ShestudiesinthesameschoolasherSheisn’tgoingtoworkinherbrother’sSheisn’tgoingtochangeherShenstomajorintaxQuestions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.CurrentissuesinChoicesfacedbyArecentbiologyTopicsforaresearchAscarcityofjobsintheirInadequatetraininginmethodsofbiologicalDifficultiesinclassifyingallofthevarietiesofAlackoffundingfortheirworkwithendangeredIthasnumeroustraitsincommonwiththespottedItspopulationisincreasinginrecentItmaynotsurvivewithoutspecialeffortsofItsroleinthechainofevolutionhasnotyetbeenexamined.Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.TraininggiventomusictheHowmusicpreventsStudiesonthebenefitsofHowmusicianscreateInceofphysicalTocontrolbrainTopreventheartTorelieveTheyliketohavemusicintheoperatingTheysolvedproblemsbetterwhilelisteningtomusictheyTheypreferredclassicalTheyperformedbetterwhentheyusedItincreasedthestudents’whitebloodItincreasedsomestudents’energyItimprovedthestudents’abilitytoymusicalItreleasedanaturalpainkillerinsomestudents’SectionBPassageOneQuestions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustShewasboredwithheridlelifeatShewasofferedagoodjobbyherShewantedtohelpwiththefamily’sHerfamilywouldliketoseehermoreinvolvedinsocialLookingafterherneighbour’sReadingpapersandwatchingTakinggoodcareofherJanegotangryatBill’sidleBillfailedtoadapttothenewBillblamedJaneforneglectingtheThechildrenwerenottakengoodcareNeighboursshouldhelpeachWomenshouldhavetheirownManandwifeshouldsharehouseholdParentsshouldtakegoodcareoftheirPassageQuestions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustTopredictnaturaldisastersthatcancausevastTolimitthedestructionthatnaturaldisastersmayTogainfinancialsupportfromtheUnitedToproposemeasurestoholdbacknaturalThereisstillalongwaytogobeforemancancontrolnaturalInternationalcooperationcanminimizethe ofnaturalTechnologycanhelpreducethedamagenaturaldisastersmayScientistscansuccessfullypredictTherewerefatalmistakesinitsThebuilderdidn’tobservethebuildingcodesoftheThetrafficloadwentbeyonditsItwasbuiltaccordingtolessstrict PassageQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustByjudgingtowhatextenttheycaneliminatetheByestimatingthepossiblelossoflivesandByestimatingthefrequencyofvolcanicByjudgingthepossiblerisksagainstthelikelyOneofEtna’srecenteruptionsmademanypeoplemoveEtna’sfrequenteruptionshaveruinedmostofthelocalEtna’seruptionsarefrequentbutusuallyTherearesignsthatEtnawilleruptagaininthenearTheywillremainwheretheyTheywillleavethisareaTheywillturntoexpertsforTheywillseekshelterinnearbySectionCertainphrasesonecommonlyhearsamongAmericanscapturetheirdevotiontoindividualism:”Doyourownthing.”“Ididitmyway.”“You’llhavetodecidethatforyourself.”“Youmadeyourbed,now(36) will.Lookoutfornumberone.”Closely withthevaluetheyceonindividualismistheimportance toprivacy.Americansassumethatpeople“needsometimetothemselves”or“sometimealone”tothinkaboutthingsorrecovertheir(39) psychologicalenergy.Americanshavegreat(40) understandingforeignerswhoalwayswanttobewithanother who(41) beingalone.Iftheparentscan(42) it,eachchildwillhavehisorherownbedroom.Havingone’s .Shewillhaveherclothes,hertoys,herbooks,andsoon.Thesethingswillbehersandnooneelse’s.Americansassumethat(45) .Doctors,lawyers,psychiatrists,othershaverules erning“ ity”thatareintendedtopreventinformationabouttheir alsituationsfrom ingknowntoothers.Americans’ .Whenthoseboundariesarccrossed,anAmerican’sbodywillvisiblystiffenandhismannerwill ecoolandaloof.2013年6月英語六級原文(第三套)M:Whatdoyouthinkof ernment’snewtaxcutW:Thoughitmaygivesomebenefittothepoor,tiskeycomponentistheeliminationoftaxondividends.Thatmeanstherichwillgetricher.Q:Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutthe ernment’staxcutpropsal?M:Jenny,rememberthis:ajob ngatallis