapen________.A.write B.towrite C.towritewithD.writingwith()13.It'ssaidthathousepricesinourcity________by11%in2015.A.increased B.raised C.improved D.changedDCA()14.It'simportant________Englishwell.ofustolearnB.forustolearnC.ofuslearningD.foruslearning()15.Pleasetellme________.howtodo B.whattodo C.wheretodo D.dowhatBB02能力提升Ⅳ.按要求完成下列句子，每空一詞。16.Idon'tknowwhatIshouldbuyformyfather.(改為簡單句)Idon'tknow________________________formyfather.17.Edisoninventedthelightbulbbytryingmanytimes.(對畫線部分提問)________________Edisoninventthelightbulb?18.MaybeJaneisattheteacher'soffice.(改為同義句)Jane________________attheteacher'soffice.whatHowbuytodidmaybe19.Weshouldfindagoodwaytopracticewriting.(改為否定句)We________________agoodwaytopracticewriting.20.WatchingEnglish－languagevideosisveryimportant.(改為同義句)________veryimportant________________English－languagevideos.shouldn'tfindIt'stowatchⅤ.補全對話。根據對話情景，在每個空白處填上一個恰當的句子，使對話完整、連貫。A：Youlookunhappy.21.________________________B：Badluck!Ididn'tpasstheEnglishexam.A：22.________________________________B：MaybeIdidn'tfindgoodwaystolearnEnglish.A：23.________________________________What'sthematter/What'swrong？I'msorrytohearthat.HowdoyoulearnEnglish？B：IlearnEnglishbydoingmyhomeworkearlyinthemorning.A：Oh，whydon'tyoureadEnglishearlyinthemorning？It'seasytorememberthingsatthattime.B：Soundsgood!I'lldosomereadinginthemorning.A：24.________________________________B：No.Ijustlistentotheteacherinclass.A：That'snotenough.Youshouldwritedownimportantthings.Afterclassyoucanreviewthem.B：OK.I'llbuyanotebookthen.A：Goodlucktoyou!B：25.________________________________Doyoutakenotesinclass?Thankyouverymuch.第五課時SectionB(2a～2e)01基礎過關Ⅰ.根據句意及首字母提示填寫單詞。1.Tomisanaughtyboy.Heoftenc________strangeideas.2.Whenwefinishlearningatext，wemustr________it.3.Mygrandfatheroftenreadshistorybooks.Hehasawidek________ofhistory.4.MyEnglishispoor.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtoimprovemyreadinga________？5.Itisimpossibleforonetomasteranythingo________.reateseviewnowledgebilityvernightⅡ.用方框中所給單詞的適當形式填空。6.Theoldmanispoorinmoney，butrichin________.7.Wehavecolorfulschool________everyday.8.What________habitdoyouhavetohelpyoubecomesuccessful?9.Aslongasyoulearn________ingrammar，youwilllearnitwell.10.Somepeopleareluckyenoughtobe________withagoodsenseofdirection.knowledgeactivitieslearningwiselybornⅢ.單項選擇。()11.IlovereadingbooksbecauseIcanhavemuch________fromthem.A.foodB.knowledge C.money D.grammar()12.Mygrandfatherisover80，butheisstillingoodhealthandstays________.A.safeB.warm C.awake D.active()13.MyEnglishteachergivesmesomeadviceonhowtoimprovemylistening_______.A.courseB.preparationC.ability D.choiceBDC()14.—Mr.Li，Ican'tunderstandeverythinginclass.—Don'tworry！I'll________themainpointsattheend.A.record B.review C.require D.remember()15.ThemathteachergotangrywithmewhenIdidnot________himinclassyesterday.A.lookfor

B.takecare C.payattentiontoD.fallasleepBC02能力提升Ⅳ.短文填詞。根據首字母提示，寫出正確的單詞，使短文完整、通順。Youcantrylearninganewlanguagebyyourselfifyouthinkyouhavethea__16__todoso，butjoiningaclasswillmakelifealoteasier.Bydoingthisyouwillprovideyourselfwitharegular(固定的)timeandplacetolearnyournewlanguageandpeopletop__17__itwith.Theclasswillprobablyhaveabookforyoutofollow，butit'sagoodideatobuyagooddictionaryaswell.Keepalistofallthenewwordsandexpressionsyoumeetandlookthemup.Youcanr__18__thenewwordsyou'velearnedbym__19__wordcardswiththewordononesideanditsmeaningontheother.R__20__themasmanytimesasyouwant：themore，theb__21__.Ifyoucan'tfindanynativespeakerstotalkwith，youcanlistentotapes.Also，youcanreadmagazinesandnewspapersonlinetoincreaseyourk__22__ofthelanguage.16.________

