CATＴI三級(jí)筆譯綜合能力考試試題及答案解析(三)?一、VoｃabularySelectiｏｎ(本大題20小題.每題1.0分，共20.０分。Ｉntｈｉspａrt，ｔｈeｒeare２0incomｐｌetesentｅnces.Ｂelowｅａchseｎｔence，thｅrｅaｒefourwｏｒdsorpｈrasesrespｅctiｖelymarkedbylettersA，Ｂ，CaｎdD.Cｈｏosethｅwordoｒphraseｗｈicｈｂestｃompleteｓｅachsenｔeｎce.Ｔheｒeisｏnlｙoｎｅrｉｇhtanｓweｒ．)第１題Marｋｅtiｎgis____＿_(dá)justｄistriｂuｔinｇgoodsfromtheｍanufaｃtuｒeｒtｏtｈeｆiｎaｌcｕstｏmｅr.AratｈeｒthａnＢotｈｅrthaｎCbｉggerthanＤmｏrethan第２題Themagiciａnpickeｄsｅｖｅralｐersons＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)ｆrｏmthｅaｕdiｅnceａndaskedｔhｅmtohelpｈimwithtｈｅperformaｎｃe.AbyａｃcidenｔＢatｒandomＣｏnｏccａsioｎ第3題EnglishlanguagepublｉcatｉonsｉｎChiｎaaｒｅgrｏｗｉngｉnvolｕmeａnｄ_＿_(dá)___.Acircｕlａt(yī)ｉonBrotaｔionＣcircumｓｔanceDaｐpreciation第4題Ｄuｓtｓtorｍsｍosｔｏfｔenocｃｕrｉnarｅａswｈerethegrｏundhａsｌittlevegetatｉoｎｔopｒotecｔoｆtｈｅｗind.AfｒomtｈeeｆfｅctｓBittheeffectｓCｉｔfｒomtheeffectsDｔｈeeｆｆｅｃtｓfrｏｍit第5題Ontuｒｎingthecoｍｅｒ，thｅyｓawｔhｅpａｔh＿_(dá)____steeply.AｄeｐarｔingBｄescｅndｉngCdｅcreasiｎg第6題Ｍｏsｔnursesareｗomeｎ，butｉntｈeｈighｅｒraｎksｏfｔheｍediｃａlｐｒｏfｅssｉoｎｗｏmｅnａｒeａAsｃarｃityＢminｏriｔｙCminｉｍｕm第７題Wｉｔhaneｉghty-houｒweekａndlitｔleenjｏyｍent,lifeｍusthａｖebeｅnveryｆoｒｔheｓtudents.AhｏstilｅBanxiｏｕsCｔedioｕｓDｏbscure第8題Container－ｇrownplantｓcaｎbepｌanｔedａｔａnｙtｉmeｏftheyear，ｂut_＿_(dá)__＿inwｉnter.AｓhｏｕlｄbeＢｗouｌdbｅCｐreｆerreｄDprｅｆerａblｙ第9題Ｈyｄrｏｐoｎicｓ____＿_(dá)thecultｉｖatｉonｏfplaｎtsｗiｔhoｕtsoil．AdoｅsBｉsＣdｏDare第10題Inthｅｅightｅe(cuò)nthcentury，tｈｅtownofBennｉngton,Verｍont,waｓfamｏusfｏrｐoｔtｅry.AitmaｄｅBiｔsCthemａkingDwｈerｅitｓ第1１題Tｏiｍposeｃoｍｐutertecｈnology_＿_(dá)__＿ｔｅａchersistocｒｅateaｎeｎvirｏｎmentthatiｓｎotconducｉveｔolearｎiｎg．AwithBtoCinDon第12題Goodpenciｌeraserｓａｒｅsｏftenoughnot_＿_(dá)___paperbuthaｒdenouｇhｓothattｈｅyｃrumbｌeｇraｄｕaｌlｙｗheｎusｅd.AbydaｍagingBsotｈatｔheydamaｇeCtoｄamageDdaｍaｇing第13題Botｈlｏｎgituｄeａnｄlatｉtude__＿_(dá)_＿iｎｄegｒeeｓ，ｍinutｅｓａndseconｄｓ.AmeaｓurｉngBmｅａsuredCaｒemｅasｕｒedＤｂeinｇｍｅasureｄ第１4題OｕrｆｌｉgｈttoGuanｇzhｏuwas___＿＿＿byabaｄfogandwｅhadtostayｍuchlｏnｇerintｈeｈotelthanwehａdexpｅcｔeｄ．AｄelaｙｅｄBadjoｕrnedＣcancｅlledＤpresｅrｖed第1５題＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)＿ofhischilｄhoodhｏmeiｎHａnnｉbal,Ｍissｏuｒi，ｐroｖｉdeｄMarkＴwainｗithｔheinspiratiｏｎfortwoofhismostpopｕｌａrnovels．AReｍemｂeringBMemoriesCItwasthememoｒiesDＨｅremembered第16題Ｍoｓｔｃometshavetｗokindｓoｆtails，oｎeｍａｄeupofdusｔ,__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)ｍadeupｏｆelectricallychargedｐarｔicｌescａlledplaｓma．AoneａnoｔherＢｔhｅoｔｈeｒCｏｔherｏnｅsDeaｃｈotｈeｒ第1７題Wehavehaｄｔorａiｓeｔｈepricesｏｆourprｏdｕｃtsbｅｃauseoｆｔheｉnｃreasｅｉｎthecostｏfmaterｉaｌｓ.AｐrｉｍitiveBroughCoriginalDraw第18題_＿_(dá)___ａｌaｎgｕagefamiｌｙisagroupoｆlanguaｇeswithａcommonoriｇinanｄsimiｌarｖocabｕlａｒｙ,gｒamｍａｒ，ａnｄsoｕndsystem.ＡWｈaｔlinguistscallＢＩｔｉsｃａllｅdbylｉnguiｓtｓＣＬiｎguｉstscallｉtDWｈａt(yī)doｌｉnguｉstsｃａll第19題______getolder，ｔｈegamestheｙplaybｅcomeｉncｒeasiｎglycｏmｐlｅx.AChｉlｄrenBChildrｅｎ,whentheyCＡｓcｈildｒenDFｏrchilｄrｅｎto第２0題Ｗhenevｅrthegovernmentinｃrｅaｓｅspｕbｌicseｒｖicｅｓ,＿＿＿_(dá)_＿ｂecaｕｓemｏrｅwｏrkｅrsａｒｅneededtｏcarｒｙｏutｔheseｓervices.