中考英語選詞填空解題技巧根據(jù)平時的觀察，學(xué)生在做英語的“選詞填空”時，遭遇較多困難，有的甚至條件反射一樣畏懼或厭煩。在此，分享平時積累的解題技巧和訓(xùn)練技巧略，希望能給同學(xué)們提供一點幫助。“選詞填空”要求學(xué)生利用所給的12個詞匯（一般有名詞、代詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、冠詞、介詞和連詞等）補全一篇有10個空缺的短文。要攻克這一難關(guān)，學(xué)生除了要進行大量的課外閱讀，積累豐富的語言知識外，還需掌握一定的解題技巧。在拿到題目后，不要急于看文章，首先對備選的詞匯研究幾遍，先進行單詞詮釋和預(yù)判，對詞性作簡單的標(biāo)記，例如：名詞-n.,動詞-v.,形容詞-a.,副詞-ad.等等。同時對詞義作初步的理解。通讀全文,語義完整、適用、合乎邏輯是做好填詞的前提。通過上、下文的句子,充分理解短文的內(nèi)容,注意發(fā)現(xiàn)固定搭配關(guān)系,憑借語感積極主動地猜測空格中所缺的信息,根據(jù)需要去備選詞匯中尋找匹配的答案。在選定單詞后,不要輕率地填入。在填詞過程中,需要瞻前顧后,既要符合本句的含義,又要保證句式結(jié)構(gòu)的正確。同時在做題過程中可用排除法逐漸減少備選詞匯。★對于名詞,要考慮是否要把它變成復(fù)數(shù)或“所有格”形式。例如： match-matches,friend-friend's/friends'。其他還要考慮名詞是否需要變成形容詞,例如：sun-sunny,use-useful/useless/used,danger-dangerous；★對于動詞,要有意識地去考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化以及非謂語動詞形式的變化（動詞不定式-todo,現(xiàn)在分詞-doing,過去分詞-done,固定搭配-enjoydoingsth./usedtodosth./havesth.done?）；★對于形容詞和副詞,要主動去判定它們之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換,是否需要變成比較級或最高級還有以及形容詞變名詞的需求也需考慮,例如：interesting-more/themostinteresting,happy-happily,happy-happiness;★對于代詞,注意辨別主格、賓格、名詞性和形容詞性物主代詞或反身代詞的用法；★對于數(shù)詞,要注意基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的變化以及分?jǐn)?shù)和虛實數(shù)的用法,例如：three-third,2/3-twothirds,onethousand/thousandsof；★對于冠詞，只需要在a或an之間判別，如agirl/anoldman;★對于介詞和連詞時,就更簡單,只要符合上下文邏輯或固定短語搭配,填入即可。為了方便記憶，試著記住下面的順口溜：空前空后要注意，“名詞”單復(fù)數(shù)要牢記，還有's不能棄，“動詞”注意要變形，“形副”注意要用三種級，要填“數(shù)詞”請留意，千萬別忘“基”和序”，填入“代詞”需慎重，五格變化要謹(jǐn)記。4.完成填詞后，應(yīng)通讀全文，復(fù)核校對。檢查單詞拼寫是否正確，是否有時態(tài)、語態(tài)、慣用法及詞語選用上的錯誤，以確保答案的正確性。最后把答案填入答卷時，切勿錯位。例題解析（一）用方框中所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文正確、通順、連貫（每詞限用一次）。job,chance,fourth,why,live,easy,honest,good,inorderto,comeoutGoodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen.I'mheretodaytoshareagoodlessonwithyou.Itisatruestoryaboutanoverseasstudent71_living inGermany.Afteryearsofhardwork,thisstudentgraduatedwithamazingachievements.Everyonethoughthewasgoingtogetagood72 easilyandhaveabrightfuture.Buttohisdisappointment,hewasnotevengiventhe73 foraninterview!Thethirdtimehewasrefused,hecouldn'thelptelephoningthecompanytoask74 theydidn'twanthim.Theanswerwassimple."Wedon'tofferjobsto75 peopleinGermany."Whatwaswrong,youmightwonder?Thetruthis,shortlyafterhearrivedinGermany,thiscleverstudentfoundthatitwas76 toskipbuyingsubwaytickets.So77 savemoney,heoftenwentwithoutaticket.Asaresult,hehadbeencaughtwithoutaticketinthesubway78 times.Fromthisstory,welearnthatwemaygetshort-termbenefitsindishonestways,butthetruthwill79 soonerorlaterandthecostishigh.Soremember:honestyisthe80 rule.That'sallformyspeech.Thankyou!【主旨大意】這是一篇演講稿。通過一個生動的例子告訴大家一個道理：我們可以用不誠實的方式獲取短期的利益，但遲早會真相大白，并為此付出高昂的代價。誠實才是上策。答案：71.living現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，修飾studentjob前一句說該學(xué)生取得了驚人的成績，都認為他能有一份好工作（job）和光明未來。chance句意：他甚至沒有被給面試的機會。75.dishonest由下文知那個學(xué)生4次逃票，所以是不誠實的。easy句意：…發(fā)現(xiàn)逃票很容易。注意句型：Itis+adj.+todosth.inorderto句意：...為了節(jié)省錢，他經(jīng)常逃票。fourfourtimes四次。注意用基數(shù)詞comeout。"thetruthwillcomeout"將會真相大白。best."honestyisthebestrule"誠實才是上策。注意the后的最高級形式。二）用方框中所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文正確、通順、連貫（每詞限用一次）。