Unit8SectionALegalandMoralImplicationsofCloningAIRFORCEUNIVERSITYOFENGINEERINGFOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESS

Unit8SectionALegalandMo1Ourtopictodayis“Cloning”.Cloning,asitsnameimplies,isthegenetictermforproducinganexactcopyofananimalorplantbydevelopingartificiallyacellfromit.ButthebirthofDolly,amammalclone,islikesettingthecat

amongthepigeons.Lead-inOurtopictodayis“Cloning”.2BackgroundInformationDolly:

Dolly(July5,1996–February14,2003),aewe,wasthefirstmammaltohavebeensuccessfullyclonedfromanadultcell.

ShewasclonedattheRoslinInstituteintheUnitedKingdomandlivedthereuntilherdeathwhenshewas6.BackgroundInformationDolly:3IdahoGemTheworld'sfirstclonedmule,wasbornonMay4.Heisanidenticalgeneticcopyofhisbrother,achampionracingmulecalledTaz,andthefirstclonetobebornintheequinefamily.IdahoGemTheworld'sfirst4CcTheworld'sfirstclonedkitten,namedCc.ItwascreatedbyscientistsinTexasusingacelltakenfromanadulttortoiseshellfemale(seenextpicture).Thephoto,takenonDecember222001whenthekittenwassevenweeksold,wasmadepublicinFebruary2002.CcTheworld'sfirstclonedkit5Noel,Angel,Star,Joy,MaryFiveclonedpiglets,borninVirginia,USAonMarch52000.Theworld'sfirstclonedpigletswereproducedbyPPLTherapeuticsfromanadultsowusingaslightlydifferenttechniquefromtheonethatproducedDolly.Noel,Angel,Star,Joy,MaryFi6DNAdonor

Howisacloned

babyborn?BackgroundinformationDNAdonorHowisacloned

73.What’sthedifference?3.What’sthedifference?8Thecombinationofgenesisafundamentalbasisforhumanvariationanddiversity.Alloftheclonedchild'sgeneswouldcomefroma________.Thechildwouldbeageneticduplicateofthatexistingdonor.DNAdonorThecombinationofgenesisa9WhydidthebirthofDollybecomethefocusofworldopinion?Becauseitstoodforabigbreakthroughinthegeneticengineering;Becauseitbecamepossibletoclonehumanbeings;Becauseitwasadeformedproductofscience;TipsDiscussionWhydidthebirthofDollybec10DiscussionWhataretheprosandconsofcloning?DiscussionWhataretheprosan11PROS:Produceanimalswithdesirabletraits.Increasetheefficiencyofthelivestockproduction.Offsetlossesofamongendangeredspeciespopulations.Enablebetterresearchforfindingcurestomanydiseases.Providechildrenforparentswhowouldlikeachildbutcan'thaveoneforvariousreasons.Provideparentswithanopportunitytocloneachildwhohasdied.ReferencesPROS:References12CONS:Declineingeneticdiversity.Takingnatureintoourownhands.Religiousandmoralreasons.Physicalproblems,suchasbirthdefects.Possibilityofmentalandemotionalproblemsoftheclone.CONS:13WatchandDiscussDirections:

