北京地區成人本科學士學位英語統一考試1９98．6.13PａｒtIＲeaｄｉngComprehension(40%)Pａssage1Qｕeｓtions1to5arebasedoｎtｈefollｏwingpａssａge.Ａlｍｏｓteveryfaｍilybuysａtlｅaｓtonecopyofaneｗspaｐerevｅｒyｄay.Somepｅopｌesubscｒibe(訂閱)ｔoaｓｍanｙａstwoorthreeneｗspapeｒs．Buｔwhydｏpeｏplerｅadnewspａpers？Fivｅhｕndｒedｙearsago,newsofimｐｏrｔａnｔhappeniｎgs——baｔtｌeslostａｎdwon，kingsoｒruleｒsoverthrown(推翻）orｋilｌed——toｏkmｏｎthsaｎdｅvｅnｙearsｔotraｖｅlｆrｏmonecｏuntrｙtoaｎoｔher.Thenewspasｓedｂywoｒdofmouthaｎdwasｎeｖeracｃurate.Ｔodａyｗｅｃanreadinｏｕrnewspａpersoｆｉmporｔanｔevenｔsthatoｃｃurinｆaｒａｗaycouｎtrｉesｏｎｔhesａｍeｙthｅyhapｐen．Aparｔfromsupｐｌyiｎgｎewsfrｏmalｌoverthｅworｌｄ,neｗspapersgiveuｓａlｏtofotｈerusefuｌｉnｆoｒmatioｎ．Theｒeareｗeａtherrepｏrtｓ,ｒadiｏ,ｔeleviｓiｏｎanｄfiｌmguiｄes,ｂoｏkｒevieｗs,stoｒiesａｎｄ,ｏfcｏurｓe,ａdｖeｒtisements.Tｈebiｇgeroｎesareputinｂｙｌaｒgｅcoｍpaｎiestobｒingａｔtentiontotheirprｏｄucts.Ｔｈeypaythenｅwｓpaｐersthousaｎdsofdoｌlａrsfoｒtheadvertiｓinｇspace,butｉtiswoｒththemoney,fｏrnｅwｓoｆtheｉrproducｔｓｇoesiｎｔoalmｏsｔｅｖｅryhoｍeinthecｏｕntrｙ.Foｒthosewｈoprｏduｃeneｗspaperｓ,aｄvertisementｓａreａlsｏvｅryimportaｎt．Moｎｅｙearnｅdfromaｄvｅｒtｉsemeｎtｓｍａｋesｉtposｓiｂｌeｆｏrthｅmtosellthｅｉrｎewｓpapeｒｓaｔａｌowｐｒiｃｅandｓtillmakｅaprｏｆit．Ｎewsｐaｐerｓoftenｈaｖeiｎｆｏrmaｔiｏnongardeｎinｇ，coｏkinganｄfashionａｓweｌlasａsmallｂutｖerypoｐｕｌａｒsecｔiｏnonjokｅsandcartｏｏns(漫畫).1.Tｈｅhａbiｔofreadingnewsｐaｐerｓｉs_______＿_A.uncommｏninthｅｗorlｄB.noｔpopｕlarｉnU.S.A.C．wｉdespreadｉntｈewoｒldD．foundeｄamongafeｗｆamiliｅｓ2.Aｆｅwｈundrｅdｙｅarｓaｇoneｗsdｉｄnot___＿＿＿__A.rｅceiveaｔteｎtiｏｎB.traｖelfastC.spreadtoothｅrcｏuntrｉｅsD.takelongｔoreａchothｅｒcouｎtｒieｓ３.Inthepａst，nｅｗsｗａs________A．sｅntbyｔelegrａｐhB.passedfromｏnepersontoanotｈerC．ｓenｔbyleｔterD.sｅｎtbyｔelｅｐhonｅ４．ThemｏｎeｙsｐｅntonadverｔｉsｅmentsｉsA.wasteｄＢ.notmuｃhＣ．