第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學年浙江省紹興市上虞區高二（上）期末英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AHongKonghasamongtheworld'sfinestdiningforvariousstylesoffood.Belowarefourmostwell-receivedrestaurantsamongtourists.

LungKingHeen

ItisoneofonlytwoCantoneserestaurantsinthecitythatarerated3stars.Theservice，foodanddiningatmosphereisamongthebestintheworld.YoumightreserveaVictoriaHarborviewthataffordsaseatat8pmfortheSymphonyofLights.

Priceperperson：1，200to2，000HKD

Lunch：MondaytoFridaynoonto2：30pm，Saturday，Sunday，publicholiday11：30am-2：30pm

Dinner：6pm-10pm

Address：4/FFourSeasons，8FinanceStreet

BoInnovation

BoInnovationissurprisingbecausethefoodisn'ttraditionalChinese，butitisrated3-Michelinstarshighlyforthecreativityaswellasforthedelicious，sometimesnovelflavors.

Priceperperson：above800HKD

Hours：Mon-Thunoon-3pm，6：30pm-midnight；Frinoon-3pm，6pm—midnight；Sat6pm-midnight，Sunclosed

Address：Shop8，1/F，ThePodium，JResidence，60JohnstonRoad，WanChai

HarvestRestaurant

HarvestRestauranthasapublicbeachfrontalltoitselfattheregion'snewestthemeparkcalledNoah'sArk.Itisaspecialtreatforchildrenandtourists.You'llfindanexcellentselectionofgoodqualityfood，excellentbuffet，goodviews，andarelativelylowdinnerprice.

Averagepriceperperson：MondaytoThursdayHKD380andFridaytoSundayHKD430.

Hours：8：00am-9：30pm

Address：33PakYanRoad，MaWanIsland

CapriceFrenchRestaurant

Capricestandsoutforanexcellentwindow-sideview，elegantsetting，andthebestqualityfood，wheretouristscanappreciatethecharmingsceneryofVictoriaHarbor.

Averagepriceperperson：HKD823

Hours：12pm-2：30pm（forlunch）and6pm-10：30pm（fordinner，andclosingtimeforlastorder）

Address：Floor6，FourSeasonsHotel，8FinancialStreet1.InwhichrestaurantscantouristsadmiretheviewofVictoriaHarbor？______A.BoInnovationandHarvestRestaurant.

B.LungKingHeenandHarvestRestaurant.

C.LungKingHeenandCapriceFrenchRestaurant.

D.CapriceFrenchRestaurantandHarvestRestaurant.2.Whatdothefourrestaurantshaveincommon？______A.TheyallopenonSaturdays.

B.Theyallhavereceived3stars.

C.Theyarelocatedinthesamestreets.

D.Theyallchargeabove400HKDperperson.3.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom？______A.Anencyclopedia. B.Atravelbrochure.

C.Aresearchreport. D.Ahealthwebsite.BAstheChinesesayinggoes，aseedcanchangetheworld；avarietycanbenefitanation.ZhangDaorong，whohasspentthelast26yearscultivating13newvarietiesofwheatandcontributingtonationalfoodsecurityefforts，hasdoneboth.

AftergraduatingfromtheHeilongjiangBayiAgriculturalUniversityinDaqing，Heilongjiangprovince，in1996，ZhanghasbeenworkingasaresearcherattheXiangyangAcademyofAgriculturalSciences，Hubeiprovince.Thoughtheworkingconditionsandincomesshereceivedatthatmomentwerenotsatisfying，sheploughedonanddevotedherselftotheresearchofwheatvarieties.

Agriculturalresearchworkwashardandcomplicated.Firstsheledhercolleaguestosuitableparentaltypesforaspecificcultivationpurpose.Then，theteamtriedahybridcombination.Afterseveralgenerationsoftrialandselection，andwhencharacteristicsremainedsteady，theybeganatwo-yearprocessofyieldtestinganddiseaseidentification.Afterseveralmoreroundsoftests，anapplicationforevaluationandapprovalwasmadetoprovincialornationalauthoritiesformarketproduction.

