第一部分歷年真題2016年全國職稱英語等級考試理工類B級真題及詳解第1部分：詞匯選項（第1~15題，每題1分，共15分）下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個最接近的選項。第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16~22題，每題1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。TheTheoryofEverythingIfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanhisdoctorsexpected.Whenhewasacollegestudent,doctorsdiscoveredthathehadararedisease.Thisdiseasecausesagradualdisintegration(分解)ofthenervecellsinthebraincellsthatregulatevoluntarymuscleactivity.Deathalmostalwaysoccurswithintwoorthreeyears.TodayStephenHawkingcannotwalkorspeak.Hecannotmovehisarmsorhishead.Hecannottasteorsmellanything.AndyetthismanisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity,apositionheldbythefamousscientistIsaacNewtonin1669.HawkingisoftendescribedasthegreatestscientistsinceAlbertEinstein,buttotheworldoutsidescience,heisalsoknownasthemanwhomadescientifictheoryunderstandable.Hisbook,ABriefHistoryofTime,hassoldovereightmillioncopies.Hesaysthatsincehedoesnothavetothinkabouthisbodyordoanyofthethingsothermenhavetoworryabout,suchaswashingthecarorworkingintheyard,hecandedicateallofhistimetothinking.Thisputshimintheperfectpositiontofindtheanswertothequestionthathehasdedicatedhislifeto.Hisquestionis:Isthereacompletetheoryoftheuniverseandeverythinginit?Despitehistremendousphysicaldisabilities,hehasalreadymadesomeveryimportantdiscoveriesabouttheoriginoftheuniverse,howtheuniverseholdstogether,andhowitwillprobablyend.Hehasalsobeenabletoexplainthesecretsof“blackholes”inspace.Nowheislookingforasetofrulesthateverythinginouruniversemustobey.HecallsittheTheoryofEverything.Hethinksthatsomeonewillhavefoundtheanswerwithinthenext20years.IfStephenHawkingisabletofindhisTheoryofEverything,hewillhavegiventheworldtheopportunitytounderstandthingsthatwillchangethewholenatureofscienceandprobablyalsothewaywelive.16.StephenHawkingwillbe50yearsoldby2017.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned17.StephenHawkingsuffersfromararebraindisease.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned18.StephenHawkingisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned19.ABriefHistoryofTimeisverydifficultforstudentstounderstand.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned20.StephenHawkinghasmuchtimetothinkbecausehedoesn’thavetowork.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned21.StephenHawkinghasspentaroundtenyearsexplainingthesecretsof“blackholes”.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned22.TheTheoryofEverythingisabouttherulesthateverythingintheuniversefollows.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned【答案與解析】16.B 定位：根據關鍵詞50years和2017可定位至文章第一段第一句。點睛：原文第一段第一句明確提到“hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanhisdoctorsexpected”（他將比醫生預測的時間多活了50年）。由此可知，霍金并不是在2017年才50歲，因此本題說法是錯誤的。故選B項。17.A 定位：根據關鍵詞raredisease可定位至文章第一段第二、三句。點睛：原文第一段第三句明確提到“Thisdiseasecausesagradualdisintegration(分解)ofthenervecellsinthebraincellsthatregulatevoluntarymuscleactivity.”（該疾病導致調節肌肉自主活動的腦細胞內部的神經細胞逐漸分解）。由此可知本題說法是正確的，故本題選A。18.A 定位：根據關鍵詞“ProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity”可定位至文章第二段最后一句。點睛：原文第二段最后一句明確提到“thismanisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity”（他是劍橋大學數學教授）。由此可知本題說法是正確的，故本題選A。19.B 定位：根據關鍵詞“ABriefHistoryofTime”可定位至文章第三段。點睛：原文第三段明確提到“heisalsoknownasthemanwhomadescientifictheoryunderstandable.Hisbook,ABriefHistoryofTime,hassoldovereightmillioncopies.”（他因為能將科學理論闡述的通俗易懂而為人們所知。他的書，《時間簡史》已售出超過八百萬復印本）。因此本題說法是錯誤的。故選B項。20.A 定位：根據關鍵詞think和work可定位至文章第四段第一句。