浙江省金華市2022-2023學年八年級下學期期末英語試卷（解析版）四、完形填空，閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。9．（10分）Madisonlookedthroughthewindow，watchingthebirdsflyingfreelyinthesky."Itmustbe（1）tobeabird，"shethought，"withoutanymathslessons.Icanspendallmytimeonhorsebackthissummerholiday."Atthatmoment，someonewascallingher，"Madison，Madison!"Madison（2）andturnedbacktowardstheclassandfoundherclassmateslaughing."Class，couldyoupayattention？"Mrs.Smithsaid."Everybody，herecomesour（3）."Dr.Landon，avet（獸醫），cameheretodayfortheschool'sprogramCareerExploration（職業規劃）.WhenDr.Landontalkedabouthowheworkedhardatmathsinhismiddleschool，Madisontriedtogetinterestedinit.Butshealsotriedtoremember（4）sheputherridingboots（靴子）.Suddenly，someofDr.Landon's（5）caughtherattention."IhaveasmallofficeandI'mbusy（6）myhorseseveryday.It'salotofwork，（7）Iloveit..."Madison'smouthdroppedwideopen.Hespentdayswithhorses!Howfun!Atthatmoment，Madisoncouldsee（8）futurebecomingbiggerandclearer.Shealmostlaughedandhadto（9）holdbackherlaughter.Afterschool，Madison（10）herplan.Shewasstillgoingtorideherhorse，butfirsttospendanhourstudyingmathsandscience，evenwithouthomework.ThatwasbecauseDr.Landonsaidtheywereimportanttofuturecareers.（1）A.importantB.wonderfulC.difficultD.friendly（2）A.waitedB.agreedC.noddedD.jumped（3）A.guestB.directorC.artistD.visitor（4）A.whatB.howC.whenD.where（5）A.notesB.giftsC.wordsD.photos（6）A.keepingclearofB.takingcareofC.cheeringupD.wakingup（7）A.soB.andC.butD.because（8）A.hisB.herC.itsD.their（9）A.bravelyB.strangelyC.heavilyD.quickly（10）A.changedB.droppedC.refusedD.forgot五、閱讀理解，閱讀下面短文，請從A、B、C、D四個選項中選擇最佳答案。10．（6分）Doyoufeelembarrassed（尷尬的）whenyouareeatingintherestaurantalone？Hereareafewcomments（評論）.BettyIdon'tbecauseIonlygotoarestauranttoeatfood，nottomakefriends.Also，eatingaloneisagoodchancetothinkquestionsdeeply.Youcanbeyourgreatestfriend.16：11FujianRitaNo.Thereareotherpeopleintherestauranteating.So，I'mnoteatingalone.I'mtheretoenjoythemeal!Ifullyenjoythetasteoffood!Sittingaloneisn'tgoingtotroublemeeatingmymeal.18：40GuangdongJordanYes!IalwaysfeelnervouswhenIeatalone.Especiallywheneveryonearoundmeistalkingandlaughing.ItmakesmefeeldifferentandIdon'tlikethisfeeling.16：27ZhejiangAnneAfteryearsofbeingalone，everywhereIgo，Ihardlyfeelembarrassed.Ienjoymyselfwhenhavinganicemealatarestaurant，Icallit"dating"myself.Ireallydon'tcarewhatotherpeoplethink.19：17Beijing（1）feelsembarrassedwheneatingintherestaurantalone.A.BettyB.RitaC.JordanD.Anne（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？A.Annecaresmuchaboutwhatothersthink.B.Jordanfeelsrelaxedwitheveryonearoundhim.C.Ritafeelslonelywhileenjoyingthetasteoffood.D.Bettythinkseatingaloneishelpfultothinkquestions.（3）Wherecanwefindthetext？A.Inapicturestory.B.Inatourbook.C.Inawebsite.D.Inanotice.11．（8分）Britishpeopleareproudofthemselvesonbeingpolitetowardsothersinpublic.Theyoftenusetheword"sorry"﹣evenwhentheydon'treallymeanit!Forexample，ifsomeonewantstogotothehospital，hewouldstartbysaying"Sorrytobother（打擾）you.Doyouknowwherethenearesthospitalis？"