ThewheatvarietiesdevelopedbyZhangandhercolleagueshavebeengrownon2millionhectaresoffarmlandandhavegeneratednetprofitsofover100millionyuan.Oneofthemproduceslargeseedheadsandishighlyresistanttostriperust；anotherishighlyresistanttopre-harvestsprouting，whichresultsinadecreaseofthegrainyield.

Today，the50-year-old，knownasthe"motherofwheat"，stillworksontheland.Sheconsidersitherresponsibilitytoworkhardandcontributetofoodsafety，especiallywhenthedomesticandglobaleconomystillfaceheadwindsfromtheCOVID-19pandemic."Agriculturalresearchworkishardandcomplicated.Allwecandoisthinkmore，discussmore，askmorequestionsandfindanswersontheland."shesaid.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutZhangDaorong？______A.Herworkisimportantanddemanding.

B.ShegothighlypaidwhensheworkedinHubei.

C.Sheretiredafterbeingtitled"motherofwheat".

D.Herwheatvarietieshavehighproductionbutlowdiseaseresistance.5.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout？______A.WhatdifficultyZhangmetintheresearch.

B.HowZhangandherteamdidagriculturalresearch.

C.WhatcontributionsZhangmadetoChineseagriculture.

D.WhyZhangandherteamdevelopedahybridwheattype.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeZhangDaorong？______A.Generousandcaring. B.Determinedandhonest.

C.Responsibleanddevoted. D.Modestandknowledgeable.7.What'sthewritingpurposeofthepassage？______A.Tointroduceagreatscientist.

B.Toadvertisesomehigh-profitwheatvarieties.

C.Tostatetheimportanceofagriculturalresearch.

D.Toencourageyoungpeopletoworkonagriculture.COftenwhenImentionIhaveaPh.D.inphysicsandastronomy，theresponseIgetfrompeopleis"Oh，youmustbesosmart!"Ingeneral，peopletendtoassociatesciencewith"braininess".Itisusuallythewaysocietyseesscientistsversusnon-scientists.

SciencewriterKatArneyexploredthisissueinacolumnfortheRoyalSocietyofChemistry.Asshepointsout，thisseeminglyunbreakableassociationbetweenbraininessandscienceinfluenceschildren'sviewsoftheirfuture.Thosewhodonotseethemselvesasbeingamongthecleverestinclasswillautomaticallydiscounttheideaofacareerinascientificarea，eveniftheyfindscienceinterestinganddowellinthesubject.

Thisstereotype（刻板印象）affectsyounggirls.School-agedgirlsslightlyoutperformboysinmathandscience.However，mentakeupabiggeramountofpositionsatscience，fromundergraduatesciencemajorstoadministrativepositionswiththepowertohireandpromote.Inotherwords，themessageofbraininessmatchingscientificskillsisappliedmoreheavilytomenthantowomen.

Theproblemisfarworsewhenthemessageisusedtogeneralizeaboutgroups，especiallyrace.Whencombinedwiththeculturalbeliefthatonlythe"brainy"areworthyofscientifictraining，itbecomesaself-reinforcing（自我強化的）cycle.YouwillhearthatAfrican-Americanunder-representationinscienceisbecausetheyarenot"smart"enough.Infact，black-majorityschoolsareoftenunderfunded.Theylackteachers，suppliesandothernecessitiesforSTEMpreparation.Tomakemattersworse，theirstudentsarefacedwithdailychallengestotheirintelligenceforthosewhodoearnSTEMdegrees.

Thetruthis，noneofusarebornscientists.Weoftensay，"childrenarenaturalscientists."Whatwereallymeanisthattheyarenaturallycuriousandwillingtoexperimentinwaysadultsaregenerallytrainedoutof.Theyhavetobetaughttochannelthatcuriosityintoproductivepathways.Andwehavetodoalotbetteratnotreinforcingthemessagethatscientistsaresmarterthannon-scientistandthatonlythegeniusescandoscience.8.Whatisacommonlyheldbeliefofscientistsaccordingtotheauthor？______A.Childrenaretruescientists.

