大粒車前子多糖體內外消化與酵解特征體系構建及其促進腸道健康的作用一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle本文旨在深入研究和探討大粒車前子多糖（Large-grnedPlantagopolysaccharide，簡稱LGPP）在體內外消化與酵解特征體系的構建，并進一步揭示其對腸道健康的促進作用。作為一種天然的多糖類食品原料，大粒車前子多糖因其獨特的理化性質和生物活性，近年來在食品、醫藥和保健品等領域受到了廣泛關注。然而，關于其在消化系統中的消化與酵解過程，以及其對腸道健康的潛在影響，目前仍缺乏系統的研究。Thisarticleaimstoconductin-depthresearchandexplorationontheconstructionoftheinvivoandinvitrodigestionandfermentationcharacteristicsystemofLargegrnedPlantagopolysaccharide(LGPP),andfurtherrevealitspromotingeffectonintestinalhealth.Asanaturalpolysaccharidefoodingredient,polysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticahavereceivedwidespreadattentioninthefieldsoffood,medicine,andhealthproductsinrecentyearsduetotheiruniquephysicochemicalpropertiesandbiologicalactivities.However,thereisstillalackofsystematicresearchonitsdigestionandfermentationprocessesinthedigestivesystem,aswellasitspotentialimpactonintestinalhealth.因此，本文首先通過構建體外消化與酵解特征體系，模擬人體消化系統的環境，對大粒車前子多糖的消化與酵解過程進行詳細的研究。通過對消化與酵解過程中多糖結構、分子量分布、降解產物等關鍵指標的分析，揭示大粒車前子多糖在消化系統中的變化規律。Therefore,thisarticlefirstconstructsaninvitrodigestionandfermentationcharacteristicsystem,simulatestheenvironmentofthehumandigestivesystem,andconductsadetailedstudyonthedigestionandfermentationprocessofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiatica.Byanalyzingkeyindicatorssuchaspolysaccharidestructure,molecularweightdistribution,anddegradationproductsduringdigestionandfermentationprocesses,thechangesinthedigestivesystemofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticaarerevealed.接著，本文進一步通過動物實驗和人體試驗，研究大粒車前子多糖對腸道健康的促進作用。通過測定腸道微生物群落結構、短鏈脂肪酸含量、腸道通透性等關鍵指標，評估大粒車前子多糖對腸道健康的影響，并探討其可能的作用機制。Furthermore,thisarticlefurtherinvestigatesthepromotingeffectofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticaonintestinalhealththroughanimalandhumanexperiments.Bymeasuringkeyindicatorssuchasgutmicrobiotastructure,shortchainfattyacidcontent,andintestinalpermeability,evaluatetheimpactofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticaonintestinalhealthandexploretheirpossiblemechanismsofaction.本文的研究結果不僅有助于深入理解大粒車前子多糖的消化與酵解過程，而且為開發具有腸道健康促進功能的食品、醫藥和保健品提供理論依據和實踐指導。本文的研究也有助于推動多糖類食品原料在健康領域的應用和發展。TheresearchresultsofthisarticlenotonlycontributetoadeeperunderstandingofthedigestionandfermentationprocessofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiatica,butalsoprovidetheoreticalbasisandpracticalguidanceforthedevelopmentoffood,medicine,andhealthproductswithintestinalhealthpromotingfunctions.Thisstudyalsocontributestopromotingtheapplicationanddevelopmentofpolysaccharidefoodingredientsinthefieldofhealth.二、文獻綜述Literaturereview車前子，作為一種傳統的中藥材，近年來在食品、保健品和醫藥領域受到了廣泛關注。其中，車前子多糖作為其主要活性成分之一，具有多種生物活性，如抗氧化、抗炎、降血糖等。國內外學者對車前子多糖進行了廣泛的研究，包括其提取方法、化學結構、生物活性等方面。然而，關于車前子多糖在體內的消化與酵解特征，以及其對腸道健康的影響，仍需進一步深入研究。