Ifthey'refiveminuteslateforthemeeting，theywouldsay"Sorry，I'mlate!"Theyusetheword"sorry!"insomanydifferentsituations.Thetwomaindictionarydefinitionsof"sorry"are：①feelingsadforsomeoneelsebecauseoftheirproblemsorbadluck；②feelingregretful（后悔的）becauseyou'vedonesomethingwrong.Usually，whentheywanttoaskastrangeraquestion，theystartwith"I'mreallysorrytotroubleyou."Inthissituation，theyaren'tsayingsorrybecausetheyfeelsadforthatpersonorbecausetheyfeelregretful.▲Well，intheBritishculture，saying"sorry"meansawaytobepolite，especiallytopeoplewhotheydon'tknowverywell.It'salsoaverygoodwaytogetwhattheywant.Inthelatestresearch，scientistsfoundthatit'seasierforonetoborrowamobilephonefromstrangersbysaying"sorry".（1）Accordingtothepassage，weknowthatBritishpeopleare.A.humorousB.strangeC.cleverD.polite（2）Theunderlinedword"definitions"inParagraph2probablymeans.A.messagesB.meaningsC.purposesD.choices（3）Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinthe"▲"inParagraph3？A.Sowhatdoes"sorry"reallymean？B.Dopeopleoftenusetheword"sorry"？C.WhenshouldBritishpeoplesay"sorry"？D.WhydoBritishpeoplesay"sorry"toothers？（4）WhenBritishpeopleaskastrangeraquestionbystartingwith"sorry"，they.A.aresadforthatpersonB.feelregretfulforwhattheydidC.maywanttogetwhattheywantD.wanttoknowmoreaboutotherpeople12．（8分）①Doyouknowthatouroceansarefilledwithrubbishlikeusedbottles？Theyarebadfortheoceanandmarineanimals（海洋生物）.Soscientistshaveinventedsomeusefultoolstoclearawaytherubbishintheocean.②Forexample，aFrenchcompanyhasinventedarobotcalledtheJellyfishbot.Thissmallrobotcollecteverythingitsees，includingoil.TheJellyfishbotcancleananareaofupto1，000squaremetersperhour.Ithasanetthatcanholdupto30litersofrubbish.③Formoreopenareas，amuchlargerrobotcalledtheInterceptorhasasimilarfunction（功能）.TheInterceptorlookslikeaboat.Itpicksuprubbishandputsitintoitssixbigrubbishbins.Oncetherubbishbinsarefull，theInterceptorwillsendamessagetotheoperator（操作員）.Theoperatoremptiestherubbishbinsandsendsrubbishtothelocalrubbishstation.④TheInterceptor'snamecomesfromtheword"intercept（攔截）"becauseitspurposeistostoprubbishbeforeitgetstotheocean.⑤Robotsareabletocleanuplotsofrubbishwithouthumancleaningupbyhand.Hopefully，theycanbeabigpartofwaystodowiththeoceanpollution.（1）HowdoesthewritertellthefunctionoftheJellyfishbot？A.Bytellingastory.B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Byaskingaquestion.D.Bysettingbackground.（2）WhatdotheJellyfishbotandInterceptorhaveincommon？A.Theyhavethesamesize.B.Theybothhavearubbishbin.C.Theycanhelpcollectrubbish.D.Bothofthemneedanoperator.（3）Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure（結構）ofthepassage？A.①/②/③④⑤B.①②/③④/⑤C.①/②③/④⑤D.①/②③④/⑤（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.OceanandmarineanimalsB.AnewinventiontostudyoceansC.Rubbish﹣collectingrobotsD.Anewwaytostoppollution13．