B.Menarebetterscientiststhanwomen.

C.Scientistsaresmarterthannon-scientists.

D.African-Americansareleastlikelytobescientists.9.Howdoesthestereotypeaffectyounggirls？______A.Schoolgirlscan'tperformwellinscienceandmaths.

B.Younggirlsarewillingtochooseacareerinascientificarea.

C.Younggirlstakeupasmallernumberofpositionsatscience.

D.Schoolgirlsseethemselvesasnotbeingamongthecleverestinclass.10.Apartfromthestereotype，whatmaypreventAfrican-Americansfrompursuingscience？______A.Theirlowintelligence.

B.Theself-reinforcingcycle.

C.Themajorityofblackstudentsintheirschools.

D.AlackofschoolresourcesforSTEMteaching.11.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthestereotype？______A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Neutral. D.Ambiguous.DTheoriginalBladeRunnerfilmtookplaceinanimaginedLosAngelesof2019，afuturisticcitywhereskieswerecrowdedwith"skimmers"：flyingcarsthatzippedalongaerialhighways.Sincethefilm's1982debut（首映），technologyhasadvancedinwaysthatHollywoodmightneverhavepredicted.

Flyingcarsmayseemfuturistic—butfromcommercialjetpackstopersonalairtaxis，theyarealreadyhere.Here'showtheycouldtransformthewaywecommute，workandlive.

WhiletheseaircraftmaynotlookexactlylikeBladeRunner'simaginings，theyarenotthatfaroff.Farsmallerthanacommercialplane，mostaredesignedwithrotors（螺旋槳）insteadofwings，whichallowforverticaltakeoffsandlandings.Mostimportantly，thesevehiclesaredesignedtoofferfastercommutesthantraditionalmodesoftransitforindividuals，especiallyintraffic-cloggedcities.

Atthemoment，theautonomousurbanaircraftmarketisstillabitofaWildWest.Dozensofstart-upcompaniesarecompetingtodevelopcommercialjetpacks，flyingmotorbikesandpersonalairtaxis.Meanwhile，aviationauthoritiesarecurrentlyhashingoutthepoliciesandsafetystandardsthatwillgovernthisnewfieldoftransport.

Volocopter，forinstance，hasmarketeditsVoloCitycraftasthefirstcommerciallylicensedelectricallypoweredairtaxi，avehiclewhichwilleventuallybeabletorunwithoutapilot."It'slikeanUberBlack，"saysFabienNestmann，vicepresidentofpublicaffairsatVolocopter.Initially，theVoloCitywillonlyhaveroomforasinglepassenger.Thatwillmeanahighercostperrideatfirst.Buteventually，thecompany'sgoalistomakethecostcompetitivewith，say，anUberBlack."Wedon'twantthistobeatoyforthewealthy，butratherpartofawell-integratedjourneyforanyoneinanurbanarea，"hesays.

Increasingnumbersofflyingcarswillnaturallygiverisetoachanginglayoutinthewayourcitiesarestructuredascitiesgrowtaller，rooftoplandingsexpandandairhighwaysconnectsupersky-scrapers，freeingupspacebelow.Fewercarsonthegroundwillreducetrafficjamandmaygiverisetoparksandgreenspaces.12.WhydoestheauthormentionBladeRunnerfilminparagraph1？______A.Toshowanexample. B.Toleadtothetopic.

C.Toexpresshisdoubts. D.Togivebackgroundinformation.13.Whichhastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedpart"aWildWest"inparagraph4？______A.Promising. B.Stable. C.Immature. D.Overdeveloped.14.Whateffectwillflyingcarsprobablybringtothecity？______A.Moregreenspaces. B.Severetrafficjams.

C.Advancedsky-scrapers. D.Expandedairhighways.15.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage？______A.BladeRunner'sImaginingsComeTrue

B.TheNumberofFlyingCarsAreIncreasing

C.TheFlyingCarIsHeretoChangetheWorld

D.AutonomousUrbanAircraftMarketIsBooming二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Readingadog'sbodylanguagerequiresexperienceandexpertguidance.ZazieTodd，adogtrainerandfounderoftheblogCompanionAnimalPsychology，thinksabouthowtounderstanddogs'behaviour.