Cheqianzi,asatraditionalChinesemedicinalherb,hasreceivedwidespreadattentioninthefieldsoffood,healthproducts,andmedicineinrecentyears.Amongthem,Plantagoseedpolysaccharides,asoneofitsmainactiveingredients,havevariousbiologicalactivities,suchasantioxidant,anti-inflammatory,andhypoglycemiceffects.ScholarsathomeandabroadhaveconductedextensiveresearchonpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiatica,includingtheirextractionmethods,chemicalstructures,andbiologicalactivities.However,furtherin-depthresearchisneededonthedigestionandfermentationcharacteristicsofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticainvivo,aswellastheirimpactonintestinalhealth.多糖的消化與酵解是其在體內發揮作用的關鍵步驟。近年來，隨著對多糖研究的深入，越來越多的學者開始關注多糖在體內的消化與酵解過程。通過模擬人體消化系統，研究多糖在體外的消化特性，可以為揭示其在體內的生物學效應提供重要依據。同時，通過動物實驗或人體試驗，進一步探究多糖在體內的酵解過程及其對機體健康的影響，對于多糖的開發利用具有重要意義。Thedigestionandfermentationofpolysaccharidesarecrucialstepsfortheirfunctioninthebody.Inrecentyears,withthedeepeningofresearchonpolysaccharides,moreandmorescholarshavebeguntopayattentiontothedigestionandfermentationprocessofpolysaccharidesinthebody.Bysimulatingthehumandigestivesystemandstudyingthedigestivecharacteristicsofpolysaccharidesinvitro,importantevidencecanbeprovidedtorevealtheirbiologicaleffectsinvivo.Meanwhile,furtherexplorationofthefermentationprocessofpolysaccharidesinvivoandtheirimpactonbodyhealththroughanimalorhumanexperimentsisofgreatsignificanceforthedevelopmentandutilizationofpolysaccharides.腸道作為人體最大的微生態系統，對于維持人體健康具有重要意義。多糖作為腸道微生物的重要碳源，對腸道微生物的組成和活性具有重要影響。近年來，越來越多的研究表明，多糖可以通過調節腸道微生物平衡、促進有益菌的生長、抑制有害菌的繁殖等方式，改善腸道健康。多糖還可以通過增強腸道免疫功能、減輕腸道炎癥等途徑，對腸道健康產生積極影響。Asthelargestmicrobiotainthehumanbody,thegutisofgreatsignificanceformaintaininghumanhealth.Polysaccharides,asanimportantcarbonsourceforgutmicrobiota,haveasignificantimpactonthecompositionandactivityofgutmicrobiota.Inrecentyears,anincreasingnumberofstudieshaveshownthatpolysaccharidescanimproveintestinalhealthbyregulatingthebalanceofgutmicrobiota,promotingthegrowthofbeneficialbacteria,andinhibitingtheproliferationofharmfulbacteria.Polysaccharidescanalsohaveapositiveimpactonintestinalhealthbyenhancingintestinalimmunefunction,reducingintestinalinflammation,andotherpathways.車前子多糖作為一種具有多種生物活性的天然產物，其在體內的消化與酵解特征及其對腸道健康的影響值得深入研究。本研究旨在構建大粒車前子多糖體內外消化與酵解特征體系，并探討其促進腸道健康的作用機制。通過本研究，有望為車前子多糖的開發利用提供理論依據和技術支持，同時為腸道健康領域的研究提供新的思路和方法。Asanaturalproductwithmultiplebiologicalactivities,thedigestionandfermentationcharacteristicsofPlantagoseedpolysaccharidesinvivoandtheirimpactonintestinalhealthareworthyofin-depthresearch.TheaimofthisstudyistoconstructacharacteristicsystemofinvitroandinvivodigestionandfermentationofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiatica,andtoexploretheirmechanismsofpromotingintestinalhealth.Throughthisstudy,itisexpectedtoprovidetheoreticalbasisandtechnicalsupportforthedevelopmentandutilizationofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiatica,aswellasnewideasandmethodsforresearchinthefieldofintestinalhealth.三、材料與方法MaterialsandMethods本實驗選用健康成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠，體重200-250g，購自北京華阜康生物科技股份有限公司，動物許可證號為SCK(京)2019-0010。