TPO26-R-2解Q1:Accordingtoparagraph1,waterprovidesallofthefollowingessentialfunctions ntsimproving nts’abilitytoabsorbpreventingnts ingservingasarawmaterialforQ2:Paragraph3suggeststhatduringadryyearproduceevenmoreseedsthaninawetdonotsproutfromtheirbloommuchlaterthaninawetaremoreplentifulthanHowisparagraph2relatedtoparagraphParagraph2providesageneraldescriptionofdesertnts,andparagraph3providesascientific

SurvivalofntsandAnimalsinDesertTheharshconditionsindesertsareintolerableformostntsandanimals.Despitetheseconditions,however,manyvarietiesofntsandanimalshaveadaptedtodesertsinanumberofways.Mostnttissuesdieiftheirwatercontentfallstoolow:thenutrientsthatfeedntsaretransmittedbywater;waterisarawmaterialinthevitalprocessofphotosynthesis;andwaterregulatesthetemperatureofantbyitsabilitytoabsorbheatandbecausewatervaporlosttotheatmospherethroughtheleaveshelpstolowernttemperatures.■Watercontrolsvolumeofntmatterproduced.■Thedistributionofntswithindifferentareasofdesertisalsocontrolledbywater.■Someareas,becauseoftheirsoiltexture,topographicalposition,ordistancefromriversorgroundwater,havevirtuallynowateravailabletonts,whereasothersdo.■[x3]:文章結構題：問第2段第3段之間的關系，第二段先提出兩[x3]:文章結構題：問第2段第3段之間的關系，第二段先提出兩

[x1]:EXEPTAtheatmospherethroughtheleaveshelpstolower nttemperatures.C選項：thenutrientsthatfeed aretransmittedbywatervitalprocessofphotosynthesis批注批注[x2]:Suggest推理題： AB選項，正確，定位句為：Thisdesertsoil.這句話說在雨季，會產生 CDTips：suggest題，一般抽象的一句，有時候的是取反。大部分答1Paragraph2dividesntsintoParagraph2dividesntsintocategories,andparagraph3providesfurtherinformationaboutoneofthesecategories.Paragraph2proposesonewayofdividingdesertntsintocategories,andparagraph3exinsoneproblemwiththismethodofclassification.Paragraph2discussestwocategoriesofdesertnts,andparagraph3introducesathirdcategoryof

Theephemeralntsevadedrought.Givenayearoffavorableprecipitation,suchntswilldevelopvigorouslyandproducelargenumbersofflowersandfruit.Thisreplenishestheseedcontentofthedesertsoil.Theseedsthenliedormantuntilthenextwetyear,whenthedesertbloomsagain.

Insayingthatephemeralswill

批注[x4]:細節題，其 詞匯“vigorously"whenthereisfavorabletheauthormeansthattheirdevelopmentwillstrongandQ5:Theword“countering”inthepassageisinmeaning

Theperennialvegetationadjuststotheariditybymeansofvariousavoidancemechanisms.

Vigorously的意思是充沛，答案自然DmakinguseactingQ6:Accordingtoparagraph4,somedesertntswithrootsystemsthatareextraordinarilywelldevelopedhaverelativelylittlegrowthveryleafyabovegroundnonwoodynttissueresistanttowaterstoredwithintheirQ7:Theword“assured”inthepassageisclosestmeaning Q8:Whatdo“thedatepalm,tamarisk,andmesquite"haveincommon?

Mostdesertntsareprobablybestclassifiedasxerophytes.Theypossessdrought-resistingadaptations:lossofwaterthroughtheleavesisreducedbymeansofdensehairscoveringwaxyleafsurfaces,bytheclosureofporesduringthehottesttimestoreducewaterloss,andbytherollinguporsheddingofleavesatthebeginningofthedryseason.Somexerophytes,thesucculents(includingcacti),storewaterintheirstructures.Anotherwayofcounteringdroughtistohavealimitedamountofmassabovegroundandtohaveextensiverootnetworksbelowground.Itisnotunusualfortherootsofsomedesertperennialstoextenddownwardmorethantenmeters.Somentsarewoodyintype—anadaptationdesignedtopreventcollapseofthenttissuewhenwaterstressproduceswilting.Anotherclassofdesertntisthephreatophyte.Thesehaveadaptedtotheenvironmentbythedevelopmentoflongtaprootsthatpenetratedownwarduntiltheyapproachtheassured