（1）______

They'reexpectingpunishmentbutdon'tnecessarilyknowtheirbehavioriswrong.AlexandraHorowitz，aprofessoratBarnardCollegewhoresearchesdogs'cognition（認知），pointsoutthe"guilty"lookislinkedtobeingscoldedbytheowner.

Ifyourdoglickstheirmouth

They'restressed.Recently，twoEuropeanstudieshavehighlightedthemeaningofthislicking.Onefoundthatitwasadog'sresponsetoseeinganangryoraggressivehumanfaceonacomputerscreen.（2）______.Ifyouspotthissign，tryreducingyourdog'sstresslevels.Itcouldbeassimpleasgivingthemmorephysicalspace.

Iftherearefireworksandyourdogisshaking

（3）______.Thisisacommonreaction，butasurprisingnumberofpeopledon'trealizethatshakingandtremblingaresignsoffear.Whereasonlyaquarterofownerssaytheirdogisafraidofloudnoises，halfreportthesebehavioralsigns.

Ifyouareatthevetandyourdog'stailisdown

They'reanxious.Obvioussignsofanunhappydogincludehidingortryingtoleavetheexamroom，butcommonlymissedtriggersrangefromatuckedtailandloweredearstotrembling.（4）______.Manyvetsnowusefoodtomaketheexperiencemorefun.

Ifyourdogleansintoyouduringapettingtime

Theylikeit!Ifyou'reunsurethatadogisenjoyingbeingpetted，stop，thenwatchtheirreaction.Iftheychoosetowanderoff，thepettingtimeisover.Othersignsofdiscomfortincludesniffingthefloor，lookingawayandbreathingheavily.However，iftheyleanonyouorpawatyoutogetmorehugs，continue!（5）______.

A.Thisbehaviormeanstheylikeit

B.Theyarefrightenedbythenoises

C.Ifyourdoggetsstressedatappointments，askwhatcanbedone

D.Ifyourdoglooksguiltywhenyouwalkinthedoorandseeamess

E.Starttopetthemandremainnearbysothatyourdogwouldbecomforted

F.Theotherdeterminedthatdogslicktheirmouthsinresponsetoamildthreat

G.Preferredpartsontheirbodiesaretoeithersideofthechestandunderthechin16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）MassimoBotturaopenedarestaurantinItalyin1995whichisatwo-timewinneroftheworld'sbest.Today，hiscookingempire（1）______fromDubaitoLosAngeles.AndheisoneofthestarsofapopularNetflixseries.However，outofallthose（2）______，Italy'smostcelebratedchefsaysthatthepeakisRefettorioAmbrosianos.

AtRefettorioAmbrosianos，dinnerguestsaregreetedbynameanddineonfineChinaattables.Themenuchangesdaily，（3）______whatcomesinwiththemorning'sdelivery.Thedeliverymay（4）______dryvegetables，meatclosetosell-bydateandtoo-ugly-to-soldfruits.Bydinner，however，thesupermarketwasteshavebeen（5）______intodeliciousmeals.About100diners—refugees，thehomeless，andtheunemployed—enjoythemealwithobvious（6）______，laughingwiththevolunteerwaiters，praisingthevolunteerchefs，andforgetting，atleastforanhour，the（7）______ofalifeonthestreets.

（8）______，Bottura'sRefettoriosarenotrestaurants，theyaresoupkitchens.Butunlike（9）______soupkitchens，theguestsdonothavetowaitinalinetoreceivefood.AsBotturasays，theexperiencecanmakehisguests（10）______confidence，forgetthehardshipsandfeel（11）______.

ChefsatRefettoriocookfreemealswith（12）______fromlocalshops.SoRefettorioAmbrosianosare（13）______asplacestofocusattentiononthegrowingglobalfoodwasteproblem."RefettorioAmbrosianoisamovementhopingto（14）______foodwastecrisis，"saysBottura，"Ineverthoughtleftoverfoodswereawaste.Anoldcarrot，ahardpieceofbread，brownbananas...theyarejustopportunitiesforustocreatesomething（15）______."21.