sostarteasybadlysomeonedifficultifthankclassreportermedicalsucceedProvingThemWrong!I'mJohnWood,adoctoratafamousBostonhospital.Duringthefirsttwoyearsofhighschool,Ifoundbiologyvery56 .Myreportcardsalwayssaidthingslike"muststudyharder"or"Johnshouldn'tchoosescience57 ."Itwasreallyterriblefor58 whohadalwaysdreamedofbecomingadoctor.Ilostconfidence,soIlefthighschoolxjatsixteenand59 workingatasupermarket.OneeveningIsawadocumentaryaboutAlbertEinstein.Accordingtothedocumentary,Einsteinhaddonereally60 atschool.IbegantothinkthatEinsteincould61 ,thenImayhaveachance,too.Ididn'twanttoleavemyjob,62 Idecidedtogotonightschooltofinishhighschool.Twoyearslater,Iwenttoa63 university.I'veoftenthoughtIshouldcontactthe64 theEinsteindocumentaryand65 him.Asforthebiologyteacher,Imightcontacther,too,oneday-butnottothankher!【主旨大意】夢想成為醫(yī)生的"我"，由于生物學(xué)得不好，在老師一句"不適合學(xué)理科"評價下，"我"失去信心。然而從愛因斯坦成功事例的鼓舞下，"我"夢想成真。一句話可以成就一個人，也可毀掉一個人。56.difficult根據(jù)下文"成績單總是寫著'應(yīng)努力學(xué)習(xí)'"可生物對作者來說很難。57.classes句意為"不應(yīng)選擇理科"58．someone對夢想成為醫(yī)生的人來說很糟糕59.started離開學(xué)習(xí)開始在超市上班。60.badly根據(jù)文獻愛因斯坦在學(xué)校曾經(jīng)學(xué)的很糟。61.succeed愛因斯坦能成功，我可能還有機會。62.so連詞的考察"由于我不想丟掉工作，因此我決定上夜校。"63.medical根據(jù)上文夢想成為醫(yī)生，所以應(yīng)為"上醫(yī)學(xué)院"64.reporter我應(yīng)聯(lián)系愛因斯坦文獻的記者65.thank我應(yīng)聯(lián)系愛因斯坦文獻的記者并謝謝他。同步練習(xí)（1）well,soft,second,better,may,strongly,afraid,sand,stayup,if,now,houseWecan'tstopanearthquake（地震），butwecandothingstomakesuretheydon'tdestroy（毀壞）wholecities.First,itisnota1. ideatobuildhousesalonglineswhere2. oftheearth'splates（板塊）jointogether.Second,ifyouthinkthere3. beanearthquake,itisbettertobuildhousesonrocks,noton4. .Third,youmustmakethehousesas5. aspossible.Weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmay6. ..Scientistsare7. thatonedayanevenbiggerearthquakewillhitthepartaroundSanFrancisco（l日金山）.Theycallit“TheBigOne”.However,peopletodayarestillbuildingmore8. .ThepopulationinandaroundSanFranciscois9.

tentimesmorethanitwasin1906.Thismeansthat10. thereisanotherearthquake,agreatmanyhousesandbuildingswillbedestroyed.（2）（2014四川宜賓）第二節(jié)：選詞填空。（共8個小題，每小題1分，計8分）從下面方框中選出8個單詞，用它們的適當(dāng)形式填入短文空格內(nèi)，使短文意思正確、通順。（每詞限用一次）take,bad,medicine,careful,nothing,come,month,something,and,wrongMr.Shutelivesinavillage.Hehasgotabigfamilyandastrongdog.Hisfarmissmall76take,bad,medicine,careful,nothing,come,month,something,and,wrongOncehestayedinacityfortwo77.WhenNewYearwascoming,hewentbackhometoseehiswifeandhischildren.Onhiswayhome,somethingwas78withhiseyes.Whenheknockedonthedoor,hisdog79outandwasnotfriendlytohim.Hiswifehurriedtodriveitaway.Thenextmorninghewenttoseeadoctor.Thedoctorlookedoverhiseyes80andgavehimsome81.Beforeheleft,hetoldthedoctorabouthisdog.Whenheheardthis,thedoctorbegantolaughandsaid,“Maybesomethingiswrongwithyourdog'seyes,too.”WhenMr.Shutegothome,hetoldhiswifeaboutit.Thewomansaid,“I'mafraidit'strue.Ifathiefcomesintoourhouse,itwon'tseehimandhe'llsteal82here.”Mr.Shutethoughthiswifewasright.Hethenmadehisdog83hismedicineinstead.(3)【2014山東菏澤】五、綜合填空(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容用方框內(nèi)所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文語義完整。(請你一定要注意詞語的形式變化!)tomustaskunusualitwhenearlywhonoticeifMynameisJimWhite.IliveinAmerica.Ihadavery(66)experienceonSunday.IsawaUFOinthedaytime.(67)thisspring,IwentoutsidewithmyfriendBill(68)livedclosetome.Wewerewalkingtoahill(69)Isawalargebrightlightdancinginthesky.IcalledJimandaskedhimtolookup.Hekept(70),“Whatisthat?”