多孔交聯(lián)聚苯胺及其復(fù)合材料的制備、結(jié)構(gòu)和性能研究摘要：多孔交聯(lián)聚苯胺(PPy)及其復(fù)合材料是一種新型的多孔材料，具有優(yōu)異的物理和化學(xué)性質(zhì)。本研究制備了不同孔徑的多孔交聯(lián)聚苯胺，并研究了其結(jié)構(gòu)和性能。結(jié)果表明，孔徑對多孔PPy材料的比表面積、孔隙度和導(dǎo)電性能等有顯著影響。在此基礎(chǔ)上，制備了多孔PPy復(fù)合材料，如多孔PPy/納米銀、多孔PPy/納米二氧化鈦等，研究了其光催化性能、電化學(xué)性能和吸附性能等。結(jié)果表明，復(fù)合材料具有良好的物理和化學(xué)性質(zhì)，并展現(xiàn)了較高的吸附性能、光催化性能和電化學(xué)性能。因此，多孔PPy及其復(fù)合材料在環(huán)境治理、電化學(xué)儲能、生物醫(yī)學(xué)和傳感領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。

關(guān)鍵詞：多孔交聯(lián)聚苯胺；孔徑；比表面積；孔隙度；復(fù)合材料；光催化性能；電化學(xué)性能；吸附性能

Abstract:Porouscross-linkedpolyaniline(PPy)anditscompositesareanewtypeofporousmaterialwithexcellentphysicalandchemicalproperties.Inthisstudy,porouscross-linkedpolyanilinewithdifferentporesizeswasprepared,anditsstructureandpropertieswerestudied.Theresultsshowedthatporesizehadasignificanteffectonthespecificsurfacearea,porosity,andconductivityofporousPPymaterials.Basedonthis,porousPPycompositessuchasporousPPy/nanosilverandporousPPy/nanotitaniumdioxidewereprepared,andtheirphotocatalyticperformance,electrochemicalproperties,andadsorptioncapacitywerestudied.Theresultsshowedthatthecompositeshadgoodphysicalandchemicalpropertiesandexhibitedhighadsorptioncapacity,photocatalyticperformance,andelectrochemicalproperties.Therefore,porousPPyanditscompositeshavebroadapplicationprospectsinenvironmentalremediation,electrochemicalenergystorage,biomedicalandsensingfields.

Keywords:porouscross-linkedpolyaniline;poresize;specificsurfacearea;porosity;compositematerials;photocatalyticperformance;electrochemicalproperties;adsorptioncapacitPorouscross-linkedpolyaniline(PPy)hasbeenextensivelystudiedduetoitsuniquepropertiesandpotentialapplications.Theporesize,specificsurfacearea,andporosityofPPycanbeeasilycontrolledbyadjustingthesynthesisconditions,suchasthechoiceoftemplateandcross-linkingagent.PPyhasbeenwidelyusedasafunctionalmaterialforthedevelopmentofcompositematerials.

TheincorporationofPPyintocompositematerialscansignificantlyenhancetheirproperties,suchasmechanicalstrength,electricalconductivity,andthermalstability.Forexample,PPycanbeusedasafillerinpolymernanocompositestoimprovetheirmechanicalproperties.Inaddition,PPycanalsobecombinedwithotherfunctionalmaterials,suchasgrapheneoxideandmetalnanoparticles,tocreatemultifunctionalcompositematerialswithenhancedproperties.

PPyanditscompositeshavealsobeenreportedtoexhibitexcellentadsorptioncapacitytowardsorganicpollutants,heavymetals,anddyes.ThehighspecificsurfaceareaandporosityofPPyprovideampleactivesitesfortheadsorptionoftargetpollutants.Moreover,theelectrochemicalpropertiesofPPymakeitanexcellentcandidateforelectrochemicalsensingandenergystorageapplications.

Inaddition,PPyanditscompositeshaveexhibitedsignificantphotocatalyticactivityinthedegradationoforganicpollutantsandthereductionofmetalions.ThephotocatalyticperformanceofPPycanbefurtherenhancedbytheincorporationofotherphotocatalyticmaterials,suchasTiO2andZnO,intothecompositestructure.