ｗorｔｈｗhilｅD．usｅlesｓ５．Ｔheｓｅctionｏnjokeｓaｎｄcａrtｏｏnsｉs___＿_____A.reａdonｌｙbychildｒenB.ofnoｖalueC.nｏtｈｅlpfulD.ｒeadｂyｍanyPａssａge2Qｕｅstｉoｎs6to10ａrebａsedontｈefｏllｏwiｎgpasｓage:PepysandhisｗifehadaskedｓomefriｅｎdstodinｎｅronSuｎday,Septeｍｂer2nd,１6６6.TｈeywｅreuｐｖｅrylaｔｅｏntheＳａturdayｅvening，gettingeveｒｙｔhiｎgreaｄｙfortｈenextdaｙ,andwhiletheywerebusytheyｓawtheｇloｗoｆａfｉrestａrtiｎｔhｅskｙ.By3o’clockoｎtheSundayｍorｎｉng，iｔsｇlowhadbecomeｓobrigｈtｔhaｔJanewoｋeherhusｂandtowatchiｔ．Pepyssliｐpeｄoｎｈiｓｄrｅssiｎg—ｇｏwnaｎｄwｅntｔotｈeｗiｎdｏｗtｏwatcｈｉt．Itseｅmedfaiｒlｙfarawaｙ,oａfｔeratiｍehewenｔbacktobeｄ．Ｗhｅnhｅgoｔupｉntｈemorning，iｔlooked,asthoughthefirewasdｙingｄown,thouｇｈhecouldstillseesomefｌames．Soｈeｓetｔowoｒktｏｔｉｄyｈisroｏmaｎdｐutｈｉsthｉnｇｓｂａｃkｗherｅｈewaｎtedtｈem.Wｈilehewasｄoinｇthis,Janｅcaｍｅｉntosaythaｔｓheｈadｈeardthｅfiｒeｗａsabadone；hundｒeｄｈouseshａdbeenｂuｒneddowninｔhenighｔａndheｆｉｒeｗａsstiｌｌbuｒning.Ｐeｐyswｅntoｕtｔｏseｅｆoｒhimseｌf.ＨeｗenttothｅTｏｗerofＬondonａｎｄclｉmbｅdup‘ｏnahighpartoｆｔhebuilｄingssothaｔhecｏｕldseｅwhａtwａshappｅｎing.Fｒｏmtｈｅre,Peｐｙsｃouldsｅeｔhatitwas,indeed,abaｄfｉreａndtｈateventｈｅhouseｓoｎLｏｎｄｏｎBridgewｅｒｅburnｉｎg.ＴhｅmanoftheTｏｗertoldhimthaｔthｅfｉｒehａdstａrtedinaｂakｅr’sshopinPuｄｄingLane;theｂaker’shoｕsehaｄｃaｕｇhｔfirｅｆromｔheoｖｅr—hｅatｅdoｖenａnｄthｅｎｔhｅflaｍeshadquicklyspreａdtotheｏthｅrhousesｉntheｎarｒowｌane．SobeｇａnｔheGrｅａtFireofLondoｎ，afirethａｔlasteｄｎeａrlyfivedａys，ｄesｔroyeｄmoｓtｏｆtｈｅolｄcityandenｄeｄ，soiｔissａid,atPieＣorneｒ．6．Whａtisｔhepassageabout？A.ThｅGreatFirｅofLoｎdon.B.Ｗhowasthefirsttoｄiscoverｔhefiｒe.C．WｈａtPｅpｙｓwasdoｉｎｇduringtheｆirｅ．D.Thelosｓescausedｂytｈefire.7.Ｔhｅywｅreuｐｖerylatebecauｓe______＿_Ａ.itwａsＳuｎdaymorniｎgB.tｈeyweｒｅnｏtveｒｙsｌｅｅpyC．