“AUFO!”Ishoutedexcitedly.I(71)itwasroundandredinthecenter.Afterwelookedat(72)foramoment,wefounditseemedthatithadwings,butitwasstillround.BillwouldnotbelievemewhenItoldhimit(73)beaUFO.Weshouted(74)itandwewishedthatitwouldland.Wewantedtoknow(75)therewasanalieninit.Butsoonitdisappeared.Iguessedwescareditoff.Doyoubelieveme?It'satruestory.(1)1.good2.two3.may4.sand5.strong6.stayup7.afraid8.houses9.now10.if(2)76.and77.months78.wrong79.came80.carefully81.medicine82.something83.take(3)66.unusual67.Early68.who69.when70.asking71.noticed72.it73.must74.to75.if2014年全國中考分類匯編短文填空（選詞填空型）（2014江西南昌）B）請先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從方框內(nèi)所給的詞中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)?0個，并將答案填寫到答題卷的相應(yīng)位置。每個詞限用一次。（每小題1分）HearlistenhowsuccessfullyplacehurtwhatbeforethembecausenaturallifeDealwithconflictLosingfriendsisaboutaseasyasmakingfriendsifyoudon'tknowhowtodealwithangerandconflict.Conflictispartifeveryone's__66 .Itwillshowupatschool,atworkandathome.It'sOktofeelangry,annoyedorsad.Thesefeelingsare__67 ,butdifferentpeopledealwith___68 indifferentways.Somepeopleshout,callpeoplenames,orevenhitthepersonwhohas__69 them.Othersdotheirbesttokeepawayfromdisagreementsbutveryfewdealwithconflict___70 .Dealingwithconflictisastepbystepprogress. 71 youstartdiscussingtheproblem,calmdown,countto10andimaginearelaxing___72 .Then,saywhatisreallybotheringyou,butwatchhowyouexpressyourself.Don'tcomplain.Share___73___youfeelbyusing“I“Forexample,don'tsay“Youarealwaysorderingmetodothisortodothat,”but“Ifeelsad___74__youdon'tpayattentiontowhatIthink.Youwantpeopleto 75 youropinionsomakesureyoupracticewhatyouwanttosay.Listencarefullytotheotherpersonandacceptthatheorshemightseetheprobleminadifferentway.Beopenmindedandwillingtosaysorry.Key:66.life67.natural68.them69.hurt70.successfully71.Before72.place73.how74.because75.hear2014陜西）VII短文填空用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文完整正確。（每個單詞限用一次）look,year,change,deep,home,cold,can,work,take,fatherEveryday,onherwaytowork,Ameliahadtopassaslum（貧民窟）.Asasocial61 ,shehadnotpaidmuchattentiontoit.This62. onedaywhenshemetaragged（衣衫襤褸的）boynamedSam.Samknewshewastheheadofsocialservices,andthatshe63.help.Hereachedouthishandandsaid,“Canyouhelpme?I'm64.formydad.”Hishandswereso65..Ameliasaid,“What'sup?”“Mymomisterriblysick.Herbirthdayiscoming.Iknowmy66. comingbackwouldbethebestpresent.MydadhadleftusbeforeIwastwo67.old,”saidtheboy.Ameliawas68.movedandaskedSamtotakehertohishome.Heledhertoasmallhouse.Ameliasawawomanlyingonthebed.Thewomanknewshewasdying.ShesaidtoAmelia,“Pleasefinda69.formyson.”Amelia70.herhandandnoddedwithtears（眼淚）.Shegotanidea!Herhusbandandshehadnochildren,andlookingforwardtohavingone.LaterAmeliabroughtSamhome.Eversincethen,thenewfamilyhavehadhappinessandlaughter.Key:61.worker62.changed63.could64.looking65.cold66.father's67.years68.deeply69.home70.took（2014四川成都）二、短文填空。用下面方框中單詞的適當(dāng)形式填入短文空格內(nèi)，使短文意思正確、通順（每詞限用一次）。將答案按編號依次填入下方表格內(nèi)。