所有動物實驗均按照北京中醫藥大學動物實驗倫理委員會的指導原則進行，并盡可能減少動物的痛苦和數量。ThisexperimentselectedhealthyadultmaleSpragueDawleyratsweighing200-250g,purchasedfromBeijingHuafukangBiotechnologyCo.,Ltd.,withanimallicensenumberSCK(Beijing)2019-0AllanimalexperimentswereconductedinaccordancewiththeguidingprinciplesoftheAnimalExperimentEthicsCommitteeofBeijingUniversityofTraditionalChineseMedicine,andthepainandquantityofanimalswereminimizedasmuchaspossible.大粒車前子多糖（由實驗室自行提取并純化），胰蛋白酶、糜蛋白酶、α-淀粉酶、果膠酶等消化酶（購自Sigma-Aldrich公司），葡萄糖、乳酸、短鏈脂肪酸等生化試劑（購自國藥集團化學試劑有限公司），其他試劑均為分析純。PolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiatica(extractedandpurifiedbythelaboratory),trypsin,chymotrypsinα-Digestiveenzymessuchasamylaseandpectinase(purchasedfromSigmaAldrichcompany),biochemicalreagentssuchasglucose,lactate,andshortchainfattyacids(purchasedfromChinaNationalPharmaceuticalGroupChemicalReagentCo.,Ltd.),andotherreagentsareanalyticalgrade.高效液相色譜儀（HPLC，Waters公司）、氣相色譜儀（GC，Agilent公司）、紫外可見分光光度計（UV-Vis，ThermoFisherScientific公司）、電子天平（MettlerToledo公司）、離心機（Eppendorf公司）、恒溫培養箱（SANYO公司）等。Highperformanceliquidchromatography(HPLC,Waters),gaschromatography(GC,Agilent),UVVis(ThermoFisherScientific),electronicbalance(MettlerToledo),centrifuge(Eppendorf),constanttemperatureincubator(SANYO),etc.采用熱水提取法從大粒車前子中提取多糖，經過除蛋白、脫色、透析、冷凍干燥等步驟得到純化后的大粒車前子多糖。具體方法參考相關文獻并進行適當優化。PolysaccharideswereextractedfromlargeseedsofPlantagoasiaticausinghotwaterextractionmethod.Thepurifiedpolysaccharideswereobtainedthroughstepssuchasproteinremoval,decolorization,dialysis,andfreeze-drying.Refertorelevantliteratureforspecificmethodsandmakeappropriateoptimizations.將大鼠隨機分為4組，每組10只，分別為對照組、低劑量組、中劑量組和高劑量組。對照組給予等量生理鹽水，低、中、高劑量組分別給予不同劑量的大粒車前子多糖溶液，連續灌胃4周。Randomlydividetheratsinto4groups,with10ineachgroup,namelythecontrolgroup,low-dosegroup,mediumdosegroup,andhigh-dosegroup.Thecontrolgroupwasgivenanequalamountofphysiologicalsaline,whilethelow,medium,andhighdosegroupsweregivendifferentdosesoflargeparticlePlantagoseedpolysaccharidesolutionbygavagecontinuouslyfor4weeks.在實驗結束前，各組大鼠禁食12小時，然后采集空腹血液，測定血糖、胰島素等指標。之后給予大鼠含有大粒車前子多糖的飼料，收集不同時間點的糞便，測定其中多糖、短鏈脂肪酸等含量。Beforetheendoftheexperiment,eachgroupofratsfastedfor12hours,andthenfastingbloodwascollectedtomeasureindicatorssuchasbloodsugarandinsulin.Afterwards,ratsweregivenfeedcontaininglargeamountsofPlantagoseedpolysaccharides,andfeceswerecollectedatdifferenttimepointstodeterminethecontentofpolysaccharides,shortchainfattyacids,andothersubstances.模擬人體腸道環境，采用厭氧培養法，在37℃恒溫條件下，將大粒車前子多糖與消化酶混合進行體外酵解。定期取樣，測定葡萄糖、乳酸、短鏈脂肪酸等代謝產物的含量。Simulatethehumanintestinalenvironment,useanaerobicculturemethod,andunderconstanttemperatureconditionsof37℃,mixlargeparticlePlantagopolysaccharideswithdigestiveenzymesforinvitrofermentation.Regularlysampleandmeasurethecontentofmetabolitessuchasglucose,lactate,andshortchainfattyacids.所有實驗數據均采用SPSS軟件進行統計分析，結果以均數±標準差（Mean±SD）表示。多組間比較采用單因素方差分析（ANOVA），兩組間比較采用t檢驗。以P<05為差異有統計學意義。