17.________

18.________19.________20.________21.________22.________abilitypracticereviewmakingRepeatbetterknowledge名校講壇1.Increase意為“增長，增加，增大”。如：Thedriverincreasedspeed.司機加快了車速。【拓展】“increaseby＋倍數或百分數”表示“增加了……倍/百分之……”；“increaseto＋具體的增長后的數字”表示“增加到了……”。2.evenif與eventhough辨析(1)evenif用于引導讓步狀語從句，其引導的從句內容往往是假設性的，相當于漢語的“即使；縱然；就算；哪怕”。(2)eventhough也引導讓步狀語從句，其引導的從句內容往往是真實的，主要用于引出不利于主句情況的信息，相當于漢語的“盡管；雖然”。

單元重難點題組訓練題組訓練一discover，findout與invent辨析Ⅰ.單項選擇。()1.WhenJackgotintotheclassroom，hesurprisingly________thatnobodywasthere.A.discoveredB.inventedC.memorizedD.remembered()2.—Who________thecar，doyouknow?—Idon'tknow.YoucanaskTomforhelp.A.inventedB.discoveredC.solvedD.forgotAA()3.Canyouhelpme________whobrokethewindowsjustnow?A.findB.findoutC.discoverD.inventBⅡ.根據漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。4.我發現了他的秘密是什么。I________________whathissecretwas.5.他發現了一只藏在地板下的箱子。He_________aboxhiddenunderthefloor.foundoutdiscovered題組訓練二

“特殊疑問詞＋動詞不定式”的用法Ⅰ.單項選擇。()1.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________gettothenearestpostoffice?—Sorry，Iamnewhere.A.howcanIB.howIcouldC.howtoD.whatIcanC()2.—TherearesomanybeautifulT－shirts.Ireallydon'tknow________.—Let'sasktheassistantforhelp.A.whatIchooseitB.whichonetochooseC.howtochooseD.whereIchoose()3.—Sam，canyoutellme________？—TryMusicWorldonHuangyuanStreet.A.whytobuyaCDB.wheretogetaCDC.howtochooseaCDD.whentorecordaCDBBⅡ.按要求完成下列句子，每空一詞。4.我們計劃去北京，但還沒決定何時去。(漢譯英)WeareplanningtogotoBeijing，butwehaven'tdecided________________________.5.Ireallydon'tknowwhatIcandotohelpherout.(改為簡單句)Ireallydon'tknow________________________tohelpherout.whentogowhattodo題組訓練三payattentionto用法Ⅰ.單項選擇。()1.Whenyouvisitamuseumyoushould________theinstructionsanddon'tbeagainstthem.A.comparewithB.lookforwardtoC.payattentiontoD.tryoutC()2.—Whatelseshouldwepayattentionto________buildingthebridge?—Thechangeoftheweather，Ithink.A.finishB.finishedC.tofinishD.finishing()3.Theteachertoldus________attention________thelabclean.A.topay；tokeep B.topay；tokeepingC.paying；tokeeping D.topaying；tokeepingCBⅡ.根據漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。4.人們毫不在意他的話。People________________________________hiswords.5.旅游期間請注意照顧好孩子。________________________________goodcareofthekidswhiletraveling.paidnoattentiontoPayattentiontotaking題組訓練四