（8分）LasttermItookabeginner'scourseinvideoart.Thecoursetaughtmeaboutthedevelopmentofmodernarts，andhowmediaworks.LaurenWoodsencouragedustomakevideos.Imadeoneaboutfood.Ibelievefoodisagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutculturaldifferencesandsocialtraditions，andtryingfoodisawayformetounderstandtheworldandmakefriends.Wealsolearnedaboutart.Once，ProfessorWoodsgaveuspaint，glueandcoloredpaper，andletusdowhateverwewantedtoinanemptyartroom.Atfirst，wejustdrewsomeflowersandanimalsonthewalls；however，later，wepouredpaintonthewallsandevenbrokethecoloredpaper.Thisexperienceshowedthatwhentherearenorules，peoplecanhavestrongdestructivepower（破壞力）.Ourfinalprojectwasshooting（拍攝）anartvideo.Ishotavideoofmyselflookingafteranegg.Ineededtowashtheeggandtalktoitevery15minutes.Idiscoveredmosttimeofmydailylifewereinterrupted（打斷）bydoingthis.Iwantedtousethisvideotoshowthedifficultiesofbeingamother，andencouragesocietytothinkofmotherhoodasarealjob.Inaword，thevideoartclassprovidedmewiththechancetolearnmoreaboutmodernartsinWesternsociety.ItwasthemostinterestingandcreativecourseItook.（1）Whatisthetheme（主題）oftheauthor'sfirstvideo？A.Food.B.Culture.C.Art.D.Friendship.（2）Whatdoesthewriterthinkaboutthevideoartcourse？A.Creativebutdifficult.B.Dangerousbutinteresting.C.Difficultanddangerous.D.Interestingandcreative.（3）Theunderlinedwords"doingthis"inParagraph4probablyreferto（指代）.A.drawingsomeflowersB.shootinganartvideoC.lookingafteraneggD.beingamother（4）Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusthroughhis/herartvideo？A.It'sboringtotakecareofanegg.B.Societyshouldpaymothersmorefortheirwork.C.Mothersshouldhaveabetterchancetogetjobs.D.Beingamotherisn'teasyandweshouldrespecther.六、用方框中所給詞語的適當形式填空，每詞限用一次。14．（5分）smart；perhaps；activity；anyone；comeout（1）youcancomeandseeusatourworkplace.（2）HisbookonEnglishlearninglastmonth.（3）Iwon'ttellthesecretto，Ipromise.（4）Totellyouthetruth，heistheboyinourclass.（5）Ifyouenjoyoutdoor，thisisthetripforyou.七、閱讀下面短文，請根據所給中文正確拼寫單詞，使短文意思完整。每空限填一詞。15．（5分）Whatabigday!OnMay30?b，thestudentsinXinduoCentralSchoolwatchedShenzhou16mannedspaceshipgointothespace.Thisexcitingmomentalsowonthe（1）（心）ofbillionsofChinese.Scientistshavesuccessfully（2）（發送）thespaceshipwiththreeastronautsJingHaipeng，ZhuYangzhuandGuiHaichao.Theywereingood（3）（身體狀況）andtheywillworkwiththethreeShenzhou15astronautsforaboutfivedaystocompletethehandoverwork.TheheadteacherofXinduoCentralSchoolsaysthattheyhave（4）（曾經）encouragedstudentstolearnmoreaboutthespaceprojectsonpurpose.ThestudentscanalwaysunderstandsomethingspecialaboutChinaandtheyare（5）（無疑的）tofeelproudofourmotherland.Itisalsohelpfultodevelopthestudents'interestsinthespace.八、語法填空，閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當的詞，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。16．