Watchthevideoandthendiscussthetopicsasfollows:Videowatching2.Howshouldweexploitthecloningmethodtothebestofhumanadvantages?1.Wouldyouliketobeclonedoncehumancloningbecomesareality?Whyorwhynot?KeyKeyWatchandDiscussDirections:V14新視野第二版第三冊課文幻燈ppt課件15BackWatch&Discuss(Open-ended)Iwouldchoosetobethefirstonetobecloned.Inthatcase,therewouldbenolimittomyenjoymentoflife.WhilemyclonewouldbeinchargeofwhateverIdislikebuthavetodo,suchashomeworkandwashing,IwouldbefreetodowhateverItaketo,liketravelingorplayingvideogames.IwouldalsotellhimtomakeanappointmentwithmyblinddatewhileIwouldactasanonlooker.FormoreButforme,acloneofmyselfwouldbringalotoftroubletomylife.Foronething,hewoulddeprivemeofpersonalexperiencewithlife,whichisofmuchhelptomygrowth.Foranother,hewouldrobmeofmyintimacywithmybelovedifhewouldtakecareoftheirlifeinsteadofme.Andworstofall,hewouldreflectuponmeoncehewoulddosomethingawful.Sothatisthelastthingformetodo.BackWatch&Discuss(Open-ended16FormoreBackWatch&DiscussCloningmustbeexploitedinalimitedway.Ontheonehand,afullerplayshouldbegiventoitspotentialswhichcanbringbenefitsorprofitstohumansocietyorhelpprovidewaystoensureabettersurvivalforhumanlives.Forexample,cloningcanhelpscientistsproducecopycowsthatmakemedicinesintheirmilk.

Ontheotherhand,acompletebanmustbeimposedonthereproductionofthehumanbeingswhoaremadeforfosteringhostilitytowardhumansocietyorservingashumanitykillingmachinesundertheswayofterrorists.Oncesuchabanwouldbeliftedforthosereadytobedeadlyenemytohumansocieties,humancloningwouldworkforourowndestruction.FormoreBackWatch&DiscussCl17StructureofTextStructureofText18Thispartisabouttheworld’sstrongandimmediateresponsesinthewakeofWilmut’sannouncement.Thispartofferscompleteorpartialanswers,fromtheup-to-dateknowledge,tothesixquestionsonthelegalandmoralimplicationsofcloning.Thispartisintendedtoreaffirmtheauthor’sopinionthat,althoughthelistofquestionscouldgoon,peoplebegintowonderaboutthefutureoftheworldaftercloning.Withthesuccessofcloninganadultmammal,theworldwassuddenlybroughtintotherealityofhumancloning.Para.1Para.2-3Para.4-18Para.19Thispartisabouttheworld’s19ReferenceWords:

beamazed;worried2.QuestionstoComprehensionQ:1)Howdidtheworldreacttothefirstsuccessfullyclonedsheep?(para.3)ReferenceWords:beamazed;wo20ReferenceWords:

cloneachild,transplantdonor,substitutefortheoriginal;clonethemselvesQ:2)Whatarethetwoboardcategorieshumancloningsituationsoftenfallinto?(para.5)ReferenceWords:cloneachild21ReferenceWords:

physicallyidentical;sharethesameenvironment,raisedinthesamefamilyQ:3)Accordingtotheauthor,whyaretwinsmorealikethanclones?(para.9)ReferenceWords:physicallyid22ReferenceWords:

increasethechances,tissuematchQ:4)Whydosomeparentswanttosavetheirfatallyillchildthroughcloning?(para.12)ReferenceWords:increasethe23ReferenceWords:

technology,couldberealizedQ:5)Couldclonedanimalsbeusedasorgandonors?(para.13)ReferenceWords:technology,c24ReferenceWords:

creation,newanddisrespectedsocialclassQ:6)Whatisthegravestconcernabouthumancloningforsociety?(para.18)ReferenceWords:creation,new25implication

n.

(Title)somethingthatissuggestedI.WordUsingIresentyourimplicationthatmyworkisnotsatisfactory.TranslationKey我討厭別人暗示我，說我的工作做得不好。implicationn.(Title)I.Word26Hewasjustplainstupidtogiveupthisopportunity.他放棄這個機會簡直是愚蠢至極。TranslationKey2.plainadv.

①usedtoemphasizeanadj.oradv.Hewasjustplainstupidtogi27

我們倡導過簡樸的生活。TranslationKeyThemeaningofthesentenceisplain.2.plainadj.

②clearlyvisible

③

simpleWeadvocateplainliving.

這句子的意思十分清楚。我們倡導過簡樸的生活。TranslationKeyT28

我必須坦白和你說。TranslationKeyImustbeplainwithyou.2.plainadj.