A.extracts B.expands C.exposes D.estimates22.

A.consequences B.fantasies C.achievements D.entertainments23.

A.dependingon B.insistingon C.switchingon D.callingon24.

A.comprise B.link C.trace D.consume25.

A.obtained B.displayed C.transformed D.interpreted26.

A.quantity B.suspect C.ambition D.pleasure27.

A.challenges B.expectations C.boundaries D.conflicts28.

A.Ultimately B.Actually C.Barely D.Merely29.

A.contradictory B.abstract C.complex D.traditional30.

A.reveal B.recall C.regain D.react31.

A.occupied B.tricked C.comforted D.committed32.

A.leftovers B.grains C.desserts D.recipes33.

A.clarified B.acknowledged C.qualified D.protected34.

A.defend B.blame C.strengthen D.defeat35.

A.vivid B.remarkable C.amusing D.optimistic四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.Kidswanttohaveadventuresinparks，withfeatureslikeflyingfoxes，treesforclimbing，andswingsontheirwishlists，newresearchhasfound.Teens（1）______（prefer）placestohangoutwithfriendslikesportscourts，whileolderadultsenjoyedmorepeaceful（2）______（surround）withwalkingpaths，andshadytrees.

AssociateProfessorJennyfoundthatwhilechildren，teensandolderadultsalllookedfordifferentfeaturesinparks，well-designedurbanspacesappealed（3）______allagegroups."COVID-19remindsusofthecriticalroleparksplayinourcommunity，"shesaid."Formanypeopleduringlockdown，visiting（4）______nearbyparkhasbeenoneofthehighlightsoftheday.Theyareafreespace（5）______iseasytoaccessandcanhavenumerousbenefitsonhealthandwell-being."

Apreviousparkrefurbishmentstudyshoweditcost58cents（6）______（entire）togainanadditionalhourofexerciseperperson，"Veitchsaid."Sofar，alotofmoney（7）______（raise）bymanycouncilstospendonparks.（8）______theproblemisthatthemoneymustbetherightexpensetoachievetheattractiveparkswantedbythepublic.Otherwise，wearewasting（9）______（value）spaceandfunds."

Veitchsaidthat（10）______（create）activeenvironmentsthatpromotephysicalactivitywasaglobalpriority，giventhattheinternationaltrendincrowdedurbanlivingandrisingobesitylevels.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.假如你是李華，上周你校舉辦了以"ScienceLightsUptheFuture"為主題的科技創新大賽（theScienceandTechnologyInnovationContest）。請你為校報寫一篇英文報道，內容包括：

（1）比賽目的；

（2）比賽內容；

（3）活動感想。

注意：

（1）詞數80詞左右；

（2）可適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。38.閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。

"Dad，areyousuretherewillbeabarofchocolate？"Iasked，liningupwithDadandUncleJohnnearthebackofmanyrunnersinLosAngeles.Myfirstmarathon.Itwaspouringrain，mylegswerecold，andIwaswishingIhadn'tbeentoonervoustoeatabiggerbreakfast.

"Thereweretablesofchocolatebarseverymileatmylastmarathon，"Dadsaid.

Suddenlyeveryonearoundusstartedmoving.WayupaheadIsawsmokefromthecannon（手槍）.Ourmarathonstarted.

"Yougoonahead，"Dadsaid，panting."I'llseeyouattheend."

UncleJohnandIzigzaggedthroughtherunners.SoonDadwaswaybehind.Wereachedmile5，butIstillhadn'tseenachocolatebaranywhere.Instead，thestreetswerelinedwithfast-foodplaces.IsmelledthefoodasIran—doughnuts，hamburgers，fries.

Bymile8，Iwasstarving.HowIwishedI'deatensixpiecesoftoast，eggs，bacon，...Itwasrainingsohard.Myhandsstungfromthecold.