Inconclusion,porousPPyanditscompositeshaveshownpromisingapplicationsinenvironmentalremediation,electrochemicalenergystorage,biomedical,andsensingfields.Thecontrollableporesize,specificsurfacearea,andporosityofPPyallowforthedevelopmentoftailoredmaterialsforspecificapplications.Withfurtherresearchanddevelopment,PPyanditscompositesholdgreatpotentialforsolvingvariousenvironmentalandenergy-relatedissuesOnepromisingapplicationofPPyanditscompositesisinwatertreatment.Thehighsurfaceareaandporosityofthesematerialsmakethemeffectiveinadsorbingandremovingawiderangeofpollutantsfromwater.Additionally,PPyanditscompositescanalsobeusedfortheremovalofheavymetalsandorganicdyesfromwastewater.Theabilitytotailortheporesizeandsurfacechemistryofthesematerialscanleadtoenhancedadsorptionperformanceandselectivity.

AnotherapplicationofPPyanditscompositesisinenergystoragedevices,suchassupercapacitorsandlithium-ionbatteries.TheconductivenatureofPPymakesitanexcellentmaterialforuseasanelectrodeinthesedevices.Additionally,theporosityofPPyanditscompositescanincreasethesurfaceareaavailableforelectrochemicalreactions,improvingtheoverallefficiencyofthedevice.

ThebiomedicalfieldalsostandstobenefitfromPPyanditscomposites.ThebiocompatibilityofPPyandtheabilitytotailoritssurfacechemistrycanbeusedtocontroltheinteractionbetweenthematerialandbiologicalsystems.Forexample,PPyanditscompositescanbeusedfordrugdelivery,biosensors,andtissueengineering.

Finally,PPyanditscompositeshavepotentialforuseinsensingapplications.TheconductivityofPPycanbemodulatedbyvariousexternalstimuli,suchastemperature,pH,andgases,makingitanexcellentmaterialforsensingapplications.Additionally,thehighsurfaceareaandporosityofPPymakeitanidealmaterialforthedevelopmentofbiosensorsandenvironmentalsensors.

Inconclusion,PPyanditscompositesholdgreatpotentialforsolvingvariousenvironmentalandenergy-relatedissues,aswellasforuseinbiomedicalandsensingapplications.Asresearchintothesematerialscontinues,wecanexpecttoseenewandinnovativeapplicationsforPPyanditscompositesemergePPyanditscompositeshaveshownpromisingresultsinvariousapplications,andresearchonthesematerialsisongoing.OneexcitingareaofresearchisthedevelopmentofPPy-basedmaterialsforenergystorage.PPyhasbeenfoundtobeahighlyconductivematerial,makingitanidealchoiceforuseinbatteriesandsupercapacitors.ResearchershavebeenabletoengineerPPy-basedmaterialswithhighspecificcapacitance,excellentcyclingstability,andhighpowerdensity,makingthempotentiallyusefulforlarge-scaleenergystorageapplications.

Moreover,PPy-basedmaterialshavealsobeeninvestigatedforuseinelectrocatalysisapplications.PPyexhibitsexcellentcatalyticactivity,andresearchershavebeenexploringwaystofurtherenhancetheperformanceofPPy-basedcatalysts.Forexample,integrationofPPywithothermaterials,suchasgrapheneorcarbonnanotubes,hasbeenfoundtosignificantlyincreasethecatalyticactivityofPPy.

Inadditiontoenergy-relatedapplications,PPyhasalsoshownpotentialinthefieldofbiomedicine.PPy-basedmaterialshavebeeninvestigatedforuseindrugdeliveryandtissueengineeringapplications.ResearchershavebeenabletofunctionalizePPywithvariousbiologicallyactivemolecules,suchasproteinsandgrowthfactors,toachievetargeteddrugdelivery.Furthermore,PPyhasbeenshowntopromotecelladhesionandproliferation,makingitanidealmaterialfortissueengineering.

PPy-basedmaterialshavealsobeenexploredforuseinsensingapplications.PPyexhibitsexcellentconductivityandsensitivitytochangesinitsenvironment,makingitanidealmaterialforsensors.Forexample,PPycanbeusedinthedevelopmentofgassensors,pHsensors,andbiosensors.PPy-basedbiosensorshaveshownpromiseforthedetectionofvarious