2022-2023學年度第一學期階段性質量監測（二）高三年級英語學科筆試本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）、第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共130分，考試用時100分鐘（不含聽力）。第I卷1至12頁，第II卷13至16頁。答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。答卷時，考生務必將答案涂寫在答題卡上，答在試卷上的無效?？荚嚱Y束后，請將本試卷第I卷注意事項:.每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號。.本卷共55小題，共95分。第一部分英語知識運用（共兩節，滿分45分）第一節單項填空（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出一個可以填入空白處的最佳選項。彳列：Standoverthereyou'llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1.一Davidwaslateforthebiologyclassthismorning.—?AsfarasIknow,henevercamelatetoclass.A.Sowhat B.Howcome C.Whynot D.Whatfor【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——大衛今天早上生物課遲到了?！趺磿菢樱?？據我所知，他上課從不遲到。A.Sowhat那又怎樣；B.Howcome怎么會（那樣）；C.Whynot為何不（用來提建議）；D.Whatfor為何目的。由“AsfarasIknow,henevercamelatet。class”可知，第二個說話人對大衛今天早上生物課遲到了表示驚訝，應該是問“怎么會……（那樣）”，因此空格處是Howcome,故選B。2.We'vedoneasolidpreparationsothisisA.whatourteamissupposedtoshine.B.whetherC.which2.We'vedoneasolidpreparationsothisisA.whatourteamissupposedtoshine.B.whetherC.whichD.where【答案】D【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：父母必須為孩子創造成功，無論是音樂、體育還是藝術。A.surprises驚喜；B.victories勝利、成功；C.imaginations想象力；D.competitions競爭。根據下文“Youcanmakeyourdyslexicchildabletosay,"Yeah,readingishard.ButIhaveotherthingsIcando.""（你可以讓你的閱讀障礙兒童說?！笆堑模x書很難。但我還有其他事情可以做?！保┛芍?，父母必須為孩子創造成功。故選B項。第二部分：閱讀理解（共20小題;每小題2.5分，滿分50分）隹選項。隹選項。隹選項。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出一個】隹選項。Outdoorcamerasarethemodernversionofhiringaguardforyourhome.Belowisalistofsomequalityoutdoorsecuritycamerasavailableinthemarket.RingFloodlightCameraThecameraitselfrecordsinHDandyouhaveplentyofsupportviatheapp.Throughtheapp.youcantalktopeoplethroughthecamera.Thecameraitselfhasnonightvision.Thisisaproblemintheeventthatthebulbsburnout,whichwillhappeneventually.CamparkCameraSincethisoutdoorsecuritycameraisbuiltforhunting,itiswirelessandcompletelywaterproof（防水的）.Furthermore,itssensors（傳感器）aresharpandwillnaturallyhavenightvision.Thatsaid,thereareafewdownsides.Becauseofitshighersensitivity,thiscameratakesalotofunnecessarypicturesandvideos.Furthermore,you'llneedtosupplyanSDcardtostorevideosandpictures.ZumimallCameraThesecuritycameraitselfis100%wireless,connectsthroughWi-Fi,andisbattery-operated.Italsohasnightvisionandhandlescold,heat,andrainverywell.Theonlypointofcriticismisthestorage.Thecloudstorageofferedislimited.Forfree.youcanstoreyourvideosandpicturesforuptosevendaysbeforetheoldpicturesandvideosarereplaced.ZOSISecurityCameraSystemIt'sasystemincludingseveralsecuritycameras,whichpackalotofqualities.Theyoffer80feetofnightvision,areweatherproof,raisethealarmwhentheyspotmotion,etc.Thedownsideofthissystemisthatthesecamerasneedtobewiredtoacenter.Andthewiringcanbedisorganizedanduntidy.Clickheretobuythesecameras:WhatisthesellingpointofRingFloodlightCamera?A.Supportthroughtheapp. B.Nightvision.C.Highsensitivity. D.Longbatterylife.IfyouuseZumimallCamera,you.needtoprotectitfromcoldcanconnectittotheInternetwithoutwiresCwillhaveunlimitedcloudstoragespaceD.canfreelystorethevideosandpicturesforamonthWhatdoCamparkCameraandZOSICamerahaveincommon?A.TheyneedanSDcard. B.Theyarebuiltforhunting.C.Theyrequireawirecenter. D.Theycanstanduptowater.Wherecanweprobablyfindthisadvertisement?A.Inanewspaper. B.Inadepartmentstore.C.Onashoppingwebsite. D.Onacommunitynoticeboard.