點睛：原文第四段第一句明確提到“hedoesnothavetothinkabouthisbodyordoanyofthethingsothermenhavetoworryabout,suchaswashingthecarorworkingintheyard,hecandedicateallofhistimetothinking.”（他不用考慮自己的身體或者像其他人一樣做任何需要擔憂的事，如洗車或者在院子里勞動，他可以將所有的時間都花在思考上）。由此可知本題說法是正確的，故本題選A。21.C 點睛：文中并未提到他花了十年時間解釋“黑洞”理論，故選C項。22.A 定位：根據關鍵詞“TheTheoryofEverything”可定位至文章第五段第三四句。點睛：原文第五段第三四句明確提到“heislookingforasetofrulesthateverythinginouruniversemustobey.HecallsittheTheoryofEverything.”（他正在尋找一套宇宙上所有事物都必須遵循的規則，他稱之為萬物理論）。由此可知本題說法是正確的，故本題選A。第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23~30題，每題1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2項測試任務：（1）第23~26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第1~4段每段選擇1個最佳標題：（2）第27~30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。Geothermal(地熱)Energy1.Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearth’scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface.Inthisway,ittransferstothenextlayerofrock.Ifthetemperatureishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma(巖漿).Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearth’ssurface.Itoftenremainswellbelowtheearth’ssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground.Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth’ssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring.However,ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable(不可滲透的)rock,itremainstrapped,formingageothermalreservoir.Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface,theycanbereachedbydrillingwells.Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants.2.Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-steamreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater.Inthesecases,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstillproducingelectricitytoday.3.Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither“flash”steamplantsorbinary(雙重的)plants.Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300°to700°Fahrenheit.Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir,it“flashes”orboilsintosteam.Again,theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity.Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir.Graduallytheywillbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain.4.Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300°Fahrenheitisnothotenoughtoflashsteambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinabinaryfluid.Thesteamfromthisisusedtopowertheturbines.Asintheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir.23.Paragraph1_____.24.Paragraph2_____.25.Paragraph3_____.26.Paragraph4_____.27.Ageothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunder_____.28.Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwith_____.29.Flashplantsproducehotwaterthrough_____.30.Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedinto_____.【答案與解析】23.C 本段主要介紹地熱能的產生過程，是由雨水流到地下，遇地熱變成熱水無法噴出而形成的。C項“地熱能的起源”與本段意思相符，故選C項。24.A 本段主要介紹利用干蒸汽發電的工廠。A項“干蒸汽發電廠”與本段意思相符，故選A項。25.E 本段主要介紹注水蒸汽發電站，現今最常見的就是注水發電和雙循環發電。E項“注水蒸汽發電站”與本段意思相符，故選E項。26.B 本段主要介紹低于300華氏度的水庫如何通過雙循環發電站來發電。B項“雙循環發電站”能很好地概括本段內容，故選B項。27.B 定位：根據關鍵詞trapped可定位至第一段倒數第三句。點睛：文章第一段倒數第三句提到，如果向上的熱水碰到不可滲透的巖石，就會被困住，形成地熱水庫。B項impermeablerock“不可滲透的巖石”與該句意思相符，故選B項。28.E 定位：根據題干定位至第二段第一句。點睛：文章第二段第一句提到，干蒸汽水庫產生的水量很少甚至沒有。E項littleornowater“很少或沒有水”與該句意思相符，故選E項。29.C 定位：根據題干定位至第三段第三句。點睛：文章第三段第三句提到，產生的水會通過一到兩個分離器。C項oneortwoseparators“一到兩個分離器”與該句意思相符，故選C項。30.A 定位：根據關鍵詞binary可定位至第四段第一二句話。點睛：文章第四段第一句提到，溫度不夠的水可以用在雙循環液體中，第二句話提到，這樣產生的蒸汽可以推動渦輪。A項theenergytoturnaturbine“推動渦輪的能量”與該句意思相符，故選A項。第4部分：閱讀理解（第31~45題，每題3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。