重慶市第八中學(xué)2023屆高考適應(yīng)性月考卷(八)英語注意事項:1.答題前,考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號、座位號在答題卡上填寫清楚。2.每小題選出答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。在試題卷上作答無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分150分,考試用時120分鐘。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whodoesthewomanthinkwillgetthepost?A.Anna.B.Jane.C.Rachel.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthenewplay?AStrange.B.Boring.C.Interesting.3.Whichhotelarethespeakersgoingtobook?A.TheWestgate.B.TheLaurel.C.TheCrown.4.Howwillthewomangototheshow?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaclassroom.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話,回答第6和第7小題。6.Whenwillthespeakersarriveattheparty?A.At7:30.B.At9:30.C.At10:30.7Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Preparesomefood.B.PhoneSylvia.C.Gototheirparents’house.聽下面一段對話,回答第8和第9小題。8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutingeneral?A.Afunnyholiday.B.Anewlymarriedcouple.C.Agreatweddingceremony.9.WheredidLisaaskHenrytomarryher?A.AtHenry’shouse.B.AtLisa’shouse.C.Onaship.聽下面一段對話,回答第10至第12小題。10.WhatdoesMikeaskSusantodo?A.Meetacustomer.B.Drivehimtotheairport.C.Makeanappointmentwithacustomer.11.WhyisMikeaskingforhelp?A.Heistoobusyathisoffice.B.Heneedstopickupacustomer.C.Hehasapersonalmattertodealwith.12.WhatprobablerelationisRebeccatoSusan?A.Hersecretary.B.Hersister.C.Hercustomer.聽下面一段對話,回答第13至第16小題。13.WhatsubjectisTowardtheWorldrelatedto?A.Geography.B.Politics.C.History.14.WhereisTowardtheWorld?A.Inthestudyroom.B.Inthereadingroom.C.Inthereserveroom.15.WhatdoweknowaboutTowardtheWorld?A.Itcanonlybeusedinthelibrary.B.Itmustbereturnedinafewdays.C.Itcanonlybeborrowedbyteachers.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Takealift.B.Walkupstairs.C.Leavethelibrary.聽下面一段獨白,回答第17至第20小題。17.Howlongdidthespeakerspendinmakingthedesk?A.Oneweek.B.Twomonths.C.Eighteenmonths.18.Wheredidthespeakeroriginallyplantoputthedesk?A.Inthesittingroom.B.Inthehall.C.Inthebedroom.19.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetobeginners?A.Useelectrictools.B.Developskillsfairlyquickly.C.Startwithsmallandsimplethings.20.Whatwilltheclassdonext?A.Makealist.B.Choosetools.C.Putupashelf.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。AFourMulticulturalCitiesNewYorkCityItisprobablynotallthatsurprisingtofindoutthattheBigAppleisoneofthemostglobalcitiesintheworld.Ithasthelargestpopulationofimmigrantsontheplanet.Over35%ofitsresidentsarebornoutsidetheUSA.Youcanhearover800languagesinNewYorkCitybeingspokenonadailybasis.Whichisthemostmulticulturaldistrictinthecity?Queensisthelargestandalsothemostmultiracialurbanareaintheworld!LondonLondonmaycomeinsecondplacebehindNewYorkCityforthepercentageoftheimmigrantpopulation.ButitiseasilythemostinternationalcityinallofEurope.Bangladeshis,Pakistanis,andIndiansareafewofthelargerimmigrantgroupsandawalkaroundthecitywilluncoverthattheyhavedefinitelybroughttheircultureswiththem.PeoplefromaroundtheworldaredrawntoLondonandover30%ofitsresidentsarebornoutsidetheUK.SingaporeThiscity-stateisnotjustthemainfinancialcenterofSoutheastAsia,butalsooneofthemostmulticulturalplacesontheplanet.Singaporehasfourofficiallanguages:MandarinChinese,English,Malay,andTamil.Itisalsoacenterforinternationalresidentsandtheircultures.So,youaresuretomeetlargecommunitiesofpermanentresidentswhoareforeign-born.SydneyFollowingWorldWarⅡ,Sydneysawahugeinflowofimmigrants.Thistrendhascontinuedintothepresentday,makingSydneyoneofthemostmulticulturalcitiesintheworld.AlthoughEnglishistheofficiallanguagespokeninSydney,thiscityishometomorethan250languages.ImmigrantsfromplacessuchasVietnam,India,andSouthAmericahavemadethiscitytheirhomeandbroughttheircultureswiththem.YouwillbespoiltforchoicewhenitcomestoSydney’sculturalvariety!1.Wherecanyoufindthelargestmultiracialdistrict?A.InSingapore. B.InSydney. C.InNewYorkCity. D.InLondon.2.WhatdoLondonandSingaporehaveincommon?A.Theyaresuitableforminoritiestoearnaliving.B.Theymakeittheirmissiontoattractimmigrants.C.Theybothhaveover30%foreign-bornpopulations.D.Theybothhavedifferentracesandculturesmixedtogether.3.WhatmakesSydneyoneofthemostmulticulturalcities?A.WorldWarⅡ. B.Immigration. C.Economy. D.Education.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了世界上四個擁有多元文化的城市。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NewYorkCity部分的“Whichisthemostmulticulturaldistrictinthecity?Queensisthelargestandalsothemostmultiracialurbanareaintheworld!(哪個區(qū)是城市中最多元文化的區(qū)？皇后區(qū)是世界上最大也是最多元種族的城區(qū)！)”可知,紐約市的皇后區(qū)是世界上文化最多樣化的城市區(qū)域。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)London部分的Bangladeshis,Pakistanis,andIndiansareafewofthelargerimmigrantgroupsandawalkaroundthecitywilluncoverthattheyhavedefinitelybroughttheircultureswiththem.(孟加拉國人、巴基斯坦人和印度人是其中一些較大的移民群體，在城市里四處走走就會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們肯定帶來了自己的文化。)”以及Singapore部分的“Itisalsoacenterforinternationalresidentsandtheircultures.(它也是國際居民及其文化的中心。)”可知，這兩座城市都有不同種族和文化的交融。故選D。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sydney部分的“FollowingWorldWarII,Sydneysawahugeinflowofimmigrants.Thistrendhascontinuedintothepresentday,makingSydneyoneofthemostmulticulturalcitiesintheworld.(第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后，悉尼出現(xiàn)了大量移民流入。這一趨勢一直延續(xù)到今天，使悉尼成為世界上最多元文化的城市之一。)”可知，自二戰(zhàn)后至今，大量移民涌入悉尼，移民潮使其成為一座擁有多元文化的城市。故選B。BMichaelFaradaywasanEnglishchemistandphysicistborninaworkingclasson22September1791.Faraday’sfathersufferedfromlong-termhealthproblemsthatoftenimpededhiswork.Asaresult,Faraday’sfamilyhadlittlemoneyandFaradaygotaverylittleformalschooling.ButFaradayhadanactivecuriosityanddeterminationtolearn.WhileworkinginLondonasateenager,hehadaccesstoawiderangeofbooksandhereadeverythinghecouldgethishandson.Bydoingalotofreading,Faradaysooneducatedhimselfonmanyscientificsubjects,andhislifeasascientistbegan.In1812,FaradayattendedfourlecturesattheRoyalInstitutiongivenbyafamouschemistnamedHumphreyDavy.AfterwardsFaradaysentalettertoDavy,expressingastronginterestinthesubjectscoveredinthelecturesandofferinghisservicesasalabassistant.Ayearlater,DavyacceptedFaradayashislabassistant.ThankstohisworkwithDavy,Faradaygotacompletescientificeducation.Hesoonbegantoresearchandexperimentswithelectricity.AlthoughhistimewasmostlyspenthelpingDavy,Faradaybegantoworkonhisownasachemistandscientistofgreatimportance.WhenDavyretiredin1827,FaradaytookhisplaceastheheadofthechemistrydepartmentoftheRoyalInstitute.Upontakingupthepositionhecouldfocusonhisownresearch,andFaraday’smostinfluentialandcelebratedworkbeganinthe1830s.In1831,hediscoveredelectromagneticinduction(電磁感應(yīng)),abreakthroughinthefieldoftechnology.In1846hegavealecturethatpresentedimportantideasaboutthenatureofelectricity,andtheselaterinspiredthehistoricalworkofJamesMaxwellrelatedtoelectromagneticfieldtheory.