ＡｅｍｐloyｍeｎttoｒｉsｅBeｍｐloymentrｉsesCwhichrisiｎgemｐlｏymenｔＤtｈeriseofｅmployment二、VocabuｌaryRｅｐlaｃeｍent（本大題15小題.每題1．0分,共15.0分。Tｈiｓparｔcoｎsisｔｓoｆ15seｎtencesinwhichonｅｗordorpｈｒaｓeisｕnderlined.Beloweａcｈsentence,tｈeｒeaｒeｆoｕrｃhoiｃeｓreｓpectivelyｍarｋedbylｅtterｓA，B,CanｄD.YouaretoseｌeｃｔthｅONEchｏiｃetｈａt(yī)ｃanrｅpｌacｅtheunderlｉnedwoｒｄwithoutcausinganｙgｒammatｉcalerrｏroｒｃｈａnｇinｇthｅpｒｉncipａlｍeaｎinｇｏfthｅｓeｎtence.Ｔｈereisｏnｌyoneｒigｈtanｓｗer.）第1題Pｕｂliｃrelａt(yī)ioｎspｒａcticeｉsｔhｅdｅliｂerate,pｌａnnｅdaｎdsustａｉneｄefforttｏｅｓｔablishandmａintaｉnmuｔualｕnderstａndｉngbｅtweenａaｎizatiｏnａnditsｐuｂlｉｃ．AcompleｔeＢrelaｔedCiｎtｅntiｏｎalDacｔive第2題Theservicｅe(cuò)cｏnｏmydoesｎ'tsuggｅstｔｈatwｅｃｏnｖeｒtｏurｆactｏriesintolａundriｅｓｔｏsurvｉｖe.AiｍplyＢpｅrｓuａｄeＣhurｌDtraｎsform第3題TｈeultimatecauseoftheCｉvilWａrwastｈｅbombardｍentofFortＳumｔeｒ.AonlyＢfｉnａｌＣｔruｅＤspｅciａl第4題Ｍosｔsｐecieｓｏfthispｌanｔtｈｒiｖｅinordiｎaｒywell-drainedgardensoiｌａｎｄtｈeｙarｅｂeｓｔpｌanted8cmdeepaｎｄ5cmapaｒt．ＡｄｅvelｏpweｌlＢgrowtallｅrCmatureDbeａｒfrｕit第5題Jｉmｗａsastoｕtoｌｄｇｅnｔleman，wiｔhaweatheｒ-beatencｏuntenａncｅ．AbodyBsｋｉnCｓhoｕlderDpａssionatｅiｎｔerｅst第6題Thｅｕseｏfthｅnewtｅchｎｏlogywillｈaveaprofounｄeffeｃtoｎsｃhｏｏlｓ.Ａnｅｇａt(yī)iｖeBｐositiｖｅCsｔｒongDｕseｆｕｌ第7題Hｅhaｓatouchｏfeccenｔrｉcitｙinhｉsｃomｐｏｓiｔioｎ.AessayBｗritingCcharactｅrDmannｅｒ第8題Tｈｅmoststｒｉｋｉngtechnologicaｌｓuｃｃesｓｉntｈｅ20thceｎturyisｐrobａｂｌｙｔｈecｏｍpｕterrevｏlｕｔion.ＡｐroｆitableBprodｕctiveＣprｏmｉnｅntＤprｏｍｐｔ第９題Shellfｉshgivetｈｅdeceptiｖｅappｅaｒanｃeｏｆenjoyingapeacefulexiｓtｅnce,alｔhoughinfａcｔliｆeisaconsｔaｎtｓtruｇglｅforthem.AmisleａdｉngBcalmCunderstandaｂleDiｎｉtiａｌ第10題Moｔｉvａt(yī)iｏnisthedrivingforcｅwｉｔｈinindiviｄualｓtｈａt(yī)impelsthｅmｔｏａｃtｉon.AｉmpedｅsBinterferesCholｄsDpｕshｅs第１1題Sciｅｎｔifｉceｖidenceｆｒoｍdiffereｎtdiscipｌineｓdemonｓtratestｈａt(yī)iｎmｏsthuｍansｔｈelefthemisｐｈereoｆthebｒaｉncｏntｒolslａnguage.AgroｕpsoffolｌｏwｅrsByearsCcouｎtriｅsDfieldsｏfsｔudｙ第１2題Ｉfweｌｏokａt(yī)thｅChineｓeａｎdＢrｉｔishcｏｎcｅpｔsofｈospｉtaｌｉｔy,wｅｆｉnｄoｎｅmajoｒsiｍilariｔｙbutanuｍberofimｐｏrtantdｉfｆerences.AhoｓtiliｔyBfｒiendlinesｓCmａｎneｒDculｔure第13題Itwａｓrathersｔｒanｇehoｗthehabｉtsofhisyoｕthclｕngtoｈimstｉlｌ.Hewａs72.AstucｋｔoBturｎeｄCledtoDgａｖewayto第１４題Injｕstｔhｒeeｙeａrs,thｅＮｅthaｓgｏｎefromａｐlaｙgrouｎdｆorｔhelｏcalpeopleｔoaｖastcoｍmｕｎicationsａndtｒadingｃｅnｔerwhｅremillionsswapｉnｆormaｔiｏｎｏrdｏｄealsarｏundtheworlｄ.ＡbｕsｉnesｓBｓhopｐingCcｈattｉngＤmeetinｇ第15題NoｈeroｏfanｃｉeｎtormodemdayscansuｒpasstheＩｎdiａnｓwｉtｈｔheiｒlofｔｙｃonｔemｐｔofdｅaｔhａnｄthefoｒtｉｔudewiｔhｗhiｃｈthｅysustaｉｎiｔscruｅｌｅsｔａfflicｔioｎ.AreｇarｄBcｏuｒaｇeＣlossＤtrｉck三、ＣoｒｒectingＧｒaｍmａt(yī)icaｌErrors（本大題14小題．每題１.０分，共14.０分。Thispartconsistsｏf15sentencesinｗhｉｃｈthereiｓanunderlinedｐartthatindicatｅsaｇｒammaｔiｃalerrorBｅlｏwｅachｓｅnｔｅｎce，ｔhｅrearefｏurchoiceｓｒespecｔivelymarkｅdbyletｔersＡ,Ｂ，CanｄD.YouarｅtoseｌectｔｈeONEｃhoiceandrｅｐlaｃetheuｎdeｒlｉnｅｄelemｅｎt(s)sotｈatthｅｅrｒoｒiserasedandcorrｅcｔeｄ.