AllexperimentaldatawerestatisticallyanalyzedusingSPSSsoftware,andtheresultswereexpressedasmean±standarddeviation(Mean±SD).Multiplegroupcomparisonswereconductedusingone-wayanalysisofvariance(ANOVA),whilet-testswereusedforcomparisonbetweentwogroups.ThedifferenceisstatisticallysignificantwithP<以上即為本實驗的材料與方法部分，通過體內外消化與酵解實驗，旨在探討大粒車前子多糖的消化與酵解特征，以及其對腸道健康的影響。TheaboveistheMaterialsandMethodssectionofthisexperiment.Throughinvitroandinvivodigestionandfermentationexperiments,theaimistoexplorethedigestionandfermentationcharacteristicsofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiatica,aswellastheirimpactonintestinalhealth.四、實驗結果Experimentalresults為了研究大粒車前子多糖在體內的消化特性，我們進行了動物實驗。實驗結果顯示，大粒車前子多糖在小鼠體內具有較好的消化性。與對照組相比，攝入大粒車前子多糖的小鼠其胃腸道內的多糖消化速率明顯提高。實驗還發現，大粒車前子多糖的消化過程能夠顯著增加小鼠腸道內有益菌的數量，如乳酸菌和雙歧桿菌等，這表明大粒車前子多糖具有促進腸道微生物平衡的作用。InordertostudythedigestioncharacteristicsofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticainvivo,weconductedanimalexperiments.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatthepolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticahavegooddigestibilityinmice.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,micereceivinglargeamountsofPlantagoseedpolysaccharidesshowedasignificantincreaseinthedigestionrateofpolysaccharidesinthegastrointestinaltract.TheexperimentalsofoundthatthedigestionprocessofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticacansignificantlyincreasethenumberofbeneficialbacteriaintheintestinesofmice,suchaslacticacidbacteriaandbifidobacteria,indicatingthatpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticacanpromotethebalanceofgutmicrobiota.在體外酵解實驗中，我們模擬了人體腸道環境，觀察大粒車前子多糖的酵解過程。實驗結果顯示，大粒車前子多糖在模擬的腸道環境中能夠被有效酵解，生成多種短鏈脂肪酸（SCFA），如乙酸、丙酸和丁酸等。這些短鏈脂肪酸是腸道微生物代謝的重要產物，對維持腸道健康具有重要作用。我們還發現，大粒車前子多糖的酵解過程能夠促進腸道微生物的生長和活性，進一步證實了其對腸道健康的促進作用。Intheinvitrofermentationexperiment,wesimulatedthehumanintestinalenvironmentandobservedthefermentationprocessoflargeparticlePlantagoseedpolysaccharides.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatthepolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticacanbeeffectivelyfermentedinasimulatedintestinalenvironment,generatingvariousshortchainfattyacids(SCFAs)suchasaceticacid,propionicacid,andbutyricacid.Theseshortchainfattyacidsareimportantproductsofgutmicrobiotametabolismandplayacrucialroleinmaintainingintestinalhealth.WealsofoundthatthefermentationprocessofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticacanpromotethegrowthandactivityofintestinalmicroorganisms,furtherconfirmingitspromotingeffectonintestinalhealth.綜合體內消化和體外酵解實驗結果，我們發現大粒車前子多糖具有促進腸道健康的作用。具體來說，大粒車前子多糖可以提高腸道內有益菌的數量和活性，促進腸道微生物平衡；它還可以被有效酵解生成短鏈脂肪酸，為腸道提供能量并維持其正常功能。這些作用共同促進了腸道的健康狀態，對于預防和治療腸道相關疾病具有重要意義。Basedontheresultsofinvivodigestionandinvitrofermentationexperiments,wefoundthatpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticahaveapromotingeffectonintestinalhealth.Specifically,polysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticacanincreasethenumberandactivityofbeneficialbacteriaintheintestine,promotingthebalanceofgutmicrobiota;Itcanalsobeeffectivelyfermentedtogenerateshortchainfattyacids,providingenergyfortheintestineandmaintainingitsnormalfunction.Theseeffectscollectivelypromotethehealthstatusoftheintestine,whichisofgreatsignificanceforthepreventionandtreatmentofintestinalrelateddiseases.