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impeded”inParagraph1mean?A.Stopped. B.Saved. C.Changed. D.Increased.5.WhatdoweknowaboutFaraday’steenagelife?A.Hedidn’tgotoschool. B.Helivedacarefreelife.C.Helearnedscienceonhisown. D.Hegotmuchhelpfromhisparents.6.WhydidFaradayofferhisservicestoDavy?A.Toearnmoremoney. B.ToshowrespectforDavy.C.TolearnmoreaboutDavy. D.Tolearnmoreaboutscience.7.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.ThehelpDavygavetoFaraday. B.TheturningpointinFaraday’slife.C.Faraday’sacademicachievement. D.Faraday’sinfluenceonJamesMaxwell.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了邁克爾·法拉第的家庭背景、學(xué)習(xí)和工作經(jīng)歷、科學(xué)成就等。【4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“Faraday’sfathersufferedfromlong-termhealthproblems”和下一句“Asaresult,Faraday’sfamilyhadlittlemoneyandFaradaygotaverylittleformalschooling.(因此，法拉第的家庭幾乎沒有錢，法拉第也很少接受正規(guī)教育。)”可知，法拉第的父親長期身體不好，家里沒有多少錢，法拉第也很少接受正規(guī)教育,由此可推測，身體原因影響了法拉第父親的工作，所以impede意為“妨礙，阻礙”，與stop意思相近。故選A項。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Bydoingalotofreading,Faradaysooneducatedhimselfonmanyscientificsubjects,andhislifeasascientistbegan.(通過大量閱讀，法拉第很快就自學(xué)了許多科學(xué)科目，他的科學(xué)家生涯開始了。)”可知，青少年時期的法拉第自學(xué)了科學(xué)方面的知識,。故選C項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“AfterwardsFaradaysentalettertoDavy,expressingastronginterestinthesubjectscoveredinthelecturesandofferinghisservicesasalabassistant.(之后，法拉第給戴維發(fā)了一封信，表達(dá)了他對講座中涉及的主題的濃厚興趣，并提供了實驗室助理的服務(wù)。)”可知，法拉第對戴維的講座非常感興趣，主動提出為他當(dāng)實驗室助理，由此可推測，他想要以一個學(xué)習(xí)者的身份提供幫助從而獲得學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)知識的機(jī)會。故選D項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Upontakingupthepositionhecouldfocusonhisownresearch,andFaraday’smostinfluentialandcelebratedworkbeganinthe1830s.In1831,hediscoveredelectromagneticinduction(電磁感應(yīng)),abreakthroughinthefieldoftechnology.In1846hegavealecturethatpresentedimportantideasaboutthenatureofelectricity,andtheselaterinspiredthehistoricalworkofJamesMaxwellrelatedtoelectromagneticfieldtheory.(上任后，他可以專注于自己的研究，法拉第最有影響力和最著名的工作始于19世紀(jì)30年代。1831年，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了電磁感應(yīng)，這是技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的一個突破。1846年，他發(fā)表了一次演講，提出了關(guān)于電的本質(zhì)的重要思想，這些思想后來啟發(fā)了詹姆斯·麥克斯韋與電磁場理論有關(guān)的歷史著作。)”可知，本段主要與法拉第的學(xué)術(shù)成就相關(guān)。故選C項。CHomegardensproducedeliciousfood.Butthat’snottheirmainvirtue.Imagineaplateholdingtwostrawberries,identicalinappearance.Onecomesoutofasupermarketbox,meaningitisprobablyharvestedwhenitisstillunripe,immediatelyplacedinaforced-aircoolingunitanddrivenhundredsofmiles.Bythetimeitreachestheplate,itmayhavebeenoffthevinefortwoweeks.Theotherstrawberryispickedfromagardenminutesbeforebeingeaten.Thefirstonewillprobablytastesourwithalightstrawberryflavor.Thesecondislikelytobesweet,andtheflavorwillremaininthemouth,asthesmellwillonthehands.Supermarketstrawberriesarenotentirelywithoutadvantages:theyareconvenientandavailablealmosteverywhere.Thesamecouldbesaidofcooking:affordableanddecentrestaurantsaround,sowhybothertomakeyourownmeals?Thatattitudemisunderstandsthefinalappealofgardening:itmistakestheproductforthepurpose.Itistruethatagarden,especiallyintheearlyyears,canbringlittlebutfrustration.Inexperiencedgardenersmayplantthewrongcropsfortheirsoil.Andevenexpertgardenerscanloseaseason’sharvesttouncooperativeweather.Nomatter.Therealjoyofgardeningisthetimespentdoingit.Thedeepestpleasure—aswithcooking,writing,oralmostanythingworthwhile—isintheworkitself.Agardener’smemoriescenternotonthefoodproduced,butonlongsummerafternoonswithhandsinthedirt,surroundedbyfamily,ifthegardenisathome,orenhancingrelationshipswithfriendsandneighborsinacommunitygarden.Togardenistopatiently,lovinglyanddiligentlyhelplifegrow,inthegroundandaboveit.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthesupermarketstrawberry?A.Itmaytastesour. B.Itischeaperthanthegardenone.C.Itispickedtwoweeksbeforeitisripe. D.Itlooksmoreattractivethanthegardenone.9.Whymightahomegardenharvestlittle?A.Becausethesoiliswet. B.Becausetheweatherisbad.C.Becausethegardenerlacksconfidence. D.Becausetheplantsgrowinthewrongseason.10.Gardeningissimilartocookingandwritinginthat__________.A.theyallencouragepatience B.theyallpromotefriendshipsC.theyallneedrichexperience D.theyallbringjoyintheprocess11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofgreenfood. B.Thebenefitsofhomegardening.C.Thetrendofmakingfoodathome. D.Thepleasureofwatchinglifegrow.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要敘述了家庭園藝的好處。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thefirstonewillprobablytastesourwithalightstrawberryflavor.(第一種可能會嘗起來酸酸的，帶有淡淡的草莓味。)”可知，超市的草莓可能發(fā)酸。故選A。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Andevenexpertgardenerscanloseaseason’sharvesttouncooperativeweather.(即使是專業(yè)的園丁也可能因為不合作的天氣而失去一個季節(jié)的收成。)”可知，天氣不好可能會導(dǎo)致失去一個季節(jié)的收成，由此可推測出，家庭菜園收成少可能是因為天氣不好。故選B。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thedeepestpleasure—aswithcooking,writing,oralmostanythingworthwhile—isintheworkitself.(與烹飪、寫作或幾乎任何有價值的事情一樣，最深的樂趣在于工作本身。)”可知，烹飪、寫作和園藝相似的一點在于：在做這件事的過程會帶來樂趣。故選D。11題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段“Homegardensproducedeliciousfood.Butthat’snottheirmainvirtue.(家庭菜園出產(chǎn)美味的食物。但這并不是它們的主要優(yōu)點。)”引出話題：家庭菜園有許多優(yōu)點。接下來具體講述了家庭園藝的好處：能生產(chǎn)出美味的食物、能帶來快樂、促進(jìn)人際關(guān)系等。由此可推測出，B項“家庭園藝的好處”最符合。故選B。DMilk,itcomesfromcows,right?Well,notallthemilkyouseeonsupermarketshelvesisfromcows.Thesedaysweseemanyplant-basedalternativestodairy,suchasoat,peaandsoyamilk.Butwhywouldsomeonestopdrinkingtheirfull-fat,semi-skimmedorskimmedcow’smilkandtradeitforoneofthese?Therearemanyreasonswhysomeonemighttryalternativemilks.Somepeoplebelievethealternativesarehealthierthanmilkfromcows.Thosewithlactose(乳糖)intoleranceorthinkingaboutbecomingveganmightstartdrinkingalternativemilks.Also,concernsabouttheimpactofdairyfarmingontheenvironmentcouldbeafactor.Whateverthereason,therearemanyalternativestodairyoutthereforustoconsume.Butwhatarethedifferencesbetweentheseotheroptionsandregularcow’smilk?Soyamilkisonecommonalternative.Accordingtosomesources,suchas,itcontainsasimilaramountofproteintoregularmilk.Itisalsolowerincaloriesthansomecow’smilk,whichcouldbegoodforthoseonadiet,andoftencomesstrengthenedwiththingslikecalciumandvariousvitamins.So,allgood?Well,soya,accordingto,isoneoftheninefoodswhichcausethemajorityofallergicreactions,suchaslactoseintoleranceandnutallergy.Almondmilkisalow-calorie,low-fatdrinkandisnaturallylactosefreeandhasaslightnuttytaste.Whenunsweetened,italsohaslowerlevelsofcarbohydratesandsugarsthansomedairyoptions.However,evenwhenstrengthened,itdoesn’tprovidethelevelsofproteinseeninsoyaorregularmilk.Thenthere’scoconutmilk,whichislowincaloriesandmayaffectpeoplewithlactoseintoleranceasmuchasotheroptions,butislackinginprotein.Whicheverplant-basedmilkyouchoose,therearepositivesandnegatives.Dieticiansagreethemostimportantthingisgettingahealthybalanceddietwhichwon’ttriggeranyallergiesandcomeswithallthemineralsandvitaminsyouneed.Andattheendoftheday,itmayjustcomedowntowhichoneyouthinktastesbetter.12.Whatisthepurposeofthequestionattheverybeginning?A.Tostateawrongbelief. B.Tointroducethemaintopic.C.Toexpressthewriter’sdoubt. D.Toaskforanimmediateanswer.13.Inwhataspectisthealternativemilkdifferentfromregularcowmilk?A.Farmingtechnology. B.Allergysymptoms.C.Weightcontrol. D.Tastepreferences.14.Whichmilkmightalactoseintolerancepersonprefer?A.Soyamilk. B.Almondmilk. C.Coconutmilk. D.Regularmilk.15.Whatdodieticianssuggest?A.Returningtocowmilk. B.Makinguseofalternativemilks.C.Calculatingmineralandvitamincontent. D.Combiningnutritionfactswithtastebuds.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章解釋了現(xiàn)在有些人會選擇用植物奶來代替牛奶的原因，并講述了植物奶的優(yōu)缺點以及營養(yǎng)師提出的建議。【12題詳解】目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Milk,itcomesfromcows,right?Well,notallthemilkyouseeonsupermarketshelvesisfromcows.Thesedaysweseemanyplant-basedalternativestodairy,suchasoat,peaandsoyamilk.(奶，它來自奶牛，對吧？嗯，并不是所有你在超市貨架上看到的奶都來自奶牛。如今，我們看到了許多以植物為基礎(chǔ)的替代乳制品，如燕麥、豌豆和豆?jié){。)”可知，作者開頭提出奶是否來自奶牛的問題，并給出回答說不是說有的奶都是從奶牛身上擠出來的，接著引出有以植物為基礎(chǔ)的替代乳制品。由此可推測出，作者在文章開頭提出問題是為了引出本文主要討論的話題——植物奶。故選B。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。第二段中的“Butwhatarethedifferencesbetweentheseotheroptionsandregularcow’smilk?(但是，這些其他選擇與普通牛奶之間有什么區(qū)別？)”詢問植物奶和普通牛奶的區(qū)別，接下來文章舉豆奶的例子進(jìn)行說明。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itisalsolowerincaloriesthansomecow’smilk,whichcouldbegoodforthoseonadiet,andoftencomesstrengthenedwiththingslikecalciumandvariousvitamins.(它的熱量也比一些牛奶低，這對那些節(jié)食的人有好處，而且經(jīng)常補(bǔ)充鈣和各種維生素等。)”可知，豆奶的熱量比牛奶低，這有利于減肥，由此可推測出，植物替代奶品和普通牛奶二者的不同之處在于體重控制。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Almondmilkisalow-calorie,low-fatdrinkandisnaturallylactosefreeandhasaslightnuttytaste.(杏仁奶是一種低熱量、低脂肪的飲料，天然不含乳糖，有輕微的堅果味。)”可知，杏仁奶不含乳糖，由此可推測出，乳糖不耐受的人更偏愛喝杏仁奶。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Dieticiansagreethemostimportantthingisgettingahealthybalanceddietwhichwon’ttriggeranyallergiesandcomeswithallthemineralsandvitaminsyouneed.Andattheendoftheday,itmayjustcomedowntowhichoneyouthinktastesbetter.(營養(yǎng)師們一致認(rèn)為，最重要的是獲得健康均衡的飲食，這種飲食不會引發(fā)任何過敏，并含有你需要的所有礦物質(zhì)和維生素。而最終，可能只是歸結(jié)為你認(rèn)為哪一種味道更好。)”可知，營養(yǎng)師們認(rèn)為選擇奶品的時候要考慮其是否健康均衡，含有必要的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)且不會造成過敏，而且還要考慮哪種味道好。由此可推測出，營養(yǎng)師建議要綜合考慮營養(yǎng)因素和口感。