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethisadvertisement?A.Informative. B.Supportive.C.Misleading. D.Imaginative.【答案】36A37.B38.D39.C40.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇廣告類應用文。主要介紹了四款相機，包括它們詳細的優缺點和使用功能等?！?6題詳解】細節理解題。根據RingFloodlightCamera部分中的“ThecameraitselfrecordsinHDandyouhaveplentyofsupportviatheapp.,,（相機本身是高清錄制的，你可以通過應用程序獲得足夠的支持。）可知，RingFloodlightCamera的賣點是通過應用程序提供支持。故選A項?！?7題詳解】細節理解題。根據ZumimallCamera部分中“Thesecuritycameraitselfis100%wireless,connectsthroughWiFi,andisbattery-operated/"（安全攝像頭本身是100%無線的，通過Wi-Fi連接，由電池供電。）可知，如果你使用Zumimall相機，你可以將其連接到互聯網而無需電線。故選B項。【38題詳解】細節理解題。根據CamparkCamera中“Sincethisoutdoorsecuritycameraisbuiltforhunting,itiswirelessandcompletelywaterproof.,,（由于這款戶外安全攝像頭是為狩獵而設計的，所以它是無線的，而且完全防水。）以及ZOSISecurityCameraSystem中“Theyoffer80feetofnightvision,areweatherproof,raisethealarmwhentheyspotmotion,etc.v（它們有80英尺的夜視能力，防風雨，發現運動時能發出警報，等等。）可知，CamparkCamera和ZOSICamera的共同之處是它們都是防水的。故選D項。【39題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章大意可知，文章主要介紹了四款相機，包括它們的優缺點等，以及最后一句話uClickheretobuythesecameras:（點擊這里購買這些相機）可推知，這個廣告可能出現在某購物網站上。故選C項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章大意可知，文章主要介紹了四款相機，包括它們詳細的優缺點和使用功能等，所以這則廣告是提供有用信息的。故選A項。BIcanrememberwhenmydaughterMaggie,whoisnowsix,usedtocrawlintomylapandsay,“Daddy,readmeastory."Lastyearsheannounced,"Daddy,Tmgoingtoreadyouastory.”Maggiewasatelevisionchild.Whenshefirstbecameconsciousofanythingbeyondeatingandsleeping,theTVsetwasrightthere,anditsooncommandedherattention.Afewyearsago,wewereworriednotonlythatwe'dnevergetthechildrenawayfromthesetlongenoughtolearntoread,butthatwe'dforgethowtoreadourselves.Butin1955therewasnotonlymorereadingthanbeforeTV,butmorereadingthaneverbeforeinhistory.Clearly,readinghassurvivedtelevisionasithassurvivedalotofotherthings.WhenIwassix,awailwentupaboutmenaces（威脅）toreadingathome:motorcarsandcinema.WhenMaggiecamealong,therewastelevision.Themotorcar,theradio,thecinemaandtelevisiondotakeupalotoftime.Well,we'vegotmoretime.Whenmymotherwasagirl,peopleworkedabout60hoursaweek.Nowit's44.WhenMaggiegrowsup,ifllbe30.Andthere911benumerousgadgetstodoherhousework.She'llhavetoread.Youcan'twatchTVallday.AtpresentMaggieisreadingaboutJohnnyWoodchuck.Aheadofher——andI'malittleenvious——areherfirstbrushwithBlackBeauty,Alicesteppingthroughthelookingglass,HuckandJimdriftingdowntheMississippi,theemotionalstormsofShakespeare,thespiritualagoniesofTolstoy.Forreadingisn'talljoy.Likelifeitself,it'smixedwithmanymoods,fromecstasy（狂喜）todespair.Maggiewillleaentotaketherouchwiththesmooth,gatheringfromtheancientwisdomofIon口-dead口eniusalittle行retoenrichherspirit.Andsomeday,ifshe'slucky,she'llgetthebiggestthrillofall,whenalittlegirlclimbsintoherlapandannounces,"Mummy,I'mgoingtoreadyouastory.