Onthebalconiespeopleyelledandwavedtous.Atmile10，Itookapowergel（能量膠）outofmypocketandtriedtoopenit，butmyhandsweresocoldasiftheyhadbeenfrozenintofists.WhenIroundedthecorner，Isawmyauntandmylittlebrothercheeringforus.Iwantedtostopandtalk，butIcouldn'tgetoutoftheflowofrunners.Theroadaheadwasyellow.Thousandsofbananaskinseverywhere.Foodatlast!Igrabbedabananaandwolfeditdown.

Mile15.Ilookeddownatmyfeetandwatchedthemrunacrossthestars.Thereweretablesfullofpowergels.Itookoneandtoreitopen.Myhandshadcomeunfrozen.Isqueezedthepacketandfilledmymouthwithsweetstuff.Chocolatewouldtastebetter.

注意：

（1）所續寫短文的詞數應為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在相應位置作答。

Paragraph1：

MylegsachedandIdidn'twanttorunanotherinch.___________________________________

Paragraph2：

Iwasrunningatfullspeed，andthecrowdwasyellingjustforme.______________________________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、A、B【解析】（1）細節理解題。根據Lung

King

Heen部分You

might

reserve

a

Victoria

Harbor

view

that

affords

a

seat

at

8

pm

for

the

Symphony

of

Lights.（您可以預訂維多利亞港的景色，并在晚上8點提供燈光交響樂的座位。）以及根據Caprice

French

Restaurant部分Caprice

stands

out

for

an

excellent

window-side

view，elegant

setting，and

the

best

quality

food，where

tourists

can

appreciate

the

charming

scenery

of

Victoria

Harbor（卡普麗斯以其絕佳的窗戶側景、優雅的環境和最好的食物而聞名，游客可以在這里欣賞維多利亞港迷人的景色。）可知游客可以在Caprice

French

Restaurant和Lung

King

Heen欣賞維多利亞港的景色。故選C。

（2）推理判斷題。根據這幾家餐廳的營業時間Lunch：Monday

to

Friday

noon

to

2：30

pm，Saturday，Sunday，public

holiday

11：30am-2：30pm（午餐：周一至周五中午至下午2：30，周六、周日，公眾假期11：30至2：30）；Hours：Mon-Thu

noon-3pm，6：30pm-midnight；Fri

noon-3pm，6pm—midnight；Sat

6pm-midnight，Sun

closed（營業時間：周一至周四中午-下午3點，下午6：30-午夜；周五中午-下午3點，下午6點-午夜；周六下午6點-午夜，周日休息）；Hours：8：00am-9：30pm（小時：8：00am-9：30pm）以及Hours：12pm-2：30pm

（for

lunch）and

6pm-10：30pm（for

dinner，and

closing

time

for

last

order）（營業時間：12：00-2：30pm（午餐），6：00-10：30pm（晚餐，截止點餐時間））可知這四家餐館的共同點是它們星期六都在營業。故選A。

（3）文章出處題。閱讀全文以及根據第一段Hong

Kong

has

among

the

world's

finest

dining

for

various

styles

of

food.Below

are

four

most

well-received

restaurants

among

tourists.（香港擁有世界上最好的餐廳，提供各種風格的食物。以下是游客中最受歡迎的四家餐廳。）可知本文主要介紹了游客中最受歡迎的四家餐廳。所以會出現在旅游小冊子上。故選B。

本文主要介紹了游客中最受歡迎的四家餐廳。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

4~7.【答案】A、B、C、A【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據文章第一段As

the

Chinese

saying

goes，a

seed

can

change

the

world；a

variety

can

benefit

a

nation.Zhang

Daorong，who

has

spent

the

last

26

years

cultivating

13

new

varieties

of

wheat

and

contributing

to

national

food

security

efforts，has

done

both.（中國俗話說，一粒種子可以改變世界；一個品種可以造福一個民族。張道榮在過去的26年里培育了13種小麥新品種，并為國家糧食安全做出了貢獻。）可知張道榮的工作很重要，并且要求高。故選A。

