Unit7Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.SectionA(GrammarFocus~4b)英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主語和謂語之間是______關(guān)系

被動(dòng)語態(tài)：表示主語和謂語之間是________關(guān)系

主動(dòng)被動(dòng)We

cleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.

英語的語態(tài)是通過動(dòng)詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。1.Myshirtsaremade

ofcotton.2.Teaisgrown

bypeopleinHangzhou.3.Thezipperswereinventedin1893.4.Thefridgewassold

atalowprice.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為：be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞be有時(shí)態(tài)和人稱的變化Idon'tthinksixteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtodrive.Iagree.Theyaren'tseriousenough.Doyouthinkteenagersshouldbeencouragedtomaketheirowndecisions?

No,Idon'tagreewiththis.Teenagersaretooyoungtomaketheirowndecisions.Teenagersshouldnotbeallowedtohavepart-timejobs.Idisagree.Theycanlearnalotfromworking.Doyouthinkwemaybeallowedtotakesomephotosifwedon'tuseaflash?Ifyoudon'tuseaflash,thenitmaybeOK.

GrammarFocus含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+動(dòng)詞過去分詞Weare

allowedtochooseourownclothes.shouldWebeallowedtochooseourownclothes.●含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)，主要遵循如下三點(diǎn)：(1）主動(dòng)句中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句中的主語；(2）主動(dòng)句中的謂語變?yōu)椤扒閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞＋be＋及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”;(3）主動(dòng)句中的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語，放在謂語之后

,

by的賓語常可省略。含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)句與被動(dòng)句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換:

主語謂語賓語主語謂語介詞+賓語can/couldmay/mightwill/wouldshall/shouldmustoughtto1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無時(shí)態(tài)和

人稱的變化；2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞

原形。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞句式結(jié)構(gòu)示例肯定句主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(+by…)Teenagersshouldbeallowedtogoshopping.否定句主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(+by…)Thewordcan’tbeusedinthissentence.一般疑問句情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(+by…)?Musttheworkbefinishedtoday?特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+被動(dòng)語態(tài)的一般疑問句？Whatshouldhebeaskedtodo?含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+be+done+其他內(nèi)容.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)一：表達(dá)否定時(shí)，“not”接在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后。Paperandwater

wastedbypeople.A.willbenotB.willnotbeC.shouldbenotD.shouldnotbe2.In2050,2G

usedintheworld.A.willbenotB.willnotbeC.shouldbenotD.shouldnotbe易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)二：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+

主語+be+done+其他內(nèi)容?疑問句中，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后緊跟主語。判斷下列句子是否正確？正確（T）錯(cuò)誤（F）Shouldclassroombecleanedbystudents?Mustbemyroomcleanedbymyselfnow?Shouldbefoodwastedbypeople?Canthehomeworkbefinishedtomorrow?Canbemoonseenatnight?TFFTF含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng)一：Thelittledogmustbelookedafterwell.

那只小狗必須得到很好的照顧。

一些動(dòng)詞短語用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞短語應(yīng)視為一個(gè)整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。注意事項(xiàng)二：Ioftenseetheoldmanruninthemorning.→Theoldmanisoftenseentoruninthemorning.

我經(jīng)常看見那個(gè)老人早晨跑步。make，see，watch，hear，notice，feel等使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中與省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式連用，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)后，必須加上to。注意事項(xiàng)三：Thepearstastenice.那些梨味道很好。look,sound,taste,smell等系動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表被動(dòng)意義。

注意事項(xiàng)四：Thebooksellswell.這本書賣得很好。不及物動(dòng)詞與狀語連用，用以表示主語的品質(zhì)和狀態(tài)。常見的此類動(dòng)詞有：cut，sell，read，write，fill，cook，lock，wash，drive，keep等。

含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的“發(fā)生”takeplace不及物動(dòng)詞短語發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；舉行（某事）按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或按計(jì)劃發(fā)生happen不及物動(dòng)詞發(fā)生常指具體事件的發(fā)生，特別指那些偶然的或未能預(yù)見的“發(fā)生”takeplace和happen沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)肯定句：否定句：一般疑問句：句子結(jié)構(gòu)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)主+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+done+其他主+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+be+done+其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主+be+done+其他1.表達(dá)否定時(shí)，“not”接在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后。2.疑問句中，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后緊跟主語。summary1.—What'sthemeaningoftheactivity“Let'sSave”？—Papershouldn't________ineverydaylife.A.waste B.wastedC.bewastedD.iswasted2.—Thetrafficistoobusy.Wehavetodriveslowly.—Ithinkmorenewroads________inourcity.A.shouldbebuiltB.shouldbuiltC.havebuiltD.build中考鏈接3.

Somepeoplethinktrees___________onTreePlantingDayonly.A.shouldplant B.shouldbeplantedC.shouldbeplant D.shouldbeplanting

Idon'tthinksixteen-year-oldsshould

beallowedtodrive.Iagree.Theyaren'tseriousenough.Doyouthinkteenagersshouldbeencouragedtomaketheirowndecisions?

No,Idon'tagreewiththis.Teenagersaretooyoungtomaketheirowndecisions.Teenagersshouldnotbeallowedtohavepart-timejobs.Idisagree.Theycanlearnalotfromworking.Doyouthinkwemay

beallowedtotakesomephotosifwedon'tuseaflash?Ifyoudon'tuseaflash,thenitmaybeOK.

GrammarFocusshould(not)

beallowedto

(不)應(yīng)該被允許做…

TotalkaboutrulesTalkaboutschoolruleswith

“should(not)

beallowedto

”Don’tarrivelateforschool.

=Students

shouldnotbeallowedto

arrivelateforschool.Don’tlistentomusicintheclassroom.

=Studentsshouldnotbeallowedtolistentomusicintheclassroom.Talkaboutschoolruleswith

“should(not)

beallowedto

”Don’tfightwithothers.

=Studentsshouldnotbeallowedto

fightwithothers.Talkaboutschoolruleswith

“should(not)

beallowedto

”

=Studentsshouldnotbeallowedtocheat.Don’tcheat.Talkaboutschoolruleswith

“should(not)

beallowedto

”

=Studentsshouldnotbeallowedto

sleepinclass.Don’tsleepinclass.Talkaboutschoolruleswith

“should(not)

beallowedto

”Idon'tthinksixteen-year-oldsshould

beallowedtodrive.Iagree.Theyaren'tseriousenough.Doyouthinkteenagersshouldbeencouragedtomaketheirowndecisions?

No,Idon'tagreewiththis.Teenagersaretooyoungtomaketheirowndecisions.Teenagersshouldnotbeallowedtohavepart-timejobs.Idisagree.Theycanlearnalotfromworking.Doyouthinkwemay

beallowedtotakesomephotosifwedon'tuseaflash?Ifyoudon'tuseaflash,thenitmaybeOK.

GrammarFocusTotalkaboutopinions“同意”

Iagree;Ican’tagreemore;Iapprove;Youareright;Ihavethesameideawithyou;ofcourse;Ith