第一篇 SmartWindowsWindowsnotonlyletlightintocutdownanelectricityuseforlighting,butthelightcomingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.However,windowsarenotsomethingpeopletypicallyassociatewithbeingacuttingedgetechnology.Researchersarenowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefromcleartodarkandanywhereinbetweeneasily.“Ittookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyis,”saysClaesGranqvist.He’saprofessorofsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityinSweden.“It’scontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell.”So,windowsandnaturallightareimportantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhenthey’restuckindoors.Yet,windowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenitcomestoenergyandtemperaturecontrol.Inthewinter,coldairleaksin.Whenit’shotandsunny,sunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsofheatandenergy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheirairconditioners.Producingcoldair,whichcanfeelsorefreshing(使人清新的),actuallysuckupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildingsaroundtheworld.Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchforalongtime.Overtheyears,scientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategiesforcoating,glazing(用玻璃覆蓋),andlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient.Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusesomechromogenic(發色的)technologieswhichinvolvechangesofcolor.Electrochromic(電致色的)windowsuseelectricitytochangecolor.Forexample,asheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersoftungstenoxide(氧化鎢)worksabitlikeabattery.Tungstenoxideisclearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremoved,thatis,whentheamountofvoltage(電壓)isdecreased,thewindowdarkensuntilit’scompletelydarkafterallelectricityistakenaway.Soapplyingavoltagedetermineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.Oneimportantfeaturethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortof“memory”.Allittakesisasmallshockofvoltagetoturnthewindowfromonestatetotheother.Then,itstaysthatway.Transitionstakefrom10secondstoafewminutes,dependingonthesizeofthewindow.Thedevelopmentofsmartwindowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerbeneeded.“Inthefuture,”Granqvistsays,“ourbuildingsmaylookdifferent.”31.WhichofthefollowingvaluesofwindowsisNOTmentioned?A.Theyletlightintobrightenthehouse.B.Theyletlightintoheatthehouse.C.Theyletushavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworld.D.Theyletusthinkabouttheoutsideworld.32.Theexpression“whenitcomesto”inParagraph3isusedto_____.A.signalthearrivalofaguestB.indicatetherecoveryofconsciousnessC.showourunderstandingofsomethingD.introduceanewaspectofatopic33.AccordingtoParagraph4,smartwindowsarethewindowsthat_____.A.arecoatedB.areglazedC.haveseverallayersD.canchangecolor34.Whichparagraphgivesanaccountofthewayelectrochromicwindowschanging?A.Paragraph5.B.Paragraph3.C.Paragraph4.D.Paragraph6.35.Asmartwindowsissmartmainlybecause_____.A.itcanchangeitssizeB.itcanchangeitsstructureC.itcanchangethevoltageofelectricityD.ithasasortofmemory【答案與解析】31.D 點睛：文章第一段第一句話提到窗戶可以讓光線進來，照亮房間，并提供熱量，由此可知A、B項正確。根據第二段第三、四句“It’scontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell.”可知，C項正確，故只有D項文中未提及。32.D 定位：根據關鍵詞“whenitcomesto”可定位至第三段第一句。點睛：文章前兩段介紹的是窗戶的三個作用。第三段開頭Yet表示轉折，開始介紹窗戶在能量和溫度控制方面的作用，所以whenitcomesto用來引入該話題的另一方面，故答案為D項。33.D 定位：根據題干可定位至第四段。點睛：根據文章第四段最后一句“Theyusesomechromogenic(發色的)technologiesinvolvingchangesofcolor”可知，智能窗戶可以改變顏色，故D項正確。避錯：選項A、B在該段第二句可以找到，但這并不是智能窗戶的特點。C項該段并未提及，故排除。