④

truthfulandfrank⑤notattractive;notprettyorgood-looking

這孩子相貌平平。Thekidhasaplainface.

我必須坦白和你說。TranslationKeyIm29經過五年的努力工作，他升職在望。TranslationKeyAfterfiveyears’hardwork,promotionseemedwithinhisreach.3.withinone’sreach

insidethedistancethatcanbetouched經過五年的努力工作，他升職在望。TranslationKey30我認為這種新產品會為公司帶來很多利潤。TranslationKeyIthinkthisnewproductwillgeneratealotofprofitsforthecompany.4.generatevt.

to

causesomethingtoexist;toproduce我認為這種新產品會為公司帶來很多利潤。Translation31價格降低后，銷售量就上去了。TranslationKeySalesweremountingafterpriceswerelowered.5.mountvi.

toincreaseinamountordegree價格降低后，銷售量就上去了。TranslationKeySa32地震過后，村子里沒有任何房子是完好無損的。TranslationKeyAftertheearthquake,nohouseremainedintactinthisvillage.6.intactadj.

completeandnotdamaged地震過后，村子里沒有任何房子是完好無損的。Translati33這些考試和去年的考試相同。TranslationKeyThetestsareidenticaltothosecarriedoutlastyear.7.beidenticalto/with

exactlythesameasWouldaclonedhumanbeidenticaltotheoriginal?Question這些考試和去年的考試相同。TranslationKeyThe34他長得不好看，不像他母親。TranslationKeyHewasnotbeautiful;hedidn’tresemblehismother.8.resemblevt.

tolookorbealikeesp.inappearance他長得不好看，不像他母親。TranslationKeyHe359.referto①refertosb.as…=call…as…②refer…tosb./sth.=direct…tosb./sth.forhelp③gotosb.orlookatsth.forinformation④mentionortalkaboutsb./sth.=mention+n./clause9.referto①refertosb.as369.refertoUseit①Whatwillyourefertocloningas?I’llrefertocloningas_________.②T:Completetheexercisewithoutlookingbacktothetext.S:Letmejustreferto_________.③Complaintsareusuallyreferredto________.9.refertoUseit①Whatwilly37目擊者說是故意縱火。TranslationKeyWitnessessaythatthefirewasdeliberate.10.deliberateadj.

doingsomethingonpurposee.g.Thespeechwasadeliberateattempttoembarrassthegovernment.目擊者說是故意縱火。TranslationKeyWitnes38He’sneverbeenparticularlyconcernedaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofhim.TranslationKey他從不在意別人怎么看他。11.beconcernedabout/over

togiveone’sattentionto;toworryaboutIsthereanythingyouconcernedaboutrecently?What’sit?QuestionHe’sneverbeenparticularlyc391.Thehumancloningsituationfallsintotwobroadcategories.2.Parentscouldclonea2ndchildwhoresembledtheir1stchild.3.Thedifferencesaresominorthatdetection

ofthembecomesveryhard.typeslookedlikediscoveryII.NewtoOld1.Thehumancloningsituation404.Theconcernisthedeliberatealteringofgenestocreatehumanbeings.5.TheEuropeans

debatedwhethertheunfamiliarinhabitantswerehuman.planneddiscussed

seriouslyplanneddiscussedseriously41implicationTheTheoryofRelativitygeneticengineeringintheoryguideline含義，暗示/牽連相對論基因工程理論上指導原則，準則III.EnglishtoChineseimplication含義，暗示/牽連III.Engli42thesplittingoftheatomunderthenameof…personalitycharacteristicsdraft(vt.)becomparableto/with原子分裂以······的名義個性草擬/征募,征召可與······相比原子分裂43givebirthtosucceedindoinginthewakeoffallintobedividedintobringintotheworldcomingafterachieve(vt.)IV.MatchingGamesgivebirthtobedividedintoI44avarietyofbreakapartcomeintolifegetaroundpuzzleoverbealive/vividovercomeallkindsofthinkhardaboutcomeapart新視野第二版第三冊課文幻燈ppt課件45transtranstranstranstranstrans-means“across,intoanotherplaceorstate”.Prefixplantatlanticformportmigratetoputintothegroundforgrowthoforaboutthe

