1?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialANSYS完整的電池仿真方案

2

電池開發(fā)中的挑戰(zhàn)?

費(fèi)用?

性能（能量密度及功率密度）?

耐用性和使用壽命（考慮在不同環(huán)境

和使用周期）?

安全性（考慮惡劣環(huán)境）?

復(fù)雜的多尺度、多物理場系統(tǒng)?

快速發(fā)展的材料和設(shè)計(jì)理念?

現(xiàn)有軟件工具不專業(yè)針對(duì)電池?zé)犭姺磻?yīng)流體

Molecular?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.

ParticleJune

26,

2015Electrode

ANSYS

ConfidentialCellPackVehicle3?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialICEBattery

C(log

scale)

4010Worst-caseambient100

Accelerated

degradationThermal

runawayAlloy

melting

熱管理是電池設(shè)計(jì)的核心工作之一

電池的性能和壽命都跟熱環(huán)境密切相關(guān)

減少電池內(nèi)部及電池之間的溫度差

Comparison

of

Thermal

Headroom

Exhaust

gas

1000小尺度大尺度4?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

Confidential完整的電池仿真方案

分子材料

模塊/包熱管理持久性NVHEMI/EMCECMCFDROMFEA

電池充電放電熱安全ECMCFDFEA

電極布局過程壽命SEIElectro-chemistry

系統(tǒng)集成系統(tǒng)集成ECMROM5?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

Confidential完整的鋰離子電池仿真方案6Fluent提供多尺度-多維度的電池模型：

Single-Potential

Empirical

Battery

Model

Dual-Potential

Multi-Scale

Multi-Dimensional

Battery

Model?

Equivalent-circuit

model

(ECM)?

Newman-Tiedemann-Gu-Kim

(NTGK)

model?

Newman

pseudo-two-dimensional

(P2D)

model?

ANSYS,

June

26,

2015?

2015

User

Inc.

Defined

Electrode

sub-model

ANSYS

Confidential?

1D

model

called

at

each

CFD

cell?

input:

Φ-,

Φ+,

T,

Cs

(X,

x,

r,

t0),

Ce(X,

x,

t0)?

output:

i,

q,

Cs,

Ce電化學(xué)反應(yīng)子模塊Φ-Φ+?

mesh:need

not

resolveelectrodelayers?

model:

non-isotropic

conductivities?

solve:

Φ-,

Φ+,

T?

extra

storage:

Cs

(X,

x,

r,

t),

Ce(X,

x,

t)有限體積法進(jìn)行熱分析XYZ多尺度-多維度的電池模型耦合Current

(A)7?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

Confidential-110-30-50-70-90-10

0200400600800100012001400Time

(s)

P2D電化學(xué)反應(yīng)模型-單體電池503010ECM等效電路模型

–單體電池Testing

Simulation

Battery

Equivalent

Circuit

Model

(ECM)

8

?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.

June

26,

2015

ANSYS

ConfidentialX.

Hu,

L.

Collins,

S.

Stanton,

S.

Jiang,

"A

Model

Parameter

Identification

Method

for

Battery

Applications",

SAE

2013-01-1529.?

28

cells

are

connected

in

amodule?

4

modules

are

connectedECM等效電路模型

–電池模塊/包

to

the

final

configuration

Simulation

Results

Battery

Pack

ECM

9

?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.

June

26,

2015

ANSYS

ConfidentialX.

Hu,

L.

Collins,

S.

Stanton,

S.

Jiang,

"A

Model

Parameter

Identification

Method

for

Battery

Applications",

SAE

2013-01-1529.10?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialECM等效電路模型

–電池模塊/包

ECM

Extraction

Toolkit

Voc

vs.

SOC

Pulse

Discharge11

?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.

June

26,

2015

ANSYS

ConfidentialX.

Hu,

L.

Collins,

S.

Stanton,

S.

Jiang,

"A

Model

Parameter

Identification

Method

for

Battery

Applications",

SAE

2013-01-1529.ECM等效電路模型

–電池模塊/包ECM

Extraction

ToolkitECM

ModelWorkflow12?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialCFD模型-電池模塊Temperature

DistributionTemperature

and

PathlinesTemperature

DistributionTemperature

Distribution13?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialROM模型-提高熱仿真效率

CFD作為通用熱分析方法，是非常精確的

但計(jì)算量巨大，難以用于系統(tǒng)分析

ROM(Reduced

Order

Model)

可以極大的

縮短計(jì)算時(shí)間

ROM(Reduced

Order

Model)

是進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)

分析的重要手段14?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

Confidential

ROM模型-電池模塊熱響應(yīng)方法1：熱網(wǎng)絡(luò)

?

結(jié)果需要進(jìn)行校核

?

精度受到一定影響Type

2:

LTI

–

state

space

?

結(jié)果不需要校核

?

精度跟CFD方法一致LTIttStepInputStepResponse115?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

Confidential–Use

Simplorer4.

Simulate

inside

Simplorer

SVD+LTI

ROM模型-電池冷卻分析流程

ANSYS

CFD1.

Create

the

Fluent

CFD

model2.

Generate

step

responses3.