34.A 定位：根據“electrochromicwindowschanging”可定位至第五段。點睛：第五段第一句話提到“Electrochromic(電致色的)windowsuseelectricitytochangecolor.”，接著對其進行舉例說明，解釋如何電致色窗戶如何改變顏色，故答案為A項。35.D 定位：根據題干可定位至第六段。點睛：根據該段第一句“Oneimportantfeaturethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortof“memory””可知，使得智能窗戶智能的一個重要特點是它擁有“記憶”，故答案為D項。避錯：A、B、C項文中均未提及。第二篇 SportsStarYaoMingIfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,heisalmostcertainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGames.Butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity(名氣).Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoaroundtheworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess(杰出的才能)alsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002NBAdraft(選拔),hewasthefirstinternationalplayerevertobeselectedfirst.Hisassetsonthecourtareclearenough—noNBAplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful(難對付的人)foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinChina.WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicswithastressfracture(骨折)inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudder(震動)spreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderabledebateanddiscussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,toofferhisoverburdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithTeamChina,YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseriesoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocess.WesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCM’sbenefitsalthoughnewresearchfromtheUniversityofRochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeedstimulatebonerepair.“ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,”YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing.“It’sbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.Idon’tthinkthatit’sshortonscience.”36.Theword“towering”inParagraph1means_____.A.largeB.fatC.tallD.great37.OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhis_____.A.mobilityB.assaultC.defenseD.celebrity38.YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecause_____.A.hisrightfoothadbeenhurtingB.hewantedtomakeamorerapidrecoveryC.thesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailureD.hecouldn’taffordallthemedicalexpenses39.WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrue?A.HemissedtheAthensOlympics.B.HeisanNBAplayer.C.Hefracturedhisleftfoot.D.Heisaninternationalfigure.40.Ingeneral,theWesternexperts’attitudetowardsTCMis_____.A.indifferentB.positiveC.negativeD.doubtful【答案與解析】36.C 點睛：文章第一段第一句提到了姚明是最高的。因此第二句中“towering”應該繼續指姚明在身高方面的記錄，因此本題選C項。towering聳立的；高大的。37.A 定位：根據關鍵詞opponents和difficulttocontrol定位到第三段第二句。點睛：根據第三段第二句中的“noNBAplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility”，可知，由于姚明身材高大且移動迅速，他很難對付。因此本題選A項。避錯：文章第二段提到了姚明的名氣，但是這并不是他很難對付的原因，因此D項不符合題意。B項和C項文中沒有提及，因此排除。38.B 定位：根據關鍵詞aseriesofTCMtreatment定位到最后兩段。點睛：根據倒數第二段第一句中的“hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocess”可知，姚明之所以接受中醫藥治療是為了快速恢復，因此本題選B項。避錯：文章第四段只提到了他的左腳受傷，并且提到了手術成功了，因此A項和C項明顯錯誤。D項文中沒有提及，因此排除。39.A 點睛：文章第一段第二句就介紹了姚明是NBA中最高的一名球員，因此B項表述正確。根據文章第二段可知，姚明名氣大，是國際商務的一個象征，因此D項與原文表述相符。文章第四段第一句提到了姚明左腳骨折，因此C項表述正確。第四段只提到姚明有可能錯過奧運會，并且根據第四段最后一句可知，這里指的是北京奧運會，因此A項表述明顯錯誤。因此本題選A項。40.D 定位：根據關鍵詞westernexperts’attitude和TCM定位到最后兩段。點睛：根據倒數第二段最后一句可知，“WesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCM’sbenefits”，skeptical意思為“懷疑的”，因此本題選D項。