Unit4Earthquakes1/46關(guān)鍵單詞earthquakequake1．_____________n．地震→________n．震動(dòng)；地震2．________vi.(burst,burst)爆裂；暴發(fā)n．突然破裂；暴發(fā)bursteventruinsufferingsuffer3．________n．事件；大事extremeextremely4．________n．廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)5．__________n．苦難；痛苦→________v．遭受；受苦6．________adj.極度→___________adv.極其，非常2/467．________vt.損害；傷害→________adj.受傷→________n．傷害，損害；受傷injureinjuredinjury8．________vt.破壞；毀壞；毀滅→________n．破壞者；毀滅者→__________n．破壞；毀滅destroydestroyer9．________adj.無用；無效；無益→________adj.有用destructionuselessusefulshock10．________vt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動(dòng)n．休克；打擊；震驚→________adj.令人震驚shockingrescue11．________n．&vt.援救；營救3/46trapelectricityelectricelectrical12．________vt.使陷入困境n．陷阱；困境13．___________n．電；電流；電學(xué)→________adj.電；帶電→___________adj.用電；與電相關(guān)disaster14．________n．災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍burymineminer15．________vt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏16．________n．礦；礦山；礦井→________n．礦工17．________n．&vt.損失；損害damage4/46frightenfrightenedfrighteningfright

18．________vt.使驚嚇；恐嚇→___________adj.受驚；受恐嚇→____________adj.令人恐懼→________n．驚嚇；恐嚇congratulationcongratulate19．______________n．祝賀；(復(fù)數(shù))賀詞→___________v．祝賀sincerelysincere20．________adv.真誠地；真摯地→________adj.真誠；真摯expressexpressionn．快車；速遞→__________

21．________vt.表示；表示n．表示；表情5/46常考短語rightasend1．________away立刻；馬上2．_______if好像；好像ruinsdig3．a(chǎn)tan________結(jié)束；終止4．in________嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪5．________out掘出；發(fā)覺numberproud6．a(chǎn)(great)________of許多；大量getraise7．be________of以……而自豪8．________awayfrom從……逃離9．________money籌錢；募捐6/46經(jīng)典佳句Whatdoyouthink

1．________________________________willhappenbeforeanearthquake?發(fā)生地震前你認(rèn)為會(huì)發(fā)生什么事？ 2．Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigswere________________________________.農(nóng)場里雞和豬太恐慌以至不吃東西。toonervoustoeat3．It________________________theworldwasatanend！好像到了世界末日！seemedasif7/46wasnot

4．Allhope________________lost.不是全部希望都破滅了。 5．Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors________________hadbeendestroyed.救援人員為那些家園被毀幸存者蓋起了避難所。whosehomes8/46wereinjuredofgreatlywould

課文回顧

AterribleearthquakehitthecityofTangshanonJuly28,1976,inwhichthousandsofpeoplediedandmany1.______________(injure)．Manyhousesfelldownandsandfilledthewellsinstead2.________water.Peoplewere3.________(great)shocked.Alltheelectricityinthecitywascutoffandpeoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisaster4.________(will)last.Thewholecitywascompletely5.____________(destroy)andtheworldseemedatitsend.

destroyed9/46becauseweretrappedto

ThepeopleofTangshandidn'tlosehope6.________150,000soldiersweresenttohelptherescueworkers.Thesoldierstriedtheirbesttodigoutthosewho7._____________(trap)．Theyalsobuiltsheltersforthesurvivors.Freshwaterwastakentothecitybyeverymeans.Slowly,thecitybegantocomeback8.________life. Itwassaidthatbeforethequake,strangethingswerehappeninginthecountryside.Thewaterinthevillage9.________(well)roseandfell.Fishjumpedoutoftheponds.Strangenoiseswereheardinthesky,butpeople10.________(think)littleofthem.wellsthought10/46單句語法填空1．(年新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷·語法填空)Steamengines__________(use)topullthecarriages.wereusedtrappedinjured

2．Thousandsofsoldiersweresenttheretorescuethose_________(trap)inthebuilding. 3．Intherailwayaccident300peoplewere________(injure)． 4．Katewasdeeply__________(shock)tohearofhissuddendeath.shocked11/46ofawayinso5．Heisapersonwhothinkslittle________hisowninterest.6．Hearingthenews,thegirlrushedtotheschoolright________.acrossfrightening

7．Theearthquakeleftthewholetown________ruins. 8．(年北京卷·單項(xiàng)填空)Peter,pleasesenduspostcards________we'llknowwhereyouhavevisited. 9．Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidecut____________houses,roadsandcanals. 10．Itwasa____________(frighten)night.12/461．burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂；暴發(fā)n．突然破裂；暴發(fā)

burstforth突然出現(xiàn)；突然暴發(fā)出；突然喊出 aburstoflaughter一陣笑聲 burstinonsb./sth.闖進(jìn)；打斷，擾亂(某人或某事) burstintotears/laughter/flames＝burstoutcrying/laughing/burning突然大哭/大笑/燃燒 burstinto(aroom)闖進(jìn)(房間)13/46

【名師指津】

burst和break都指“打破；破裂”，burst強(qiáng)調(diào)因?yàn)閮?nèi)部力量而暴發(fā)、破裂；break則強(qiáng)調(diào)從外部去打破。利用單句語法填空

(1)Heburst________myroomwithoutknockingatthedoor,whichmademeveryangry. (2)Sheburstout________(cry)forawhile,andburstinto________(laugh)foranothermoment,ocryinglaughter14/462．injurevt.損害；傷害injuredadj.受傷theinjured傷員injuryn．傷害；損傷dosb.aninjury＝doaninjurytosb.傷害某人【寫作佳句】(1)Ifyouinjureconscience，itwillhaveitsrevengeonyou.傷害良心，將受到良心嚴(yán)懲。(2)Toomuchsmokingtendstoinjurethevoice.吸煙過多，容易傷害嗓子。15/46辨析injure,hurt,damage,harm和wound

(1)injure指在意外事故中受傷。 (2)hurt強(qiáng)調(diào)精神或情感上受傷害或肉體疼痛。也可指因?yàn)楸旧碓蚨眢w上受傷。 (3)damage通常指物體有所損失。 (4)harm指對(duì)身體有損害，比較慣用。 (5)wound普通指刀傷、槍傷等外傷。16/46hurtwoundinjuredharm利用用上面辨析詞適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Whatyousaid________himdeeply.(2)Thesoldierreceiveda________intheleg.(3)Thechildwasbadly________intheaccident.(4)Thesunlightwill________yourskin.(5)Lastsummer,ahailstorm________tensquarekilometersofgoodlands.damaged17/463．buryv．埋葬；掩埋；隱藏；使陷入；沉醉；覆蓋burysth.in...把某物埋在……buryoneselfin...埋頭于，專心于……beburiedinsth./doingsth.專心于(做)某事【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】表示“埋頭做……”還有這些表示：bedevotedtosth./doingsth.;beabsorbedinsth./doingsth.;beappliedtosth./doingsth.;beoccupiedwithsth./indoingsth.等。18/46buriedburyingwasburiedBurying利用用bury適當(dāng)形式填空

(1)Hewalkedslowly,hishand________(bury)inhispocket. (2)Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,________(bury)herheadinthebookinherhands. (3)Theythinkshe_____________(bury)inthedesert,alongwithafewothers. (4)________(bury)himselfinstudy,hewasn'tawarethatalltheothershadleft.19/464．rescuen.&vt.援救；營救inarescue在營救中cometoone'srescue/therescueofsb.給予某人援助rescueservices/workers救援工作/人員rescuesb./sth.fromsb./sth.從……營救……【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】表示“給予某人幫助”可用cometoone'srescue/aid/assistance/help等詞組。20/46Rescueworkersrescuedfrom利用完成句子，每空一詞(1)搶救人員沖向飛機(jī)墜毀現(xiàn)場。__________________rushedtothesiteoftheplanecrash.(2)他從失火建筑物內(nèi)救出了三個(gè)孩子。He_________threechildren________theburningbuilding.(3)他從橋上跳入水中去搶救那個(gè)溺水兒童。Hedivedoffthebridgeandcametothe________________thedrowningchild.rescueof21/461．rightaway立刻；馬上rightnowatonceinnotime立刻；馬上

immediately

【名師指津】

(1)rightnow既表示“立刻；馬上”，也可表示“現(xiàn)在”。 (2)atonce既表示“立刻；馬上”，還可表示“同時(shí)”。 (3)immediately既是副詞，也可用作連詞，引導(dǎo)從句，相當(dāng)于assoonas。22/46right/right/ataway/now/oncerightaway利用完成句子，每空一詞(1)他沒有馬上回答我問題。Hedidn'tanswermyquestion_________________________.(2)我馬上還書。rightnowImmediatelyI'llreturnthebook________________.(3)醫(yī)生此刻正忙著。Thedoctorisbusy________________.(4)一吃完茶點(diǎn)，他就慌忙起身外出。____________hehadfinishedtea,herosetogoouthurriedly.23/462．a(chǎn)tanend結(jié)束；終止attheendof在……末尾；在……結(jié)束時(shí)bytheendof到……結(jié)束時(shí)；到……末尾時(shí)come/drawtoanend結(jié)束；完結(jié)intheend最終；終于makeanendofsth.＝putanendtosth.結(jié)束或終止某事物withoutend永遠(yuǎn)；沒有完結(jié)endin(doing)sth.以(做)某事結(jié)束或告終endtoend頭并頭，尾并尾；首尾銜接endupdoingsth.結(jié)束；完事；最終做某事end(up)with以……結(jié)束24/46【名師指津】cametoanendatanend慣用作表語，表示“完了”“了結(jié)”。利用同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞Themeetingwasatanend.broughttoanend＝Themeeting______________________________.(come)＝We________themeeting____________________.(bring)putanendtoputtoanend

