2023年大學英語四級考試考前點題卷一[問答題]1.TheImportanceofSettingGoalsinLif（江南博哥）e提交答案[問答題]2.酒作為一種特殊的文化載體，在人類交往中占有獨特的地位。中國是酒的故鄉，酒和飲酒文化在中國的歷史中一直占據著重要地位。不同地區及場合的飲酒習俗和禮儀已成為中國人日常生活中的重要部分。在幾千年的文明史中，酒文化已經滲透到人類社會生活的各個領域，對人文生活、文學創作、飲食保健等方面都有著巨大的影響。提交答案共享題干題Bullyingisadistinctivepatternofharmingandhumiliatingothers.Thosewhoareinsomewaysmaller,weaker，youngerormore26_____thanthebullyoftenfallvictims.Bullyingisnotcommonaggression;itisadeliberateandrepeated27_____tocauseharmtoothersoflesserpower.Bulliesaremade，notborn，andithappensatanearlyage，ifthe28_____aggressionof2-year-oldsisn'thandledwell.Manystudiesshowthatbullieslackpro-socialbehavior，are29_____byanxiety，anddonotfeelempathyforothers'situations.Thosewhochronicallybullyhavestrainedrelationshipswithparentsandpeers.Bulliescouldn'texistwithoutvictims，andtheydon'tpickonjustanyone—those30_____outlackassertivenessandradiatefearlongbeforetheyeverencounterabully.Thepsychologicaldifficultiesvictimsexperiencedinchildhoodandadolescencemayproducenegative31_____wellintoadulthood.Unfortunately,parents，teachers，andotheradultsarenot32_____awareofhowwidespreadbullyingisandhowdamagingitcanbetopsychologicalhealth.Increasingly，childrenaregrowingupwithoutthekindsofexperiencesthatleadtothedevelopmentofsocialskills，andfreeplayhasbeenin33_____.Yet，it'sinplayingwithpeers，withoutadultmonitoring，thatchildren34_____theskillsthatmakethemweU-likedbyage-matesandlearnhowtosolvesocialproblems.Butchildrenlearnalotabout35_____theirsocialworldsbyseekingguidancefromtheirparents，sodiscussingwithyourchildrennormsandvaluesdoesmatter.[單選題]1.空白處26.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable[單選題]2.空白處27.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable[單選題]3.空白處28.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable[單選題]4.空白處29.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable[單選題]5.空白處30.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable[單選題]6.空白處31.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable[單選題]7.空白處32.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable[單選題]8.空白處33.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable[單選題]9.空白處34.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable[單選題]10.空白處35.應填A.acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable(A)AmongtheboutiquesinthecanaldistrictofAmsterdamisashoeshop，calledW-21，thathasaselectionofstylishfootwearinthewindow.Aselectgroupofcustomerswererecentlyinvitedtheretohavetheirfeetscannedbyalaser，andthentospend30secondswalkingonamodifiedtreadmillinaspecialpairofshoesstuffedwithaccelerometers，pressuregauges，thermometersandhygrometers.Allthisgeneratedawealthofdata，whichwasdisplayedonalargescreenalongwithamodelofhowthewalker'sfeetweremoving.(B)Fromthesedataanalgorithmdeterminedtheidealsolesforthecustomer'sshoes.Upstairs，acoupleof3Dprintersbeganhummingawaytomakethosesoles.Inabouttwohourstheywerereadytobefittedtoanewpairofshoes，uniquelytailoredtoeachperson'sfeet.(C)Somelevelofcustomisationisnothingnewforbuyersofapparel.Butthereisabigdifferencebetweenclothes，whicharerelativelystraightforwardtotailorandalter，andshoes，whicharesolidandcomposedoflotsofmaterialsthatrequiredifferentskillsandspecialequipmenttoproduce.Itispossibletoacquireorthopaedicandspecialistshoes，suchasskiboots，inwhichthesoleshavebeenshapedtosuitanindividual'sfeet.Completelytailor-madeshoesarealsoavailableifyouhavedeeppocketsandarepatient.Atthetopendofthemarket，JohnLobb，aLondonbootmakerestablishedin1866，willhappilyhand-stitchyouapairofOxfordbrogues(粗革厚底皮鞋)shapedaroundeverydimpleandbumpinyourfeet，buttheywillcost￡4,000($5,500)andmaytakesixmonthstodeliver.WhatwasgoingoninAmsterdamwasanexperimentbyECCO，alargeDanishshoebrandthatownsW-21，tobringbespokeshoemakingtothemass-markethighstreet.(D)Lobb，andfirmslikeit，makeshoesusingpatternscalledlasts.Thesearesolidblocksofwoodcarvedpreciselyintotheshapeofacustomer'sfeet.Thetimeandlabourrequiredtocreatetheselastsexplainthecostandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]11.Youneedtospendalargeamountofmoneyandwaitforalongtimetogetapairofhand-stitchedOxfordbroguesfromJohnLobb.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]12.NikeandAdidasnowoffercustomisedservices，butmainlytotopsportsmen.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]13.ECCO'smidsolesaremadebyGermanRepRap3DprinterswiththededicatedsiliconeoftheDowChemicalCompany.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]14.ItisfasterandcheapertogetDIS'handmadeOxfordsthanLobb'ssinceitsshoemakersuseexistinglastsinsteadofcreatingnewones.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]15.TheTotemTouchScreenmanufacturedbyDesignItalianShoesisanattempttorealizebespokeautomation.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunni