2022年山西省臨汾市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)重點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

WhatkindoffoodareverypopularnowadaysinAmericanparties?

A.AsianFoods.

B.Variousdimsumdishes.

C.Swissmeatballs.

D.Californiasushirolls.

2.

Americanhighschoolstudentssinkalmosttothebottominasurveyofmathandscienceliteracybecausetoomanyofthehighschool______inAmericaarenotqualified.

3.

ThepracticeatImperialCollege,Londonprovesthatsomescientists'fearsoffocusingtoomuchcommunicationare______.

4.

AccordingtoJohnHallam,whoshouldberesponsiblefortheharmdonebyrobotsinthefuturewillnotbeso______asitisnow.

5.Stressislikelytostriketeenagedgirlswhenthey______.

A.haveanaggressiveandanti-socialmother

B.failtobuildasoundrelationshipwithpals

C.getintoanewschoolenvironment

D.failtopassanimportantschooltest

6.

Allexpertsarewillingtoacceptthedefinitionsofsymptomtermsaboutdruguseandaddictionproblemsmentionedinthearticle.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.Accordingtotheauthor,ifonechoosestotravelwithfewerpossessions,he______.

A.islikelytoenjoyhimselfmore

B.willbeabletotravelmuchcheaper

C.tendstobuyhomemorelocalspecialtyproducts

D.willprobablymakewiserpurchaseontheroad

8.

ThepeopleofSavannahofferedtosurrenderbecausetheydidnotwanttheircitytobesetonfire.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

Inparagraph10thephrase"fillin"isclosestinmeaningto"______".

10.

Afteryoukeyinthemaximumamountforanitem,eBaybidsforyouuntilthebiddingreachesthe_______________.

11.

Inthecaseofnegotiatingdivorce,anegotiatorisaskedtoconform.totheprincipleof______.

12.

Thedenialofwhathavehappenedoftencomefromtwosources—______.

13.

Qualifiedtechnologistswereinbadneedofinthefieldofelectronics.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Themajoraimoftheagreementmadeby284universitiesismerelytoreduceenergyconsumptionandwaste.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.Nowadaysemployersoftenaskquestionsdesignedto______.

A.findtheinterviewees'shortcomings

B.findthesolutionsofthecompany'sproblems

C.maketheintervieweesrealizetheyneedtolearnmore

D.discovermoreaboutintervieweeandthewaytheintervieweereacttodifferentsituations

16.Awedding-planningworkermaybethesourceofhiscolleague'sangerbecause______.

A.thelatterisjealousoftheformer'shappiness

B.thelatterhastodosomeoftheformer'swork

C.theformermayforcethelattertohelpwiththewedding

D.thelattertendstomakemistakesundertheformer'sinfluence

17.

Itis______totellprotectiveliesbecausefolksareconvincedthatthetruthwouldbetoodamaging.

18.GMOrganisms

Byfarthemostcommongeneticallymodified(GM)organismsarecropplants.Butthetechnologyhasnowbeenappliedtoalmostallformsoflife,form.petsthatglowunderUVlighttobacteriawhichfromHIV-blocking"livingcondoms"andfrompigsbearingspinach(菠菜)genestogoatsthatproducespidersilk.

GMtomatoesfirstappearedonBritishsupermarketshelvesin1996(adifferentfreshGMtomatofirstappearedintheUSin1994),butthattheconsumerswereinfavorofGMtechnologydidnoteruptuntilFebruary1999.ThiswasbecauseacontroversialstudysuggestedthatafewstrainsofGMpotatoesmightbetoxictolaboratoryrats.Thoseexperiments,subsequentlycriticizedbyotherexperts,werecarriedoutinScotlandbybiochemistArpadPustzai.

WhatfollowedwasaEuropeananti-GMfoodcampaignofnearreligiousfervor.SpearheadedintheUKbyenvironmentalgroupsandsomenewspapers,thecampaignwouldhavefar-reachingconsequences.Itculminatedinanunofficialmoratorium(延期付款)onthegrowthandimportofGMcropsinEuropeandledtoatradedisputewiththeUS.

GMcropsaretodayveryrareinEurope,strictlabelinglawsandregulationsareinplaceforfood(DNV=Abarcodes),andpublicopiniontowardsthetechnologyremainslargelynegative.SeveralUKgovernmentreportshaveofferedqualifiedsupportforGMcropsandproduce,thoughtheyarguethattheeconomicbenefitsofthetechnologyarecurrentlysmall.SomeAfricannationshavealsoopposedengineeredcrops,eventothepointofrejectinginternationalfoodaidcontainingthem.

GMproducehasbeentakenupwithfarlessfussintheUS(whereitdoesnothavetobelabeled),India,China,Canada,Argentina,Australiaandelsewhere.HowevercontroversyoveratypeofGMcorn--onlyapprovedforanimalfeed--whichturnedupintacoshellsandotherproductsstirredopinionintheUS.

BiotechRevolution

Thehumanracehasmethodicallyimprovedcropplantsthroughselectivebreedingformanythousandsofyears,butgeneticengineeringallowsthattime-consumingprocesstobeacceleratedandexotictraitsfromunrelatedspeciestobeintroduced.Butnoteveryoneagreesthisrepresentsprogress.

Therootofgeneticengineeringincropsliesinthe1997discoverythatsoilbugAgrobacteriumTumefacienscanbeusedasatooltoinjectpotentiallyusefulforeigngenesintoplants.Withthehelpofthatmicrobe,andothergene-implantationtechnologiessuchasgeneguns,geneticistshavedevelopedamultitudeofnewcroptypes.

Mostofthesearemodifiedtopest,diseaseorherbicideresistantandinclude:soya,wheat,corn(maize),oilseedrape(canola),cotton,sugarbeet,walnuts,potatoes,peanuts,squashes,tomatoes,tobacco,peas,sweetpeppers,lettuceandonions,amongothers.ThebacterialgeneBtisoneofthemostcommonlyinserted.Itproducesaninsecticidaltoxinthatisharmlesstopeople.

SupportersofGMtechnologyarguethatengineeredcrops--suchasvitaminA-boostedgoldenriceorprotein-enhancedpotatoes--canimprovenutrition,thatdrought--orsalt-resistantvarietiescanflourishinpoorconditionsandpreventworldhunger,andthatinsect-repellingcropsprotecttheenvironmentbyminimizingpesticideuse.

Otherplantshavebeenengineeredtoimproveflavour,increaseshelflife,increasehardinessandtobeallergen-free.Geneticistshaveevencreatedano-tearsoniontobanishculinary(廚房的)crying,andnovelcaffeine-freecoffeeplants.

"Frankenfood"Fears

Criticsfearthatwhattheycall"Frankensteinfoods"couldhaveunforeseen,adversehealtheffectsonconsumers,producingtoxicproteins(andallergens)ortransferringantibiotic-resistanceandothergenestohumangutbacteriatodamagingeffect.Buttherehasbeenlittleevidence

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Maglevtrainscanrunextremelyfastpartlybecausetheyarefreefromfrictionbyfloatingon______.

20.Olderpeoplewhomaintainactiverelationshipswiththeiradultchildrenhavelessstressbecausetheyhavesomeoneto______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B5】

22.【B1】

23.(29)

A.Itmayeasilygowrongandanyunsavedworkdisappears.

B.Itcrashesthecomputereasily.

C.Itmayattractthethunder.

D.Itconsumesmorepower.

24.

【B3】

25.(24)

A.Becauseshewantstostudyforatest.

B.Becauseshewantstogoswimmingatthestudentcenter.

C.Becauseshehastodoresearchinthelibrary.

D.Becausesheisnotinterestedintheman.

26.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Doyouknowhowtoadvertiseforabank?Ifyouaskpeopleaboutthefunctionsofabank,theywouldprobablysaythatthebankiswhereyoucandepositmoneyandcashacheck.Butit'smuchmorethanthese.Andwehavetotellpeoplethisinouradvertisement.

