Unit3Onthemove1．surf

v．沖浪→

surfing

n．沖浪(運動)2．represent

v．代表，表示→representation

n．代表，描述→representative

n．代表adj.典型的，有代表性的3．basev．以為基礎→basisn．基礎；依據→basicadj.基礎的；依據的→basicallyadv.主要地，基當地4．equipv．裝備，裝備→equipmentn．裝備，設施，器具5．defendv．(在競賽中)防守，防衛→defencen．防守；防衛6．diev．死，死亡→deadadj.死的→deathn．死，死亡→dyingadj.快要死的1．representv．代表，表示；描述，描述①Mr.Blackwaschosentorepresentthecompanyattheconference.代表②ThispaintingrepresentsthefirstsettlersarrivinginAmerica.描述，描述③Thisessayrepresentsaconsiderableimprovementonyourrecentwork.表示，表示2．goal

n．球門；進球得分；目標，目的①Hewillkeep

goalinthefootballmatchtomorrow.

球門②Thecrowdcheeredwhenthehometeamscoreda

goal.

進球得分③Youshouldsetyourselfa

goalatthebeginningofeachschoolyear.

目標，目的WordsandPhrases知識重點

1

represent

v．代表，表示，描述，描述；意味著(教材

P26)

Talkaboutwhatyouthink

thesethings

represent

in

afootball

game.說說你以為這些東西在足球競賽中代表什么。[例1]Theannual-ringsrepresenttheamountofwoodformedeachyear.年輪代表著每年生成的木材量。[例2]Thefiguresrepresentageneraldeclineinemployment.這些數字意味著就業人數整體在降落。[造句]地圖上的紅線表示鐵路。Theredlinesonthemaprepresentrailways.[知識拓展](1)represent．．．with．．．用代表represent．．．as．．．把描述成representoneselfas自稱是(2)representationn.代表；描述representativen.代表adj.典型的，有代表性的berepresentativeof代表的[即學即練]單句語法填空Thearticlerepresentsthemillionaireasasimplefamilyman.Thisnovelisavividrepresentation(represent)ofthedarknessofthatperiod.Thiscaseisrepresentativeoftheattitudesofthepolice.知識重點2basisn．基礎；依據(教材P26)Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.足球是一項這樣簡單的運動，這或許是它受歡迎的基礎。[例1]Thebasisofheropinionissomethingshereadinthemagazine.她的建議的依照是從雜志里看來的。[例2]Thearticlewillformthebasisforourdiscussion.這篇文章將形成我們議論的基礎。[造句]我的理論是以靠譜的事實作為依據的。Mytheoryisestablishedonthesolidbasisoffacts.[知識拓展

](1)onthebasisof

在的基礎上，依據onaregularbasis

按期(2)base

v.

以為依照bebasedon

以為基礎[即學即練

]

單句語法填空Don'tevaluateapersononthebasisofappearance.Isuggestedthatwemeetonaregularbasistodiscusstheprogress.Thenovelisbased(base)onhistoricalfacts.知識重點3equipmentn．裝備，設施，器具(教材P26)Youdon'tneedexpensiveequipment;eventheballdoesn'thavetocostmuchmoney.你不需要昂貴的設施，甚至球也不需要花好多錢。[例1]Thegovernmenthasaninterestinbringinginnewequipment.政府對引進新設施特別感興趣。[例2]Withthemodernequipment，ourworkwasfinishedaheadoftime.有了現代設施，我們的工作提早達成了。[造句]實驗室起火后，大批設施被破壞了。Afterafirebrokeoutinthelab

，alotofequipmentwasdamaged.[知識拓展

](1)apiece/setofequipment

一件/套設施(2)equip

vt

.