thｅyｗereprｅparingｆoｒthedｉnneｒ.D.theysawthｅgreatfiｒｅsｔart.８.ＷhａｔｗasPepｙｓｄoingwhenhisｗｉfeｔolｄhｉmａboｕｔthefire？A.Heｗasａsｌeep.B.Hｅwaswｒｉtingsoｍｅtｈing．C.Hewaspｕttinｇthiｎgsback.D.Heｗasｌookｉｎｇoutofthewindow.9：“Pｅpｙｓｓliｐpｅdｏnhiｓdｒessingｇowｎ.“ToslipoｎmｅansA.tｏｂeweａrｉngB.tobepushingＣ.ｔｏtakeｏffD.tｏputon1０.Whydｉｄthefｌaｍessｐｒeadquickly?Ａ．Tｈeoｖｅnｂecaｍeｖerｙhot.Ｂ.Thehｏusｅswerｅclosetｏｇether.Ｃ.Thebaｋerdidnotｈingtoｓtopit.Ｄ.Ｔhｅｂaｋer’shｏusewasburｎiｎgｑuiｃkly.Pａｓsagｅ３Quｅsｔｉｏnｓ11to１5ａrebaｓedoｎｔheｆｏｌlｏwingpaｓｓagesAnewrｅpｏrｔofｔｈｅＵnitｅdNatｉonsshowsthat,ifｔｈepｒｅsentｇrｏwthrateof２pｅrcentpｅryｅarcontｉnｕｅs,todａｙ’ｓｗorｌdpｏｐulａtionof5.1wｉlｌhｉt6．４bｉlｌiｏｎbytheｙear20２3．What’sｍore,ｔhegreａtpaｒtoftheｇｒoｗtｈ—9oｆevery1０pｅoｐlｅａdｄｅdｔoｔheeaｒth’sｐopulatｉon—wilｌｂeｉｎｔｈeｐoｏｒandundeｖｅloｐｅｄcounｔries.Thｅsｅaretｈenationｓwhereproｖiｄingｅｎｏｕgｈfoodfoｒbilｌionｓoｆpeｏplealrｅadyｉsｐrｏvinｇtobｅaheａdachiｎgproblem.Byｔｈｅyｅar2０23,toｄay’s“havenot”naｔionswillｈａveatotalpopuｌａtｉoｎof5biｌlｉonpｅoｐle，ｎearlｙfourfifｔhsofthｅｗorld’spｏpulation.Foｏdiｓn’ttheoｎlyprobｌemthatｓuchaｐopulatioｎexploｓioｎpresents.Themoｒepeｏplethｅｒｅareandtｈｅｗoｒｓetheirlivingcｏndiｔioｎs,tｈegrｅatｅrgrowｔｈｅpｏsｓiｂilityｏfallkindｓｏｆsoｃiaｌprｏbｌeｍs．Ｉｎ1830,ｗoｒｌdpopuｌａtioｎｒｅached1bilｌｉｏn.Ittｏoｋｏｎly1０0moｒｅyearsｔｏaddanｏtherbilｌionｔowoｒldｐopulａtionｊust30moretoａｄdatｈirdｂiｌlion．Ａｎdiｔtoｏkjuｓt１5mｏreｙearstoreａcｈtｈe4bｉllionｍａrkin1975.Actuallｙ,theｗorld’sbｉrthｒateisｆａllinｇ.Butsoisdeatｈrate,aｓmｅｄｉｃaladｖanｃeshavｅｍａdｅitpｏsｓiｂｌeformａntoｌiｖelongeｒthanbeforｅ.Suchadvaｎceｓhａvｅalｓorｅducｅdbabydeatｈratｅ．Unlessｐｏpuｌatioｎgｒowthisｒeｄuｃed,tｈeworｌｄpoｐulaｔionmayreａch１2ｂillionｉｎaceｎｔury.Istheeａrtｈｃvidiｎgagoodｌiｆeforsｏlargｅapｏpulatｉon?１1.Aｐｏpuｌatｉoｎｅｘplosionwillleadto_______＿_.A.alｏtoｆsociａlpｒoblemsB.mｅdiｃaｌadvanｃesＣ.adecreaseiｎfoodpｒoductiｏnD.awｏrselｉfeinevｅrycoｕntrｙ１２.Ｉttｏok___＿__＿yｅarforwｏrldｐopｕｌatｉｏnｔｏgｒowfｏrm1billionto3ｂｉｌliｏｎ.A.1００B.1１5C.13013.Bytheyeａr2023,todａy’s____naｔiｏnswillhaveatｏtalｐｏｐｕｌａｔionof５billｉonpeople,nearlｙfoｕrｆifthsofthｅｗorld’spｏｐulaｔioｎ.A.biｇgeｓtＢ.ＡsｉａnC.deveｌopingD.deｖｅlｏped14.______＿_,thewoｒldｍａｙｈavｅapopｕｌationof12bｉｌｌioninaｃentury.A．ＩfmaｎcａnlｉveloｎgerinthｅfｕtureB．ＩfthesｃienｃeofmediｃineiｓｄeｖelｏpiｎgfastenoｕgｈC.IftheｐopｕｌaｔiongroｗthｉsｎotreduｃeｄD.Ｉｆｔheｅartｈisabｌｅtoｐrｏvｉｄeagoｏdlｉｆｅforｍｏｒｅpeoｐle１５.Thｉsｐaｓｓaｇetellsｕｓtｈat＿___＿____A.tｈeUnitedNatｉonsｔhｉnksｉtpossibleｔoavｏidapopulationexｐloｓiｏnB.５.１biｌlionpeopｌearｅｌｉvingiｎｔheundevelｏpedcｏuntｒiesC.inaｄvａnｃｅｄnatiｏｎsthｅｐoｐulationgroｗthｉsbｅiｎgcontrolledD.tｈeworlｄ’spｏｐulationｉsincreasinｇPａｓsaｇe4Questions16to20aｒebａsedｏｎthｅｆollｏｗinｇｐａssａge.Aｓcienｔisｔwhｏwantｓtｏpreｄicｔthｅwａyinｗhichconｓuｍers(消費者)wiｌlspenｄthｅiｒｍoneymｕｓtstudｙcoｎsｕｍｅrbｅhａvior.Hemusｔoｂtaiｎｄａtａboｔhｏnｔｈerｅsourceｓofｃｏnsｕｍeｒsａｎdontｈemｏtｉvesthａtｔｅndtoeｎcourａｇeｏrｄiｓcoｕｒａｇemoneyspｅnｄing．Iｆaneconoｍistwerｅaskeｄwhichｏfthreｅgroupｓborrowmost—ｐeopｌewitｈｒisiｎｇincomｅｓ,Stableincｏmes,oｒｄｅｃreaｓｉngｉncoｍes—hewｏulｄproｂaｂlyaｎswer,ｔｈｏsewｉthdecｒeａsiｎgiｎｃomes.Ａｃｔuａllyyearｓ1９47—１950，thｅａnsweｒwａs:peｏpｌｅwithrisｉnｇiｎｃｏmｅs．Peoｐｌewithdecｒeasingiｎｃomeswereｎｅｘtaｎdpeopｌewitｈstablｅincomｅsｂorroweｄｔｈelｅast.Ｔｈisshowsｕsthatｔraｄiｔｉｏnalaｓｓumptions(假設)abｏutｅarningaｎdsｐendinｇarenotalwａysrｅlｉable．Aｎoｔhｅrtraditionaｌassｕmｐtｉｏnisthaｔifpｅopｌewhoｈavemoneyｅxpｅcｔpricestogoｕptheyｗillhaｓｔentobuy.Iｆthｅyｅxｐｅｃtpriｃestoｇodowｎ,theywｉllpoｓtponebuying．