通過本實驗的研究，我們成功構建了大粒車前子多糖體內外消化與酵解特征體系，并發現其具有促進腸道健康的作用。這為進一步開發大粒車前子多糖作為功能性食品或藥物提供了理論依據和實踐指導。Throughtheresearchofthisexperiment,wehavesuccessfullyconstructedacharacteristicsystemofinvitroandinvivodigestionandfermentationofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiatica,andfoundthattheyhavetheeffectofpromotingintestinalhealth.ThisprovidestheoreticalbasisandpracticalguidanceforthefurtherdevelopmentoflargeparticlePlantagoseedpolysaccharidesasfunctionalfoodsordrugs.五、討論Discussion本研究旨在構建大粒車前子多糖體內外消化與酵解特征體系，并探討其對腸道健康的促進作用。通過對比分析大粒車前子多糖在不同消化階段的降解情況，以及其在腸道微生物群中的酵解特性，我們發現大粒車前子多糖具有獨特的消化和酵解行為，對腸道健康具有顯著的益處。TheaimofthisstudyistoconstructasystemofinvitroandinvivodigestionandfermentationcharacteristicsofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiatica,andtoexploretheirpromotingeffectsonintestinalhealth.BycomparingandanalyzingthedegradationofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticaatdifferentdigestionstages,aswellastheirenzymaticcharacteristicsinthegutmicrobiota,wefoundthatpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticaasiaticahaveuniquedigestionandenzymaticbehaviors,whichhavesignificantbenefitsforintestinalhealth.在體外消化實驗中，大粒車前子多糖在模擬胃液和腸液中的降解率逐漸增加，表明其在消化過程中能夠被逐步釋放和利用。這種逐步釋放的特性有助于維持腸道內穩定的滲透壓，促進水分和電解質的吸收，從而改善腸道功能。Invitrodigestionexperiments,thedegradationrateofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticainsimulatedgastricandintestinalfluidsgraduallyincreased,indicatingthattheycanbegraduallyreleasedandutilizedduringdigestion.Thisgradualreleasecharacteristichelpstomaintainstableosmoticpressureintheintestine,promotetheabsorptionofwaterandelectrolytes,andthusimproveintestinalfunction.在體內實驗中，大粒車前子多糖的攝入能夠顯著增加腸道內有益菌的數量和多樣性，如乳酸菌和雙歧桿菌等。這些有益菌在腸道內發酵大粒車前子多糖，產生短鏈脂肪酸（SCFA）等有益物質，進一步促進腸道健康。短鏈脂肪酸不僅能為腸道細胞提供能量，還能調節腸道pH值，抑制有害菌的生長，增強腸道免疫力。Invivoexperiments,theintakeofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticacansignificantlyincreasethenumberanddiversityofbeneficialbacteriaintheintestine,suchaslacticacidbacteriaandbifidobacteria.ThesebeneficialbacteriafermentlargeamountsofPlantagopolysaccharidesintheintestine,producingbeneficialsubstancessuchasshortchainfattyacids(SCFAs),furtherpromotingintestinalhealth.Shortchainfattyacidsnotonlyprovideenergytointestinalcells,butalsoregulateintestinalpH,inhibitthegrowthofharmfulbacteria,andenhanceintestinalimmunity.本研究還發現大粒車前子多糖的酵解產物具有抗氧化和抗炎作用，能夠減輕腸道炎癥，改善腸道屏障功能。這對于預防和治療腸道炎癥性疾病具有重要意義。ThisstudyalsofoundthatthefermentationproductsofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticahaveantioxidantandanti-inflammatoryeffects,whichcanreduceintestinalinflammationandimproveintestinalbarrierfunction.Thisisofgreatsignificanceforthepreventionandtreatmentofintestinalinflammatorydiseases.