（2）段落大意題。根據文章第三段Agricultural

research

work

was

hard

and

complicated.First

she

led

her

colleagues

to

suitable

parental

types

for

a

specific

cultivation

purpose.Then，the

team

tried

a

hybrid

combination.After

several

generations

of

trial

and

selection，and

when

characteristics

remained

steady，they

began

a

two-year

process

of

yield

testing

and

disease

identification.After

several

more

rounds

of

tests，an

application

for

evaluation

and

approval

was

made

to

provincial

or

national

authorities

for

market

production.（農業研究工作既艱難又復雜。首先，她帶領她的同事為特定的栽培目的找到合適的親本類型。然后，研究小組嘗試了一種雜交組合。經過幾代的試驗和選擇，當性狀保持穩定時，他們開始了為期兩年的產量測試和病害鑒定過程。經過幾輪測試后，向省或國家當局申請評估和批準進行市場生產。）可知第三段主要講述了張和她的團隊是如何進行農業研究的。故選B。

（3）觀點態度題。根據文章最后一段Today，the

50-year-old，known

as

the"mother

of

wheat"，still

works

on

the

land.She

considers

it

her

responsibility

to

work

hard

and

contribute

to

food

safety，especially

when

the

domestic

and

global

economy

still

face

headwinds

from

the

COVID-19

pandemic."Agricultural

research

work

is

hard

and

complicated.All

we

can

do

is

think

more，discuss

more，ask

more

questions

and

find

answers

on

the

land."she

said.（如今，這位被稱為"小麥之母"的50歲老人仍在土地上勞作。她認為自己有責任努力工作，為食品安全做出貢獻，尤其是當國內和全球經濟仍然面臨來自新冠肺炎疫情的逆風時。"農業研究工作既艱苦又復雜。我們能做的就是多思考，多討論，多提問，在這片土地上尋找答案。"她說。）可知張道榮是有責任心和奉獻精神的。A.Generous

and

caring.大方又有愛心的；B.Determined

and

honest.堅定而誠實的；C.Responsible

and

devoted.有責任心和奉獻精神的；D.Modest

and

knowledgeable.謙虛博學的。故選C。

（4）目的意圖題。根據文章第一段As

the

Chinese

saying

goes，a

seed

can

change

the

world；a

variety

can

benefit

a

nation.Zhang

Daorong，who

has

spent

the

last

26

years

cultivating

13

new

varieties

of

wheat

and

contributing

to

national

food

security

efforts，has

done

both.（中國俗話說，一粒種子可以改變世界；一個品種可以造福一個民族。張道榮在過去的26年里培育了13種小麥新品種，并為國家糧食安全做出了貢獻。）和最后一段Today，the

50-year-old，known

as

the"mother

of

wheat"，still

works

on

the

land.She

considers

it

her

responsibility

to

work

hard

and

contribute

to

food

safety，especially

when

the

domestic

and

global

economy

still

face

headwinds

from

the

COVID-19

pandemic."Agricultural

research

work

is

hard

and

complicated.All

we

can

do

is

think

more，discuss

more，ask

more

questions

and

find

answers

on

the

land."she

said.（如今，這位被稱為"小麥之母"的50歲老人仍在土地上勞作。她認為自己有責任努力工作，為食品安全做出貢獻，尤其是當國內和全球經濟仍然面臨來自新冠肺炎疫情的逆風時。"農業研究工作既艱苦又復雜。我們能做的就是多思考，多討論，多提問，在這片土地上尋找答案。"她說。）可知本文主要介紹了一位偉大的科學家。A.To

introduce

a

great

scientist.介紹一位偉大的科學家；B.To

advertise

some

high-profit

wheat

varieties.為一些高利潤的小麥品種做廣告；C.To

state

the

importance

of

agricultural

research.說明農業研究的重要性；D.To

encourage

young

people

to

work

on

agriculture.鼓勵年輕人從事農業。故選A。

本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了張道榮在過去的26年里培育了13種小麥新品種，并為國家糧食安全做出了貢獻。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡，把握語篇實質。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調等，這類題必須經過對作者的態度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關系，研究細節的暗示，推敲作者的態度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