Extract

SVD+LTI

ROM16?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

Confidential

SVD+LTI

ROM

案例:

GM

16個(gè)單體電池SVD+LTI

technology

allows

for

quick

temperature

distribution

calculationin

addition

to

average

temperature

calculation.Using

a

heat

source

from

GM,

SVD+LTI

ROM

is

applied

to

the

GM

16

cellcase.

Heat

source

used?

June

26,

2015

INDUSTRY

APPLICATIONS,

VOL.

47,

NO.ANSYS

Confidential17LTI

ROM

gives

the

same

results

as

CFD.

LTIROM

runs

in

less

than

2

seconds

whilethe

CFD

runs

2

hours

on

one

single

CPU.X.

Hu,

S.

Lin,

S.

Stanton,

W.

Lian,

“A

Foster

Network

Thermal

Model

for

HEV/EV

Battery

Modeling,”

IEEE

TRANSACTIONS

ON4,

JULY/AUGUST

2011X.

Hu,

S.

Lin,

S.

Stanton,

W.

Lian,

“A

State

Space

Thermal

Model

for

HEV/EV

Battery

Modeling",

SAE

2011-01-1364Heat

ProfileSVD+LTI

ROM

案例:

GM

16個(gè)單體電池18?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialCFD

(200

sec)

SVD+LTI

ROM

(200

sec)

CFD

(400

sec)SVD+LTI

ROM(400

sec)

CFD

(600

sec)SVD+LTI

ROM(600

sec)

CFD

(800

sec)SVD+LTI

ROM(800

sec)SVD+LTI

ROM案例

:

GM

16個(gè)單體電池CFDmeshsize3,025,067Numberofstepsinstepresponserun180SizeofmatrixA3,025,067×180NumberofsnapshotsusedforSVDcalculation180SVDcalculationtime4min50secSVDcalculationmemoryusage8.1GSVD+LTIROMextractiontime5minCFDvalidationsimulationtimeonsingleCPU5hrSVD+LTIROMsimulationtimeonthesamesingleCPUafewseconds19?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialSVD+LTI

ROM案例

:

GM

16個(gè)單體電池20ANSYS

ConfidentialROM模型-電池模塊熱分析

ROM

vs

CFD?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.

June

26,

2015ROM

for

the

Battery

Module21?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialSVD+LTI

ROM

案例驗(yàn)證CFD

(10

sec)

SVD+LTI

ROM

(10

sec)

CFD

(20

sec)SVD+LTI

ROM(20

sec)

CFD

(30

sec)SVD+LTI

ROM(30

sec)

CFD

(40

sec)SVD+LTI

ROM(40

sec)CFDmeshsize12,209,486Numberofstepsinstepresponserun120SizeofmatrixA12,209,486×120NumberofsnapshotsusedforSVDcalculation60SVDcalculationtime3minSVDcalculationmemoryusage18GSVD+LTIROMextractiontime5minCFDvalidationsimulationtimeonsixCPUs20hrSVD+LTIROMsimulationtimesingleCPUafewseconds22?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialSVD+LTI

ROM案例

:

GM

16個(gè)單體電池23?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

Confidential

ECM

耦合ROM

分析-

GM

電池模塊ECM

求解熱源并傳遞給ROM模型LTI

ROM

求解平均溫度并傳遞給ECM模型SVD+LTI

ROM

求解溫度分布24?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialECM

耦合ROM

分析-

GM

電池模塊

LTI

ROM

求解平均溫度

SVD+LTI

ROM

求解溫度分布場Average

TemperatureHeat

Source

for

One

Cell25?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialTemperature

calculated

from

CFD.

7

hr

simulation

time

with

6

CPUs.Temperature

calculated

from

SVD+LTI

ROM.

0.5

hr

simulation

time

with

1

CPU.

ECM

耦合ROM

分析-

GM

電池模塊溫度分布26?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

Confidential電池模塊/包–

Bus

Bar

Model

Electromagnetic

FEA

Analysis

for

Busbar

RLC

Network

Extraction27?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

Confidential完整電池仿真

Voc

=

-1.031*exp(-35*(abs(IBatt.V/Vinit)))+

3.685

+

0.2156*(abs(IBatt.V/Vinit))

-

0.1178*(abs(IBatt.V/Vinit))^2

+

0.3201*(abs(IBatt.V/Vinit))^3

+

0.3/30.0*(U1.Temp_block_1-273)28?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

Confidential電池結(jié)構(gòu)分析1.Vibration/NVH2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.Crush/Impact

TestDrop

TestDurability

analysisThermal

ShockOver/Under

Temperature

ProtectionWater

Intrusion

TestExternal

Short

Circuit

ProtectionOvercharge

Protection10.

Over

Discharge

Protection

Structural

Integrity

Thermal

and

Fluid

Flow

IntegrityElectrical

and

ElectronicsIntegrity11.

Fire

Resistance

–

Short/Long

DurationMajor

Global

Standards:

SAE

,

UN

38.3,

JIS,

FMVSS,

ECS29?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

Confidential定制化仿真流程30?

2015

ANSYS,

Inc.June

26,

2015ANSYS

ConfidentialSingle

stack16

stack

module

23

stack

moduleBase

Connectors最便捷的網(wǎng)格劃分方法

Create

more

manageable

subassemblies

Redu