Thereareseveralthingstothinkaboutforabankadvertisement.(26)Thefirstproblemistodecidewhoshouldbeouraudience.Shouldouradvertisementbeaimedatadultswithfullemploymentonly?Orshoulditalsoappealtostudents,housewives,retiredworkers,orevenchildren?Itisagoodideatoaddressthelargestpossibleaudience.Ifweintroducethenameofourbanktochildrentheywillneverforgetit.

Thenextquestionishowtoattractpeopleofdifferentsocialgroupstoourbank.Theusualtipistoofferfreegifts,forexample,portableradiosorT-shirtsfortheyoungandgoldpensforbusinessexecutives.Thatalwaysworks.Butwhatdowegivetoourbestcustomers?That'sanotherquestion.Whataboutleatherdiaries,forexample?

Banksareverycompetitive.Wehavetothinkofsomethingnewtoofferourcustomers.That'sthethirdproblem.Oursisoneofthefirstbankstohavedrive-inserviceandtoopenonSaturdays,butnowmanybanksdo.Mostbanksalsoofferavarietyofcheckingandsavingaccountsandafullrangeofinvestmentplanstosuittheneedsoftheircustomers,aswellasthe24-hourATMbankingwhichmakesitmuchfasterandeasierforcustomerstowithdrawcashordootherthings.(27)Toattractmorecustomerstoourbank,itisessentialthatwehavesomethingthatnootherbankoffers.

(27)

A.Businessexecutives,housewivesandcollegestudents.

B.Parentsplanningfortheirchildren'seducation.

C.Adultswithorwithoutfullemployment,students,housewives,andretiredpeople.

D.Bestcustomersonly.

27.聽力原文：(32)Yourassignmentsthistermwillbetowritetwomajorresearchpapers．Oneofthemostimportantthingsaboutwritingaresearchpaperisgivingpropercreditofyourresourcesofinformation.Failuretodothisiscalledplagiarismwhichisaform.ofintellectualdishonesty.

(33)Plagiarismisakindofstealingoratleastanunauthorizedborrowingofsomeoneelse'sideas.Sometimesinexperiencedstudentswillplagiarizeunintentionally,andthenbesurprisedwhentheteacherwon'taccepttheirpapers,orgivesthemafailinggrade.

Thebestwaytoavoidanunintentionalplagiarizingistobeverycarefulingatheringyourinformation.Asyoutakenotesonbooksandmagazinearticlesaboutthetopicyou'veselected,firsttrytoassimilatetheinformationthoroughly.(34)Secondly,writeitdowninyourownwords.Thisiscalledparaphrasing.Ifyoudoagoodjobofparaphrasing,you'llcapturethemainideafromyoursourcewithoutactuallyusinganyphrasesfromit.(34)Mostofyournotesshouldprobablybeparaphrases.However,occasionallyyoumayfindsomethingyouwishtoquotedirectlyinyourresearchpaper.InthisCase,(35)besurethatyoucopythequotationpreciselyinyournotesandencloseitinquotationmarks.Thatwaywhenyou'refinalizingyourresearchpaper,you'llbeabletorememberwhichofyournotesaredirectquotesandwhichareyourownsummariesofthematerial.Youcanthenincorporatethemappropriatelyandgivetheoriginalauthorpropercredit.

(33)

A.Readingmagazinearticles.

B.Reviewingbookreports.

C.Writingresearchpapers.

D.Selectinginformationsources.

28.【B4】

29.(44)

30.(32)

A.Burningthemcompletely.

B.Keepingthemwheretheyare.

C.Changingthemintofertilizer.

D.Usingthemtocoverlawns.

31.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Indiansummerisashortperiodofextremelyfairweatherandmilddaysinautumn.ItcomesinlateOctoberorearlyNovemberwhiletheleavesarechangingcolorandfallingfromthetrees.Ithasnodefinitedayofbeginningorending.