Ｔhereisonlyonｅｒｉghtansweｒ．）第1題ＴhefirstrecordeduｓeofnatｕralgａsｔｏliｇhtstreｅｔlａmpsitwasｉnthetownoｆFreｄerｉck，NewYork,iｎ182５．AwasBiｓＣitｉsDwere第2題Ｆurniｔｕrｅmａkersｕseglｕetoｈoldjoｉnｔｓtｏgetherandsometimeｓtｏreinforcｅit.AitｓBfasｔCｈardDthｅｍ第3題Alllivinｇｃreａt(yī)uｒｅsｐassoninｈｅritedtraｉｔｓfromｏnegeneraｔｉoｎtoother．ＡｔhｅotｈeｒBanotｈｅｒCotherｓDotｈerone第4題Uｎlｉkecｏｍｐeｔｉtiverunｎｉｎg，ｒａceｗaｌｋersｍuｓtａｌwaysｋeeｐsｏmeｐｏrtｉonofthｅirfeetinｃonｔaｃtwiｔhtheｇｒｏｕnd.ＡrunBｒｕnnerCｒunnｅrｓDrunniｎｇrace第5題TｈeｅasｔｅrｎbluebｉｒdisｃｏｎsidｅｒedthemostaｔtｒactiｖｅｂｉrｄnatiｖeｏｆNorｔhAmｅricabymanybｉrd-waｔｃｈers.Ａｎａt(yī)ｉveBnａt(yī)ivewitｈCnativｅbyDｎａt(yī)iｖｅto第6題Macｈineｓthaｔuｓehydrauliｃｐｒesｓｕreincludｉnｇelｅｖators，dentistchairｓ，anｄautoｍoｂｉlebrａkｅs.AexcｌudeＢexclｕdｉｎgCｉncludeＤａreincluｄed第7題Allrｏoｔvegetablesgroｗundｅrground，andnotａllvegeｔabｌesｔhatgrowundergrouｎdarｅｒooｔｓ．ＡｂutBｏrCasDｔhuｓ第8題Allｍamｍaｌｓｈａvehaｉｒ，butｎotalwａｙsevideｎt.AbuｔｉtiｓnotBbuｔiｔｉｓCbｕttheyareｎｏtDbuttheyarｅ第9題Aｐrｏmisinｇnｏteisawrｉｔtenagreementｔopａyaｃertaiｎsumofｍoneyatsomｅtiｍefuturｅ.AtｉmefuｔｕresBfuturｅｓCfｕtureｓｔimeDfｕturetime第1０題Nｏtmuchpｅopleｒealiｚethaｔaｐpｌeshａvebeenｃultiｖaｔeｄforovｅr3,00０yeａｒｓ.ANotmanyBNｏtｅnoughＣWｉｔhouｔｍanyDNomany第11題Altｈoｕgｈtｈesocｉａlsciｅncesdｉffｅrｅntａｇｒeatdeaｌfrｏmonｅａnｏthｅr，thｅmｏniｎｔｅｒｅstinhuｍaｎrｅlationship.AmoveBdifferＣｃhanｇeDｖａrieｓ第12題Ｔheｈａｒd,outsurｆａceｏfthetoothisｃalｌedenａmｅl.AoutｓiｄeBaｐpearanceＣouｔｅrDhiｄｉｎg第13題Thｅｅarliｅｓtformoｆartｉfiｃｉallｉghtingｗasfｉｒe,whichalｓopｒoｖidｅdwarｍandpｒoｔecｔion.AhotBsunshinｅCｗarmthDsａfｅ第14題NewＹorkCityｓｕrpａｓｓedtｈeｏthｅrAtlaｎtｉcseaportｓinｐarｔｌyｂecaｕseｉtdevelopedｔhebesttransｐortａt(yī)ionlinksｗithｔheｉnterioroｆthecountrｙ.ApａrtBpａrtiaｌCparｔｎｅrDparting四、RｅａdiｎgCｏmprehensｉon(共５0小題,共５0.0分）Inｔhissectｉｏnyｏuwilｌfiｎdafｔｅrｅachoｆthepａｓsａgeｓａnumｂｅrofquｅstioｎsorｕnｆiｎｉsheｄstaｔｅmentsaboutthepａｓsagｅ，eachwithｆｏｕr（Ａ,B，CａｎdD)suggｅstedanｓwｅｒｓｏrｗａysｏfｆiniｓhinｇ.Ｙｏｕmustchoosetheｏｎｅwｈichｙoutｈinkｆitsbeｓt.第１題PhyllisWhｅatｌｅyiｓｒegardeｄａｓAｍｅriｃa'ｓｆｉrstblacｋｐｏet.ShewasbornｉnＳeｎegal，Aｆrｉca，abｏuｔ1753andbｒoｕghｔtoAｍericaabｏardaslａveｓhiｐaｔaｂoｕｔtheａｇeofseｖeｎ.ＪｏhnaｎdSusanｎａhＷｈeatｌeybｏughtherfoｒtｈrｅe(cuò)pouｎdsataslaveaｕｃtｉｏniｎＢostonin176１ｔｏbeapersonａｌseｒvantoｆMrｓ.Ｗheatleｙ.Tｈefaｍilyhadtｈrｅe(cuò)ｏｔｈerslaveｓ，anｄallwereｔreatedｗitｈｒesｐｅｃt．Phylｌｉswasｓoonacceptedaｓonｅofthｅfamily,wｈiｃhｉncludｅdbeingraisedandeduｃatｅdwｉththeＷheatｌey'stwin15-yｅar-oｌｄchｉldｒｅｎ,ＭaryandNathaniｅl.Atthattiｍe,ｍostfeｍalｅｓ,eｖenfromｂｅttｅrfamｉlies，coｕldnoｔreadandｗrite,ｂｕtMarywａsprobａｂｌyoｎｅofｔhｅｂｅsteｄｕcatedyoｕngwomｅninＢoｓtｏn.Marywaｎtedｔobecomｅatｅacher,andｉnfａct，itwasMａrｙwhodecidedｔotakechａｒgeofPhyｌlis'ｓeducａｔioｎ.Ｐhylｌisｓoｏnｄisplaｙedhｅｒremａrkaｂｌeｔalents.AttheａgeoftwelvｅshewasｒeａdｉngtheGreekaｎdLatinｃｌaｓｓicsandpasｓａgesfromtheBiblｅ.Aｎdevｅｎtually，Mｒs.Wheａt(yī)leydecideｄPｈyllｉsｓhouldbecomeａCｈrｉｓtiａn.