裝備equip

．．．with

．．．

用裝備beequippedwith

裝備著[即學即練]

單句語法填空Asstudents，weshouldequipourselveswithknowledge.Ournewschoolisequipped(equip)withallthenecessariesinteaching.③Ihavebeenbusypreparingallthebrokenofficeequipment(equip)thesedays.[小片段助記]Ourschoolisequippedwithadvancedteachingequipment.知識重點4contentn．滿意，知足；內容v．使滿意，使知足adj.滿意的，知足的(教材P)Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsplayingtotheirhearts'content26withaballmadeofplasticbags;justlikePelédidwhenhewasaboy.在世界各地，你都能夠看到孩子們盡興地玩著一個由塑料袋做成的球，就像貝利小時候那樣。[例1]Thisisagoodbookasfarasitscontentisconcerned.就內容來說，這是一本好書。[例2]Weshouldnevercontentourselveswithbookknowledgeonly.我們永久不要只是知足于書籍知識。[造句]我們能夠在河里盡興地游泳。Wecanswimintherivertoourhearts'content.[知識拓展](1)toone'sheart'scontent

盡興地，稱心如意地(2)contentoneselfwith

使自己知足于(3)becontentwithsth.

知足于某事becontenttodosth.

知足于做某事(4)contents

所含之物；(書的)目錄[即學即練]

單句語法填空Shedroppedherpurseandthecontents(content)felloutonthefloor.②Asthereisnobutter

，weshallhavetocontentourselveswithdrybread.③Myparentsarecontenttolive(live)inthecountryside

，wheretheairiscleanandvegetablesarefresh.知識重點5defendv．(在競賽中)防守，防衛；保護，捍衛；辯白(教材P26)Youdonothavetobeafantorecognisetheskillofprofessionalplayers—howtheyusetheirbodiestopass，scoreanddefendcanbeamazingtosee．．．你不用是一個球迷就能認識到職業球員的技術——看到他們怎樣利用身體傳球、得分和防守是令人驚詫的[例1]Thebestwaytodefendistoattack.最好的防守就是攻擊。[例2]Wewilldefendourmotherlandtothelastdropofourblood.我們愿為捍衛祖國流盡最后一滴血。[造句]不論付出什么樣的代價，我們都要捍衛我們的城市。Weshalldefendourcity

，whateverthecostmaybe.[知識拓展

](1)defend

．．．from/against

．．．

保護免受；捍衛抵抗(2)defence

n.

防守；捍衛；防守物indefenceof

捍衛；為辯白[即學即練

]

單句語法填空Thewallwasbuilttodefendtheroadfrombeingwashed(wash)awaybythesea.②Whenhewasindanger，twofriendscametohisdefence(defend)．Moreandmorewomentodayhavelearnedtoariseindefenceoftheirlegalrights.[小片段助記

]Intimeofwarbetakentodefend

，lotsofmoneywillbespentonacountryfrombeingattacked.

defence

andmanymeasureswill知識重點

6

putdown

放下；記下；鎮壓(教材

P27)

WorldWar

Ⅰhadbrokenoutmonthsbefore

，

butBritishandGermansoldiers

put

downtheirgunsandplayedfootballtogether

．．．第一次世界大戰在幾個月前就迸發了，可是英國和德國的士兵放下他們的槍，一同踢足球[例1]LetmeputdownyourtelephonenumberincaseIforgetit.讓我記下你的電話號碼免得忘掉。[例2]Theytriedtoputdowntherebellionbyforce.他們試圖用暴力鎮壓反叛。[造句]把那把刀子放下，免得傷人！Putdownthatknifebeforeyouhurtsomebody![知識拓展

]putaway

把收起來，儲藏putout

熄滅；息滅；第一版；生產putoff

推延；緩期putup

舉起，張貼；供給

(價錢)；過夜某人putupwith

忍耐[即學即練

]