＝We______________________________themeeting./We________themeeting________________________.(put)25/463．inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪；毀滅lie/beinruins成為廢墟come/gettoruin毀滅；落空bringsth.toruin使毀滅；使落空fallintoruin成為廢墟；破敗getruined毀壞ruinoneself毀掉自己【名師指津】

與harm，destroy相比較，ruin是指破壞最嚴(yán)重，幾乎無法復(fù)原，既指對(duì)城市、建筑物破壞，也指對(duì)人方方面面破壞、毀壞。26/46ruined利用

單句語法填空

(1)Withtimegoingon,thecastlewhichoncewasverybeautifulisnowcompletelyin________(ruin)． (2)Ifyou'readdictedtocomputergames,you'llruin________(you)atlast. (3)Ifyougoonlikethis,whatyouhavegotwillget________(ruin)．ruinsyourself27/464．a(chǎn)(great)numberof許多；大量innumber總共；在數(shù)字上tothenumberof累計(jì)數(shù)為……【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】表示“許多”短語可分為三類：

(1)修飾可數(shù)名詞：alarge/great/goodnumberof,agood/greatmany,quiteafew,dozensof,scoresof,manya＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。 (2)修飾不可數(shù)名詞：agood/greatdealof,alargeamountof,quitealittle。(3)修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞：alotof,lotsof,alargequantityof,largequantitiesof,plentyof。28/46辨析a(great)numberof和thenumberof

(1)a(great)numberof意為“許多；大量”，后面常跟復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 (2)thenumberof意為“……數(shù)目”，后面也跟復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，但其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。29/46利用用be動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Thenumberofteacherspresentatthemeeting________200.is/wasare/were(2)Anumberofteachers___________presentatthemeeting.完成句子，每空一詞agreatnumberof(3)我向那兒孩子捐獻(xiàn)了許多書。Igaveaway________________________________bookstothechildrenthere.Thenumberof

(4)我們學(xué)校學(xué)生數(shù)量從1000名增加到1500多名。 ________________________thestudentsinourschoolhasgrownfrom1,000tomorethan1,500.30/46原句1Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.老鼠跑出田地，尋找地方躲藏。 lookingforplacestohide為現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)在句中做伴隨狀語，表示其動(dòng)作與句子謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或與主語組成主動(dòng)關(guān)系。31/46利用單句語法填空

(1)Ienjoyedmyselfintheoceanofknowledge，either________(do)researchformypapersor________(read)specialeditionbooks.doingreadingfeaturing

(2)ImpressionWestLake________(feature)thelocalcultureofHangzhouanduniquecharmofWestLake,isoneofChina'sTopSevenShows.32/46原句2Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend！好像到了世界末日！

(1)asif＝asthough意為“好像；好像”，既能夠引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，也能夠引導(dǎo)表語從句。當(dāng)說話者認(rèn)為句子所述是不真實(shí)或極少有可能發(fā)生或存在情況時(shí)，從句用虛擬語氣，其動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)形式以下：從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語動(dòng)詞用普通過去時(shí)；從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反，謂語動(dòng)詞用“had＋過去分詞”；從句表示與未來事實(shí)相反，謂語動(dòng)詞用“would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形”。

(2)假如所引導(dǎo)從句表示情況是真實(shí)或極有可能發(fā)生情況，從句使用陳說語氣。33/46

(3)假如所引導(dǎo)從句主語與主句主語相同，而且含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句能夠省略主系，直接接表語(名詞、形容詞、不haddonetosay定式，介詞短語或分詞等)。

利用

單句語法填空

(1)ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI________(do)it? (2)Heopenedhismouthasif(hewere)__________(say)something. (3)Whenapencilispartlyputintowater，itlooksasifit_____________(break)．werebroken34/46原句3Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.成千上萬個(gè)家庭遇難，許許多多孩子變成了孤兒。 wereleftwithoutparents是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，withoutparents是介詞短語，在句中做主語補(bǔ)語，表示主語狀態(tài)。此處使用是“l(fā)eavesb./sth.＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)，可做賓語補(bǔ)足語詞有分詞、不定式、介詞短語、形容詞和副詞等。35/46利用