^^WhichofthefollowingthingsusedtocatchMaggie'sattentiontoomuch?A.Themotorcar. B.Theradio. C.Thecinema. D.Thetelevision.WhydotheyounggenerationlikeMaggiehavemoreaccesstoreading?Theyfacelessworkingpressure.Thereismoretimeavailableforreading.Theirparentsencouragethemmoreoften.Theyhaveastrongerdesireforknowledge.WhatmakestheauthorenviousofMaggie?A.Herexposuretoclassicreading. B.Herproductiveworksinwriting.C.Herwildimaginationindailylife. D.Herspiritualreflectiononthebooks.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph6imply?Maggiehasrichexperiences.Maggiehasagoodplanforreading.Maggiewillbenefitalotfromreading.Maggieisontheroadtobecomingagenius.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?Itisablessingthatreadingcanbepasseddown.MoregirlslikeMaggieenjoytellingstories.Maggie'sdaughterbringsherthebiggestthrill.ReadingmakesMaggieafortunategirl.【答案】41.D 42.B43.A44.C45.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者講述了六歲的女兒喜歡上了讀書，令作者驚喜不已，從而感嘆如果讀書能夠一代一代傳承下去，將是一件幸事。[41題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段uMaggiewasatelevisionchild.Whenshefirstbecameconsciousofanythingbeyondeatingandsleeping,theTVsetwasrightthere,anditsooncommandedherattention.（Maggie是一個愛看電視的孩子。當她第一次意識到吃飯和睡覺以外的東西時，電視機就在那里，很快就引起了她的注意。）”可知，電視過去經常引起Maggie的注意。故選D項?！?2題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“Well,we'vegotmoretime.Whenmymotherwasagirl,peopleworkedabout60hoursaweek.Nowit's44.WhenMaggiegrowsup,ifllbe30.Andthere'llbenumerousgadgetstodoherhousework.（我們有了更多的時間。當我母親還是個小女孩的時候，人們每周工作大約60個小時?，F在是44個小時。Maggie長大了，就30個小時了。還有很多小工具可以幫她做家務。）”可知，因為有更多的閱讀時間，像Maggie這樣的年輕一代會有更多的機會進行閱讀。故選B項?！?3題詳解】細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中“AtpresentMaggieisreadingaboutJohnnyWoodchuck.Aheadofher—andI'malittleenvious—areherfirstbrushwithBlackBeauty,Alicesteppingthroughthelookingglass,HuckandJimdriftingdowntheMississippi,theemotionalstormsofShakespeare,thespiritualagoniesofTolstoy.（現在Maggie正在讀關于JohnnyWoodchuck的書。在她面前 我有點羨慕 是她第一次與《黑美人》擦肩而過，愛麗絲穿過鏡子，哈克和吉姆漂流在密西西比河，莎士比亞的情感風暴，托爾斯泰的精神痛苦。）”可知，女兒Maggie閱讀經典書籍令作者羨慕。故選A項?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。劃線詞句前文“Aheadofher—andI'malittleenvious一areherfirstbrushwithBlackBeauty,Alicesteppingthroughthelookingglass,HuckandJimdriftingdowntheMississippi,theemotionalstormsofShakespeare,thespiritualagoniesofTolstoy.Forreadingisn'talljoy.Likelifeitself,ifsmixedwithmanymoods,fromecstasy（狂喜）todespair.（在她面前 我有點羨慕 是她第一次與《黑美人》擦肩而過，愛麗絲穿過鏡子，哈克和吉姆漂流在密西西比河，莎士比亞的情感風暴，托爾斯泰的精神痛苦。因為閱讀并不是全部的樂趣。就像生活本身一樣，它混雜著各種各樣的情緒，從狂喜到絕望。）”說明閱讀將給Maggie帶來豐富的精神食糧，從而推知劃線詞句“Maqgiewilllearntotaketherouqhwiththesmooth,Catherinefromtheancientwisdomof geniusalittlefiretoenrichherspirit.”意為“Maggie將從閱讀中獲益良多”。故選C項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段"Andsomeday,ifshe'slucky,she'llgetthebiggestthrillofall,whenalittlegirlclimbsintoherlapandannounces,"Mummy,Tmgoingtoreadyouastory.，（有一天，如果她幸運的話，她會得到最激動的事情，當一個小女孩爬到她的膝蓋上，并宣布，'媽媽，我要給你讀一個故事。'）”可知，未來Maggie的孩子也可能愛上閱讀，享受著閱讀的樂趣，要給媽媽講故事，這對她來說是幸運的。由此推知，閱讀能被傳承將是一件幸事。故選A項。