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項,選項中有兩項為多余選項。Creativitycanseemlikemagic.WelookatpeoplelikeSteveJobsandBobDylan,andweconcludethattheymustpossesssupernaturalpowers.___16___It’saskill.Anyonecanlearntobecreativeandtogetbetteratit.Asetoflessonshasemergedaboutwhatcreativityisandhowtoencourageitinourselvesandourwork.Let’sstartwiththehardestproblems.___17___Scientistshavebegunstudyinghowinsightoccurs.Theyhavefoundthatcertainfactorsmakepeoplemuchmorelikelytohaveaninsight,betterabletofindanswers.Forinstance,exposingparticipantstoashort,humorousvideobooststheaveragesuccessratebyabout20percent.___18___ItcanbeArchimedesinthebathtuborthephysicistRichardFeynmanscribblingequationsinastripclub.AsEinsteinoncedeclared,“Creativityiswhatisleftaftertimeiswasted.”Butthisraisesanobviousquestion:Ifdifferentkindsofcreativeproblemsbenefitfromdifferentkindsofcreativethinking,howcanweensurethatwe’rethinkingintherightwayattherighttime?Whenshouldwedaydreamandgoforarelaxingstroll,andwhenshouldwekeeponsketchingandtoyingwithpossibilities?___19___Scientistscallit“feelingsofknowing”,andtheyoccurwhenwesuspectthatwecanfindtheanswer,ifonlywekeeponthinking.SteveJobsfamouslydeclaredthat“Creativityisjustconnectingthings”.___20___Itcanbesatisfyingwhentheflamecatchesandanewideasweepsaroundtheworld.A.Butcreativityisnotmagic.BEverycreativestoryisdifferent.C.It’sjustamatterofgettingtheanswerout.D.Suchproblemsaretypicallysolvedinamomentofinsight.E.Actuallyhumanmindscanassesstherightkindofcreativity.F.Themostunbelievableconceptsarecombinationsofexistingstuff.G.Theyalsoexplainwhyamajorbreakthroughhappensintheunlikeliestplace.【答案】16.A17.D18.G19.E20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了什么是創(chuàng)造性以及如何激發(fā)創(chuàng)造性。【16題詳解】前文“WelookatpeoplelikeSteveJobsandBobDylan,andweconcludethattheymustpossesssupernaturalpowers.(我們觀察像史蒂夫·喬布斯和鮑勃·迪倫這樣的人，我們得出結(jié)論，他們一定擁有超自然的力量。)”提到像史蒂夫·喬布斯和鮑勃·迪倫這樣有創(chuàng)造力的人一定擁有超自然的力量，后文“It’saskill.(這是一種技能。)”講述了與前文不同的觀點，提到這是一種技能，由此可知，空處應(yīng)承上啟下，與前文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，并引出后文。A項“但創(chuàng)造力并不是魔法。”符合題意，后文中的It指代選項中的creativity。故選A。【17題詳解】前文“Let’sstartwiththehardestproblems.(讓我們從最難的問題開始。)”提到了問題，空處應(yīng)與問題有關(guān)，結(jié)合后文“Scientistshavebegunstudyinghowinsightoccurs.(科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)開始研究洞察力是如何產(chǎn)生的。)”提到的科學(xué)家在研究洞察力的產(chǎn)生可知，空處應(yīng)是說問題與洞察力的關(guān)系，D項“這樣的問題通常會在一瞬間的洞察力中得到解決。”承上啟下。故選D。【18題詳解】后文“ItcanbeArchimedesinthebathtuborthephysicistRichardFeynmanscribblingequationsinastripclub.(它可以是浴缸里的阿基米德，也可以是脫衣舞俱樂部里寫方程式的物理學(xué)家理查德·費曼。)”提到一些在非常規(guī)地方做出重大發(fā)現(xiàn)的例子，G項“他們還解釋了為什么重大突破會發(fā)生在最不可能的地方。”引出下文，且選項中的They指代上文中的科學(xué)家。故選G。【19題詳解】前文“Ifdifferentkindsofcreativeproblemsbenefitfromdifferentkindsofcreativethinking,howcanweensurethatwe’rethinkingintherightwayattherighttime?(如果不同類型的創(chuàng)造性問題受益于不同類型的創(chuàng)新思維，那我們?nèi)绾未_保我們在正確的時間以正確的方式思考？)”提出了問題：如何確保在正確的時間以正確的方式思考？這里應(yīng)回答前面的問題，E項“事實上，人類的頭腦可以評估正確的創(chuàng)造力。”符合題意，且選項中的therightkindofcreativity與前文中的thinkingintherightway相照應(yīng)。故選E。【20題詳解】前文“SteveJobsfamouslydeclaredthat‘Creativityisjustconnectingthings’.(史蒂夫·喬布斯曾說過一句著名的話：‘創(chuàng)造力就是連接事物’。)”講述了創(chuàng)造力就是連接事物，E項“最令人難以置信的概念是現(xiàn)有事物的組合。”