2022-2023年甘肅省平?jīng)鍪写髮W(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級模擬考試(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

BothDrJablonskiandDrPagelhavefound______betweenopposingideas.

2.

Itis______thatdrivesbirdstobecomeintelligent.

A.societynecessity

B.physicalneed

C.geneticinformation

D.psychologicalrequest

3.

ThelayerthatservestoshieldEarthfromtheSun'sharmfulultravioletraysiscalled______.

4.

Inthecaseofdischarge,apatientcangetdischargeinstructionsexplainingmedications,othertreatmentsand______.

5.IsCollegeReallyWorththeMoney?

TheRealWorld

EsteGriffithhaditallfiguredout.WhenshegraduatedfromtheUniversityofPittsburghinApril2001,shehadhersightssetononething:workingforalaborunion.

Therealworldhadotherideas.Griffithleftschoolwithnotonlyadegree,butaboatloadofdebt.Sheowed$15.000instudentloansandhadrackedup$4,000increditcarddebtforbooks,groceriesandotherexpenses.Nolaborunionjobcouldpayenoughtobailherout.

SoGriffithwenttoworkinsteadforaWashington,D.C.firmthatspecializesineconomicdevelopment.Problemsolved?Nope.Atage24,shetakeshomeabout$1,800amonth,$1,200ofwhichdisappearstopayherrent.Addanother$180amonthtoretireherstudentloansand$300amonthtowhittledownhercreditcardbalance."Youdothemath,"shesays.

Griffithhaspracticallynomoneytoliveon.Shebrown-bags(自帶午餐)herlunchandbikestowork.Aboveall,shefearsshe'llneverownahouseorbeabletoretire.It'snotthatsheregretsgettingherdegree."Buttheydon'ttellyouthatthetrade-offisthenexttenyearsofyourincome,"shesays.

That'spreciselythedealbeingmadebymoreandmorecollegestudents.They'remortgagingtheirfuturestomeetsoaringtuitioncostsandothercollegeexpenses.LikeGriffith,they'refacingaone-twopunchatgraduation:hefty(沉重的)studentloansandsmotheringcreditcarddebt—nottomentionajobmarketthat,fornowanyway,isdismal.

"Weaxeforcingourchildrentomakeachoicebetweentwoevils,"saysElizabethWarren,aHarvardLawprofessorandexpertonbankruptcy."Skipcollegeandfacealifeofdiminishedopportunity,orgotocollegeandfacealifeshackled(束縛)bydebt."

TuitionHikes

Forsometime,collegeshaveinsistedtheirsteeptuitionhikesareneededtopayforcutting-edgetechnologies,facultyandadministrationsalaries,andrisinghealthcarecosts.Nowthere'sanewculprit(犯人):shrinkingstatesupport.Caughtinaseverebudgetcrunch,manystateshavesharplysealedbacktheirfundingforhighereducation.

Someonehadtomakeupforthoselostdollars.Andyoucanguesswho—especiallyifyouliveinMassachusetts,whichlastyearhikeditstuitionandfeesby24percent,afterfundingdroppedby3percent,orinMissouri,whereappropriations(撥款)fellby10percent,buttuitionroseatdoublethatrate.Aboutone-thirdofthestates,infact,haveincreasedtuitionandfeesbymorethan10percent.

OneofthosestatesisCalifornia,andJanetBurrell'sfamilyisfeelingthepain.AbookkeeperinTorrance,BurrellhasadaughterattheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavis.Meanwhile,hersonsattendtwo-yearcollegesbecauseBurrellcan'taffordtohavealloftheminfour-yearschoolsatonce.

Meanwhile,evenwithtuitionhikes,California'scommunitycollegesaresostrappedforcashtheydroppedthousandsofclasseslastspring.Theresult:54,000fewerstudents.

CollapsingInvestments

Manyfamiliesthoughttheyhadasurefireplan:eveniftuitionkeptskyrocketing,theyhadinvestedenoughmoneyalongthewaytomeetthecosts.ThenafunnythinghappenedonthewaytoWallStreet.Thoseinvestmentscollapsedwiththestuckmarket.Amongtheloserslastyear:thewildlypopular"529"plans—federaltax-exemptcollegesavingsplansofferedbyindividualstates,whichhaveattractedbillionsfromfamiliesaroundthecountry."Wehearfrommanyparentsthatwhattheyhadsetasidedeclinedinvaluesomuchthattheynowdon'thaveenoughtoseetheirstudentsthrough,"saysPennStatefinancialaiddirectorAnnaGriswold,whowitnesseda10percentincreaseinloanapplicationslastyear.Evenwithamarketthatmaybeslowlyrecovering,itwilltaketime,perhapsseveralyears,forpeopletorecoup(補(bǔ)償)theirlosses.

NadineSayeghis

A.YB.NC.NG

6.

___________aretwoexamplesoffindingcreativewaystokeepingupservicesfortherapidlyagingpopulationinruralEurope.

7.

______believe(s)thatbirdsaswellassomeothernon-humananimalsshowintelligence.

A.Biologists

B.Anewgenerationofscientists

C.ResearchersoftheUniversityofArizona

D.OnlyDrHuntandhiscolleagues

8.

InsomeAsiancountriesknownforstrictdisciplinesuchasJapanandSingapore,youngpeoplesufferseriouspsychologicalproblems.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

Itisthedriver'sresponsibilitytomakechildrenuruler14wearseatbeltsif______.

10.

EvenafterWal-MartmadeSamWaltonextremelywealthy,hestillledaverythriftylifeandaskedhisemployeestofollowsuit.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Achimpanzeeoccasionallyexhibitsbehavior.thatlookslikeaprimitivehumanlaughterunderanyconditions.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

WhatcanyoulearnaboutthePrincesStreet?

A.Itisagardenwithablazeofcolor.

B.Itisamile-longstreetofpalaces.

C.Itisastreetfamousforitsshops.

D.Itisamonumentalmemorial.

13.

Mr.Bailey,the"monkeyartist",preferstofinishitsdrawingwiththehelpofothers.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Theauthorsupportshisbeliefinthe"consequences"ofparentalpressureby______.

15.Governmentinsuranceprogramsdonotinclude______.

A.Latinochildren

B.Hispanicpeople

C.low-incomeadults

D.undocumentedimmigrants

16.

TheInternet's___________________programmingisn'tsuitableformobilephones.

17.

______becamethefirstparliamentintheworldtosuspendprivateprofitmakingintheuseofwater.

18.Divorce

Forevery1,000marriedcouplesintheUK,13endupdivorcedaccordingtostatistics.Divorceisoftenacomplicatedandmessyprocess,andthrowsupmanypities.

DivorceIssues

Suchpainfulissuesaswhethertosellyourhome,whichparentwilllookafteryourchildren,andhowitwillaffectanyloansyoumayhave,willallhavetoberesolved.AndifyouaredivorcingyourpartnerinScotlandratherthaninEnglandandWalesthenanothersetoflawswillapply.

Formanycouples,obtainingadivorcehasneverbeeneasier.Theold-fashionedconceptofestablishingthatonepartyisatfaulthasbeencommittedtohistoryandtheimportantfacttoestablishnowisthattherelationshiphas"irreparablybrokendown".

InCourtorOnline?

Itisevenpossibletodivorceyourpartneronline,allowingyoutosaveonlegalcosts—andaccordingtoonlineexperts,thiscansaveyouabout￡700fromtheaverage￡800.

However,thismethodisonlysuitableforverystraightforwardanduncontesteddivorces.Alternatively,youcanapplyfordivorceatacountycourtinEnglandandWales,buttodothis,couplesmusthavebeenmarriedforatleastayear.

Thefirststageofdivorceisobtainingwhatisknownasa"Decreenisi(日后才生效的離婚判決書)".Thisisgrantedifthecourtissatisfiedthemarriagehas"irreparablybrokendown",andthisisprovenbyshowingoneoffivethings:adultery(通奸行為);unreasonablebehavior;desertiononthepartofonepartnerforatleasttwoyears;thatthecouplehavebeenseparatedfortwoyearsandbothspousesagreetodivorce;orthatthecouplehavebeenseparatedforfiveyears.Yourspouse's"unreasonablebehavior"mustbesointolerablethatnobodycouldreasonablyexpectyoutocarryonlivingwithhimorher.Itcouldinclude,forexample,financialcarelessness,drinking,gambling,orlackofemotionalsupport.Youcannotbaseyourdivorceonthisifyouthenlivetogetherforaperiodofmorethansixmonthsafterwards.Thisrulealsoappliestodesertion,andthediscoverythatadulteryhastakenplace.

Thesecondandfinalstageisobtaininga"Decreeabsolute(絕對判決)".Thedivorcecanbestoppedatanytimeuntilthisisgranted,soitisadvisabletosortoutallthefinancialandpracticaldetailsfirst.

