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[2021?山東省煙臺市高三模擬卷]Ifyou'veeverbeenonafishing

boat,you'veprobablyseencrowdsof

birdsfollowingit,hopingtocatchasnack.Nowscientistsuse

thosebirds'behaviortotrackillegalfishingboats.

Researchersattacheddataloggerstothebacksof

169albatrosses(信天翁)inIndianoceans.Weighingonly42

grams,thedevicesincludedaGPS,whichenabledthemto

detectthepresenceandintensityofradarsignalsemittingfrom

boats.Thatinformationwasthensentbysatellite,sothe

researcherscouldtrackthelocationofthebirds—andthusthe

radaremittingboats—inrealtime.

Thescientiststhencrosscheckedthatdataagainsttheknown

locationsofboats,collectedfromasystemboatsusetodeclare

themselves,calledtheAutomaticIdentificationSystem(AIS).

Andnoticeabledifferencesappearedfrequently.

Morethanathirdofthetimesthebirdsloggers"detected

radarsignals,andthereforeaboat,butnosuchboatappearedin

theofficiallog—meaningthatthevehicleshadlikelyswitched

offtheirAIS—somethingthatprobablyhappensinillegalfishing

operations.

Theworksuggestsbirdscouldbeaneffectiveboat-

monitoringtoolaslongasillegalfishingoperationsdon'ttarget

thebirds.

Fortunately,suchataskwouIdbedifficult.Aroundfishing

boats,youcanfindhundredsofbirdsatanyonetimethatare

flyingaround.Andthebirdswithloggersarenotmarkedinany

way.Soit'snotreallypossibleforfishermentopickoutaspecific

bird.

Butwhatconcernsresearchersisthatalbatrossesoftenget

caughtbysomefishingboats.Thoughregulationshavebeen

establishedtoprotectagainstthathappening-withsuccess一

illegalboatsdon'tnecessarilyobey.Soscientistsmightbe

underestimatingtheriskposedtoalbatrosspopulations.

5.Whatcharacteristicofalbatrossesdoscientiststake

advantageofintheirresearch?

A.Theirfeedingpatterns.

B.Theirsenseofdirection.

C.Theirgreedybehaviors.

D.Theirhabitoffollowingfishingboats.

6.ForwhatpurposedoesaboatshutoffitsAIS?

A.Toseekmorefishes.

B.Tohaveitmistakenforanother.

C.Toavoidbeingdetected.

D.Tosavethetroubleofdeclaringitself.

7.Whatdoes"suchatask"inParagraph6referto?

A.Identifyingbirdswithloggers.

B.Monitoringillegalboats.

C.Trackingradarsignalsautomatically.

D.Fishingillegally.

8.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AIS:anEffectiveSystemtoLocateBoats

B.HumansAreGoodatDiscoveringBirds'Nature

C.DataLoggersHelpFishermenGetaGoodHarvest

D.ScientistsUseBirdstoTrackIllegalFishingOperations

KeysDCAD

[2021?山東煙臺市高三模擬卷]TheUnderwaterPhotographerof

theYear,whichoriginatedfrom1965,isayearlycontestbasedin

theUnitedKingdom.Asyoumightexpect,thefocusison

photostakenunderwater,whetherintheocean,inlakesor

rivers,orevenswimmingpools.

Thepicturesarejudgedinseveraldifferentcategories.The

contestin2019hadover5,500entriesfrom70different

countries.

ThegrandprizewinnerwasMFrozenMobileHome”by

FrenchphotographerGregLecoeur.Thephotoshowsseals

swimmingaroundasmalliceberg.Togetthepicture,Mr.

LecoeurtraveledtoAntarcticainasmallboatandspenttime

trackingthelifearoundfloatingicebergs.

Thephoto“LastDawn,LastGasp"byPasqualeVassalloof

ItalywontheawardforOceanProtectionPhotographerofthe

Year.Mr.Vassallosaidthathewentdivingearlyinthemorning

totakethispictureofatuna(金槍魚)trappedasfishermen

pulledtheirnetsin.

Mr.Vassalloalsotook"OctopusTraining",apicturethat

woninthecategoryof"Behavior”.Hesaysthatwhenhecame

upafteradive,henoticedasoccerballfloatingonthesurface.

Whenhewenttocheckitout,hesawthattherewasanoctopus

hangingfromtheball.Mr.Vassallosayshedoesn'tunderstand

whattheoctopuswasdoing,butwondersifitwastrainingfor

theWorldCup.

ThoughRoomanLucofBelgiumdidn'twinthe“Portrait”

category,hisphoto,titled“AngrySeahorse",isquitestriking.

Thecloseupshotofaseahorsestaringstrictlyintothecamera

wasnamedrunnerup(secondplace).Hesaidhespentnearlyan

hourstandinginkneehighwaterbeingbittenbymosquitosin

ordertogetthepicture.

Thecontesthasmanymoreamazingphotosthatcanbe

viewedonthesite,alongwiththestoriesbehindthem.Thereis

evenabookwithallofthecontentsthatcanbedownloadedfor

free.

1.Whichisn'tsuitabletoentertheUnderwaterPhotographer

oftheYearcontest?

A.Thecryingdolphin.

B.Savingtheelephant.

C.Thedancinglemonshark.

D.Kissingthewhale.

2.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanwereadthetext?

A.Arts.B.Literature.

C.Documentary.D.Education.

3.Whatisthephoto"LastDawn,LastGasp"aimedtotell

us?

A.Atunaishardtoshoot.

B.Weshouldprotectoceananimals.

C.Divingearlyinthemorningispainful.

D.Therearetoomanyfi