ngW:Oh,yes,Icertainlywon’tforgetit.Butdon’texpectmetosticktothejobjustbecausetipaysafewmorebucks.Alifeofcontinuousexplorationisalifeworthliving.Q:Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?M:Ifoundthatoneofmyschoolmatesusesdrugs.HowcanIhelpW:Stayawayfromhim,son.Neverthinkthatyoucantalkhimoutofthehabitifheisaddicted.Bperhapsyoucantalktoyourteacheraboutthematter.Q:What’sthewoman’sadvicetoherson?W:Idon’tknowhowyoucaneatsomuchyetneverputonanyweight,son.Yourfather’sgotthesameluck.Ican’ttakeabitewithoutcalculatinghowmanycaloriesIamtaking.M:butrememberAuntlouise,Mom?Sheatealotandnevergainedapound.Q:Whoisworriedabortqainingweight?W:DidyouturnoffthelightsandcheckthelocksonalltheM:Yes,ItoldtheJohnsonsthatwe’dbegonefortwoweeks.Theypromisetokeepaneyeonthehouseforus.Q:Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtodo?M:Hurryup,Linda!Ihearthattherearenotmanyticketsleftforthefootballmatch.W:Ianreadynow,let’sgo.Itistheearlybirdthatcatchestheworm.Q:Whydidthemanaskthewomantohurryup?W:Didyouhearthattheconveniencestorenexttothegasstationwashelduplastnight?M:Yes,Ihearditontheradiothismorning.Q:Whathappenedtotheconveniencestore?M:Congratulations!Ijustheardaboutyouracceptanceinthelawschool.Doyouthinkyouwouldjoinyourbrother’sfirmaftergraduation?W:Notlikely.Heisataxlawyer,andIamgoingtomajorincriminallaw.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?長原文ConversationW:Hi,Bill,howisitM:Oh,hi,Jane.I’mOK.HowaboutW:Youcan ljustbylookingatme.I’mreallybusy.Hey,whatareyouM:Aprettyinterestingarticle.Mybiologyprofessorassignedit,andIthoughtIjustlookeditover.ButIgotreallyinvolvedinit.It’saboutendangeredspecies.W:Thatsoundsprettyinteresting.I’mgettingfrustratedwiththetworesearchpapersstrugglingwith.Andcanyoubelievetheyarebothdueonthesameday?M:That’stough.W:I’llgetthroughit.Sowhat’sthisyouareM:Well,it’sbasicallyaboutthechoicesconservationistsarefacedwith.Youknow,thesedayswhenfundingissohardtocomeby.W:Waitaminute.IsthefocusonbiologyorM:Both.Conservationistsdon’thaveenoughfundingtosaveeveryendangeredspeciesintheworld,sotheyhavetodecidebasedonwhatwouldbelostifaspeciesbecameextinct.W:CanyougivemeanexampleofwhatM:Takeforinstance,twoanimals,thespottedowlandthetailedtoad.Thearticlesaysthetoadisunique.Ithasnorelatives.Buttherearealotofvarietiesofowls.W:So,ifthattoadbecameextinct,we’dloseanimportantlinkinthechainofevolution,right?M:Exactly.Butthatisn’tsofortheowl.Soforconservationists,itmightbeaclearchoiceofwhichanimaltosave.W:Isee.IamgladIdon’thavetomakethatkindofdecision.Aren’tyou?Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.WhatarethespeakersWhatproblemsdoconservationistsWhatcanbeinferredabouttheConversationTwoM:Goodevening,dearaudience.I’mgladtocontinuethetopicaboutmusic.Itiscommonknowledgethatmusiccanhaveapowerfuleffectonouremotions.Infact,since1930s,musictheshavereliedonmusictosoothepatientsandhelpcontrolpain.Nowpsychologistsareconfirmingthatmusiccanalsohelprelievedepressionandimproveconcentration.W:That’snice.DotheyhaveanyM:Forinstance,inarecentstudy,15surgeonsweregivensomehighlystressedmathproblemstosolve.Theyweredividedintothreegroups:oneworkedinsilence;andinanother,thesurgeonslistenedtomusicoftheirchoiceonheadphones;thethirdlistenedtoclassicmusicchosenbytheresearchers.W:What’retheM:Theresultsofthestudymaysurpriseyou.Thedoctorswhogottochoosetheirmusicexperiencedlessstressandscoredbetterthantheothers.W:Thatissurprising.HowtoexinM:OnepossibleexnationisthatlisteningtomusicyoulikestimulatestheAlfa-waveinthebrain,increasestheheartrateandexpandsthebreathing.ThathelpstoreducestressandsharpenW:IsthereanyotherM:Yes.Otherresearchsuggestsasecondrelationbetweenthemusicandthebrain:byexaminingthestudents’bloodafterlisteningtoavarietyofclassicalmusiccollections,theresearchersfoundthatsomestudentsshowedalargeincreaseinachemicalsubstance,anaturalpainreliever,intheirblood,whichcanhelpsoothethepatient.W:Well,thankyousomuchforbeingwithustodayandhavingusknowaboutanotherfunctionofQuestions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustWhatisthetalkmainlyAccordingtothespeaker,howisthemusictherapycurrentlyusedinWhatdidthestudydonewithWhateffectdidmusichaveinthestudyofstudentsexposedtoclassicalPassagenBrownhasbeenmarriedfor12years.Shehas3children,andlivesinthesuburboutsideColumbus,Ohio.Whenheryoungestchildreachedschoolage,ndecidedtogobacktowork.Shefeltthatsheshouldcontributetothehouseholdfinances.Hersalarycanmakeadifferencebetweenthefinancialstrugglesandsecurefinancialsituationforherfamily.nalsofeltboredandfrustratedinherroleasahomemakerandwantedtobemoreinvolvedinlifeoutsideherhome.nwasworriedaboutherchildren’sadjustmenttothisnewsituation.Butshearrangedforthemtogostaywiththewomannearbyafterschooleachafternoon.Theyseemtobehappywiththearrangement.Theproblemseemstobebetweennandherhusband,Bill.Whennwasathomeallday,shewasabletocleanthehouse,gogroceryshop,washtheclothes,takecareofthechildrenandcook2or3mealseachday.Shewasverybusyofcourse.Butshesucceededingettingeverythingdone.Nowthesamethingsneedtobedone,butnhasonlyeveningsandearlymorningstodothem.BothnandBillaretiredwhentheyarrivehomeat6P.M.BillisaccustomedtosittingdownandreadingthepaperorwatchingTVuntildinnerisready.Thisisexactlywhatnfeelslikeng.ButsomeonehastofixthedinnerandBillexpectsittoben.nhas everyangryatBill’sattitude.Shefeelsthattheyshouldsharethehouseholdjobs.ButBillfeelsthateverythingshouldbethesameasitwasbeforenwentbacktowork.Questions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustWhydidnwanttogobacktoHowdidnspendherdaysbeforeshewentbacktoWhatproblemarosewhennwentbacktoWhatdoesthestorytrytolPassageThedecadefornaturaldisasterreductionisaprogramdesignedtoreducetheimpactofdisastersthroughouttheworld.WithsupportfromtheUnitedNations,countrieswillbeencouragedtoshareinformationaboutdisasterreduction.Forinstance,informationabouthowtonforandcopewithhurricanes,earthquakesandothernaturaldisasters.Oneofthemostimportantthingstheprogramnstodoistoremindusofwhatwecandotoprotectourselves.Forexample,wecanpackasuitcasewithflashlights,aradio,food,drinkingwaterandsometools.Thissafetymayhelpussurviveadisasteruntilhelparrives.Besides,theprogramwillencourageernmentstoestablishbuildingstandards,emergencyresponsens,andtrainingprograms,Thesemeasurescanhelptolimitthedestructionbynaturaldisasters.ThecomparativelymildeffectsofthenorthernCaliforniaearthquakein1989aregoodevidencethatwedohavethetechnologytopreventvastdestruction.Therecentdisasters,ontheotherhand,provethatpeoplewillsufferifwedon’tusethattechnology.WhenahighwaycollapsedinnorthernCalifornia,peoplewerekilledintheircars.Thehighwaywasnotbuiltaccordingtotoday’sstrictstandardstoresistearthquakes.Individualsandernmentshavetobefar-sighted.Weshouldtakeextratimeandspendextramoneytobuilddisastersafetyintoourlives.Althoughsuchaprogramcan’tholdbackthewindsorstopearthquakes,theycansavepeople’slivesandhomes.Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustWhatisthepurposeoftheprogrammentionedinthisWhatcanwelearnfromthenorthernCaliforniaearthquakeWhydidthehighwayinnorthernCaliforniaPassageLivingatthefootofoneoftheworld’smostactivevolcanoesmightnotappealtoyouatall.Butbelieveitornot,theareasurroundingMountEtnainItalyispackedwithpeople.Infact,itisthemostdenselypopulatedregiononthewholeislandofSicily.Thereasonisthatrichvolcanicsoilmakesthelandfantasticforforming.Bygrowingandsellingavarietyofcrops,localpeopleearnagoodliving.Forthem,theeconomicbenefittheyreapsurpassestheriskofdyingorlosingpropertyinoneofthevolcano’sfrequenteruptions.Peopleeverywheremakedecisionsaboutriskysituationsthisway.Thatis, paringtherisksandthebenefits.Accordingtotheexperts,thesideoftheriskdependsonbothitsprobabilityandseriousness.Let’stakeMountEtnaforexample.Itdoeseruptfrequently,butthoseeruptionsareusuallyminor.Sotheoverallriskforpeoplelivingnearbyisrelativelysmall.ButsupposeMountEtnaeruptedeveryday,orimaginethateacheruptiontherekillsthousandsofpeople.Ifthatwerethecase,theriskwouldbemuchlarger.Indeed,theriskwouldbetoolargeformanypeopletolivewith.Andtheywouldhavetomoveaway.Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustHowdopeoplemakedecisionsaboutriskyWhatdoweknowaboutMountEtnafromtheWhatwillpeoplelivingnearMountEtnadointhefaceofCertainphrasesonecommonlyhearsamongAmericanscapturetheirdevotiontoindividualism.”Doyouownthing?”“Ididitmyway.”“You’llhavetodecidethatforyourself?”“Youmadeyourbed,nowlieinit.”“Ifyoudon’tlookoutforyourself,nooneelsewill.”“Lookoutfornumberone.”Closelyassociatedwiththevaluetheyceonindividualism,istheimportanceAmerican’sassigntoprivacy.Americansassumethatpeopleneed