AttheageoｆthirteeｎPhyllisｗrｏtｅheｒfｉrstpoem．SheｂｅcａｍeａBostonｓensationaftershewrotｅapｏemontｈeｄeａｔｈｏｆtheevangeliｃalpreａcherGｅoｒgeWhitfieldｉn1770.ItbecamecommonｐracticeｉｎBｏｓｔoｎtohａｖe"Mrs.Ｗheaｔlｅｙ'ｓPｈｙllis"rｅadｐｏetryinpｏlitesociety.Maryｍarriedin1771,andPhyllｉslａt(yī)ermｏｖedtｏthecountｒybeｃauseofpｏｏrheaｌth,aｓateacｈｅrandｃａｒeｔakertoafarｍer'ｓｔｈrｅｅchｉldrｅn．MarｙhaｄｔｒiedtoiｎtereｓｔpｕbliｓｈersiｎPｈｙlｌｉｓ'sｐoｅmｓbutoncetｈｅyhｅａｒｄshewasaNegｒotｈeywｅrｅｎ'tinteresteｄ.

Theｎｉn1773ＰhylliswentｗithＮathaｎiel,whowasnｏwａbusinesｓｍaｎ,toＬｏnｄon.Itwasｔhｏuｇhttｈａt(yī)aseaｖoyagemightiｍproveｈerheａlth.Ｔｈiｒtｙ－ｎineofｈerpoemｓwｅrepuｂlishedinＬondonasPoｅmｓｏnVariousSｕbjｅcｔs，ReligiouｓandＭoral.ItwasthefirｓｔbookpublｉｓhedbyａｂｌackAｍerican.In17７5PｈｙｌｌiｓwroｔeapｏemｅxtｏllｉngtheａｃｃｏｍｐlishｍeｎｔｓｏfGｅｏｒgeWasｈｉｎgｔonａndsentｉtｔｏhｉm.Herｅspondedbypｒaｉsiｎｇhertaｌenｔsａnｄinｖitinｇｈertｏvisitｈｉsheadquartｅｒs．Afｔｅrbothoｆheｒbeｎｅｆａctorsdｉedin1777，aｎdＭaｒydiedin1778,Ｐhylliswasｆreedasａｓｌaｖｅ.Sheｍarriedｉｎ1７78,moｖeｄaｗayfｒomBoston，anｄｈadtｈreechiｌdｒen.Butaftertheｕnhaｐpyｍarriａge，sｈemovedbaｃkｔｏBosｔｏn，andｄiｅｄiｎpovｅrtyatthｅageoftｈｉrty.Whａt(yī)ｄｏｅsｔhepａｓsageｍaｉnｌｙdiscuｓs?ASlaveryanｄthetreａｔmentofｔheblａcｋｐeopleinAmｅｒiｃa.ＢThｅＷheａｔleyｆamily,incｌuｄiｎgtheiｒｓlａｖeｓ．ＣTｈｅlifｅｏfＡｍerica'sfirｓtｂlaｃkｐｏet.第２題Theｕｎdeｒｌｉnedword"reｓpect"inＰａraｇraph1isｃlｏseｓtinmeaｎｉngｔoAcｏnsidｅratiｏnBdｉsregaｒdＣｐunishmｅnt第3題Accoｒdｉnｇｔoｔhｅpaｓｓage,hｏwmanyｓlaｖesdiｄtheＷheａt(yī)ley'shａｖe?AＯne.BＴｗｏ.ＣThｒee.DFour.第4題Acｃordingtotheｐassage,aｎuｎｕsualfeatureofMarywasthａt(yī)sheAwasnｏｔｍucholdｅrｔhａｎPhyｌｌisBwantedｔｏbｅcomｅａt(yī)eachｅrCwａscomｐaｒatiｖelywelleｄucａt(yī)ｅdＤdｅcidedｔoｔakechargｅofPhyｌｌｉs'ｓｅdｕcation第5題Tｈｅuｎderlinedwoｒd"evenｔually＂inParａgrａｐh1ｉsclosｅstinmeaninｇｔｏＡultimａｔelyBslowlyCｒｅluｃtaｎtlyDgraｄually第６題WhｉchofｔhefollｏwingｉｓNＯTtrueaboｕｔPhyllisintheｅarｌｙ17７0s?AShewｒｏｔeherfirｓtｐoemwｈeninherteenｓ.BShemａrｒiｅdiｎ1771.CＳｈebｅcａmeaｔeachｅｒ.DShewasａbｌetoｇetｈeｒｐｏemspuｂlisheｄ.第７題Theundｅrlineｄwoｒｄ"ｔｈey＂inParaｇｒａph2rｅfｅrsｔo＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_.ＡｐubｌisｈｅrｓBpoemｓCcｈｉｌdｒenDblackｐeｏplｅ第８題ItcａnbeiｎｆｅrreｄthatPhyｌlis＇stｒipｔoEnglandwithNathanielｉn177３_＿_(dá)___．AdidｎｏtiｍproｖｅherhealｔhBｗａsforbusiｎｅssreasｏnsCledｔobｏｏｋｓofheｒpoemsbeingaｖａiｌaｂleｉnAmｅrｉｃaDlｅｄtothepｕｂｌicaｔioｎofｈeｒpoemsbecausetheＥｎglishwerｅmｏrｅinterestedｉnｒeｌigiｏｕsaｎdmoralsuｂjects第９題Thewoｒｄ"extollｉng"isｃlosesｔｉnmeaningto＿_(dá)____．AwｅlcｏmｉｎgＢsｔatｉｎgCｂemoaningDpraiｓing第1０題WhichoｆtheｆollowinｇｃoncｌｕsionsaｂouｔPhyllｉｓissuｐpoｒtedbytｈepaｓsage?ASheｗｏｕｌdhavebｅｅｎmｏrｅrｅcogｎizedaｓapoeｔｉfshehaｄｎｏtｂｅe(cuò)nblacｋ．BSheｗoｕldhaｖｅwｒｉtteｎpoｅtryifshｅhａdstaｙedinAｆrica.CSheｗentunrecogniｚeｄasapoｅｔduringherlifetime.DSｈｅoｎｌyｗroteｒｅliｇiｏusｐoetｒｙ.第11題Aboutfiftyyｅarsａgo,ｐlantphysiolｏgiｓｔssｅtouttｏgrowrooｔsbythemｓelveｓinsoｌutionｓinｌａboraｔｏｒyflasｋs．Thescieｎｔｉsｔｓｆｏundthａｔtｈenutｒitiｏnｏfｉsoｌateｄｒｏotｓｗasquitｅsiｍple．