承接上文，且選項中的combinationsofexistingstuff與前文中的connectingthings相照應(yīng)。故選F。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ThanksgivingDaywasnear.Thefirst-gradeteachergaveherclassafunassignment—todrawapictureofsomethingforwhichtheywere___21___.Mostoftheclassmightbeconsideredeconomicallydisadvantaged,butstillmanywould___22___theholidaywithturkeyandother___23___goodiesoftheseason.These,theteacherthought,wouldbethe___24___ofmostofherstudents’art.ButDouglasmadeadifferentkindof___25___.Hewastheteacher’struechildof___26___andunhappiness.Asotherchildrenplayedatbreaks,Douglaswouldstand___27___byherside.OnecouldonlyguessatthepainDouglasfeltbehindthose___28___eyes.Yes,hispicturewasdifferent.Whenaskedtodrawapictureofsomethingforwhichhewasthankful,hedrewa___29___.Nothingelse.Hisabstractimage____30____theimaginationofhispeers.Whosehandcoulditbe?Onechildguesseditwasthehandofafarmerbecausefarmers____31____turkeys.Anothersuggesteda(n)____32____becausethepoliceprotectandcareforpeople.Andsothediscussionwenton.Whenthechildrenhadgoneontootherassignments,theteacherpausedatDouglas’desk,____33____,andaskedhimwhosehanditwas.Thelittleboylookedawayandmuttered,”It’s____34____,Madame.“Sherecalledthetimesshehadtakenhishandandwalkedwithhimhereorthere.How____35____shesaid,“Takemyhand,Douglas,we’llgooutside.”or,“Letmeshowyouhowtoholdyourpencil.”or,“Let’sdothistogether.”Brushingasideatear,shewentonwithherwork.21.A.painful B.grateful C.beautiful D.wonderful22.A.skip B.remember C.celebrate D.mark23.A.traditional B.agricultural C.personal D.memorial24.A.subjects B.courses C.reasons D.comments25.A.character B.homework C.task D.picture26.A.surprise B.misery C.satisfaction D.joy27.A.far B.straight C.close D.out28.A.happy B.shiny C.sad D.broad29.A.teacher B.school C.figure D.hand30.A.inspired B.matched C.defeated D.prevented31.A.sell B.raise C.eat D.cook32.A.officer B.soldier C.official D.doctor33.A.sloweddown B.calmeddown C.tookdown D.bentdown34.A.mine B.hers C.yours D.his35.A.pleasantly B.normally C.soon D.often【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.B27.C28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.D34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。感恩節(jié)臨近，一年級老師要求學(xué)生們畫一幅關(guān)于自己感激的事物的畫，學(xué)生Douglas畫了一只老師的手，這讓老師非常感動。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這位一年級的老師給全班同學(xué)布置了一個有趣的作業(yè)，為他們感激的事物畫一幅畫。A.painful令人痛苦（或難過、難堪）的；B.grateful感激的；C.beautiful美麗的；D.wonderful精彩的。根據(jù)第四段中的“drawapictureofsomethingforwhichhewasthankful”可知，老師讓學(xué)生畫一幅關(guān)于自己感激的事物的畫，這里是thankful“感激的”的同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：班上的大多數(shù)人可能被認(rèn)為在經(jīng)濟(jì)上處于貧困地位，但仍有許多人會用火雞和其他當(dāng)季傳統(tǒng)美食來慶祝這個節(jié)日。A.skip略過；B.remember記得；C.celebrate慶祝；D.mark作記號。根據(jù)空后的“theholidaywithturkeyandother___3___goodiesoftheseason”可知，這里是說慶祝感恩節(jié)。故選C。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；B.agricultural農(nóng)業(yè)的；C.personal個人的；D.memorial紀(jì)念的，悼念的。根據(jù)and前的turkey可知，火雞是感恩節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)食物，結(jié)合空前的other，這里是說其他傳統(tǒng)美食。故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：老師認(rèn)為，這些將是她學(xué)生大部分藝術(shù)的主題。A.subjects主題，繪畫（或拍攝）題材；B.courses課程；C.reasons理由；D.comments評論。