Thepleasantwearerfollowstheautumn'sfirstperiodofcold,wintrydays.Thedaysbecomewarmerbutthenightsremainchilly.AnIndiansummermoonoftenhasasoftyellowororangehue.Indiansummerlastsfromaweektotendaysandsometimesfortwoweeks.Thenwinterstarts.Indiansummeriscausedbyalargemassofwarmtropicalair.Southwindscarrythesemassesnorthward.TheAmericanIndianenjoyedIndiansummerandcalleditagiftofafavoriteGod,Cautantowwit,thegodofthesouthwest.

(27)

A.AnIndiansummerbringswarmdaysandnights.

B.AnIndiansummeroccursonlyinOctober.

C.AnIndiansummerisanannualphenomenon.

D.AnIndiansummerlastsmanyweeks.

32.(35)

A.Farmers.B.Politicians.C.Accountants.D.Clerks.

33.

【B2】

34.聽力原文：W:Youmusthaveenjoyedusingyournewcameraonyourtrip.

M:Iwouldhave,butafterbuyinganewcameraespeciallyforthattrip,Ileftitinthecarwithmyfriendwhodrovemetotheairport.

Q:Whatdidthemansayabouthiscamera?

(16)

A.Heenjoyedusinghisnewcamera.

B.Helefthiscameraattheairport.

C.Helefthiscamerainhisfriend'scar.

D.Helosthiscameraonhistrip.

35.(28)

A.Mostspiderswillnotbiteevenwhenhandled.

B.Mostspidersarepoisonousanddangerous.

C.Mostspidersarelikelytoattackpeople.

D.Mostspidershavesharpeyes.

36.(16)

A.Heishappythathisparentsarecoming.

B.He'sthinkingaboutanumberofthings.

C.He'snotfeelingverywell.

D.He'slookingforanewapartment.

37.聽力原文：Manychildrenfirstlearnthevalueofmoneybyreceivinganallowance.Parentsoftengivetheirchildrenanamountofmoneythattheymayspendastheywish.Thepurposeistoletthechildrenlearnfromexperienceatanagewhenfinancialmistakesarenotverycostly.

Achildmayreceiveanallowanceeachweekoreachmonth.Theamountisnotsoimportant.Butparentsshouldmakeclearwhat,ifanything,thechildisexpectedtopayforwiththemoney.

Atfirst,youngchildrenmayspendalloftheirallowancesoonaftertheyreceiveit.Iftheydothis,theywilllearnthehardwaythatspendingmustbedonewithinabudget.Parentsshouldnotoffermoremoneyuntilthenextallowanceistobepaid.

Olderchildrenmayberesponsibleenoughtobudgetlargercostslikethoseforclothing.Theobjectistoshowyoungpeoplethatabudgetdemandschoicesbetweenspendingandsaving.

Andpayingchildrentodoextraworkaroundthehousecanbeuseful.Itcanevenprovideanunderstandingofhowabusinessworks.

Allowancesgivechildrenachancetoexperiencethethreethingstheycandowithmoney.Theycanshareitwithothers.Theycanspenditbybuyingthingstheywant.Ortheycansaveit.

Savinghelpschildrenunderstandthatcostlygoalsrequiresacrifice:youhavetocutcostsandplanforthefuture.

(33)

A.Toletthemlearnsomefinancialexperiences.

B.Toletthemlearnhowtosavemoney.

C.Toletthemlearnhowtobuygifts.

D.Toletthemlearnhowtoearnmoney.

38.(25)

A.Stayingmentallyhealthy.

B.Takingpartinmoresocialactivities.

C.Gainingmoreknowledgeaboutsociety.

D.Havingmorecontactswiththeoutsideworld.

39.聽力原文：W:Why,you'rebacksoearly!It'sjust10:30.

M:Ijustcouldnotfocusonthebooks.Iwassosleepyintheclassbecauselastnightthenoisefromtheconstructionsitenearourhousekeptmeawaketillmidnight.

Q:Whydidthemancomebacksoearly?

(17)

A.Theclassroomwasunderconstruction.