CChildrenloveitwhensomeonereadsabooktothem.Theylovefunnysounds,rhymingwordsandsillypictures.Theylovethesoundoftheirmomordad'svoice.Sometimes,however,theirmomordadcan'treadtothem,becausethatparentisinprison.AuntMary'sStorybookProject,startedin1993,isnowanationalprogramthatpromotesincarceratedparentsreadingtotheirchildren.Churchorservicegroupsdonatebooksandpostage.Incarceratedparentspickoutbooks,readthemandeithervolunteersorprisonworkersmailthebooksandtapesouttothechildren.LastMay,wedistributed191books,meaningthat191childrenreceivedabookandatape.Theincarceratedreadersrecordtheirbooks,followedbyapersonalmessagetothechild.Sometimesitisamusinglisteningtostrong,tattooed（紋身）musclemenmakinganimalsoundsorfunnyvoicesofdifferentcharacters.SometimesallIhearissilence,andthensoundsthatconfirmmyguessthattheyarccalmingthemselvesafteranunexpectedwaveoffeelings.Seventypercentofchildrenofincarceratedparentseventuallyendupfacingthejusticesystemthemselvesatsomepointintheirlives.Manyofthesechildrenendupdoinghardtimeinjails.Inreality,though,theyaredoinghardtimenowas12-year-olds,7-ycar-olds,andevenasbabies.Theygrowupthinkingthattheirparentis"bad"anddoesn'tcare.Theyareoftenteasedandfeeltheyhavetodefendthemselvesortheirparent,sometimesinaviolentway.Whentheyreceiveinthemailabookandatapeoftheirparentreadingtothem,theyhearanothermessage,“Daddy/Mommylovesme;he/shehasahappyvoice;he/shethinksreadingiscool.AuntMary'sStorybookProjectisjustasmallpillforonehugesocialillness.Butwhenwethinkwearemerelyscratchingthesurfaceatleast191kidsarefeelingalittlebitbetter!46.WhatdoincarceratedparentsdoinAuntMary'sStorybookProject?Theyreadtotheirchildrenonatape.Theyrecordbookswiththeirchildren.Theymeettheirchildrenandreadtothem.Theyreadbooksthattheirchildrenchoose.Whyistheresilencebeforesomeincarceratedparentsspeak?Theywanttospeakwithfeelings.Theyhavetocontroltheirfeelings.Theyneedtoconsiderwhattosay.Theyfeelguiltyaboutwhattheydid.WhatcanweinferaboutthechildrenaccordingtoParagraph4?Theywillstudylawinstate-rununiversityinthefuture.Theyhavetolearntofacerealitybravelybythemselves.Theygainalotfromtheirparents5lifeexperience.Theythemselvesmaybecomelawbreakersinthefuture.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“teased“inParagraph5mean?A.makingmistakesC.madefunofB.behavingthemselvesD.takencareofA.makingmistakesC.madefunofWhatdoestheauthorthinkofwhattheydo?Itisworthdoing.Itmakeslittledifference.Ithasgreateffectonsociety.Itcanchangeincarceratedparents.【答案】46.A47.B48.C49.C50.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了瑪麗阿姨為了被監禁父母的孩子能夠感受到父母之愛，做了一個故事書計劃，讓這些父母朗讀故事然后錄下來給孩子們聽。【46題詳解】細節理解題。根據第二段uIncarceratedparentspickoutbooks,readthemandeithervolunteersorprisonworkersmailthebooksandtapesouttothechildren.（被監禁的父母挑選書籍，朗讀，志愿者或監獄工作人員將書籍和磁帶郵寄給孩子們。）”可知被監禁的父母在瑪麗阿姨的故事書項目中用磁帶給孩子朗讀，故選Ao【47題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段uSometimesallIhearissilence,andthensoundsthatconfirmmyguessthattheyarccalmingthemselvesafteranunexpectedwaveoffeelings.（有時我只聽到|沉默，然后聽到的聲音證實了我的猜測，他們是在意外的情緒波動后平靜下來的。）”可推測在一些被監禁的父母說話之前會保持沉默是因為他們必須控制自己的情緒，故選B。【48題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“Inreality,though,theyaredoinghardtimenowas12-year-olds,7-ycar-olds,andevenasbabies.Theygrowupthinkingthattheirparentis"bad"anddoesn'tcare.Theyareoftenteasadandfeeltheyhavetodefendthemselvesortheirparent,sometimesinaviolentway.（但事實上，他們在12歲、7歲甚至嬰兒時期都過得很艱難。他們在成長過程中認為他們的父母是“壞”的，他們不在乎。他們經常被嘲笑，覺得自己必須保護自己或父母，有時還會以暴力的方式。）”可推測，許多被監禁父母的子女從父母的經歷中學到很多，遭受很多痛苦。故選C?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據劃線處上文“Theygrowupthinkingthattheirparentis“bad”anddoesn'tcare.