aloud，loud與loudly辨析Ⅰ.單項選擇。()1.MissWhite，couldyoupleasespeak________？Wecan'thearyou.A.quicklyB.hardlyC.loudlyD.finallyC()2.Speak________，please，ornoonecanhearyou.A.aloudlyB.alouderC.louderD.loudier()3.It'sgoodforustoreadEnglish________everymorning.Butdon'tread________.A.aloud；aloudB.loud；aloudC.aloud；loudlyD.loudly；aloudCCⅡ.根據漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。4.她朗讀時發音非常好。Shehasaverygoodpronunciationwhenshe________________.5.突然客廳里的電話大聲響了起來。Suddenlythetelephoneinthelivingroom________________.readsaloudrangloudly單元寫作小專題&SectionB(3a～3b)【單元寫作目標】1.能用“①havesometroubleindoingsth.②Ican't…③mybiggestproblemisthat…④Idon'tknowhowto…⑤it'sdifficultforsb.todosth.⑥anotherthingIfinddifficultis…⑦Ifinditdifficulttodosth.⑧wanttoimprove…⑨wanttohaveabetterunderstandingof…”等句型描述學習中存在的困惑；能描述學習中存在的困惑，并提出合理的建議。2.能用“①youcan/could…bydoing…②Ithinkyoushould…③whatabout…？④it'sagoodidea/waytodo…⑤thebestwayto…is…⑥doingsth.isagoodwayto…⑦doingsth.isthesecrettolanguagelearning”等句型表達建議；3.寫作微技能：Mindmapping(心智圖法)在英語寫作中的運用。一、語言積累(一)Problems：根據首字母提示，完成下列部分學習者的問題，注意每個句子的句型。1.Jennyisaslowreader.Shefindsitd________toincreaseherreadings________.2.Bobhassometroubleinm__________Englishwords.3.Lucy'sbiggestproblemisthatsheoftenmakesm________ingrammar.4.Ican'tgetthepronunciationr________ifficultpeedemorizingistakesight(二)Solutions：根據首字母提示，完成下列針對以上問題的建議，注意每個句子的句型。1.Jennycouldimproveherreadingspeedb________readingmore.Ibelievethatthem__________shereads，thef________she'llbe.2.It'sagoodi________torememberEnglishwordsbymakingwordcardsandusingthemmoreoften.yoreasterdea3.Ithinkt________notesinEnglishclassisagoodw________tolearngrammarwell.4.Theb________waytogetthepronunciationrightisbyl________totapes.akingayestistening(三)小明學習英語遇到了一些困難，請用不同的句型描述句子。例如：can'tlearnEnglishwell(havetrouble)XiaominghassometroublelearningEnglishwell.1.can'tunderstandwhattheteachersaysinclass(havetrouble)________________________________________________________________________2.can'tunderstandspokenEnglish(it'sdifficultforsb.todosth.)Xiaominghastroubleunderstandingwhattheteachersaysinclass.________________________________________________________________________3.can'tspellsomeEnglishwords(anotherthinghefindsdifficultis…)________________________________________________________________________4.doesn'thaveapartnertopracticeEnglishwith(hisbiggestproblemisthat…)________________________________________________________________________________ItisdifficultforXiaomingtounderstandspokenEnglish.Anotherthinghefindsdifficultisthathecan'tspellsomeEnglishwords.Hisbiggestproblemisthathedoesn'thaveapartnertopracticeEnglishwith.(四)以下是學習英語的一些方法，請為小明同學選擇合理的方法(討論用不同的句型描述句子)。Listening：a.Listentotapes.b.Listentosomethingyouareinterestedin.c.Dolotsoflisteningpractice.Speaking：a.Practiceconversationswithfriends.b.JoinanEnglishclub.Reading：a.Readthetextbook.b.ReadsomeEnglishstoriesandmagazines.c.Don'treadwordbyword，readwordgroups.Writing：a.KeepanEnglishdiary.b.Findapenpal.c.MakeupsentencestouseEnglishasoftenaspossible.Vocabulary：a.Makewordcards.b.Lookupnewwordsinthedictionary.c.Readasmuchaspossible.Grammar：a.Takenotes.b.Dogrammarexercises.Others：a.Study/Workwithagroup.b.Asktheteacherforhelp.c.Bepatient.d.JoinanEnglishclub.二、篇章訓練在英語學習方面，你一定積累了很多的經驗。請結合自己的學習體會，以“HowtolearnEnglishwell”為題寫一篇120詞左右的英語作文，給出有關自己高效學習方法方面的一些好建議。請用“頭腦風暴”的方式，寫出你打算從哪幾個方面描述如何成為成功的英語學習者，這就形成了你獨有的“mindmap”。“mindmap”：請在“單元寫作小專題(答題頁)”相應位置完成。HowtolearnEnglishwellIt'sdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.Ithinkyoucanlearnitwellifyoufollowmyadvice.First，listentoyourteachercarefullyinEnglishclass.Payattentiontothemainpointsandtakenotes.Thenyoucanreviewyourlessonsafterclass.Second，increaseyourvocabularybymakingflashcardssothatyoucanrecitethemanywhere.Third，Trytolistentotapeseveryday.It'sgoodforyourpronunciation.Finally，practiceandlearnfrommistakes.Remember，“Practicemakesperfect”．Goodlearnerswillkeeppracticingwhattheyhavelearned，andtheyarenotafraidofmakingmistakes.IfyouareconfidentinyourselfandpracticeyourEnglishinthisway，I'msureyoucanmakegreatprogress.單元語法小專題(GrammarFocus)一、介詞by的用法1.by表示方式、方法或手段，后接名詞或動名詞，意為“使用某物；靠；乘(車、船)等”。如：DoyoulearnEnglishbyreadingaloud？你通過大聲朗讀來學習英語嗎？Ioftengotoschoolbybike.我經常騎自行車去上學。語法精講2.by表示時間，意為“到……時(為止)；在……以前、不遲于”。如：Ihavetogotobedbyteno'clock.我必須10點前睡覺。Canyoufinishyourworkbynineo'clock？你能在9點前完成你的工作嗎？3.by表示地點、位置，意為“靠近；在……旁邊”。如：Theboyoftenreadsbooksbytheriver.這個男孩經常在河邊讀書。4.by表示移動的方向，意為“從……旁邊過”。如：Hewalkedbymewithoutspeaking.他從我旁邊經過，沒有說話。5.by表示根據，意為“按照”。如：Whattimeisitbyyourwatch？你的手表幾點了？6.by表示被抓著，被接觸身體的某一部分。如：Shetookmebythehand.她拉著我的手。二、動名詞用法小結1.