[x7單詞題：確保的意思，答案選擇C[x8]:A選項：foundtogether C選項，因為這三個植物都是前面觀點句，Anotherclassof ntthephreatophyte.的例子。所以正確D選項：breakingthroughhardsoils[x5[x5]:批注[x6]:細節題：定位詞：roothaveextensiverootnetworksground.,B選項：leafyabovegroundC2TheyarealwaysfoundTheydependonsurfacewaterprovidedbystreams,springs,andlakes.TheyareTheirrootsarecapableofbreakingthroughhardQ9:Whichofthesentencesbelowbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentenceinthepassage?IncorrectchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialOnewayanimalsescapeisbyenteringastateofextendeddormancy,knownasaestivation,duringthehottestanddriesttimesofyear.Animalscanescapewithoutusingdirectaction,oraestivation,simplybyreducingtheirmetabolicrateandbodytemperature.Theactionsthatananimalusestoescapeareknownasaestivation,whichsometimesinvolvesareductioninmetabolicrateorbodytemperature.Whentheweatherisespeciallyhotanddry,ananimalmaysufferfromaconditionknownasaestivation,atwhichpointtheanimalneedstoescape.

watersupplyprovidedbygroundwater.Amongthesentsarethedatepalm,tamarisk,andmesquite.Theycommonlygrownearstreamchannels,springs,oronthemarginsoflakes.[x9]:寫，那個hottestanddriesttimes是原B選項：withoutusingdirectaction,CsometimesAnimalsalsohavetoadapttodesertconditions,andtheymaydoitthroughtwoformsofbehavioraladaptation:theyeitherescapeorretreat.Escape[x9]:寫，那個hottestanddriesttimes是原B選項：withoutusingdirectaction,CsometimesQ10:Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5thatallofthecesdesertanimalsretreattoprovideshadefromthe eareceswheresoffoodareleavetheanimalsvulnerableto

Seasonalmigrationisanotherformofescape,especiallyforlargem lsorbirds.Thetermretreatisappliedtotheshort-termescapebehaviorofdesertanimals,anditusuallyassumesthepatternofadailyrhythm.Birdsshelterinnests,rockoverhangs,trees,anddenseshrubstoavoidthehottesthoursoftheday,whilem lsliketheratburrowunderground.

[x10推斷題：包含關系。就是上面那個改寫句，duringwhichanimalsreducetheirmetabolicrateandbodytemperature，所以就是避免光。A選項正B，C，DABAB選項：onlyC選項：both這個詞原文沒提，而且Thesparsedistributionofthefeathers,所conditionsarehottheostricherectsthemonitsback。3adaptationhelpstheostrichcopewithhotdesertEachofitsfeathersisveryshortandItswingsproduceonlyla lairmovementwhenflap.Itsfeathersareverythicklysetonbothitsbackanditswings.Itcanmakeitsfeathersstanduponits

andmorphological(structural)adaptationsthatenablethemtowithstandextremeconditions.Forexample,theostrichhasplumagethatissoconstructedthatthefeathersarelongbutnottoodense.Whenconditionsarehot,theostricherectsthemonitsback,thusincreasingthethicknessofthebarrierbetweensolarradiationandtheskin.Thesparsedistributionofthefeathers,however,alsoallowsconsiderablela lairmovementovertheskinsurface,therebypermittingfurtherheatlossbyconvection.Furthermore,thebirdsorientthemselvescarefullywithregardtotheSunandgentlyflaptheirwingstoincreaseconvectioncooling.Q12:Lookatthefoursquares[■]thatindicatewhere

Theharshconditionsindesertsareintolerableformostntsandanimals.Despitetheseconditions,however,manyvarietiesofnts[zachangzi12本題插入句有andanimalshave[zachangzi12本題插入句有Theincreaseinrewardstilldidnotattractyoungpeopletothishardlife,andconvictedcriminalsandslaveswerepressedintoservicesWherewouldthesentencebestDirections:Selectfromthesevenphrasesbelowthetwophrasesthatcorrectlycharacterizespecialadaptationsfoundprimarilyindesertannualsandthethreephrasesthatcorrectlycharacterizespecialadaptationsfoundprimarilyindesertperennials.Selecteachphraseyouselectintheappropriatecolumnofthetable.Thisquestionisworth3points.

numberofways.Most nttissuesdieiftheirwatercontentfallstoolow:thenutrientsthat ntsaretransmittedbywater;waterisarawmaterial vitalprocess photosynthesis;andwaterregulatesthetemperatureofa ntbyitsabilitytoabsorbheatandbecausewatervaporlosttotheatmospherethroughtheleaveshelpstolower