（他們在成長過程中認為他們的父母是"壞”的"，他們不在乎。）和劃線句子"Theyareoftenteasedandfeeltheyhavetodefendthemselvesortheirparent,sometimesinaviolentway.（他們經常被teased,覺得自己必須保護自己或父母，有時還會以暴力的方式。）”由此猜測儂晅意為“嘲笑”，和C選項“madefunof”同義，故選Co【50題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Butwhenwethinkwearemerelyscratchingthesurfaceatleast191kidsarefeelingalittlebitbetter!（但是，當我們認為我們只是觸及表面時,至少有191個孩子感覺好了一點!）”可知作者認為他們的工作是值得做的，故選A。DPeoplehavespeculated（JB、索）forcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork.Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedbyinequality:Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital,andthemasseswillstruggleinawasteland.Adifferentpredictionholdsthatwithoutjobstogivetheirlivesmeaningfuturepeoplewillsimplybecomelazyanddepressed.Butitdoesn'tnecessarilyfollowfromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledwithdissatisfaction.Suchvisionsarebasedonthedownsidesofbeingunemployedinasocietybuiltontheconceptofemployment.Intheabsenceofwork,asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcouldprovidestrikinglydifferentcircumstancesforthefutureoflaborandleisure.Thesedays,sparetimeisrelativelyrareformostworkers."WhenIcomehomefromahardday'swork,Ioftenfeeltired.^^saysJohnDanaher,alecturerattheNationalUniversityofIreland,adding,“InaworldinwhichIdon'thavetowork.Imightfeelratherdifferent—perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowmyselfintoahobbywiththeenthusiasmusuallyreservedforprofessionalmatters.”DanielEverett,ananthropologist（人類學家）atBentleyUniversitystudiedagroupofhunter-gathersintheAmazoncalledthePiranhaforyears.AccordingtoEverett,whilesomemightconsiderhuntingandgatheringaswork,hunter-gatherersdon't"Theythinkofitasfun.^^hesays?"Theydon'thaveaconceptofworkthewaywedo.”EverettdescribedatypicaldayforthePiraha:Amanmightgetup,spendafewhoursfishing,haveabarbecue,andplayuntiltheevening.Doesthisrelaxinglifeleadtothedepressionandpurposelessnessseenamongsomanyoftoday'sunemployed?'Tveneverseenanythinglikedepressionthere,exceptpeoplewhoarephysicallyill.”Everettsays.Whilemanymayconsiderworknecessaryforhumanlife,workasitexiststodayisarelativelynewinventioninthecourseofhumanculture."Wethinkit'sbadtojustsitaroundwithnothingtodo,“saysEverett.“ForthePiraha,it'squiteadesirablestate.HowdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinParagraph1?Bycomparingwealthypeoplewiththemajority.Bygivingadefinitiontoinequalityinsociety.Bylistingdifferentpredictionsofawork-freeworldBypicturingalazyanddepressedatmosphere.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“downsides"inParagraph2probablyreferto?A.Challenges. B.Losses. C.Disadvantages. D.Risks.JohnDanahermightagreethat.workplaysanimportantroleinourfuturelifepeople'swork-freefuturelifewillbefullofcharmpeopledon'tknowhowtobalanceworkandlifehigherunemploymentmakeslifetougherforworkersWhyisDanielEverett9sstudymentioned?TojustifyJohnDanaher9sopinion.Toshowafuturelifewithoutwork.Tocomparedifferentviewsonwork.TointroducethePirahaintheAmazon.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Somepeopledislikeawork-freeworld.BThePirahadon'tthinktheyareworkingatall.Futurepeoplemightbecomelazyanddepressed.DanielEverettprefertositarounddoingnothing【答案】51.C 52.C53.B54.A55.