動名詞在句中作主語(1)動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式。如：Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforourhealth.做早操對我們的健康有好處。(2)可以用

it作形式主語，而把真正的主語后置。如：Gettingupearlyisgoodforyourhealth.→It'sgoodforyourhealthtogetupearly.早起對你的健康有益。2.動名詞在句中作賓語動名詞在句中作賓語時，一般放在某一及物動詞或介詞之后充當這一動詞或介詞的賓語。(1)后接動名詞作賓語的及物動詞有：finish，enjoy，keep，stand(忍受)，suggest，advise，practice，allow，mind，imagine等。如：ThetouristsenjoystayinginKunmingalltheyearround.游客們喜歡一整年都待在昆明。Doyoumindopeningthewindow？你介意開一下窗戶嗎？(2)動名詞作介詞的賓語，包括以介詞結尾的動詞短語，如：giveup，takepartin，begoodat等。如：Iknowyouaregoodatdrawingpictures.我知道你擅長畫畫。ManyyoungpeopletookpartinplantingtreesonTreePlantingDay.很多年輕人在植樹節那天參加植樹活動。語法精練Ⅰ.選詞填空。1.Hermothergoestowork________(on/by)buseverymorning.2.ThetwokidspracticespokenEnglish________(by/with)joiningtheEnglishclub.byby3.________(Towatch/Watching)moviesisapopularwayformanypeopletorelax.4.Asweknow，it'snotpolitetokeepothers________(wait/waiting)foralongtime.5.Jane，comeinandsit________(between/by)me.WatchingwaitingbyⅡ.用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。6.Doyouoftenmemorizenewwordsby________(make)vocabularylists?7.Canyoufinish________(do)yourhomeworkbeforenineo'clock?8.Don'tworryabout________(make)mistakeswhenyoutalktoforeignersinEnglish.9.________(help)eachotheratschoolisawaytoimproveourfriendship.10.Wehaveworkedforthreehours.Let'sstop________(work)andhavearest.makingdoingmakingHalpingworkingⅢ.用by的相關短語完成下列句子，每空一詞。11.IthinkthebestwaytolearnEnglishis________________________________(通過聽磁帶)．12.Henrywassittingoverthere________________________(在窗戶旁)．13.Shallwego________________(乘火車)?14.Thetrees________________________(沿河)areallverytall.15.Johnisafraidtostayathome________________(他自己)．bylisteningtotapesbythewindowbybybytraintheriverhimselfⅣ.根據漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。16.我通過和朋友練習對話的方式來提髙英語。IimprovemyEnglish________________________withmyfriends.17.她認為讀英語雜志是記生詞的最好辦法。Shethinks________Englishmagazinesisthebestway________________newwords.18.多讀有助于提高你的英語水平。________more________canhelptoimproveyourEnglish.bypracticingconversationsreadingtomemorizeDoingreading19.他擅長彈吉他。Heisgoodat________theguitar.20.我看見一些孩子正在爬塔。Isawsomechildren________thetower.playingclimbingSelfCheckⅠ.單項選擇。()1.—________didyouachieveyourdream?—Byworkinghard，ofcourse.A.When B.Why C.How D.What()2.—Tommy，youcanneverletothersknowwhatIhavetoldyoutoday.—Don'tworry.Iwillkeepthe________.A.secret B.money C.address D.gradeCA()

3.Theworld'spopulationwillstill________unlesswedosomethingtocontrolit.A.finish B.agree C.increase D.expect()4.Canyou________theopeningtimeontheInternet?A.lookfor B.lookafterC.lookat D.lookupCD()5.—Ifindit'stoohardtolearnEnglish.—Don'tbetooworried.________youlearn，________itwillbe.A.Themore；easier B.Themore；theeasierC.Theearly；theeasyD.Themuch；theharder()6.Lucywas________excited________sayanythingwhensheheardthegoodnews.A.so；that B.so；toC.too；toD.very；toBC()7.Weoftendolotsofexperimentsinour________classes.chemical B.history C.Chinese D.physics()8.SheseldomspokeEnglishinfrontofclass，forshewasafraid________mistakes________grammar.tomake；of B.making；of C.tobemade；in