These指代前文中說的火雞和其他傳統(tǒng)美食，結(jié)合空后的“ofmostofherstudents’art”可知，老師認(rèn)為這些東西會是她大部分學(xué)生繪畫的主題。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但Douglas畫了一張不同的照片。A.character性格；B.homework家庭作業(yè)；C.task任務(wù)；D.picture畫。根據(jù)第四段中的“hispicture”可知，這里是說Douglas的畫，是picture的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選D。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他是老師名副其實的悲慘不幸的孩子。A.surprise驚訝；B.misery悲慘；C.satisfaction滿意；D.joy高興。根據(jù)空后的“andunhappiness”，這里應(yīng)用和unhappiness感情色彩一致的詞，表達(dá)的是悲慘和不幸。故選B。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)其他孩子在課間休息時玩耍時，Douglas會緊緊地站在她身邊。A.far遠(yuǎn)；B.straight筆直地；C.close接近地；D.out在外。根據(jù)空后的“byherside”可知，Douglas緊緊地站在老師身邊。故選C。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：人們只能猜測Douglas在那雙悲傷的眼睛背后所感受到的痛苦。A.happy高興的；B.shiny光亮的；C.sad悲傷的；D.broad寬闊的。根據(jù)句中的“thepainDouglasfelt”可知，這里是說Douglas的眼神悲傷。故選C。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)被要求為他感激的事物畫一幅畫時，他畫了一只手。A.teacher老師；B.school學(xué)校；C.figure人物；D.hand手。根據(jù)下文多次提到的hand可知，這里是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，Douglas畫了一只手。故選D。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的抽象畫激發(fā)了同齡人的想象力。A.inspired激發(fā)，引起聯(lián)想；B.matched相配；C.defeated打敗；D.prevented阻止。根據(jù)下文中的“Onechildguessed...”“Anothersuggested...”“thediscussionwenton”可知，這幅畫引發(fā)了許多學(xué)生去猜想和討論，所以是激發(fā)了同齡人的想象力。故選A。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個孩子猜是農(nóng)民的手，因為農(nóng)民養(yǎng)火雞。A.sell賣；B.raise飼養(yǎng)；C.eat吃；D.cook烹飪。根據(jù)句中的“farmers___11___turkeys”并結(jié)合常識可知，農(nóng)民飼養(yǎng)火雞。故選B。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：另一位表示是一名警官（的手），因為警察保護(hù)和照顧人們。A.officer警察；B.soldier士兵；C.official要員，官員；D.doctor醫(yī)生。根據(jù)句中的“thepolice”可知，這里是說一名警官，空處是police的同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A。【33題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)孩子們繼續(xù)做其他作業(yè)時，老師在Douglas的桌子旁停了下來，彎下腰，問他是誰的手。A.sloweddown（使）放慢；B.calmeddown（使）平靜；C.tookdown取下，拆掉；D.bentdown彎下身。這里是一連串動作，根據(jù)前后的“pausedatDouglas’desk”“askedhim”并結(jié)合常識，老師停在學(xué)生的書桌旁，問話時應(yīng)是彎下腰耐心詢問。故選D。【34題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：這是你的手，女士。A.mine我的；B.hers她的；C.yours你的；D.his他的。根據(jù)最后一段中的“shehadtakenhishand”可知，老師經(jīng)常牽著Douglas的手，所以Douglas畫了老師的手。故選C。【35題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她經(jīng)常說：“牽著我的手，Douglas，我們出去。”或者，“讓我教你怎么拿鉛筆。”或者“讓我們一起做吧。”A.pleasantly令人愉快地；B.normally正常地；C.soon很快；D.often經(jīng)常。根據(jù)上文“Sherecalledthetimesshehadtakenhishandandwalkedwithhimhereorthere.(她回憶起自己曾牽著他的手，與他四處散步的時候。)”可知，她不止一次牽著Douglas的手。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Qingmingis___36___occasionforChinesepeopletohonortheirlostfamilymembers.___37___(speak)ofQingming,afestivalinearlyAprilwithwarmtemperaturesandheavyrainfalls,itistherighttime___38___springsowing.Atthesametime,ChinesepeoplewillvisittombsoftheirancestorsaroundQingmingtopayrespectstothe___39___(death).Mostofthetimethewholefamilywillgotothetombswithofferings,cleanupweedsaroundthetombsandprayforfamilywellbeing.Qingming___40___(include)asaChinesepublicholidayin2008.Chinesepeoplecall___41___(they)thelatergenerationsoftheYanEmperorandYellowEmperor.AgrandceremonyisheldonQingmingeveryyeartoshowrespectfortheYellowEmperor,also___42___(know)astheXuanyuanEmperor.Onthisday,Chinesefromallove