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇議論。作者主要圍繞不用工作的未來是什么樣子而展開討論。文章介紹了人們的不同觀點?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段uPeoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork.Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedbyinequality:Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital,andthemasseswillstruggleinawasteland.Adifferentpredictionholdsthatwithoutjobstogivetheirlivesmeaningfuturepeoplewillsimplybecomelazyandd叩ressed.（幾個世紀以來，人們一直在猜測沒有工作的未來。一些人設想，未來的無工作世界將以不平等為特征：少數富人將擁有全部資本，而大眾將在一片荒地上掙扎。另一種不同的預測認為，如果沒有工作來賦予他們的生活意義，未來的人們只會變得懶惰和抑郁）”可推知，作者是在第一段通過列出對無工作世界的不同預測來介紹主題的。故選C項?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據戈U線詞下文“beingunemployedinasocietybuiltontheconceptofemployment.（在——個以就業為概念的社會中失業）”及常識可知，在一個以就業為概念的社會中失業，這是消極的方面。由此可知，劃線詞所在句意為“這種觀點是基于在一個以就業概念為基礎的社會中失業的負面影響?！庇纱送浦瑒澗€單詞downsides為“消極面，缺點”的意思，與選項C項Disadvantages“缺點，不利條件”意思一致。故選C項。【53題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段中“InaworldinwhichIdon'thavetowork.Imightfeelratherdifferent-perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowmyselfintoahobbywiththeenthusiasmusuallyreservedfbrprofessionalmatters.（在——個我不需要工作的世界里。我可能會覺得很不一樣一一也許不一樣到足以讓我全身心地投入到一種愛好中去，而這種熱情通常只用于專業事務）”可推知，JohnDanaher可能也認為，人們不用工作的未來生活將充滿魅力。故選B項。【54題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段講述了JohnDanaher對于未來的觀點，人們未來不用工作的生活將充滿魅力，接下來后兩段闡述了DanielEverett的研究例子。由此推知DanielEverett的研究被提及來證明JohnDanaher的觀點。故選A項。[55題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段中“"Wethinkit'sbadtojustsitaroundwithnothingtodo,“saysEverett."ForthePiraha,it'squiteadesirablestate."（“我們認為坐在那里無所事事是不好的，"Everett說?！皩ζだ藖碚f，這是一個相當理想的狀態?？芍?，對于DanielEverett喜歡無所事事地坐著這項陳述是錯誤的。故選D項。第II卷注意事項:.用黑色墨水的鋼筆或簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上。.本卷共6題，共35分。第三部分：寫作【解析】【詳解】考查表語從句連接詞。句意：我們已經做了充分的準備，所以這是我們的團隊應該發光的地方。分析句子結構可知，空處引導表語從句，shine為不及物動詞，從句中缺少地點狀語，所以應該用連接副詞where引導。故選D項。Scientistsresearchinordertoseekgreaterunderstandingofthebrain,especiallysincethe1950s.A.conducted B.havebeenconductedC.havebeenconducting D.hadconducted【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞的時態。句意：尤其是自從二十世紀五十年代開始，為了尋求對大腦更好的了解科學家一直在進行相關研究。A.conducted實施，一般過去時；B.havebeenconducted被實施，現在完成時的被動語態；C.havebeenconducting實施，現在完成進行時；D.hadconducted實施，過去完成時。分析句子結構，空格處作謂語、根據時間狀語sincethe1950s和句意“科學家一直在作研究”，可知本句強調動作從過去發生到現在仍在持續，應用現在完成進行時。故選C項。Despitepreviousfailedattempts,thescientistsbelievedtheywouldmakeabreakthroughintheexperiments.A.subsequent B.critical C.primary D.independent【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析Z句意：盡管之前的嘗試都失敗了，但科學家們相信他們將在隨后的實驗中取得重大突破。A.subsequent隨后的，接著的；B.critical關鍵的；C.primary主要的;D.independent獨立的。根據前文的“previousfailedattempts”可推斷，此處說的是“科學家們相信他們將在隨后的實驗中取得重大突破”，空格處意為“隨后的，接著的"，是subsequent。故選A。一HowdidyoumakesorapidprogressinyourEnglish?Doyouhaveanysecrets?No.OnlyNo.Onlyhardworking.A.intermsof B.inhonorof C.bymeansof D.onbehalfof【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：一一你的英語怎么進步這么快?你有什么秘訣嗎？一一不。只有通過努力學習。A.intermsof就…方面而言；B.inhonorof向...致敬；C.bymeansof依靠；D.onbehalfof代表。根據句意，表示“通過”應該用bymeansof。故選C。