B.Hecouldn'tfocusontheclassduetothenoise.

C.Hefeltthathisstudyingwasnoteffective.

D.Hewentbacktogetthebookleftathome.

40.(34)

A.Venusistoohot.

B.Thereisnowaterthere.

C.Thereisnooil.

D.Itislackingincarbondioxide.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.WhatworriesmeaboutthestenchcomingfromCorporateAmericaisnotitsimpactontheeconomy,becauseAmerica'sresiliencyisawesome.Itisn'tthatscandalsmaybecausingthedollartosink,becausethegreenbackwasovervaluedanyway.NoramIconcernedthaterrantCEOswillescapepunishment,sincethefedsarefinallyonthecase.

No,whatbothersmemostissomethingnotsoeasilyfixed—theerosionoftheequality-basedculturethatemergedinrecentyears.

Giventheextentofcorporatemalfeasance,theonlywaytorestoreinvestors'confidenceisforbothCEOsandWashingtontopushsweepingreforms.MostofthenecessaryelementsarecontainedintheproposalscomingfromtheNewYorkStockExchange,theSecurities&ExchangeCommission,Congress,andvariousbusinessgroups.Herearesomekeyimperatives:

Regulateauditors.Anewoversightbodymustbeestablished,reportingtotheSEC.Itshouldsetauditingstandards,licenseauditor,andhavepowertopunishtransgressors.Toguaranteeitsindependenceandresources,itshouldbefundedbyeverypubliclylistedcompany.

RevampCEOcompensation.Themagnitudeofstockoptions—andthefactthattheywerenottreatedasacompanyexpense—gaveexcesstoomuchincentivetocutcomerstopumpupstockpricesintheshortterm.Inthefuture,optionsshouldnotbeexercisableforfiveyears,andnotunlesscompanyperformanceexceedstheS&P500.Theyshouldalsobechargedagainstcorporateincomewhentheyarecashedin.Betteryet,executivesshouldberewardedinstockthatmustbeheldforanumberofyearssoCEOscanwinandlosewiththerestoflong-termshareholders.

MakeCEOsandboardsaccountable.TheSECshouldendorsenationalguidelinesforallpubliclylistedcompaniesdoingbusinessintheU.S..Amongtheprovisions:CEOsandCFOsmustpersonallywarrantthatfinancialstatementspaintafullandaccuratepictureoftheircompanies'positions,includingcriticalunderlyingtrends.Notonlymustboardsbemoreindependentbutalsoaudit,compensation,andgovernancecommitteesoughttobeheldmoreclearlyaccountableforthebasicpoliciesofthecompaniestheyrepresent.

KeepuppressureonWallStreet.Amongthemostegregiousconflictsofinterest,analystshavebeenpressuredandpaidtorecommendstockssimplytocurryfavorwiththeissuingcompanies.Untilit'sclearerhoweffectivelyWallStreetwillpoliceitself,theSECshouldissuepublicprogressreportsoninvestmentbanks'movestoeliminateconflicts.

Modernizeaccounting.Accountingneedstodealwithaglobal,financiallycomplex,knowledge-basedeconomy,includingderivatives,off-balance-sheetassets,andintangibleassetssuchasresearch-and-developmentcapabilities.Thebestideasfromaroundtheworldmustbecombinedintoonehigh-gradesetofinternationalstandards.

Accordingtotheauthor,thestenchcomingfromCorporateAmericaimpact______.

A.theAmericaneconomy

B.thedollarvalue

C.theAmericanlegalsystem

D.investorconfidence

42.

Howshouldbook-sellersdo?

A.Theyshouldbothsufferforalongtimeandsatisfycustomers'wishes.

B.Theyshouldbothendureandindulgeforalongtime.

C.Theyshouldbebothtenderandlenient.

D.Theyshouldbebothpatientandkind.

43.

Itistruethat______.

A.everyoneisinterestedinscientificfindings

B.theaveragemanoftenusesinhisownvocabularywhatwasoncetechnicallanguagenotmeantforhim

C.aneducatedpersonwouldbeexpectedtoknowmosttechnicalterms

D.variousprofessionsandoccupationsofteninterchangetheirdialectsandjargons

44.