Theｙｒeqｕｉrｅdｓugａｒａndｔheｕｓualminｅralｓａｎdvitａｍｉns．However,ｔｈｅyｄidnotｒequｉreoｒganicniｔｒｏｇenｃomｐounds．Tｈeｓerootｓgoｔalｏngｆiｎeonmｉnｅralｉnorgａnｉcｎitrogen.Ｒoｏtsaｒeｃaｐabｌｅofｍakinｇthｅirownproteinsandotｈeroｒgaｎｉｐｏunds.Thｅseacｔivitiesbｙrootsreｑuｉｒｅe(cuò)nerｇｙ,ofcoursｅ.ＴｃeｓsofrespｉratｉonuseｓsugａrtomaｋethｅhiｇｈeｎeｒgyｃｏmpoundＡTP，whichdｒｉvｅｓｔhebｉochemｉｃalｒeａctiｏｎs.Ｒespiratiｏｎaｌｓoｒequiｒｅsｏxｙgeｎ．Higｈｌyactivｅrootsｒｅqｕiｒeaｇoodｄｅaｌofｏxygen.?Thesｔudyｏfisoｌａｔｅdｒoｏtshasｐｒoｖidedａnundｅrsｔａndｉnｇoftherelaｔioｎshｉpbｅtweeｎshootsaｎdrooｔsinintaｃtｐlants．Theleａvesｏftheｓｈoｏtspｒｏｖｉdｅtherootｓwithｓｕgaｒaｎdvitａmiｎs，ａndtｈerootｓprｏｖidｅtheshooｔｓｗithwａt(yī)erａndｍineｒaｌs.Inadditiｏｎ，ｒootscａｎproｖｉdethｅshｏoｔswｉtｈorgaｎｉｃｎitrogｅncｏmpouｎds.Thｉｓcomｅsinhａndｙforｔhegrowthofbudsｉntheeａrlyｓpｒingwhenｌeａvesareｎotｙetfunctｉｏｎing．Onｃelｅａvesbｅginphotosynthesiziｎｇ，theyprｏｄuceｐｒoｔeｉn,ｂｕtonlymaturｅｌｅaveｓｃａn"export＂proteintotｈeｒestｏｆｔhｅplantinｔhｅformoｆａｍinoaｃｉds.Ｗhatｉsｔhｅｍainｔopicofthepaｓｓaｇe？ＡTｈｅreｌａt(yī)ｉonshｉpｂeｔwｅe(cuò)nａplaｎt'ｓrootｓaｎｄｉtsｓhootｓ．BWhａｔｃanｂelｅarnｅdbｙgrowinｇrootsiｎｉsｏlａt(yī)ion.CHｏwplａntscａnbｅgｒoｗnｗiｔhoｕtrｏｏｔs.ＤWhatelｅmｅｎtsarenｅcesｓarｙfｏrtｈegrowthofpｌanｔｓ.第12題Theｕndｅrｌinedworｄ"tｈeｍｓｅｌｖeｓ"inParaｇraph1ｒｅfeｒstｏ__＿_(dá)_＿.ＡplantphysiｏlogistｓBｓolutｉｏnｓClaboｒaｔoｒyflaｓkｓDroｏts第1３題Thescientistsfoundwｈaｔthｅisｏlatedｒoｏtsｎeeｄｉs______．AｑｕitenaｔuralBｓugar,ｍiｎerａlｓanｄｖitａminsCsomerarｅvｉtaminsDｏｒgａnicnitrogenｃoｍpoｕnds第1４題Rootｓhavethｅabiｌitｙto＿_(dá)____.AmakeprｏteiｎsBｏｂｔaｉnfrｅshaｉrＣprodｕｃeinorganiｃniｔroｇenＤｃarryouｔactiｖｉtｉeswithｏｕｔeｎｅrｇy第15題Accordinｇtｏthepａｓsagｅ,whaｔisAＴP?AAbｉoｃceｓs.BThetipofａｒoot.ＣＡcｈeｍｉcaｌcoｍpounｄ.DAtｙpeofpｌａntcell.第16題Thｅuｎｄeｒliｎeｄworｄ"intａcｔ"iｎPａrａgraph2iｓｃlｏsestinｍeanｉngtｏ______.ＡmatureBｗildＣwholeＤｔｉny第17題Theuseｏfｔhｅphrase"cｏmeｓinhａndｙ"underｌiｎeｄinＰaｒａgｒapｈ2indｉcateｓthattheprｏｃessｉs＿＿＿_(dá)_＿.AunavｏidableBｐｒｅdiｃtabｌｅCnecessarｙDsuccessfuｌ第１8題Itcanbｅｉnｆｅrrｅｄfromｔｈｅpassagethａt(yī),intheｅarｌｙspｒｉng,thebudsofplants__＿_(dá)＿_(dá).A"ｅxport"prｏteinintheforｍofaminoaｃｉdｓBｄｏｎotrequirewateｒChavｅbeｇｕnphotosyｎthesｉｚingDobtainorgａniccoｍｐouｎdｓｆromtheroｏｔ第1９題Whichofｔhｅfｏlloｗｉngbesｔdｅscriｂestheｏrganizationofthｅpassａge?ATｈerｅsultsoｆｔwoexｐeｒimenｔsaｒpared.BAgｅｎeralizaｔｉｏｎismade,aｎdｓeveｒａｌexaｍplesofitａregiven.CThefindｉｎgsofanｅxperiｍentaｒeeｘplainｅｄ.DAhyｐｏthｅｓiｓｉspｒesｅntｅd,andsｅverａlmeanｓofｐroｖingitaresuggｅsted.第20題Ｗhereiｓtｈｉsｐasｓaｇｅlikeｌytｏbｅfounｄ？AAnewsletｔer．BAmａｇａzｉne．CAsｔorybｏoｋ．DAnovel.第21題Nａt(yī)uｒaｌfｌaｖｏｒｉngsanｄfragｒanｃeｓareoftenｃostlｙａndlimitedinsｕpplｙ.Foreｘampｌe，ｔheｖitalinｇrｅdienｔinaroｓefrａgrａnceisexｔraｃtｅdfrｏmnaturalｒoｓｅoilaｔaｃosｔoｆtｈousandsｏfｄoｌlarsaｐouｎd;anｉdentｉcalsyntｈeticsubstancecaｎbemadefor１%ofthiｓcoｓt.Sinｃｅtｈeeａrlytwentiethcentury,succｅssiｎrｅpｒoducｉngtｈesｅsｕｂstaｎceshasｃreａt(yī)edanewindｕstｒythatｔodayprｏdｕceshundredsofarｔiｆiciａlｆlavorsａndfraｇｒａnces.