（共10小題，每小題1分，計10分）checkChinadifficulteasyfarmforgetlittlemanyotherpeaceamazingseriousLookatthepicture,whatdoyousee?1 ,somepeoplesayit'sanoldman,whileotherssayit'sayoungwomanandanold2 .Itisaproblemwithmanyanswers.Why?Whenyoulookataproblemfromdifferentviews,yougetdifferentanswers.Justturnitinyourmind3bit,andyoumayseeitinacompletelynewway.Somepeopleonlyformanideaintheirmind“Aproblemhasonlyoneanswer,andallthe4 arewrong.”Someevenlaughatthedifferentanswersotherscomeupwith.Well,they'rewrong!Ifpeopleonlybelievedinoneanswer,wemightstillthinktheworldissquare（方形的）！What'soneplusone?That'seasy,two!Right?Well,that'sonerightanswer,butnottheonlyanswer.Youmightthinkof11,orsome45 characterslike“二”or“十”！What'samomplusadad?Youmightthinkoftwopeople,oramanandawoman,orawholefamily！So,eventhe6questionscanhavemanyanswers.Ofcourse,someproblemsdoonlyhaveoneanswer.Ifeachofthequestionsinamathtesthad7thanoneanswer,itwouldbequiteaproblemforteachers8.Lookatthingsindifferentways,faceyourlifewitha9mind,andyou'llseeacompletelydifferentworld.Afterreadingmyarticle,ifIaskyouagain:“Whatdoyouseeinthispicture?”,willyoustillgivethesameanswernow?I'msurethispicturewillbe10toyou.Key:1.Amazingly2.farmer3.alittle4.others5.Chinese6.easiest7.more8.tocheck9.peaceful10.unforgettable（2014上海）B.Choosethebestwordsandcompletethepassage（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~完成短文）（12分）BeyourselfWewishthatwecouldbebetteratsportsormoreattractive.Wewishwehadnicerclothesormoremoney.Everyonelikestofeelthatlieorsheisspecial. 75 ,manyofusgrowupbelievingthatwe'renotspecialatall.Webelievewearenotgoodenoughjustasweare.Mostparentswantustobethebestwecanbe.Veryoften,they 76 ustoothers.Bydoingthis,theytrytoencourageustodobetter.Theymeanwell,butthemessageweoftengetisthatwe'renotgoodenough.Webegintobelievethattheonlywaywecanbespecialisbybeingbetterthansomeoneelse,butweareoften 77 .Therewillalwaysbesomeoneouttherewhoisbetterthanweareatsomething.Plentyofpeoplearoundmaynotbeassmartasweare,buttheyarebetteratsports.Ortheymaynotbeasgood-looking,buttheyhavemoremoney.Itis 78 forustobebetterthaneveryoneelseallthetime.Weallwantthethingsthatwebelievewillmakeusbetterpeople.Butveryoftenwedon'trealizethatwealreadyhave 79 ustheverythingsthatwewant.Thesethingsmakeusdifferentfromothers.Whenwearegrowingup, 80 sometimesforgettotellusthatwearespecial,thatwearegoodenough.Maybenoonetoldthemwhentheyweregrowingup.Anyway,it'suptoustoremindthemfromtimetotimethateachofus,inourownway,isspecial.Whatweareisenough.A)AgainB)NextC)BesidesD)HoweverA)describeB)compareC)introduceD)preferA)lonelyB)forgetfulC)disappointedD)nervousA)helpfulB)impossibleC)necessaryD)unfair79A)insideB)amongC)aroundD)for80.A)friendsB)scientistsC)parentsD)doctorsKey:75.D76.B77.C78.B79.A80.C(2014浙江杭州)七、詞語填空(共10小題，計10分)用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文通順、正確、連貫(每個單詞限用一次)。onfirstgivechangeitletterwhilebecausecheapfastTheBritishlovesendingtextmessages.Theysendmorethan2.5billioneverymonth.Andmostpeoplenowunderstandthelanguageoftext,withitsnumbersandmissing61.Infact,whenastudentataScottishschoolwrotethewholearticle“intxt”,histeacher62him“C+4f4t”（“C+foreffort”）.Althoughtexting（發(fā)短信）isa63wayofstayingintouchwithyourfriends,itcanalsobringproblems.In2005,aBritishteenagerbecamethe64personintheworldtoreceivetreatmentforanaddiction（沉溺）totextmessaging.Inoneyear,thenineteen-year-oldspentabout￡4,500 65texts.Forsomepeople,textmessaginghas66theirlives.Forexample,JamesTruslerfromSussexinEnglandtrave