第三篇 CanYouHearThis?Whensomethingcreatesasoundwaveinaroomoranauditorium,listenershearthesoundwavedirectlyfromthesource.Theyalsohearthereflectionsasthesoundbouncesoffthewalls,floor,andceiling.Thesearecalledthereflectedwaveorreverberant(反射的)sound,whichcanbeheardevenafterthesoundisnolongercomingfromthesource.Thereverberationtimeofanauditoriumisdeterminedbythevolumeorinteriorsizeoftheauditorium.Itisalsodeterminedbyhowwellorhowpoorlythewalls,ceiling,floor,andcontentsoftheroom(includingthepeople)absorbsound.Thereisnoidealreverberationtime,becauseeachuseofanauditoriumcallsfordifferentreverberation.Speechneedstobeunderstoodclearly;thereforeroomsusedfortalkingmusthaveashortreverberationtime.Thefull-soundperformanceofmusicsuchasWagneroperasorMahlersymphoniesshouldhavealongreverberationtime.Thelight,rapidmusicalpassagesofBachorMozartneedareverberationtimesomewherebetween.Acousticproblemsoftenarecausedbypoorauditoriumdesign.Smooth,curvedreflectingsurfacescreatelargereflections.Parallel(平行的)wallsreflectsoundbackandforth,creatingarapid,repetitivepulsingeffect.Largepillars(柱)andcornerscancauseacousticshadowsasthesoundwavestrytopassaroundtheobject.Someoftheseproblemscanbesolvedbyusingabsorbersandreflectorstochangethereverberationtimeofaroom.Forexample,hanginglargereflectors,calledclouds,overtheperformerswillallowsomesoundfrequenciestoreflectandotherstopasstoachieveapleasingmixtureofsound.41.Thispassageismainlyabout_____.A.soundwavesandtheireffectsB.thetypesofmusicorchestrasplayC.wallsofanauditoriumD.thedesignofanauditorium42.WagneroperasandMahlersymphonieswithfull-soundeffecthave_____.A.ashortreverberationtimeB.anintermediatereverberationtimeC.noreverberationtimeD.alongreverberationtime43.Thispassagesuggeststhatagoodauditoriumshould_____.A.getridofallreflectionsB.nothaveabsorbersC.achieveapleasingmixtureofsoundD.havesmoothsurfaces44.Largepillarsandcornersmay_____.A.makesoundrichandfullB.becuresforsoundproblemsC.besourcesofsoundproblemsD.functionaseffectivelyasclouds45.Theword“acoustic”inthelastparagraphhassomethingtodowith_____.A.performanceB.soundC.audienceD.weather【答案與解析】41.D 點睛：文章第一段講的是混響聲，接下來提到禮堂中不同活動對混響聲的要求，最后一段講的是禮堂的設計對于混響聲的影響以及解決措施，綜上可知，文章主要是關于禮堂如何設計以達到好的混響聲效果，故答案為D項。避錯：其余選項均過于片面，偏離文章主題，故排除。42.D 定位：根據題干可定位至文章第二段倒數第二句。點睛：根據文章第二段倒數第二句“Thefull-soundperformanceofmusicsuchasWagneroperasorMahlersymphoniesshouldhavealongreverberationtime.”可知，它們都需要較長的混響時間，故答案為D項。43.C 點睛：根據原文第三段可知，禮堂設計不好會出現各種聲音的問題，并在最后一句中舉例“hanginglargereflectors…toachieveapleasingmixtureofsound.”因此好的禮堂能夠形成令人愉悅的聲音混合，故答案為C項。避錯：A、B、C項表述均與原文相反，故排除。44.C 定位：根據題干定位至最后一段第四句。點睛：最后一段前幾句都是舉例說明禮堂中一些不好的設計，其中第四句中提到“Largepillars(柱)andcornerscancauseacousticshadowsasthesoundwavestrytopassaroundtheobject.”，因此大的柱子和角落會形成聲波死角，對聲音效果產生影響，故答案為C項。避錯：其余三項都提到它會產生積極影響，與原文不符，故排除。45.B 定位：根據關鍵詞“acoustic”定位至最后一段。點睛：該段提到的是不好的禮堂設計會影響其內部的混響，因此會產生聲音問題，所以這里涉及的聲音的問題，acoustic“聲學的”，故答案為B項。第5部分：補全短文（第46~50題，每題2分，共10分）下面的短文有五處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌。WhatIsaDream?Forcenturies,peoplehavewonderedaboutthestrangethingsthattheydreamabout.Somepsychologistssaythatthisnighttimeactivityofthemindhasnospecialmeaning.Others,however,thinkthatdreamsareanimportantpartofourlives.Infact,manyexpertsbelievethatdreamscantellusaboutaperson’smindandemotions.Beforemoderntimes,manypeoplethoughtthatdreamscontainedmessagesfromGod.46  TheAustrianpsychologist,SigmundFreud,wasprobablythefirstpersontostudydreamsscientifically.Inhisfamousbook,TheInterpretationofDreams(1900),Freudwrotethatdreamsareanexpressionofaperson’swishes.Hebelievedthatdreamsallowpeopletoexpressthefeelings,thoughts,andfearsthattheyareafraidtoexpressinreallife.TheSwisspsychiatristCarlJungwasonceastudentofFreud’s.Jung,however,hadadifferentideaaboutdreams.Jungbelievedthatthepurposeofadreamwastocommunicateamessagetothedreamer.47  