（10分）Shadowpuppet（皮影）showsstartedintheHanDynasty.Sincethen，it（1）（become）oneofthemostpopularformsofacting.Oneday，amansawkids'shadowsinthesun.Hegot（2）idea.Hemadeashowlikethat.Itwasinterestingandmanypeoplelikedit.Inashadowpuppetshow，（3）（actor）standbehindawhitescreen.Withmusicandsongs，theymakethepuppetmove.Peoplesit（4）（quiet）infrontofthewhiteclothandwatchtheshadowshow.Believeitornot，（5）（play）inapuppetshowisnotaneasything.Thisterm，wedecidedtodoapuppetshowforkids.Itwasdifficult（6）（hold）apuppet.Atthebeginning，wedidn'tknow（7）toplayitbecauseitwasour（8）（one）timetodosuchthings.Everyoneshouldholdthepuppethighenoughthroughouttheshowandthearmsbecamesore（酸痛的）easily.Duringthepractice，ourarms（9）（shake）alotandwelookedveryfunnylikelong﹣neckedkangaroosatthebackstage（后臺）.Wetrainedsohard（10）wefeltreallytiredafterseveraldays.Ihopedthatthekidswouldenjoyit!九、任務型閱讀，閱讀下面短文，根據所讀內容在表格中的空白處填入恰當的單詞（每空不多于3個單詞）。17．（5分）DirectorHayaoMiyazaki'snewanimatedmoviewillhittheatersinJapanonJuly14th，2023.ThiswillbeMiyazaki'sfirstmoviein10years.Thenewmovie，calledHowdoyoulive？，takesitstitlefroma1937novelbyGenzaburoYoshino.ThenovelwasMiyazaki'sfavoritebookwhenhewasstillachild.Ittellsthestoryofa15﹣year﹣oldboygrowingupinTokyointhe1930s.Theboy'sfatherdiedtwoyearsearlier，buthehasanunclewhogiveshimimportantadviceaboutgrowingup.Butthenewmoviewilltelladifferentandoriginal（原創的）story.Littleisknownaboutthemovie'sstoryyet.ButMiyazakilhassaidthatYoshino'snovelismeaningfulforthemaincharacter.Miyazakihasdirectedmanyfamousanimatedmovies，includingMyNeighbourTotoro，PrincessMononoke，SpiritedAwayandHowl'sMovingCastle.AfterthereleaseofhislastfilmTheWindRisesin2013，Miyazakisaidhewouldnolongermakemovies.However，in2017，hesaidhewasworkingonanothernewmovie—Howdoyoulive？.Thisisexpectedtobehisfinalmovie.Heisnow81yearsold.Miyazakimadethisnewmovieforhisgrandson.Throughthismovie，hewantedtotellhisgrandson，"Grandpaisgoingtoanotherworld，butIwillleavethismovieforyou."Sohowdoyoulive？TheAnimatedMovieHowdoyoulive？（1）HayaoMiyazaki，81yearsoldDateofshowingOn（2），2023Origin（來源）Themovie'snamecomesfromanovelbyGenzaburoYoshino.Themovietellsushowaboy（3）withhisuncle'shelp.OtherinformationMiyazakhasdirectedmanyfamousmovies.Miyazakmadethemovieasagiftfor（4）.Maybeit'sMiyazaki's（5）movie.十、書面表達。18．（20分）某英語網站正在向其學員開展"暑期夏令營課程"的調查與反饋。假設你是LiHua，參加了上期夏令營活動。請根據下表信息，選擇一門課程，寫一封Email向此網站投稿。內容要點參考詞匯thecourseyouenteredforEnglish/cooking，…youlearned/gotfromthecourse?spokenEnglish/lifeskills，...?confident，active，…youropinionsinterestingandusefulclass，…yoursuggestions?offermorecourses?havemoretrainedandexperiencedteachers注意：1.短文必須包含表格中全部要點，可適當發揮，參考詞匯僅供選擇使用；2.文中不得出現真實的人名和校名；3.詞數：80～100詞，開頭結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。Deareditor，I'mveryhappythatItookpartinyourlastsummercampactivities._______________________________Pleasewritetomeifyouneedanymoreinformation.Yourssincerely，LiHua

參考答案與試題解析四、完形填空，閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。9．（10分）Madisonlookedthroughthewindow，watchingthebirdsflyingfreelyinthesky."Itmustbe（1）Btobeabird，"shethought，"withoutanymathslessons.Icanspendallmytimeonhorsebackthissummerholiday."Atthatmoment，someonewascallingher，"Madison，Madison!"Madison（2）Dandturnedbacktowardstheclassandfoundherclassmateslaughing."Class，couldyoupayattention？"