Soｍenatuｒaｌfｒaｇrancｅｓａrｅｅａsilysｙｎｔhｅｓｉzed;ｔheｓeｉnｃｌudevaｎillin，tｈeａroｍａt(yī)icｉngｒｅdiｅnｔinｖanilｌa，andbｅnzaldehyde,thearomaｔicingｒeｄiｅｎｔinｗildcherries.Ｏthｅrｆraｇranceｓ,howevｅr,ｈaveｄoｚenｓ，eveｎhundｒｅdsofｃomponents.Onｌyrｅcentlyhasitｂｅe(cuò)ｎpｏｓsｉbletosｅpａraｔｅanｄidentifytheseingredieｎｔsｂyｔheuｓeofｇascｈｒomatogrａphyaｎdspectroｓcｏpy.Oncethecｈeｍicalidｅntｉtyｉsknowｎ，itisofteｎpoｓsiｂletosynｔhesizethem.Ｎｅverｔｈeleｓs,sｏmecｏmpleｘｓubsｔａｎｃeｓ，suｃhａsthearoｍaoffrｅshｃｏffｅe(cuò),hａｖestｉlｌnoｔｂｅe(cuò)nduplicaｔedsatisfacｔoriｌy.?Manyofthechｅmiｃalｃomｐounｄｓｍakiｎgupthesesynthetiｃsaｒｅidｅｎticaｌtｏthｏsefｏuｎｄiｎnatｕrｅ，aｎdａreasharｍｌessｏrharmｆulａｓthenatuｒaｌsｕbstanceｓ．Newｐroduｃtsmｕstbｅtesｔedｆorｓafety,andwhenuｓediｎｆoｏd,mustｂeａpprovedbytheU.S.FoｏdandDｒugAdministｒａt(yī)iｏn.?Tｈｅaｖａilabilitｙｏfsynthｅtｉcflaｖorsａndfｒａgrancｅshasmａdeposｓiｂleａlaｒｇevarietyｏfprｏｄuctｓ,fｒoｍineｘpｅnsｉvebeｖeragestｏperfumedsoapｔoｕsedｃaｒｓwitｈａpｐliｅd"newcaroｄor．"Ｆromtｈepassagewｅcanｌearntｈａt(yī)＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_.Anａt(yī)ｕrａｌflａvｏrｉｎgsａnｄfragrancesａrenotｑuitedearBｔhｅlimｉtａｔionoｆnatuｒalfｌavｏrinｇｓａnｄfraｇraｎcｅsiscｌearCthesupplyｏfnaturａｌflａvoringsandfｒagraｎｃｅsｉsaｄｅqｕａｔｅtｏmeetthedemanｄDｔheｃｏstofprodｕcｉｎgnatｕrａlflavｏringsａｎdfraｇrancesiｓhigh第2２題Whichoftheｆｏllowｉngｉsｔｒｕeaccorｄiｎgtothepassaｇｅ?ANaturalroseｆrａgranｃeis100ｔiｍｅsmoｒeexpeｎsｉvetoproduｃethanarｔifｉcialrosefｒagrance.BＴｈemoｓｔimportanｔingreｄientｉnarosefragraｎceisobtaiｎedｆromｎaturaｌrosｅoiｌatalowｃosｔ.CAdｉfｆerentsyｎtｈetｉｃsubstancecanbemａdｅfｏr1%oftheｃｏsｔ.DNatｕｒａlroseoilcoｓtsthesaｍeasiｔsfrａgraｎcｅｓ.第2３題Thｅiｎdustryoｆproduｃinｇhundｒedsofartiｆiciaｌflaｖorｓａndfrａｇraｎcespｒｏｂablyaｐpearedin____＿_(dá).AB１953C1９09D１8１0第２4題Ａccｏrdinｇｔoｔheｐａsｓage，alｌｔhefollowingareｅaｓiｅｒtｏｓynｔhesizeEXCEPＴ_＿＿＿_(dá)_．ＡａｒｏmatiｃiｎgredientinvanillaBvanillａCaroｍatiｃingredieｎtｉnwｉldchｅｒryDtｈeflavｏrｏfｆreｓhcoffee第2５題Theｕnderlｉnedword＂duplｉcaｔeｄ"inＰａrａｇraph2iscloseｓtinmeaniｎgto_＿_(dá)__＿．AmakeｄouｂleBｍａkeacoｐｙｏfCprodｕｃesｏmｅthｉｎｇequalｔｏDｔakefrom第２6題WｈydoestheaｕthoｒmentｉonfreｓｈcoｆfeeinParagrapｈ2？AＡsaneｘamplｅoｆcompleｘsｕbstａncｅshａvingnｏtbeendｕpliｃａt(yī)edsatisfactorilｙ.BBｅcａｕsethecoffｅe(cuò)frａgrａnceiｓhardｔoproｄuｃe．CTｏcｏncluｄeｔｈeｐaｓsage.ＤThesmｅlloffreｓhｃｏffeeisinvitiｎg.第27題__＿_(dá)_＿,aｓuｂsｔａｎcecanbesｙｎｔhｅsizｅｄ．AUponiｄentifyingｔhebasiccomｐonentsofｉtBOnceｃｈeｍｉcallyａnalｙzｅdCＷhengaschromａｔｏgrａphyｉsusｅdDIfｓpｅｃｔｒoｓcopyisaｄｏptｅd第2８題Itｃaｎbeinｆerrｅdｆｒomthｅpaｓsagetｈaｔ＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)．ＡvanilliniｓeasieｒtｏｓyｎthesizethａnｂenzａldeｈydeＢnotallsｙntheticflａvorsarehaｒｍｌessCiｎgｅneral，thelesscｏmponenｔsｔhereareｉnaｆragrance，tｈehａrdｅritistosynｔhesｉｚeＤsyｎthesiｚedsｕbsｔａｎcｅsmusｔbetestｅdfoｒｓafeｔyｏnlyifｔｈeｙaｒeuseｄinfooｄ第２9題Wｈｉchｏｆtheｆolloｗingisthebesttitｌeｆortｈｅpassage?AHoｗｔoSynｔhesizeＦｒaｇraｎｃesBSynthetｉcSubstａncesＡreEａsytoMaｋeCNatｕｒalFｌavｏringsandFraｇranceｓDSｙnthetiｃFlavoｒｓaｎｄFrａgrances第3０題ＷｈiｃhoftheｆollowiｎgｉsNOＴtｒuｅaccorｄingtｏthｅlaｓtpaｒagrapｈ?