UsingaDivorceLawyer

Ifasinthevastmajorityofcases,yourrelationshipiscomplicated,itisadvisabletoseeklegaladvicefromafamousfamilylawadvisor,whowillbeabletoproperlyadviseyouaboutyourrightsandresponsibilities.

IfyouareunsurehowtogoaboutchoosingalawyerthenitmightbeagoodideatoconsulttheLawSocietyortheFamilyLawSolicitorsAssociation,whokeepalistofqualifiedlawyers.AlternativelyvisittheCitizen'sAdviceBureauwhohasagreatdealofinformationregardingsuchmatters.

WhatAretheAlternatives?

Negotiationisavoluntaryservicethatallowsyouandyourpartnertomeetwithatrainedandimpartialnegotiatortoclarifytheissues,discusstheavailableoptions,andreachdecisionsacceptabletoyouboth.Whilethenegotiatorwillmanagetheprocessofnegotiation,heorsheisnottheretopromoteeitherperson'sinterests.Thedecisionsarefinallyyours.

Youwillstillrequiretheservicesofalawyertoputyourdecisionsonpropertyorfinancialmattersintolegalform.Thegovernmentiskeenforpeopletoattendnegotiation,andthenumberofpeopleofferingthisservicehasvastlyincreasedinthelastfewyears.Youmayberequiredtoattendnegotiationmeetingsifyourdivorceisfundedbylegalaid.FormoreinformationvisitourfeatureonNegotiation.

WhatAbouttheChildren?

Divorcecanbeespeciallyconfusingforchildren,whoarelikelytofeelconfusedbyeventsandmayevenblamethemselvesfortheirparentssplittingup.Soitisimp

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

AccordingtoProf.Bhushan,wecouldhavestain-resistantwindowglassbyusingsuper-smoothpolymersheets,whichareproducedby_________.

20.

Thosepeoplewhohavesetupcorrectgoalswillalwaysbehappy.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(22)

A.Tohelphimexplaintheinformationtohisroommate.

B.Tohelphimwriteapaper.

C.Toprepareforatest.

D.Totellherifnotesareaccurate.

22.

【B8】

23.(31)

A.Byusingsatelliteimages,maps,etc.

B.Bystudyingspecific{armingmethods.

C.Bystudyingthevariationofhumanpopulation.

D.Byanalyzingthequalityofcrops.

24.

【B6】

25.聽力原文：M:Sorry.I'vebeenrunningslightlybehindschedule.

W:Slightly?Steve,doyourealizeit'salmosteleven?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(17)

A.Steve'sclockisrunningfast.

B.Steveshouldn'tgorunninglateatnight.

C.Steve'sscheduleiseasierthanhers.

D.Steveisextremelylate.

26.聽力原文：M：WhatkindoffatheramI?Mydaughterhashadafeverforacoupleofdays，butIdidn'tevenknowaboutit.

W：Don'tblameyourselftoomuch．You'vebeentoomuchinvolvedinthecompany'sworktonoticeit,Iguess．Youreallyshouldtakesometimeoff．

Q：Whatcanweknowaboutthemanfromtheconversation?

(19)

A.Heisanirresponsiblefather.

B.Heiscareless.

C.Heisverybusywithwork.

D.Heisindifferenttohisfamily.

27.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Hethinksitisratherhot.

B.Hethinksitisreallywarm.

C.Hethinksitisnotwarm.

D.Hethinksitisverycomfortable.

28.

【B11】

29.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

(27)

A.Tocommemorateahistoricflight,

B.Totryouteightnewballoons.

C.TorecruitballoonistsfromallovertheUnitedStates.

D.Totestwhetherhelium(氦氣)balloonsarebetterthanhot-airballoons.

30.(32)

A.Beginbreathingthroughthenostrils.

B.Slowdownsomewhat,butcontinuestraining.

C.Stoptheparticularexerciseatonce.

D.Closehismonthimmediately

31.

【B5】

32.聽力原文：M:I'mfrustrated.We'resupposedtodoourassignmentonthecomputer,butIhavedifficultygettingaccesstothecomputersinthelibrary.

W:Iunderstandthewayyoufeel.I'mlookingforwardtothedaywhenIcanaffordtogetmyown.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(18)

A.Themancanusehercomputer.

B.Shecan'taffordacomputerrightnow.

C.Shecan'tfinishherassignment,either.

D.Themanshouldbuyacomputerrightaway.

33.(29)

A.Heknewthisbeforehand.

B.Hejudgedfromtimezones.

C.HemadesuchajudgmentsoastoWang.