單句語法填空Don'tputofftilltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday.②Putawaythetoolsafterwork，willyou?③Smokingisforbiddenhere.Pleaseputyourcigaretteout．Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecanputdownalmosteverywordherteachersays.知識重點7conflictn．武裝矛盾，戰斗，戰爭，矛盾，矛盾v．矛盾，矛盾，反抗(教材P27)．．．onemomentofpeacetorememberduringyearsofconflict.這是多年矛盾中值得紀念的和平常刻。[例1]Armedconflictmaybreakoutatanymoment.武裝矛盾有劍拔弩張之勢。[例2]Thetwostoriesconflicted，soIdidnotknowwhattobelieve.兩個故事相矛盾，我不知道相信哪一個。[造句]兩國間的矛盾終于致使了一場戰爭。Theconflictbetweenthetwocountriesfinallycausedawar.[知識拓展](1)armed/militaryconflict武裝/軍事矛盾comeintoconflictwith與發生矛盾inconflictwith與相矛盾(2)conflictwith與發生矛盾[即學即練]單句語法填空①Sheoftencomesintoconflictwithhermother-in-law.Shefoundherselfinconflictwithherparentsoverherfuturecareer.Ifso，yourpointsofviewareboundtoconflictwithhis.知識重點8amatterof關乎的事情(教材P27)Somepeoplebelievefootballisamatteroflifeanddeath，．．．有些人以為足球是關系重要的事情，[例1]Itakethisseriously.It'samatterofprinciple.我對此很仔細。這是原則問題。[例2]It'samatterofluckwhetherwearesuccessful.我們能否成功是試運氣的事。[造句]這是存亡攸關的大事，不行不以為然。It'samatteroflifeanddeath，andwecan'ttreatitlightly.[知識拓展

]amatterofopinion

見解(不一樣的

)問題asamatteroffact

事實上asamatterofinterest

出于興趣tomakemattersworse

使狀況更糟的是[即學即練

]

單句語法填空Asamatteroffact，Iknownothingaboutthisbook.②Ilostmywayintheforest，andtomakemattersworse(bad)，itbecamedark.Whetherornotheisanygoodasamanagerisamatterofopinion.SentencePatterns重點句式1giventhat指引條件狀語從句(教材P26)GiventhatNeilArmstrongwantedtotakeafootballtotheMoon，wecouldevensaythatitisalsothemostpopularsportoutofthisworld!考慮到尼爾·阿姆斯特朗想把足球帶到月球上，我們甚至能夠說它也是地球以外最受歡迎的運動！句式剖析：giventhat意為“考慮到，基于，假如，若是，只需”，用作連詞指引條件狀語從句。[例1]Giventhatyouhadverylittlehelp，Ithinkyoudidverywellunderthecircumstances.考慮到你幫手不多，我想在這類狀況下，你已經干得不錯了。[例2]Giventhatthereisnotrafficdelay，Iwillbethereontime.只需沒有交通堵塞，我會準時到那邊。[造句]假如他能再一次獲得時機的話，他一定會成功的。Giventhathecangetanotherchance，hewillsurelysucceed.[知識拓展]與giventhat用法近似的還有：provided(that)．．．＝providing(that)．．．若是；在狀況/條件下suppose/supposing(that)．．．若是；在狀況/條件下[翻譯]Youcanusetheroomproviding/provided/supposingthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy(

只需你保持潔凈整齊

)．[即學即練

]

單句語法填空Iwillaccompanyyouprovided/providing(provide)thatIamwellenough.②Given(give)

that

he's

hadsix

monthstodothis

，hehasn't

mademuchprogress.③Suppose/Supposing(suppose)thatwemissthetrain

，whatshallwedo?重點句式2

it

作形式主語，不定式短語作真實的主語(教材P28)Itisamazingtoseehowprofessionalplayersusetheirbodiestopass，scoreanddefend.看職業球員怎樣利用身體傳球、得分和防守是令人驚詫的。句式剖析：Itisamazingtosee．．．是句式“Itis＋adj.＋todosth.”意為“做某事是的”，此中it作形式主語，不定式短語作真實的主語。[例1]Itisinterestingtolookatdifferencesbetweenschoolsindifferentcountries.認識不一樣國家的學校之間的差別是很風趣的。[例2]Itisnoteasytomakehimchangehismind.讓他改變想法不簡單。[造句]在這么短的時間內達成這項工作很難。Itishardtofinishtheworkinsuchashorttime.[知識拓展](1)在Itis＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.句型中，形容詞只好說明不定式所表示的行為的性質或特色，不可以說明不定式動作的履行者。能用于該構造的形容詞有：difficult，easy，hard，important

，impossible

，necessary

，possible

等。(2)在Itis＋

adj.＋

of

sb.to

dosth.

句型中，形容詞說明不定式邏輯主語的品德、性格、性質等，該句型往常可改為：

sb.＋

be

＋adj.

＋

todosth.