ＡSynｔｈｅｔｉcｆｒagraｎcescａnbeusedtｏmakｅausedcarsｍｅlllikeanｅwonｅ.BSynthｅticｆlａvorsandfragｒaｎcｅshａveａｄdｅｄｔothevarieｔiｅsｏfpｒoｄucts.CLemonsoapismadeoｕｔoｆsｏmedelicioｕｓｌemon.DIｔiｓｌikeｌyｔhａt(yī)aｂottleoforangejｕiceisｓyｎtheｓiｚed.第３1題Soｍｅpeopｌｅａｓsoｃｉatｅmigrａt(yī)ｉｏnmainｌｙwithbirds.Ｂirdｓdotravｅlｖaｓｔdistances，buｔmammaｌsalsoｍigraｔe.Ａneｘａｍpleisｔhecaribou,reinｄeerthatｇｒazｅｏntｈｅgrassyslopesofnorｔhernCanada．Whenthｅｗeaｔherturnsｃｏld,ｔheytｒavelsouthｕｎtiｌｓprinｇ.Theｉrtｒacｋsaresｏwell-wｏrｎthattheyａｒeclｅａｒlyvisiｂleｆｒｏｍtheair.AnｏthermigraｔｉngmamｍalistheAｌａskafurｓeal.TｈeｓeｓealsbreedoｎlｙiｎtheＰrｉbilotIslａnｄsinthｅBeriｎｇSｅa．TｈeｙoungareborninＪuneanｄbySepteｍberarestrongenouｇhtoｇowｉｔhthｅｉｒmothersonaｊourneyｏｆovｅr3，00０miｌｅｓ．TogeｔheｒtheyswiｍｄoｗnthePaｃiｆiｃＣｏasｔoｆＮoｒthAmerｉｃa.ThefｅmａlesandyoungｔraｖｅlａsfaｒａsｓoutherｎCalifoｒnｉａ.Ｔheｍaｌesdｏnotｊourneysofaｒ.ＴｈeｙswimｏnlytoｔｈeＧｕlfofＡlａｓka.Inthesprｉｎg,malｅｓandｆｅmalesalｌreturntotheislａnｄs，aｎdthereｔｈecyｃｌeｂｅginsagａiｎ．Whalｅsareamongｔhegｒeatｅｓtｍigｒatｏｒsｏfaｌl.Tｈehｕmｐbackanｄｂluewhaｌesｍigrateｔhoｕsanｄsｏfmiｌeseachyｅaｒfromthepolarsｅａsｔｏthｅtrｏpics.Whaleｓeａt(yī)ｈugequａntitiesofpｌankton．Theseaｒemoｓtabｕｎdａntincoldpolａｒwateｒs.Inwinteｒ，ｔhewhaｌesmovetowarmwaｔeｒstobｒeeｄanｄgivebirthtotｈeｉryｏung.Fromtｈｅｐasｓagｅwecanleaｒntｈat＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__.ＡpeoplｅmiｇrateｌｉkeａnimalsBonlｙbirdsmigrateＣｔheｆemalｅｆｕｒseaｌsmｉgrａt(yī)ｅoｎlｙtotheＧulfｏfAlaskaDｎoｔａlｌmammalsmigｒate第32題Thepｈrase"Aｎeｘaｍple"underlinedinPaｒagrapｈ1rｅferstｏanｅxampｌeofa＿_(dá)____.ＡmigratorymammalBplacewhereanｉmａlｓmｉgratｅCmigratinｇbiｒdＤpersｏｎwｈoassｏciatesmｉｇratｉonｗｉtｈbirｄs第33題AｌlthemammａｌｓarementionedasｍigratingoｎesEXＣEPT＿_(dá)__＿_(dá).AcaｒiboｕＢfinwhalｅＣreｉnｄeerDAlaskafｕrsｅａl第34題Ｗhｅrｅcanyoｕseefｒoｍtｈeａirthemiｇraｔionｏfthemammａls?ＡIｎｔｈｅPｒiｂilotIｓlaｎｄs.BInｔｈeＢｅrｉnｇSea.ＣInsoutheｒnＣaliｆorniａ.DInnorthernCaｎaｄa.第35題ＷｈｉchoｆthefollowingｉsNＯＴtrｕｅ?AWhａlesｂｒｅe(cuò)dｉnwiｎｔer.BYoｕnｇwhａlesaregｉｖｅnbｉrthincoldwａt(yī)ers.ＣAｌaskａｆursealｓｇiｖebirｔhtothｅyoungonlyinｏnｅaｒea.DAlaskafurｓeａlsａreｂｏｒninwarmweather.第36題Togｅｔｈer＿＿_(dá)___oｆAlａsｋafｕrseａlsswiｍｄowｎthｅPacｉｆicCoasｔofNｏｒthAｍeriｃa.ＡｍｏthersaｎdtheｙｏungBｆａt(yī)hｅrsaｎdthｅyounｇCｐaｒentsaｎdtheyoungDsealsａndwｈalｅs第37題WhiｃhｏfｔheｆｏlｌowinｇiｓNOTdｅscribeｄiｎｔhepassａge?ＡWhａlesｍｉgratｅtobreｅｄaｎｄｇivebirtｈｔotheｉrｙouｎｇ.BＷhaｌe－ｗatｃｈingiｎBoｓtoｎiｎsummｅriｓaｔtｒacting.CSｅalsｂｒeｅdiｎthｅnｏｒthｂｅforeｍigrａt(yī)ioｎ．DＲeindeerfeedonｇｒass.第38題Ｗｈalesｌｉveｏｎ__＿_(dá)__．AtinyｐlantsａｎdanimａlsiｎｔｈｅｓｅaBthegrassyｓｌopeｓoｆnorｔhｅrnＣａnadaCtheｉryoungincolｄwinterDtheabｕnｄaｎtseafoodintropicwａt(yī)ｅrｓ第39題Howｍａnykinｄsofmigraｔingmammａｌsaremeｎｔionedｉnｔｈｅpassage？AFoｕr.ＢThree．CTwｏ.DOne.第４０題Whatistheｂeｓttiｔleoftｈepasｓage?AThreｅTypｅｓｏfWhalesBBｉrdｓMiｇrationCＭamｍalsAｌsoＭigrateDSｅveraｌKindsoｆMigration第41題Elecｔｒonicmailhaｓbecｏmｅａneｘtremelyiｍｐoｒtantanｄpopulａrｍｅanｓｏｆcommｕnｉcation.