D.Hegavesuchanexplanationbecauseheanalyzedthespeedsofsoundandelectricity.

34.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:Canyougivemesomethingtorelievemystomachache,doctor?

W:Youmaytakethesepillsthreetimesaday,aftereachmeal.Remembertotaketwopillseachtime.

Q:Howmanypillswillthemantakeaday?

(12)

A.2.B.3.C.6.D.9.

35.(42)

36.【B2】

37.【B11】

38.聽力原文：M:Ihaveneverseensuchaninterestingshow.IhopeyouenjoyeditasmuchasIdid.

W:ImustadmitthatIfeltsleepyduringthetwohours.

Q:Howdidthewomanfeelabouttheshow?

(13)

A.Enjoyable.B.Inspiring.C.Moving.D.Dull.

39.(25)

A.Heisabeginner.

B.Heishelpingthewomantolearnskiing.

C.Heistheowneroftheskiingresort.

D.Heisthewoman'scolleague.

40.

【B3】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

WhenitcomestopubliceducationintheUnitedStates,freemarketsandfleemindsaremutuallyexclusive.Recentcommercialventuresintheclassroomdemonstratethatwhencorporationsattempttocashinonthecrisisineducation,theyaremoreinterestedinyouthaspassiveconsumers--tobemarketedtothehighestbidder-thanasactivethinkers.Themostglaringoftheseventures(企業(yè))isChannelone,acommercialTVprogramwhichWhittleCommunicationsbroadcastsintoalmost12,000juniorhighandhighschoolsacrossthecountry.Foreachthirty-secondcommercialonChannelOne(theprogramcontainstwominutesofcommercialsperbroadcast),Whittlegarners(收取)＄195,455fromadvertisersincludingBurgerKing,Procter&Gamble,andReebok.

Thislessoninclassroomcommercialismdefinesdemocracy--notascivicresponsibilityorcommunityinvolvement--butasbuyer'schoice.Commercialismreduceseducationtoaspectatoreventandstudentstoatargetaudience.Butstudentsaredefyingmarketers'visionofthemaseasyconvertstobrandloyalty.Youtharenotjustsittingbackmemorizingadvertisingjingles:increasingly,theyaretakingactionagainstcommercialsintheirschools.

StudentsatCoronadoHighSchoolinCoronado,California,forinstance,wroteaneditorialintheirschoolpaperheadlined"ChannelOneInvadesCoronadohighSchool"whichasked:"DoyougetthefeelingthatBigBrotherwillbewatching?IdoWemustinvestigatethemakersofChannelonemorebeforeweputsuchahugeamountoftrustintheirhandsSellingadvertisingmutesoutofourschooldayexploitstheentireeducationalprocess.Itcheapensit.Educationnolongerbecomesalearningprocess,itbecomesabillboard."

Manyyoungpeople,however,feelthattheissueismoreaboutfreedomthanitisthemotivesofcorporationsthatexploiteducationforadvertisingpurposes.

Whatisthemaintopicofthisarticle?

A.Corporationsattempttocashinonthecrisisineducation.

B.Communicationsbroadcastsintoalmost12,000juniorhighandhighschools.

C.Educationnolongerbecomesalearningprocess.

D.Thisarticleillustratesfreemarketsandfreemindsaremutuallyexclusive.

42.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

"ThisIsYourBrainonMusic"

Neuroscientist(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家)DanielLevitin'swonderfulnewbookexplainswhymusicisacriticalstepinhumanevolutionandwhythesongswelovedasteensremainstuckon"play"inourheads.

Ifyouhappenedtohavebeenbornbetweenabout1978and1981,there'safairchanceyoucountyourselfanobsessiveoftheSouthernCaliforniarockbandWeezer.Theaffectionwouldnotmakesensetothoseevenjustabitolderoryounger,whomightregardWeezer'sguitarpopascleverandpleasingbutalsosomewhattooshallowtohavemuchlastingsignificance.Thoseofacertainage,though,experiencedthegroup's1994eponymousdebutrelease,knowntofansastheBlueAlbum,asathingofpreciseandoverflowingemotion—10tracksthatfunctionedlikekeystosecretlocksintheteenagebrain,openingupalltheawkwardnessandanxiousnessofthosemelodramatichighschoolyears.