What'stheimpliedmeaningof"zerotoleranceforthebehavior.butnotzerocommonsensefortheconsequences"?

A.Theauthoritiesshouldnotonlybetoleranttowardsteenagemisdeedsbutalsoexertcautionaboutthepossiblenegativeresultsthepunishmentbrings.

B.Theauthoritiesshouldforgivetheteenagersfortheirmisbehaviorsandshowsympathytothem.

C.Theauthoritiesshouldshowtolerancetowardsmisbehavingteenagersandalsostudytheirmisdeeds.

D.Theauthoritiesshouldpunishthemisbehavingteenagersincasetheybreakrulesagain.

45.Whatwaspossiblyassumedabouthumansandthefruitflyinthepast?

A.Theywereequallycomplicatedintermsofgene.

B.Humansweremuchmoregeneticallycomplicatedthanthefruitfly,geneticallyspeaking.

C.Humansweretwiceascomplicatedasthefruitflyingene.

D.Thefruitflywaslessstablythanhumansinthestructureofgenes.

46.

AccordingtoConradC.Lautenbacher,Lahasthegreatestinfluenceonthe______ofthehurricanes.

A.frequencyB.intensityC.durationD.route

47.

【C10】

48.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage?

A.Crowshaverelativelylonglives.

B.Crowshavekeenvision.

C.Crowsareusuallysolitary.

D.Crowsareveryintelligent.

49.

AccordingtoPfunst'sexperiment,Hansmostprobablydidhisworkby______.

50.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Theclimateofearthhasfluctuatedquiteabitoverthelast4.6billionyearsofourplanet'shistoryanditcanbeexpectedthattheclimatewillcontinuetochange.Oneofthemostintriguingquestionsinearthscienceiswhethertheperiodsoficeagesareoverorarcwelivinginan"interglacial"periodoftimebetweeniceages?

ThegeologictimeperiodwearenowlivinginisknownastheHolocene(全新世).Thisepochbeganabout11,000yearsagowhichwastheendofthelastglacialperiodandtheendofthePleistocene(更新世)epoch.ThePleistocenewasanepochofcoolglacialandwarmerinterglacialperiodswhichbeganabout1.8millionyearsago.

Sincetheglacialperiodknownasthe"Wisconsin"inNorthAmericaand"Wrm'inEuropewhenover10millionsquaremiles(about27millionkm2)ofNorthAmerica,Asia,andEuropewerecoveredbyice,almostalloftheicesheetscoveringthelandandglaciersinthemountainshaveretreated.Today,abouttenpercentoftheearth'ssurfaceiscoveredbyice;96%ofthisiceislocatedinAntarcticaandGreenland.GlacialiceisalsopresentinsuchdiverseplacesasAlaska,Canada,NewZealand,Asia,andCalifornia.

Asonly11,000yearshaspassedsincethelastIceAge,scientistscannotbecertainthatweareindeedlivinginapost-glacialHoloceneepochinsteadofaninterglacialperiodofthePleistoceneandthusdueforanothericeageinthegeologicfuture.Somescientistsbelievethatanincreaseinglobaltemperature,aswearenowexperiencing,couldbeasignofanimpendingiceageandcouldactuallyincreasetheamountoficeontheearth'ssurface.

Thecold,dryairabovetheArcticandAntarcticacarrieslittlemoistureanddropslittlesnowontheregions.Anincreaseinglobaltemperaturecouldincreasethemountofmoistureintheairandincreasetheamountofsnowfall.Afteryearsofmoresnowfallthanmelting,thePolarRegionscouldaccumulatemoreice.

Anaccumulationoficewouldleadtoaloweringoftheleveloftheoceansandtherewouldbefurther,unanticipatedchangesintheglobalclimatesystemaswell.Ourshorthistoryonearthandourshorterrecordoftheclimatekeepsusfromfullyunderstandingtheimplicationsofglobalwarming.Withoutadoubt,anincreaseintheearth'stemperaturewillhavemajorconsequencesforalllifeonthisplanet.

Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HasthePleistoceneEpochEnded?

B.AnotherIceAgeintheGeologicFutureIsComing?

C.TheIceAges:AreTheyOver?

D.GlacialIceWillBePresentinDifferentPlaces?

51.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Accordingtoamuch-reportedsurveycarriedoutin2002,Britainthenhad4.3millionclosed-circuittelevisioncameras(CCTV)--oneforevery14peopleinthecountry.Thatfigurehassincebeenquestioned,butfewdoubtthatBritonsarecloselyobservedwhentheywalkinthestreets.Itissupposedtopreventanddetectcrime.Eventhegovernment'sstatistics,though,suggestthatthecamerashavedonelittletoreducetheworstsortofcriminalactivity,violence.

Thatmay,however,beabouttochange,andinanunexpectedway.Itisnotthatthecamerasandtheiroperatorswillbecomeanymoreeffective.Rather,theyhaveaccidentallygatheredahugebodyofdataonhowpeoplebehave,andparticularlyonhowtheybehaveinsituationswhereviolenceisintheair.Thismeansthathypotheses(臆測)aboutviolentbehavior.whichcouldnotbetestedexperimentallyforpracticalorethicalreasons,cannowbeexaminedinascientificway.Anditisthatwhichmayhelpviolencetobecontrolled.

OneresearcherwhoisinterestedinthisapproachisMarkLevine,asocialpsychologistatLancasterUniversityinBritainwhostudiescrowds.Crowdshaveabadpress.Theyhavebeenblamedforanti-socialbehavior.throughmechanismsthatincludepeerpressureandthediffusion(擴(kuò)散)ofresponsibility--theideathat"someoneelsewilldosomething,soIdon'thaveto".ButDr.Levinethinksthatcrowdscanalsodiffusepotentiallyviolentsituationsandthatcrimewouldbemuchhigherifitwerenotforcrowds.Ashetoldaseminarcalled"UnderstandingViolence",whichwasorganizedinSwitzerlandearlierthismonth,hehasbeenusingCCTVdatatoexaminethebystandereffect,aso-calledphenomenonwherebypeoplewhowouldhelpastrangerindistressiftheywerealone,failtodosointhepresenceofothers.Hisconclusionisthatitisn'tso.Infact,hethinks,havingacrowdaroundoftenmakesthingsbetter.

InBritain,thereare4.3millionclosed-circuittelevisioncameras,whichareusedto______.

52.

Whenthegrandchildrencame,whatisthefirstthingthatmyparentsdo?

53.

Aleadercanhardlymaintainhis/herpositionunlesshe/she______.

A.fulfils,allnecessaryqualityrequirements

B.helpspeopletopreventdefeatsandsorrows

C.failsCoattractpeoplewithcommonconcerns

D.lacksappealingandstrengthofcharacter

54.

Theword"returns"inParagraph3canbebestreplacedby"______."

A.returningjourneysB.profitsC.savingsD.investments

55.(61)

56.WhichstatementisTRUEaboutpopulationincrease?

A.Theremightbeanincreaseof2.2billionpersonsfrom1975totheyear2000.

B.About50,000babiesarebornannuallyatpresent.

C.Between8000B.C.andthepresent,thepopulationincreaseisabout80,000,000personseachyear.

D.Thepopulationincreasedfasterbetween8000B.C.and1650thanbetween1650andthepresent.

57.

【C4】

58.

WhichofthefollowingaboutRitalinisNOTtrue?

A.Iteffectivelycuresattention-deficitdisorderandnarcolepsy.

B.Itshouldbelegallyobtainedonprescription.

C.Ithelpstoimproveattentionandmemoryproblems.

D.Itmaypotentiallyleadtoaddictionproblems.

59.

Themainideaofthepassageisthat______.

A.richpeoplealwaystendtocommitsuicide

B.moneycanalwaysbringhappines