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Ｔhｅｒeceiｐtｏfunsolicｉｔeｄｃoｍmeｒｃｉalｅlecｔronｉｃmailmayreｓulｔincoststｏreｃipieｎtsｗhoｃａnnoｔreｆusetoacceptsuchmailandｗhoｉnｃｕrcoｓｔsfｏrthｅstoraｇｅｏfｓuchｍail,ｏrｆortheｔｉmeｓpenｔａｃcｅｓsｉng,reviｅwiｎｇ，anｄdｉscａｒｄinｇsｕchmail,ｏrforboth.Ｔｈereｃeiptｏfａlarｇeｎumberoｆuｎｗaｎteｄmessagesalsoｄecreaｓｅsthｅcｏnvenienｃeoｆelｅcｔroniｃmａiｌandcrｅatesａｒiｓktｈaｔwanｔedelｅｃtrｏnｉcmailｍeｓsageｓ，ｂotｈcｏｍmerｃialaｎdnoncoｍmerciａl，willbeloｓt，ｏvｅrlｏoked，ordiscarｄedamiｄｓttｈｅlargｅrvolｕmeofunwantedmessages,thuｓｒeduciｎｇthereliabｉｌitｙandｕsｅfulnｅsｓoｆelectｒonicmａilｔｏtherecipieｎt.Sｏmｅcommerｃialeｌeｃtｒoniｃmailcontａinsmateｒｉalthatmanyrｅcipientsmayｃoｎsｉｄｅｒvuｌgaroｒpornｏgｒaphicinnature.

ＴhegrowthｉｎunsolｉcｉｔedcommeｒcialelectronicmaiｌimｐosessｉgnificantmonetaryｃostsonｐｒｏvｉdersofInterｎeｔacｃeｓｓsｅrvｉｃｅｓ,busｉneｓｓｅs，andeduｃａt(yī)ionalandｎｏnprofｉtinstitutionｓthａt(yī)carrｙaｎdreｃeｉｖｅsucｈｍail，ａstheｒeｉsafｉnitevolｕｍeoｆmaiｌthatsuｃhｐrovｉders,buｓｉnｅsｓes,ａｎdinｓtitutionscanhａndleｗithoutfurtheｒinvestmenｔiniｎfraｓtructurｅ.Mａnysenderｓoｆunsoｌiciｔmｅｒcｉaｌelectroｎicmailｐｕrposｅｆullｙdisgｕisethesourceofsｕｃｈmａil.?Manｙsendersoｆunsolicitｅdcommercialeleｃtｒonicmaiｌpurposefullｙincludeｍｉsｌｅaｄｉngｉnfｏrmａt(yī)ioniｎtheｍｅｓsagｅｓ'sｕｂjeｃtlinesiｎordｅrtoinduceｔhereciｐｉentｓtｏviewtｈｅmeｓsages.Ｗhiｌesomesenｄersｏfｃｏmｍercialelectroｎｉcmａｉｌｍessageｓprovidesｉmｐｌｅandreliaｂlｅwayｓforreciｐienｔstoｒｅjｅcｔ(ｏr＇opt-ｏuｔ'o0receiｐtofcｏmｍeｒcialelectroｎiｃmailｆｒoｍsuchsendersinthefuture，otheｒsenｄerｓprovidenoｓuch'oｐt－out＇mechaｎism,ｏｒｒefuｓeｔohonｏrｔherｅｑuestsｏfrecipientｓnｏttoｒeceiveｅlectronicmaｉlｆrｏmsuchsendersiｎthefuｔｕre，orｂｏtｈ.?Manyｓendersofbｕlｋunsolicitedcommerｃialelecｔroｎicｍａiｌuseｃomputerproｇｒamsｔogａt(yī)ｈｅrlａrgｅnｕmｂeｒsoｆeｌectronicｍaｉｌadｄrｅsｓesonaｎautｏmaｔedbasisfrｏmＩnteｒnetwebｓｉtesｏroｎｌineservｉceswhereuserｓmuｓtpｏstthｅiraｄｄｒesｓeｓiｎordertomakｅfｕlluseofthewebｓitｅorseｒvice.?Thｅpｒoｂｌemsassociaｔedｗithｔherａpidgrowthａｎｄaｂuｓeofunｓｏｌiｃｉtｅｄcomｍｅrciａlelｅctｒoｎicmailｃannｏtbesolvedｂythegovｅrnmentalone.Theｄevｅlopmeｎｔandaｄｏｐｔioｎofｔeｃhnologiｃalapproａchｅsａnｄthepursuｉtofcoopｅｒａｔｉvｅe(cuò)fｆortｓwｉtｈothercｏunｔrieｓwillｂeｎeｃesｓaryaswｅｌl．Accoｒdinｇtothepassａgｅ,ｅfficｉencyoｆe－maｉlisthreateneｄby__＿_(dá)__．Aheaｖye－ｍaiｌtraffiｃBｆr