Mrs.Smithsaid."Everybody，herecomesour（3）A."Dr.Landon，avet（獸醫），cameheretodayfortheschool'sprogramCareerExploration（職業規劃）.WhenDr.Landontalkedabouthowheworkedhardatmathsinhismiddleschool，Madisontriedtogetinterestedinit.Butshealsotriedtoremember（4）Dsheputherridingboots（靴子）.Suddenly，someofDr.Landon's（5）Ccaughtherattention."IhaveasmallofficeandI'mbusy（6）Bmyhorseseveryday.It'salotofwork，（7）CIloveit..."Madison'smouthdroppedwideopen.Hespentdayswithhorses!Howfun!Atthatmoment，Madisoncouldsee（8）Bfuturebecomingbiggerandclearer.Shealmostlaughedandhadto（9）Choldbackherlaughter.Afterschool，Madison（10）Aherplan.Shewasstillgoingtorideherhorse，butfirsttospendanhourstudyingmathsandscience，evenwithouthomework.ThatwasbecauseDr.Landonsaidtheywereimportanttofuturecareers.（1）A.importantB.wonderfulC.difficultD.friendly（2）A.waitedB.agreedC.noddedD.jumped（3）A.guestB.directorC.artistD.visitor（4）A.whatB.howC.whenD.where（5）A.notesB.giftsC.wordsD.photos（6）A.keepingclearofB.takingcareofC.cheeringupD.wakingup（7）A.soB.andC.butD.because（8）A.hisB.herC.itsD.their（9）A.bravelyB.strangelyC.heavilyD.quickly（10）A.changedB.droppedC.refusedD.forgot【分析】這篇短文主要寫了麥迪遜對數學不感興趣，在學校的職業探索活動時，獸醫蘭登博士的話讓她對未來職業有了更加清晰的看法，也激起了她學習數學和科學的動力。【解答】（1）考查形容詞辨析。句意："當一只鳥一定很奇妙，"她想，"不用上數學課。"A.important重要的；B.wonderful絕妙的；C.difficult困難的；D.friendly友好的。根據withoutanymathslessons（沒有數學課）可知，麥迪遜覺得當小鳥很棒。故選B。（2）考查動詞辨析。句意：麥麥迪遜跳了起來，轉過身去，發現她的同學們都在笑。A.waited等待；B.agreed同意；C.nodded點頭；D.jumped跳。根據Atthatmoment，someonewascallingher，"Madison，Madison!"（就在那一刻，有人在叫她："麥迪遜，麥迪遜!"）可知，麥迪遜在課堂上聽到有人喊她，會下意識地站起來，這里使用jumped，形容她的反應比較強烈。故選D。（3）考查名詞辨析。句意：各位，我們的客人來了。A.guest客人；B.director導演；C.artist藝術家；D.visitor參觀者。根據Dr.Landon，avet，cameheretodayfortheschool'sprogramCareerExploration.（蘭登博士是一名獸醫，他今天來到這里參加學校的職業探索項目。）可知，蘭登博士應是事先收到學校的邀請，因此應是客人。故選A。（4）考查賓語從句連接詞辨析。句意：但她也試著記起她把馬靴放在哪里了。A.what什么；B.how如何；C.when什么時候；D.where哪里。動詞remember（記得）后為賓語從句，空處應為關系副詞where。故選D。（5）考查名詞辨析。句意：突然，蘭登博士的話引起了她的注意。A.notes筆記；B.gifts禮物；C.words單詞；D.photos照片。根據IhaveasmallofficeandI'mbusytakingcareofmyhorseseveryday.（我有一個小辦公室，我每天都忙著照顧我的馬。）可知，是蘭登博士的話引起了麥迪遜的注意。故選C。（6）考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我有一個小辦公室，我每天都忙著照顧我的馬。A.keepingclearof遠離；B.takingcareof照顧；C.cheeringup振作起來；D.wakingup醒來。根據賓語myhorses（我的馬）可知，謂語動詞應是"照顧"。故選B。（7）考查連詞辨析。句意：這是很多工作，但是我喜歡它……A.so所以；B.and和；C.but但是；D.because因為。分析句子，可知It'salotofwork（這是很多工作）和Iloveit（我喜歡它）之間是轉折關系，因此空處應為轉折連詞but。故選C。（8）考查代詞辨析。句意：在那一刻，麥迪遜可以看到她的未來變得更大更清晰。A.his他的；B.her她的；C.its它的；D.their他們的。根據主語Madison（麥迪遜）可知，這里應是形容詞性物主代詞her，修飾名詞future（將來）。故選B。（9）考查副詞辨析。句意：她幾乎笑了出來，不得不強忍住她的笑聲。A.bravely勇敢地；B.strangely奇怪地；C.heavily沉重地，很大程度上；D.quickly迅速地。句子成分完整，結合意思，可確定空處為"很大程度上"，修飾動詞短語holdback（忍住，抑制）。故選C。（10）考查動詞辨析。句意：放學后，麥迪遜改變了她的計劃。A.changed改變；B.dropped掉落；C.refused拒絕；D.forgot忘記。根據Shewasstillgoingtorideherhorse，butfirsttospendanhourstudyingmathsandscience，evenwithouthomework.（她還是要騎她的馬，但首先花一個小時學習數學和科學，即使沒有家庭作業的時候。）可知，麥迪遜改變了她的計劃。故選A。【點評】首先通讀全文，了解文章大意，緊緊抓住上下文語境所提供的信息，然后明確詞意，結合所學語法，運用排除法逐一選出答案，最后再通讀全文核對答案。五、閱讀理解，閱讀下面短文，請從A、B、C、D四個選項中選擇最佳答案。10．（6分）Doyoufeelembarrassed（尷尬的）whenyouareeatingintherestaurantalone？