PassageOne

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

“Tear’emapart!”“Killthefool!”“Murderthereferee(裁判)!”

Therearecommonremarksonemayhearatvarioussportingevents.Atthetimetheyaremade,theymayseeminnocentenough.Butlet’snotkidourselves.Theyhavebeenknowntoinfluencebehaviorinsuchawayastoleadtorealbloodshed.Volumeshavebeenwrittenaboutthewaywordsaffectus.Ithasbeenshownthatwordshavingcertainconnotations(含義)maycauseustoreactinwaysquiteforeigntowhatweconsidertobeourusualhumanisticbehavior.Iseetheterm“opponent”asoneofthosewords.Perhapsthetimehascometodeleteitfromsportsterms.

Thedictionarymeaningoftheterm“opponent”is“adversary”“enemy”and“onewhoopposesyourinterests”.Thus,whenaplayermeetsanopponent,heorshemaytendtotakeeveryaction,nomatterhowgrossitis.Irecallanincidentinahandballgamewhenarefereerefusedaplayer’srequestforatimeoutforaglovechangebecausehedidnotconsiderthemwetenough.TheplayerproceededtorubhisglovesacrosshiswetT-shirtandthenexclaimed,“Aretheywetenoughnow?”

Intheheatofbattle,playershavebeenobservedtothrowthemselvesacrossthecourtwithoutconsideringtheconsequencesthatsuchamovemighthaveonanyoneintheirway.Ihavealsowitnessedaplayerreachingtohisopponent’sintentionalandillegalblockingbydeliberatelyhittinghimwiththeballashardashecouldduringthecourseofplay.Offthecourt,theyaregoodfriends.Doesthatmakeanysense?Itcertainlygivesproofofacourtattitudewhichdepartsfromnormalbehavior.

Therefore,Ibelieveitistimeweelevated(提升)thegametothelevelwhereitbelongs,therebysettinganexampletotherestofthesportingworld.Replacingtheterm“opponent”with“associate”couldbeanidealwaytostart.

Thedictionarymeaningoftheterm“associate”is“colleague”“friend”and“companion”.Reflectamoment!Youmaysoonseeandpossiblyfeelthedifferenceinyourreactiontotheterm“associate”ratherthan“opponent”.

57.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressestheauthor’sview?

A)Thewordspeopleusecaninfluencetheirbehavior.

B)Unpleasantwordsinsportsareoftenusedbyforeignathletes.

C)Aggressivebehaviorinsportscanhaveseriousconsequences.

D)Unfairjudgmentsbyrefereeswillleadtoviolenceonthesportsfield.

58.Grossactionsaretakenduringgamesbecausetheplayers_______.

A)aretooeagertowin

B)treattheirrivalsasenemies

C)areusuallyshort-temperedandeasilyoffended

D)cannotaffordtobepoliteinfiercecompetitions

59.Whatdidthehandballplayerdowhenhewasnotallowedatimeouttochangehisgloves?

A)Heangrilyhittherefereewithaball

B)HewethisglovesbyrubbingthemacrosshisT-shirt.

C)Heclaimedthatrefereewasunfair

D)Herefusedtocontinuethegame

60.Whatisthemeaningoftheword‘court”(Para.4)?

A)pleasewheretrialsareheld

B)officialresidenceofasovereign

C)spacemarkedforsports

D)courtyard

61.Theauthorhopestohavethecurrentsituationinsportsimprovedby______.

A)regulatingtherelationshipbetweenplayersandreferees

B)callingonplayerstousecleanlanguageinthecourt

C)raisingthereferee’ssenseofresponsibility

D)changingtheattitudeofplayersonthesportsfield

57—61ABBCD

PassageTwo

Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

TheFrenchword“renaissance”meansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,andthenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.Theconceptofrebirthwasappropriateto

D)Itisrejectedasflightyandirrational.

61.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A)Romanticlovemakespeopleunabletothinkclearlyintheprocessofmateselection.

B)Onlyromanticlovecanmakeamarriagehappyeverafter.

C)Romanticloveplaysaninsignificantroleinmaintainingtheinstitutionofthenuclearfamily.

D)Muchmorepracticalconsiderationscanalsobethebasisforasuccessfulmarriage.

Passage3

57----61DBCCD

PassageTwo

Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Incitieswithrentcontrol,thecitygovernmentsetsthemaximumrentthatalandlordcanchargeforanapartment.Supportersofrentcontrolarguethatitprotectspeoplewhoarelivinginapartments.Theirrentcannotincrease;therefore,theyarenotindangeroflosingtheirhomes.However,thecriticssaythatafteralongtime,rentcontrolmayhavenegativeeffects.Landlordsknowthattheycannotincreasetheirprofits.Therefore,theyinvestinotherbusinesseswheretheycanincreasetheirprofits.Theydonotinvestinnewbuildingswhichcouldalsoberent-controlled.Asaresult,newapartmentsarenotbuilt.Manypeoplewhoneedapartmentscannotfindany.Accordingtothecritics,theendresultofrentcontrolisashortageofapartmentinthecity.

Sometheoristsarguethattheminimumwagelawcancauseproblemsinthesameway.Thefederalgovernmentsetstheminimumthatanemployermustpayworkers.Theminimumhelpspeoplewhogenerallylookforunskilled,low-paidjobs.However,iftheminimumishigh,employersmayhirefewerworkers.Theywillreplaceworkerswithmachinery.Theprice,whichisthewagethatemployersmustpay,increases.Therefore,otherthingsbeingequal,thenumberofworkersthatemployerswantdecreases.Thus,criticsclaim,anincreaseintheminimumwagemaycauseunemployment.Somepoorpeoplemayfindthemselveswithoutjobsinsteadofwithjobsattheminimumwage.

Supportersoftheminimumwagesaythatithelpspeoplekeeptheirdignity.Becauseofthelaw,workerscannotselltheirservicesforlessthantheminimum.Furthermore,employerscannotforceworkerstoacceptjobsatunfairwages.

Economictheorypredictstheresultsofeconomicdecisionssuchasdecisionsaboutfarmproduction,rentcontrol,andtheminimumwage.Thepredictionsmaybecorrectonlyif“otherthingsareequal”.Economistsdonotagreeonsomeofthepredictions.Theyalsodonotagreeonthevalueofdifferentdecisions.Someeconomistssupportaparticulardecisionwhileotherscriticizeit.Economistsdoagree,however,thattherearenosimpleanswerstoeconomicquestions.

62.Thereisthepossibilitythatsettingmaximumrentmay_____.

A)causeashortageofapartments

B)worrythosewhorentapartmentsashomes

C)increasetheprofitsoflandlords

D)encouragelandlordstoinvestinbuildingapartment

63.Accordingtothecritics,rentcontrol_____.

A)willalwaysbenefitthosewhorentapartments

B)isunnecessary

C)willbringnegativeeffectsinthelongrun

D)isnecessaryunderallcircumstances

64.