第一節（共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，按照要求用英語回答問題。Whywouldhumanbeingswasteathirdoftheirlivessleepingwhentheycouldbedoingmoreimportantthingslikelookingaftertheirfamiliesorworking?Somescientistsbelievesleepinghelpsrechargethebody,whileothersthinkitisimportantforstrengtheningnewlyformedmemories.Now,thereisnewevidencewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.Theneuronsinthehumanbrainconsistoffiberscalleddendrites（樹突）.Thesegrowaswelearnnewthingsandconnectthebrain9scellstoeachotheratcontactpointscalledsynapses（突觸）.Thelargerthedendritesbecomeandthemorecellstheyconnect,themoreinformationwestore.In2018.GiulioTononiandChiaraCirelli,bothbiologistsattheUniversityofWisconsinMadison,suggestedanewidea:Thethingsourbrainslearneachdayresultinsomanysynapsesthatthingsstarttogetalittlemessy.Sleepingallowsustosortthrough（整理）the“noise"anddispensealltheunnecessaryinformation,leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.Recently,theuniversity'sresearchhasprovideddirectevidencetosupportthetheory.Theexperimentinvolvedanalyzing6.920synapsesinthebrainshavingsfromtwogroupsofmiceoverafour-yearperiod:onegrouphadbeenallowedtosleep,whiletheotherhadbeenkeptawakeandentertainedwithtoys.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthebrainshavingsofthesleepingmicehadnearly20percentfewersynapsesthanthosethathadbeenkeptawakeandentertained.Itwasalsoevidentduringthestudythatthebraindoesnotshaveeverysynapse.20%ofneuronsremainedunchanged:theseweremostlikelywellestablishedmemories.Therefore.althoughwemaybesleepingtoforgetsomeofwhatwe'velearned,thebrain"forgets“inasmartway.Mostresearchersbelieveclearingourbrainsisnottheonlypurposeofsleep.Restingourmindsandbodieshasalsobeenfoundtohelpwithotherbiologicalfunctionslikestrengtheningourimmunity.Thoughscientistsmayneveragreeonasinglereason,theyareallsureofonething—agoodnight'srestisessentialforourhealth.Sotryandspendatleastathirdofyourdaysleeping!Whafsthepurposeofsleepingaccordingtothenewdiscovery?（nomorethan15words）WhafsthemainideaofParagraph2?（nomorethan10words）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispense“inParagraph3probablymean?（nomorethan5words）Whatagreementdoallthescientistsprobablyreachaboutsleepingaccordingtothetext?(nomorethan10words)Doyouthinkagoodnight'ssleepwillbenefityournext-daystudy?Pleaseexplaininyourownwords.(nomorethan20words)[答案]56.Toforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.Howtheneuronsinthehumanbrainhelpstoreinformation.Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.Agoodnight'srestisessentialforourhealth.Yes.Becauseithelpsusdiscardalltheunnecessaryinformationandleaveonlythemostimportantmemories.【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了睡眠是為了幫助我們清理大腦里的一些無用信息，同時睡眠也是為了幫助我們恢復身體疲勞，讓我們能夠更好的學習和生活?！?6題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段的“Now,thereisnewevidencewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.（現在，有新的證據表明，睡眠的R的可能是為了忘記我們每天學習的數百萬新事物中的一些。）”可知，新的研究發現睡覺的目的是為了忘記我們每天學習的數百萬新事物中的一些。故答案為Toforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.[57題詳解】主旨大意題。根據第二段“Theneuronsinthehumanbrainconsistoffiberscalleddendrites（樹突）.（人腦中的神經元由稱為樹突的纖維組成。）”以及后文主要說明了人類大腦中的神經元如何幫助儲存信息可知，第二段主旨大意是“人類大腦中的神經元如何幫助儲存信息”。