Hereareafewcomments（評論）.BettyIdon'tbecauseIonlygotoarestauranttoeatfood，nottomakefriends.Also，eatingaloneisagoodchancetothinkquestionsdeeply.Youcanbeyourgreatestfriend.16：11FujianRitaNo.Thereareotherpeopleintherestauranteating.So，I'mnoteatingalone.I'mtheretoenjoythemeal!Ifullyenjoythetasteoffood!Sittingaloneisn'tgoingtotroublemeeatingmymeal.18：40GuangdongJordanYes!IalwaysfeelnervouswhenIeatalone.Especiallywheneveryonearoundmeistalkingandlaughing.ItmakesmefeeldifferentandIdon'tlikethisfeeling.16：27ZhejiangAnneAfteryearsofbeingalone，everywhereIgo，Ihardlyfeelembarrassed.Ienjoymyselfwhenhavinganicemealatarestaurant，Icallit"dating"myself.Ireallydon'tcarewhatotherpeoplethink.19：17Beijing（1）Cfeelsembarrassedwheneatingintherestaurantalone.A.BettyB.RitaC.JordanD.Anne（2）WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？DA.Annecaresmuchaboutwhatothersthink.B.Jordanfeelsrelaxedwitheveryonearoundhim.C.Ritafeelslonelywhileenjoyingthetasteoffood.D.Bettythinkseatingaloneishelpfultothinkquestions.（3）Wherecanwefindthetext？CA.Inapicturestory.B.Inatourbook.C.Inawebsite.D.Inanotice.【分析】本文主要呈現了人們對于一個人在餐廳吃飯是否會感到尷尬的評論。【解答】（1）細節理解題。根據表格三中Yes!IalwaysfeelnervouswhenIeatalone.Especiallywheneveryonearoundmeistalkingandlaughing.ItmakesmefeeldifferentandIdon'tlikethisfeeling.（會！當我一個人吃飯的時候，我總是感到緊張。尤其是當我周圍的人都在談笑的時候。這讓我感覺不一樣，我不喜歡這種感覺。）可知，喬丹一個人在餐廳吃飯時感到很尷尬。故選C。（2）細節理解題。根據表格一中Also，eatingaloneisagoodchancetothinkquestionsdeeply.（此外，獨自用餐是深入思考問題的好機會。）可知，貝蒂認為一個人吃飯有助于思考問題。故選D。（3）推理判斷題。根據第一段Doyoufeelembarrassed（尷尬的）whenyouareeatingintherestaurantalone？Hereareafewcomments（評論）.（當你一個人在餐廳吃飯時，你會感到尷尬嗎？以下是一些評論。）可推知，我們可以在網站上看到這篇文章。故選C。【點評】答閱讀題時，先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脈絡，然后在文章中找到對應的信息，再和選項作對比，得出正確答案。11．（8分）Britishpeopleareproudofthemselvesonbeingpolitetowardsothersinpublic.Theyoftenusetheword"sorry"﹣evenwhentheydon'treallymeanit!Forexample，ifsomeonewantstogotothehospital，hewouldstartbysaying"Sorrytobother（打擾）you.Doyouknowwherethenearesthospitalis？"Ifthey'refiveminuteslateforthemeeting，theywouldsay"Sorry，I'mlate!"Theyusetheword"sorry!"insomanydifferentsituations.Thetwomaindictionarydefinitionsof"sorry"are：①feelingsadforsomeoneelsebecauseoftheirproblemsorbadluck；②feelingregretful（后悔的）becauseyou'vedonesomethingwrong.Usually，whentheywanttoaskastrangeraquestion，theystartwith"I'mreallysorrytotroubleyou."Inthissituation，theyaren'tsayingsorrybecausetheyfeelsadforthatpersonorbecausetheyfeelregretful.▲Well，intheBritishculture，saying"sorry"meansawaytobepolite，especiallytopeoplewhotheydon'tknowverywell.It'salsoaverygoodwaytogetwhattheywant.Inthelatestresearch，scientistsfoundthatit'seasierforonetoborrowamobilephonefromstrangersbysaying"sorry".（1）Accordingtothepassage，weknowthatBritishpeopleareD.A.humorousB.strangeC.cleverD.polite（2）Theunderlinedword"definitions"inParagraph2probablymeansB.A.messagesB.meaningsC.purposesD.choices（3）Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinthe"▲"inParagraph3？AA.Sowhatdoes"sorry"reallymean？