大粒車前子多糖體內外消化與酵解特征體系的構建有助于深入了解其在腸道健康中的作用機制。大粒車前子多糖通過獨特的消化和酵解行為，促進腸道內有益菌的生長和代謝，產生有益物質，改善腸道功能，維護腸道健康。這為開發新型腸道健康產品提供了理論依據和實踐指導。TheconstructionofacharacteristicsystemforinvitroandinvivodigestionandfermentationofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticacanhelptogainadeeperunderstandingoftheirmechanismsofactioninintestinalhealth.PolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticacanpromotethegrowthandmetabolismofbeneficialbacteriaintheintestinethroughuniquedigestionandfermentationbehaviors,producebeneficialsubstances,improveintestinalfunction,andmaintainintestinalhealth.Thisprovidestheoreticalbasisandpracticalguidanceforthedevelopmentofnewintestinalhealthproducts.六、結論Conclusion本研究通過構建大粒車前子多糖體內外消化與酵解特征體系，深入探討了其促進腸道健康的作用。體內實驗結果顯示，大粒車前子多糖能夠顯著提高腸道微生物多樣性，增加有益菌群的相對豐度，如乳酸菌和雙歧桿菌等，同時降低有害菌群的相對豐度，如大腸桿菌等。這一結果表明，大粒車前子多糖具有調節腸道菌群結構的能力，有助于維護腸道生態平衡。ThisstudyconstructsacharacteristicsystemofinvitroandinvivodigestionandfermentationofpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiatica,anddeeplyexplorestheirroleinpromotingintestinalhealth.TheresultsofinvivoexperimentsshowthatpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticacansignificantlyincreasethediversityofgutmicrobiota,increasetherelativeabundanceofbeneficialbacteriasuchaslacticacidbacteriaandbifidobacteria,andreducetherelativeabundanceofharmfulbacteriasuchasEscherichiacoli.ThisresultindicatesthatpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticahavetheabilitytoregulatethestructureofgutmicrobiota,whichhelpsmaintainintestinalecologicalbalance.體外消化與酵解實驗表明，大粒車前子多糖具有較高的消化率和酵解率，能夠被腸道微生物有效降解利用。酵解產物中含有多種短鏈脂肪酸（SCFA），如乙酸、丙酸和丁酸等。這些短鏈脂肪酸不僅能為腸道細胞提供能量，還具有抗炎、抗氧化和促進細胞增殖等多種生理功能，對腸道健康具有積極的影響。InvitrodigestionandfermentationexperimentshaveshownthatpolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticahavehighdigestionandfermentationrates,andcanbeeffectivelydegradedandutilizedbyintestinalmicroorganisms.Thefermentationproductscontainvariousshortchainfattyacids(SCFAs),suchasaceticacid,propionicacid,andbutyricacid.Theseshortchainfattyacidsnotonlyprovideenergyforintestinalcells,butalsohavevariousphysiologicalfunctionssuchasanti-inflammatory,antioxidant,andpromotingcellproliferation,whichhaveapositiveimpactonintestinalhealth.大粒車前子多糖通過調節腸道菌群結構、提高消化與酵解效率以及產生短鏈脂肪酸等方式，發揮其促進腸道健康的作用。這為開發大粒車前子多糖作為天然腸道健康促進劑提供了理論基礎和實驗依據，同時也為其他植物多糖在腸道健康領域的應用提供了有益的參考。ThepolysaccharidesfromPlantagoasiaticacanpromoteintestinalhealthbyregulatingthestructureofgutmicrobiota,improvingdigestionandfermentationefficiency,andproducingshortchainfattyacids.ThisprovidesatheoreticalbasisandexperimentalbasisforthedevelopmentoflargeparticlePlantagoseedpolysaccharidesasnaturalintestinalhealthpromoters,andalsoprovidesusefulreferencesfortheapplicationofotherplantpolysaccharidesinthefieldofintestinalhealth.八、致謝Thanks在此，我要向所有參與和支持本研究工作的人員和機構表示衷心的感謝。我要感謝我的導師，他們的悉心指導和無私奉獻，使我在學術研究中不斷成長。他們的嚴謹治學態度、深厚的學術造詣和敏銳的洞察力，為我提供了寶貴的學術支持和