故答案為Howtheneuronsinthehumanbrainhelpstoreinformation.[58題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第三段“Sie叩ingallowsustosortthrough（整理）the"noise”（睡覺可以讓我們整理“噪音"）”和“allIheunnecessaryinfonnalion（所有不必要的信息）”可知，睡眠讓我們能夠對“噪音”進行分類，能讓我們從“噪音”中篩選出所有不必要的信息，只留下最重要的記憶，因此劃線單詞意思為“擺脫，冊U除”，即Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Removeo故答案為Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.【59題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段中uThoughscientistsmayneveragreeonasinglereason,theyareallsureofonething一agoodnight'srestisessentialforourhealth.（盡管科學家們可能永遠不會就一個原因達成一致。他們都確信一件事-一個好的晚上休息對我們的健康是必不可少的。）”可知，所有的科學家一致同意晚上好好休息對我們的健康很重要。故答案為Agoodnight'srestisessentialforourhealth.【60題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段的uSleepingallowsustosortthrough（整理）the"noise"anddispensealltheunnecessaryinformation.leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.（睡覺可以讓我們整理“噪音”,丟棄所有不必要的信息。只留下最重要的回憶。）"，我認為晚上睡個好覺對第二天的學習有好處，因為它幫助我們丟棄所有不必要的信息，只留下最重要的回憶，因此對第二天的學習有幫助，故答案為Yes.Becauseithelpsusdiscardalltheunnecessaryinformationandleaveonlythemostimportantmemories.第二節：書面表達（滿分25分）假如你是高中生李津，你的英國朋友Johnson得知中國的航天員在空間站對全國的青少年進行“天宮課堂”授課后，對此很感興趣，在電子郵件中詢問詳細的信息和你聽課的感受。請根據以下要點寫一封回信：L“天宮課堂”已經播出到了第三課，受到學生們的歡迎；.觀看了很多科學實驗在零重力條件下的演示；.加深對于理科學習的興趣，產生了作為一名中國學生的自豪感。參考詞匯：中國空間站ChinaSpaceStation；零重力zero-gravity；航天員taikonaut注意：.可適當增加細節，以使行文連貫；.文中不可出現真實的個人信息；.詞數不少于100（開頭結尾已給出，不計入總詞數）。DearJohnson,Inyourlaste-mail,youmentionedyourinterestinthe"TiangongClassroom.^^Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiJin【答案】DearJohnson,Inyourlaste-mail,youmentionedyourinterestinthe"TiangongClassroom."NowIamwritingtotellyouthedetailsofthe"TiangongClassroom^^andmyfeelings.The“TiangongClassroom^^wasconductedbytaikonautonthespacestationforteenagersacrossthecountry.The"TiangongClassroom"hasbeenbroadcasttothethirdlesson,whichisverypopularwithstudents.Inthe“TiangongClassroom”,wewatchedmanyscientificexperimentsthatweredemonstratedinzero-gravityconditions.Afterwatchingthe“TiangongClassroom"，students?interestinsciencelearningwasstrengthened,andtheyhadasenseofprideasaChinesestudent.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiJin【解析】【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文，要求考生給英國朋友Johnson寫封電子郵件，告訴他“天宮課堂”的一些詳細信息和你聽課的感受?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累進行：conduct一carryout受歡迎的：popular-welcome力口強：strengthen—>reinfdrce自豪感：asenseofpride一afeelingofpride2.句式拓展簡單句變復合句原句：Afterwatching"TiangongClassroom"，students9interestinsciencelearningisstrengthened,andtheyhaveasenseofprideasaChinesestudent.拓展句：Aftertheywatched"TiangongClassroom”,students9interestinsciencelearningwasstrengthened,andtheyhadasenseofprideasaChinesestudent.【點睛】[高分句型1]The"TiangongClassroom"hasbeenbroadcasttothethirdlesson,whichisverypopularwithstudents.（運用了which引導非限制性定語從句）[高分句型2]Inthe"TiangongClassroom"，wewatchedmanyscientificexperimentsthatweredemonstratedinzero-gravityconditions.（運用了that引導的限制性定語從句）——IneedtotellKevintheconferencehasbeencanceled._He'salreadyonhisway.A.Thesoonerthebetter. B.Don'tbother.C.You'vegotmethere. D.Howcouldyou?【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——我得告訴Kevin會議取消了?！娇煸胶?。他已經在