AtlanticOceantogiveshapetotocarrytomovefromoneplacetoanotherV.WordBuildingtoremoveandplantinanotherplacebeyondorcrosstheAtlantictochangetheshapeorformtocarryfromoneplacetoanothertomovefromoneplacetoanothertranstrans-means“across,int46

DebateDebate47NoYesIshumancloneagoodthing?Watchthreemovieclipsaboutcloning,thendebateonthefollowingtopic.NoYesIshumancloneagoodthi48fightfataldiseasessavedyingrelativeshelpinfertilepeoplehavechildrencreategeniusextendhumanlifeenhancecivilizationcreatenewimmunesystems(免疫系統)groworgansandtissuesfortransplantsurgery(移植手術)IdeaSharing—DebateTipsfightfataldiseasesIdeaShar49denyhumanrightsreducevarietyofhumangenepoolunsafeabnormalitiesbirthdefectsashorterlifereligiousobjectionspsychologicalharmsdegradethequalityofparentingandfamilylifeIdeaSharing—DebatedenyhumanrightsIdeaSharing50IdeaSharingDebating1IdeaSharingDebating151IdeaSharingDebating2IdeaSharingDebating252IdeaSharingDebating3IdeaSharingDebating353StructuredWritingPracticalWritingStructuredWritingPractical54I.StructuredWriting1.StructureAnalysisListingInanessay,ageneralstatementorquestioncanbeansweredorexplainedby

alistoffacts,reasons,possibilitiesandideas.I.StructuredWriting1.Struct55①AListof

FactsTheperiod1986-1990witnessedgreatchangesinthedietoftheChinesepeople.Theconsumptionofgraindecreasedyearbyyear,whilethatofmilkandmeatshowedasteadyincrease.There’sclearlyamarkedshiftawayfromthetraditionalgrain-baseddiettoonecontainingmorehigh-energyfoodstuffs.2.SamplesParagraph①AListofFactsTheperiod1956①AListof

FactsThethree

changes

are:Grainconsumption_________;Milkandmeatconsumption_________;There’sa_______fromtraditionalgrain-baseddiettofoodstuffscontainingmorehigh-energy.decreasedincreasedshift①AListofFactsThethreecha57②

AListof

ReasonsBasketballispopularinmanycountries.Onereasonforthisisthatit’sinexpensive.Aballandahoopareallyouneed.Moreover,it’sexciting.There’salwayslotsofaction.Additionally,it’sahealthfulsportthatbothmenandwomencanplay.Furthermore,it’sbothanindoorandoutdoorgame.Inwarmcountriesthegameisplayedoutdoorsallyear.Incoldcountries,it’sawintergameplayedindoors.inexpensiveexcitinghealthfulsportbothanindoorandoutdoorgame②AListofReasonsBasketball58Eachyear,thelossoflivesandpropertycausedbyfloodstotalshundredsofbillionsofdollarsintheworld.Tosolvetheproblem,manhastopayattentiontotheprotectionofvegetation(植被).Sinceplantscanholdinplacethetopsoilwiththeirrootsandslowtheflowofwater,lesssoilwillbecarriedawayifvegetationiswellprotected.Besides,manmustlaystressonharnessingriversbydeepeningriverbeds,strengtheningriverbanksandchangingrivercourses.③AListof

PossibilitiesEachyear,thelossoflivesa59Alistofdifferentwaystocontrolfloodinclude:protectingvegetationandharnessingriversby_________riverbeds;____________riverbanksand___________rivercourses.deepeningstrengtheningchanging③AListof

PossibilitiesAlistofdifferentwaystoco60④AListof

Advantages