。能用于該構造的形容詞有：

nice

，good，stupid

，silly

，careful

等。(3)Itis

＋n．＋

todosth.

做某事是Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人花銷某些時間做某事[翻譯]①Sometimesit'snecessaryforchildrentomaketheirownchoices(孩子們有必需做出他們自己的選擇)．②Itiscarelessofyoutomakesomanymistakes(你犯了這么多錯誤太馬虎了)inyourcomposition.③It'sapleasuretotalkwithyou(

和你講話是件快樂的事

)．[即學即練

]

單句語法填空Itismuchmoredifficulttojudge(judge)oneselfthantojudgeothers.ItisnecessaryforustopractisespeakingEnglisheveryday.Itwascrazyofyoutogoskatingonsuchthinice.Ittookthemabouthalfanhourtoworkoutthedifficultmathsproblem.1．(教材P26)FootballasweknowittodaystartedinGreatBritaingamewasgivennewrules.

，wherethe剖析：此句為主從復合句。

Footballstartedin

GreatBritain

是句子的骨干，此中asweknowittoday

是

as

指引的定語從句修飾先行詞

Football

；逗號后邊為

where

指引的非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞

GreatBritain

。譯文：我們今日所知道的足球運動發源于英國，在那邊競賽被給予了新的規則。2．(教材P26)Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.剖析：此句為主從復合句。Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplay是that指引的主語從句，此中toplay為不定式作定語修飾game；后邊的isperhapsthebasis．．．構成系表構造。譯文：足球是一項特別簡單的運動，這或許是它受歡迎的基礎。教材高考1.Talkaboutwhatyouthink(2019·天津卷)Ifspecialclothesarethesethingsrepresentinaused，theyshouldtrulyrepresentagivenfootballgame.period.2.Goalswerehunginthe(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)Motivationandgoalair.Footballasweknowittodaysettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.startedinGreatBritain．．．3.Thatfootballissuchasimple(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)“Smalltalkisthebasisgametoplayisperhapstheofgoodmanners，”hesays.basisofitspopularity.Youdon'tneedexpensiveequipment;eventheballdoesn'thavetocostmuchmoney.Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsplayingtotheirhearts'contentwithaball．．．6.Anotherfactorbehindfootball'sglobalpopularityisthecreativityandexcitementonthefield.7．．．.howtheyusetheirbodiestopass，scoreanddefendcanbeamazingtosee．．．8．．．.onemomentofpeacetorememberduringyearsofconflict.9.Somepeoplebelievefootballisamatteroflifeanddeath，．．．Ⅰ.單句語法填空

(2019·江蘇卷)．．．developingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternetfacilities.(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.(2019·浙江卷)．．．accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor(要素).(2018·浙江卷)．．．oneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbag.(2017·北京卷)．．．whoseobjectivesconflictwithourown，withtherealworldasthechessboard.(2018·天津卷)Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath.1．Notmanypeoplelovesurfing(surf)ontheInternet.2．Don'tbecontentwithsuchasmallsuccess.3．Acomputeristhemostimportantpieceofequipment(equip)youwillbuy.4．Ithinkweshouldconsiderthetwofactors(factor)abouttheproblem.5．Whatpointscanberaisedindefence(defend)ofthisargument?6．Ihavethehonorofbeingsentastheirrepresentative(represent)．7．Yourstatementisinconflictwiththerestoftheevidence.8．Somevideoshavebeenbannedonthebasisthattheyaretooviolent.9．It'simpossibleformetobe(be)therebeforeeight.10．Given(give)thatthecontractisstrictlycarriedoutanotherbiggercontract.

，wewillgiveyouⅡ.

短語填空goback

，beknownas

，toone'sheart'scontent

，endwith

，what'smore

，breakdown，take．．．forexample

，breakout

，putdown

，amatterof1．Myinterestinstampcollectinggoesbacktomyschooldays.2．Sheisknownasasuccessfulsingerandcomposer.3．Thequalityoftheambulanceserviceisamatteroflifeanddeath.4．It'sausefulbook

，andwhat'smore

，notanexpensiveone.5．Notlongafterhisreturn

，alocalwarbrokeoutnearhistown.6．Sheputdownthephone

，sighed

，andshook