Forexample,peoplewhodreamaboutfallingmaylearnthattheyhavetoohighanopinionofthemselves.Ontheotherhand,peoplewhodreamaboutbeingheroesmaylearnthattheythinktoolittleofthemselves.Modern-daypsychologistscontinuetodeveloptheoriesaboutdreams.Forexample,psychologistWilliamDomhofffromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz,believesthatdreamsaretightlylinkedtoaperson’sdailylife,thoughts,andbehavior.48  Domhoffbelievesthatthereisaconnectionbetweendreamsandage.Hisresearchshowsthatchildrendonotdreamasmuchasadults.AccordingtoDomhoff,dreamingisamentalskillthatneedstimetodevelop.Hehasalsofoundalinkbetweendreamsandgender.Hisstudiesshowthatthedreamsofmenandwomenaredifferent.49  Thisisnottrueofwomen’sdreams.Domhofffoundthisgenderdifferenceinthedreamsofpeoplefrom11culturesaroundtheworld,includingbothmodernandtraditionalones.Candreamshelpusunderstandourselves?Psychologistscontinuetotrytoanswerthisquestionindifferentways.50  Thedreammayhavemeaning,butitdoesnotmeanthatsometerribleeventwillactuallytakeplace.It’simportanttorememberthattheworldofdreamsisnottherealworld.A.Forexample,thepeopleinmen’sdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.B.Menandwomendreamaboutdifferentthings.C.Acriminal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.D.However,onethingtheyagreeonis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,youshouldn’tpanic.E.Itwasonlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.F.Hethoughtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemselvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.【答案與解析】46.E 空格前一句講到在現代時期以前，很多人認為夢包含著來自上帝的旨意，而下一段開始講弗洛伊德是科學研究夢的第一人，E項起到承上啟下的作用，其中inascientificway與下文中scientifically相呼應。47.F 該段中提到Jung認為夢是為了告訴做夢者一些信息，之后又舉例說明夢見跌倒的人說明他們太自負，而做夢成為英雄的人則太低估自己。因此可以通過做夢來了解自己，F項與之意思相近，故為正確答案。48.C 心理學家WilliamDomhoff認為夢與一個人的日常生活、想法和行為密切相關。C項是對這一理論進行舉例說明，罪犯可能會夢到從事犯罪活動。故C項放在此處恰當。49.A 空格前提到他的研究表明男人和女人的夢不相同，而空格后則講“Thisisnottrueofwomen’sdreams”，由此可知空格處講的是關于男人的夢境，故應選A項。50.D 空格后面提到夢可能會有意義，但它并不意味著不好的事情真的要發生。D項中講到，如果你夢到可怕的事情，不要驚慌。與后面的句子連接緊密，語義相承接，故應選D項。第6部分：完形填空（第51~65題，每題1分，共15分）下面的短文有15處空白，請根據短文內容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。WarmerClimateWillBakeTropicalBugsGlobalwarmingcouldcooktropicalinsects,withunpredictableknock-oneffects,sayresearcherswhowarnthatrisingtemperaturesalso51  tropicalfrogsandlizards(蜥蜴).Temperaturesare52  toincreasemuchfasterintemperate(溫和的)andpolar(極地的)regionsthaninthetropics.Butno-onehadlookedathowwarmingwouldaffectinsectsandothercold-bloodedanimals53  hadevolvedintropicalregionswithlittletemperaturevariation.CurtisDeutschattheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngelesandcolleaguesanalyseddata54  insectsurvivalandreproductionfor38speciesindifferentecosystems(生態系統),andthenestimatedhowthesevalueswould55  withpredictionsofclimatechangeforthe21stcentury.Theteamfoundthatthereproductive56  oftropicalinsectstendstopeakveryclosetothetemperatureswheretheynormallylive,but57  sharplyathighertemperatures.Thismeansthatcrankingup(提高)theheatonlyasmallamountcanexertaheavytoll,leavinginsectsunabletoreproduce58  enoughtokeepuptheirnumbers.Temperateinsectsreproducewelloverabroaderrange,anddonotliveas59  totheirthermal(熱的)limit,sotheycanreproducesuccessfullywhentheirclimatewarmsmorethaninthetropics.“Tropicalinsectsdoverywellinanarrowbandoftemperatures,butmovethemabovethat60  andtheydie,”saysteammemberJoshTewksburyoftheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattle.Theheartofthe61  istemperaturetolerance.Temperate-zoneinsectshaveevolvedtosurvivethemuchbroadertemperaturesw