Weallhavemusiclikethis,musicthatburnsintothesoulwhenwe'reyoungandremainsessentialfortherestoftime.FormeitwastheBlueAlbumandanythingtheSmashingPumpkinsdidupuntilabout1998.Foryouit'ssomethingelse,butit'ssurelysomething—there'satapeorrecordorCDthatonceknockedyououtwithaforcethat,cheesyasitistoremember,feltliketruelove.Putononeofthosesongsnowand,ifit'sbeenalongtime,theeffectislikeanoldmovie;thescenesplaybackforyouinentireexhilaratingreels.What'shappeningwhenmusiccapturesyouinthiswaydeservessomescrutiny.Youmayfeellikethesongsaregrabbingyourheart,butwhat'sactuallygoingonisinyourhead.There,saysDanielJ.Levitininhisnewbook"ThisIsYourBrainonMusic,"an"exquisiteorchestrationofbrainregions"areengagedina"precisionchoreographyofneurochemical(影響神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的化學(xué)物質(zhì))uptakeandrelease."Whyhumanbeingsmakeandenjoymusicis,inLevitin'stelling,adeliciousstoryofevolution,anatomy,perceptionandcomputation—astorythat'sallthemorethrillingwhenyouconsideritsresult,thejoyoflivinginaworldfilledwithmusic.

Whatdoyouknowabout"ThisIsYourBrainonMusic"fromthispassage?

43.

Theexpression"around-the-clock"(Line4,Para.2)mostprobablymeans______.

44.

WhatkindofrelationshipisreflectedbetweenMr.Dantasandgovernmentinthepassage?

A.Hisinfluenceongovernmentmayreducehisnotorietyandcrime.

B.Inbusinessprivatization,heparticipatedwithdemandingexpertise.

C.HenevermeetsthePresidenthimself.

D.Peopleknowinghimdeemthathewassheerevil.

45.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Itishardlysurprisingthatsomethingcalleddarkenergyishardtostudy.Itisimportant,though.Ifitexistsatall,itmakesupaboutthree-quartersofthestuffintheuniverse.Andifitdoesnotexist,thenexistingtheoriesofphysicswillhavetobeuseless.

ThelatestevidencethatdarkenergyreallydoesexistwasproducedonDecember16thbyAlexeyVikhlinin,oftheSmithsonianObservatoryinCambridge,Massachusetts,andhiscolleagues.TheyusedanorbitingX-raytelescopecalledChandratostudythewaythatgroupsofgalaxiesgrow.Theydiscoveredthatthisgrowthisrestrainedinexactlythewaythatdark-energytheorypredicts.

Theideaofdarkenergywasdreameduptenyearsago,toexplainwhytheexpansionoftheuniversethatbeganwiththeBigBangseemstobeaccelerating,ratherthanslowingdown.Thatunexpectedfindingwastheresultofstudiesofsupernovas(超新星)whoseapparentbrightness(andthereforedistance)didnotmatchtheprevioustheory.Darkenergycausestheaccelerationbypushingspaceitselfapart,alteringthedistancestothesupernovasasitdoesso.

Darkenergyisalsoaconvenientexplanationforanothercuriosity.Geometrically,spaceisflat.Forittobeheldthatway,ratherthangettingmoreandmorecurvedovertime,theamountofmatterandenergyitcontainsmustbeataparticular,criticaldensity.Withoutthedarkenergyneededtoexplaintheacceleration,theuniversewouldhaveonlyaquarterofthenecessarydensity.ItisthereforeareliefthatDrVikhlinin'sresultsagreewiththetheory:thepushingapartofspacethatdarkenergycausesmakesitharderthanitotherwisewouldbeforgalacticclusters(銀河星團(tuán))togrow.

Thisresultdoesnotbringphysicistsmuchclosertounderstandingwhatdarkenergyactuallyis.Thefavoredexplanationistheso-calleduniversalconstant--anas-yet-unobservedconsequenceofthegeneraltheoryofrelativity.Butthattheorypredictsaforcefarmorepowerfulthantheoneactuallyseen.Sothetruthisthatphysicistsarestillinthedark.

Ifbyanychancethereisnodarkenergy,theoriesofphysicswillbe______.

46.

WhatdoestheauthormeanbygivingtheexamplesoftheUSandtheSaharaDesertinParagraphTwo?

A.TheUSisthewealthiestcountryintheworldwhiletheSaharaDesertisthepoorestregion.

B.Someregionsoftheworldarewellsuppliedwithnaturalresourceswhileotherregionspossessnoneofthem.

C.Somecountriescanbetterusenaturalresourceswhileothercountrieshavebeenunabletodeveloptheirresources.

D.TheUShasasoundandstablepoliticalconditionwhiletheSaharaDeserthassufferedformanyyearsfromcivilwars.