B.Dopeopleoftenusetheword"sorry"？C.WhenshouldBritishpeoplesay"sorry"？D.WhydoBritishpeoplesay"sorry"toothers？（4）WhenBritishpeopleaskastrangeraquestionbystartingwith"sorry"，theyC.A.aresadforthatpersonB.feelregretfulforwhattheydidC.maywanttogetwhattheywantD.wanttoknowmoreaboutotherpeople【分析】短文結合事例說明了"sorry"一詞的含義以及"sorry"在英國人日常生活中的應用情況。【解答】（1）細節理解題。根據第一段Britishpeopleareproudofthemselvesonbeingpolitetowardsothersinpublic.（英國人以在公共場合對他人彬彬有禮而自豪。）可知，我們知道英國人很有禮貌。故選D。（2）詞義猜測題。根據第二段Theyusetheword"sorry!"insomanydifferentsituations.Thetwomaindictionarydefinitionsof"sorry"are：①feelingsadforsomeoneelsebecauseoftheirproblemsorbadluck；②feelingregretful（后悔的）becauseyou'vedonesomethingwrong.（他們在很多不同的情況下使用"對不起！"這個詞。字典里對"對不起"的兩個主要含義是：①因為別人的問題或運氣不好而為別人感到難過；②因為做錯了什么而感到后悔。）可知，"definitions"意思是含義。故選B。（3）推理判斷題。根據第三段Well，intheBritishculture，saying"sorry"meansawaytobepolite，especiallytopeoplewhotheydon'tknowverywell.（嗯，在英國文化中，說"對不起"意味著一種禮貌，尤其是對那些不太了解的人。）可知，選項A那么"對不起"到底是什么意思呢？符合情境。故選A。（4）推理判斷題。根據最后一段Inthelatestresearch，scientistsfoundthatit'seasierforonetoborrowamobilephonefromstrangersbysaying"sorry".（在最新的研究中，科學家們發現，通過說"對不起"，向陌生人借手機更容易。）可知，當英國人問陌生人一個以"對不起"開頭的問題時，他們可能想得到他們想要的。故選C。【點評】通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。12．（8分）①Doyouknowthatouroceansarefilledwithrubbishlikeusedbottles？Theyarebadfortheoceanandmarineanimals（海洋生物）.Soscientistshaveinventedsomeusefultoolstoclearawaytherubbishintheocean.②Forexample，aFrenchcompanyhasinventedarobotcalledtheJellyfishbot.Thissmallrobotcollecteverythingitsees，includingoil.TheJellyfishbotcancleananareaofupto1，000squaremetersperhour.Ithasanetthatcanholdupto30litersofrubbish.③Formoreopenareas，amuchlargerrobotcalledtheInterceptorhasasimilarfunction（功能）.TheInterceptorlookslikeaboat.Itpicksuprubbishandputsitintoitssixbigrubbishbins.Oncetherubbishbinsarefull，theInterceptorwillsendamessagetotheoperator（操作員）.Theoperatoremptiestherubbishbinsandsendsrubbishtothelocalrubbishstation.④TheInterceptor'snamecomesfromtheword"intercept（攔截）"becauseitspurposeistostoprubbishbeforeitgetstotheocean.⑤Robotsareabletocleanuplotsofrubbishwithouthumancleaningupbyhand.Hopefully，theycanbeabigpartofwaystodowiththeoceanpollution.（1）HowdoesthewritertellthefunctionoftheJellyfishbot？BA.Bytellingastory.B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Byaskingaquestion.D.Bysettingbackground.（2）WhatdotheJellyfishbotandInterceptorhaveincommon？CA.Theyhavethesamesize.B.Theybothhavearubbishbin.C.Theycanhelpcollectrubbish.D.Bothofthemneedanoperator.（3）Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure（結構）ofthepassage？DA.①/②/③④⑤B.①②/③④/⑤C.①/②③/④⑤D.①/②③④/⑤（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage？CA.OceanandmarineanimalsB.AnewinventiontostudyoceansC.Rubbish﹣collectingrobotsD.Anewwaytostoppollution【分析】本文介紹了海洋中存在的垃圾對海洋和海洋動物的危害，以及科學家們發明的一些清理海洋垃圾的工具，如法國公司發明的Jellyfishbot和更大的Interceptor機器人。這些機器人能夠清理大量的垃圾，減少人工清理的負擔，希望它們能成為解決海洋污染的重要手段。【解答】（1）推理判斷題。根據第二段TheJellyfishbotcancleananareaofupto1，000squaremetersperhour.Ithasanetthatcanholdupto30litersofrubbish.