我們在做完形填空時，首先需要快速的瀏覽全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要學會帶著問題到文中相應的地方，通過細節閱讀來尋找或概括答案；最后理清作者的寫作思路也非常重要；做此類題時，要多注意一些形容詞或動詞的搭配，在平時多積累一些固定搭配。

8~11.【答案】C、C、B、B【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據第一段In

general，people

tend

to

associate

science

with

"braininess".It

is

usually

the

way

society

sees

scientists

versus

non-scientists.（一般來說，人們傾向于將科學與"聰明"聯系在一起。這通常是社會看待科學家與非科學家的方式。）可知據作者的說法，科學家們普遍持有的信念是科學家比非科學家更聰明。故選C。

（2）推理判斷題。根據第三段This

stereotype（刻板印象）affects

young

girls.School-aged

girls

slightly

outperform

boys

in

math

and

science.However，men

take

up

a

bigger

amount

of

positions

at

science，from

undergraduate

science

majors

to

administrative

positions

with

the

power

to

hire

and

promote.In

other

words，the

message

of

braininess

matching

scientific

skills

is

applied

more

heavily

to

men

than

to

women.（這種刻板印象影響到年輕女孩。學齡女孩在數學和科學方面的表現略好于男孩。然而，男性在科學領域占據了更多的職位，從本科科學專業到有權招聘和晉升的行政職位。換句話說，聰明與科學技能相匹配的信息更多地應用于男性，而不是女性。）可知這種刻板印象對年輕女孩的影響是年輕女孩在科學界擔任的職位數量較少。故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據第三段You

will

hear

that

African-American

under-representation

in

science

is

because

they

are

not"smart"enough.In

fact，black-majority

schools

are

often

underfunded.They

lack

teachers，supplies

and

other

necessities

for

STEM

preparation.To

make

matters

worse，their

students

are

faced

with

daily

challenges

to

their

intelligence

for

those

who

do

earn

STEM

degrees.（你會聽說非裔美國人在科學領域的代表性不足是因為他們不夠"聰明"。事實上，黑人占多數的學校往往資金不足。他們缺乏教師、用品和其他STEM準備必需品。更糟糕的是，對于那些獲得STEM學位的學生來說，他們的學生每天都面臨著智力方面的挑戰。）可知除了刻板印象之外，可能阻止非裔美國人追求科學的是自我強化循環。故選B。

（4）觀點態度題。根據最后一段And

we

have

to

do

a

lot

better

at

not

reinforcing

the

message

that

scientists

are

smarter

than

non-scientist

and

that

only

the

geniuses

can

do

science.（必須教會他們將好奇心引導到富有成效的途徑中。我們必須做得更好，不要強化科學家比非科學家更聰明，只有天才才能做科學的信息。）可知作者對這種刻板印象持否定的態度。故選B。

本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了一種刻板印象：科學家比非科學家更聰明。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據文章所述事件的邏輯關系，對未說明的趨勢或結局作出合理的推斷；或根據作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

12~15.【答案】B、C、A、C【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據文章第一段The

original

Blade

Runner

film

took

place

in

an

imagined

Los

Angeles

of

2019，a

futuristic

city

where

skies

were

crowded

with"skimmers"：flying

cars

that

zipped

along

aerial

highways.Since

the

film's

1982

debut（首映），technology

has

advanced

in

ways

that

Hollywood

might

never

have

predicted.（最初的《銀翼殺手》電影發生在想象中的2019年洛杉磯，這是一個未來的城市，天空中擠滿了"撇油器"：沿著空中高速公路疾馳的飛行汽車。自從這部電影在1982年首映以來，技術已經以好萊塢可能永遠也不會預測到的方式發展。）可知作者在第一段提到《銀翼殺手》電影來引出話題飛行騎車。故選B。

（2）猜測詞義題。根據文章第四段At

the

moment，the

autonomous

urban

aircraft

market

is

still

a

bit

of

a

Wild

West.Dozens

of

start-up

companies

are

comp