47.

Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.

A.studentsshouldnothavepart-timejobs

B.creditcardsshouldnotbeused

C.ifthereisnocreditcard,collegestudentsmaynotcommitsuicide

D.collegestudentsshouldlearntowiselymanagetheirpersonalfinances

48.TheearlystagesofTheTennesseeBunCompanyweresodifficultthatHarringtoncouldn'tevenaffordto______.

49.

Comparedwithothermusicplayers,theiPod______.

A.hasbeenbeatenbycheaperknockoffs

B.adoptsnextgenerationmusiccompressionformat

C.concentratesonpeople'smusiclisteninghabitsandtastes

D.isaportableandconvenientlibraryfortoday'speople

50.Wecaninferfromthetextthattheappearanceof"immortal"lifeis______.

A.afadinghope

B.farfromcertain

C.justanillusion

D.onlyamatteroftime

51.AccordingtoKarelHelsen,whoweremainlyinchargeofEuropean'sfibre-layingprojects?

52.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.96percentoftheearth'ssurfaceiscoveredbyice.

B.Over10millionsquaremilesoftheearth'ssurfacearecoveredbyicenow.

C.Almostalloftheicesheetscoveringthelandandglaciersinthemountainshavebeenhidden.

D.Mostoftheiceontheearth'ssurfaceislocatedinAntarcticandGreenlandforthetimebeing.

53.

Accordingtothepassage,thethemesfoundinTheScarletLetterare______.

A.foundinmanyexamplesofHawthorne'swork

B.thekeytosolveitsmystery

C.commonamongHawthorne'scontemporaries

D.uniquetothenovel

54.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

"ItisdifficultnottohearinStandardEnglishalwaysthesoundofslaughterandconquest"(Hooks,1994).

Leaningonelanguagemeansacquiringitsculturebecauseonecannotbeseparatedfromtheother.Thisgainisaccompaniedbytheinevitabletransformationorlossofcertainaspectsofthefirstlanguageandculture.Thefearformany,therefore,isthatteachingonecommonlanguagewillcreateacommonworldculture,butattheexpenseoftheotherculturesworldwide.Thislossofculturewillultimatelyleadtoalossofthemanydifferentidentitiescreatingaclone(克隆)ofthemoredominantidentityoftheEnglishSpeakingWorld.

Theindividuals'culturalidentitywilldisintegrate(碎裂、分解),leadingtoasuppressedidentityespeciallyifthefirstlanguageandcultureareconsidereddeficientcomparedtothelearnedlanguageandcultureofEnglish.SocomparedtothenativespeakeroftheEnglish,individualswillconsiderthemselvesinferiorandthisfeelingofinferiorityisintensifiedbecauseofthenativespeaker'sfeelingofsuperiority.Atthesametime,thoselearningandusingthelanguageofpower(inthiscaseEnglish)becomepartofanelitist(精英)group,whobyvirtueofpositionoreducationexercisepowerorinfluenceoverothersintheirgroupwhohavenotlearnedEnglish.ThusbecauseoftheassumptionthattheknowledgeofEnglishisrelatedtointellectualandsocialsuperiority,theEnglishspeakinggroupendsupwithpowerandinfluenceoverthenon-Englishspeakers.AlinguistichierarchyofpoweriscreatedwiththenativeEnglishspeakerontop,followedbythenon-nativespeakerofEnglish,leavingthenon-Englishspeakeratthebottom.

Inthiscontext,PhillipsonproposesthetermofEnglishLinguisticImperialism.

LinguisticImperialismismaintainedduetotheelitism(精英主義)whichbecomesentrenched(確立的)insocietywhenthedominanceofonelanguagebecomesanacceptednorm,andthespeakersofthatlanguageareassumedtohaveintellectualandsocialsuperioritythatensurestheirpowerandinfluenceoverothers,ElitismcanbetracedtotheFrenchwordelite,whichmeansselectionorchoice,andinthecaseoflinguisticelitismtheactofselectionorchoiceisdonebythenativespeakersofthelanguageaswellasthenon-nativespeakers.Thenon-nativespeakersofthelanguage(English),especiallythosewhoneveracquirenativefluency,areassumedbytheirpeers(同輩、同等的人)aswellasbythenativespeakersasbeingintellectuallydeficientinsomeway.ThemanifestationsofthiselitistattitudetowardtheEnglishlanguageareprevalent(盛行的)inallaspectsoflifefromeducationalinstitutionstobusinessesandso