（Jellyfishbot每小時可以清潔高達1000平方米的區域。它有一個網，可以容納30升垃圾。）可知作者通過列數字的方式講述水母機器人的功能，故選B。（2）細節理解題。根據第二段Ithasanetthatcanholdupto30litersofrubbish.（它有一個網，可以容納30升垃圾。）以及第三段Itpicksuprubbishandputsitintoitssixbigrubbishbins.（它把垃圾撿起來，放進六個大垃圾桶里。）可知Jellyfishbot和Interceptor都可以幫助收垃圾，故選C。（3）篇章結構題。根據第一段Doyouknowthatouroceansarefilledwithrubbishlikeusedbottles？Theyarebadfortheoceanandmarineanimals（海洋生物）.Soscientistshaveinventedsomeusefultoolstoclearawaytherubbishintheocean.（你知道嗎？我們的海洋里到處都是垃圾，比如用過的瓶子。它們對海洋和海洋動物有害。因此，科學家們發明了一些有用的工具來清除海洋中的垃圾。）可知第一段在引出下文。第二段，第三段和第四段分別舉例介紹了Jellyfishbot和更大的Interceptor機器人。以及最后一段Robotsareabletocleanuplotsofrubbishwithouthumancleaningupbyhand.Hopefully，theycanbeabigpartofwaystodowiththeoceanpollution.（機器人能夠清理大量的垃圾，而不需要人類用手清理。希望它們能成為解決海洋污染的重要方法。）可知最后一段在總結全文，可知文章結構為總﹣分﹣總，故選D。（4）標題歸納題。根據最后一段Robotsareabletocleanuplotsofrubbishwithouthumancleaningupbyhand.Hopefully，theycanbeabigpartofwaystodowiththeoceanpollution.（機器人能夠清理大量的垃圾，而不需要人類用手清理。希望它們能成為解決海洋污染的重要方法。）結合上文，可知本文主要介紹了科學家們發明的一些清理海洋垃圾的機器人，可知本文的標題應為"垃圾收集機器人"，故選C。【點評】首先通讀全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并選出中心句；最后要再次閱讀文章檢查，避免錯誤。13．（8分）LasttermItookabeginner'scourseinvideoart.Thecoursetaughtmeaboutthedevelopmentofmodernarts，andhowmediaworks.LaurenWoodsencouragedustomakevideos.Imadeoneaboutfood.Ibelievefoodisagoodwaytolearnmoreaboutculturaldifferencesandsocialtraditions，andtryingfoodisawayformetounderstandtheworldandmakefriends.Wealsolearnedaboutart.Once，ProfessorWoodsgaveuspaint，glueandcoloredpaper，andletusdowhateverwewantedtoinanemptyartroom.Atfirst，wejustdrewsomeflowersandanimalsonthewalls；however，later，wepouredpaintonthewallsandevenbrokethecoloredpaper.Thisexperienceshowedthatwhentherearenorules，peoplecanhavestrongdestructivepower（破壞力）.Ourfinalprojectwasshooting（拍攝）anartvideo.Ishotavideoofmyselflookingafteranegg.Ineededtowashtheeggandtalktoitevery15minutes.Idiscoveredmosttimeofmydailylifewereinterrupted（打斷）bydoingthis.Iwantedtousethisvideotoshowthedifficultiesofbeingamother，andencouragesocietytothinkofmotherhoodasarealjob.Inaword，thevideoartclassprovidedmewiththechancetolearnmoreaboutmodernartsinWesternsociety.ItwasthemostinterestingandcreativecourseItook.（1）Whatisthetheme（主題）oftheauthor'sfirstvideo？AA.Food.B.Culture.C.Art.D.Friendship.（2）Whatdoesthewriterthinkaboutthevideoartcourse？DA.Creativebutdifficult.B.Dangerousbutinteresting.C.Difficultanddangerous.D.Interestingandcreative.（3）Theunderlinedwords"doingthis"inParagraph4probablyreferto（指代）C.A.drawingsomeflowersB.shootinganartvideoC.lookingafteraneggD.beingamother（4）Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusthroughhis/herartvideo？DA.It'sboringtotakecareofanegg.B.Societyshouldpaymothersmorefortheirwork.C.Mothersshouldhaveabetterchancetogetjobs.D.Beingamotherisn'teasyandweshouldrespecther.【分析】這篇短文主要講述了作者參加了一門關于視頻藝術的初級課程。這門課程教授了現代藝術的發展以及媒體的運作。作者制作了一個關于食物的視頻，并認為食物是了解文化差異和社會傳統的好方法，嘗試不同的食物可以幫助作者了解世界并交朋友。課程還教授了藝術知識，作者在一個空的藝術室里用顏料、膠水和彩色紙自由創作，這個