單句語法填空

(1)Hecamein,leavingthedoor________(open)． (2)Theyoungcouplewerekilledintheaccident,leavingtwochildren___________(home)． (3)Allthestudentshavegone,leavinghim________(seat)aloneintheclassroom.seatedunanswered

(4)Ourteacherwentawayangrilyandleftsomequestions_____________(answer)．homelessopen36/46

利用所學(xué)語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，補(bǔ)充完整下面短文，并背誦下來 OnMay12,,astrongearthquakeshookmyhometown,WenchuaninSichuanProvince.At2：28p.m.,wesuddenlyfelteverythingbegantoshakefiercelyandtheearthroseandfellsharply.Inafewterrible1.________(second),thecityofWenchuanlay2.________ruins.Thesupplyofwaterandelectricity3._________(cut)off.4.________greatnumberofpeoplewereinjuredorkilledandthenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledreachedsecondsinwascutA37/46Tensatmorethan60,000.5.________(ten)ofthousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Itseemedthattheworldwas6.________anend.Butallthehopewasnotlost.Thegovernmentcalledinthearmyandorganizedalotofpeopletorescuethe7.________(trap)people.They8.________(send)theinjuredtohospitalsandburiedthe9.________(die)．Nowadays,wearedoing10.________(we)bestandovercomingallkindsofdifficultiestorebuildourhome.trappedsentdeadour38/46聽說考試(四)故事復(fù)述

本部分故事體裁普通為敘事和簡單夾敘夾議文章，長度在250個(gè)單詞左右。故事內(nèi)容往往比較貼近生活，包含學(xué)校生活、家庭生活、人際交往等。文章結(jié)構(gòu)比較完整，易于經(jīng)過聽來了解內(nèi)容，并進(jìn)行口頭表述。39/46訓(xùn)練時(shí)，要注意以下幾方面：

1．聽取故事時(shí)，要從整體上關(guān)注故事大意，尤其注意開頭句，并統(tǒng)計(jì)關(guān)鍵詞。如聽清楚故事標(biāo)題，標(biāo)題通常對(duì)故事情節(jié)有概括作用；理清故事人物以及人物之間關(guān)系；另外，還要理清故事起因、經(jīng)過、結(jié)果以及蘊(yùn)涵中心意思。切忌盲目記下整個(gè)句子或過多細(xì)節(jié)，以致錯(cuò)過其它故事情節(jié)。只要記住故事大致內(nèi)容，在復(fù)述時(shí)，即使不能使用故事原文表示，也可發(fā)揮短時(shí)記憶作用，用自己語言重新講述故事。40/46

2．復(fù)述故事時(shí)，要明確復(fù)述時(shí)使用人稱或稱謂；復(fù)述要連貫，不要連續(xù)重復(fù)某個(gè)詞或某句話，能夠換用其它詞句表示。考生平時(shí)能夠練習(xí)正確使用詞單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、句子轉(zhuǎn)承時(shí)連詞并多進(jìn)行發(fā)散思維訓(xùn)練，多思索怎樣使用各種不一樣方式表達(dá)同一意思。如：

(原文)“Beforewewentin,whydidyoustopbythetree？”Iasked.“Oh,that'smytroubletree，”hereplied,“IknowIcan'thelphavingtroubleonthejobandinmylife,butthosetroubledon'tbelongtothehousewithmywifeandchildren.IknowIcancontrolonethingforsure.IcanhangthemuponthetreeeverynightbeforeIcomehome.TheninthemorningIpickthemupagainbeforeIleaveforwork.”41/46“Theinterestingthingis，”hesmiled,“whenIcomeoutinthemorningtopickthemup,therearen'tnearlyasmanyasIrememberhangingupthenightbefore.”(復(fù)述)Mycuriositydrovemetoaskhimwhyhehadstoppedaheadofthetreebeforehewentinthehouse.Hesmiledandtoldmethathedidn'twanttobringhistroublehometodisturbhisfamily.Therefore,hedecidedtohangthetroubleonthetreeandpickthemupthenextday.Butitturnedoutthatthenextmorningitseemedtohavefewertroublethanthenightbefore.42/46

3．故事線索離不開“起因、經(jīng)過、結(jié)果”，若含有對(duì)故事中心思想點(diǎn)撥，在復(fù)述時(shí)也要概括。這么才能表達(dá)故事完整性。概括中心思想時(shí)，可嘗試抓住原文名詞或形容詞。復(fù)述時(shí)，可使用間接引語概括對(duì)話主要內(nèi)容，這么既客觀又簡練。如：(原文)Thatday,Isawthepatienceofayoungwifedescribingpaintingstoapersonwithoutsightandthecoura