Butreseａrcｈsuｒvｅyshａveshowｎtｈａtthisｉsnｏtａｌwaｙｓtｒue．Ｔhｅｅxpｅｃtatioｎｓofｐriceincｒeａｓeｓmａynotstｉmuｌａtｅbuying.Ｏnｅtypiｃalａttｉtｕdewａsexprｅｓｓerｂyｔhewifeofameｃhaniｃinaninterｖiewataｔimeofrisingprices.“Inaｆｅwmoｎths，”ｓhesaid,“ｗｅ’llhavepａyｍｏrefｏｒmeatａndｍilk;wｅ’llhavｅlesstospendｏnoｔｈertｈings．“Hｅrfaｍilyhａdbｅｅnplａnningｔobuｙanewcａrbuttheｙpostｐoｎedthispuｒchａse.Fｕｒtheｒｍorｅ,ｔheriseiｎpriｃesthathaｓａlreadytaｋenplacemaybedisliｋｅdａnｄｂuyer’sｒesｉsｔancemayｂｅｐroduｃｅd.Tｈisｉsshｏwnbythｅｆｏｌlｏwingment:“Iｊustdon’ｔｐａytｈｅｓｅｐｒices;theyaretｏｏｈiｇh.”ＴheｉnvesｔｉｇａｔioｎsmｅｎtionedａbovｅwerｅcarｒiedoutｉnＡmeriｃa;ｃondiｔｉonｍosｔhｅlｐfultoｓpendingapｐｅarsｔobeｐricｅstabilｉty.Ifpriceshａvebeeｎstabｌeandｐｅoplecoｎｓideｒthattheyareｒｅasoｎabｌe,theｙareｌikelytobuｙ.Tｈus,itaｐｐｅarsｔhattｈecoｍmonbusinｅｓsｐolicyofmaintaｉnｉnｇstaｂleprｉcｅsisｂasｅdonａcorrectuｎdｅrｓｔandingｏｆconｓｕmerｐsｙchｏlogy(心理學).16.Acｃordｉｎｇtothepasｓagｅ,ifoｎewaｎtｓｔopｒedictthewayｓｐeｎdtｈeirmoney,hｅｓｈould_＿＿____．A.relyｏntraditionａlassumptionｓaboutｅarninganｄspendinｇB．trytｏｅｎcourageoｒdiscourａｇeｃonsumerstospｅnｄmonｅyC.carｒyouｔｉnvestｉgatiｏnsoｎcｏnsｕmeｒbehaｖioｒanｄｇｅｔｄaｔaｏncoｎsｕmeｒsincomeｓａndmoneｙｓpenｄingmｏｔｉｖesD．doresearcｈesincoｎsumerpsycholoｇyinalabｏratｏｒy.17．Ａｃcｏｒdingｔoparａgｒaｐh2，onetraditｉonalasｓumｐtｉoniｓtｈatpeoplewith______＿_incｏmesboｒrowmｏst.A.averaｇeB.stableＣ.dｅcreaｓinｇD.rising18．Aｃcorｄｉｎgtｏparagraph2,ｒｅｓearｃhsuｒveyshａｖeｐroｖｅdthat＿___＿__＿_A.priｃeinｃreasesaｌｗａyｓstiｍulaｔｅpeｏpletohaｓｔentoｂuｙthiｎgsB.risingｐricｅsmaｙmａkepeoｐleputoffｔheirpurchaseofceｒtaiｎthingsC.woｍenaｒemoresenｓitivｅｔotｈｅrisinginｐricesthａnmｅnD.theexpｅctatｉｏnsofpriceincreaseｓoｆtenmaｋｅbuｙersfeelangry.19.Fromｔheｒesultsofthｅｓurveys,tｈewriteroftｈisaｒticlｅ__＿＿__＿__A.concludesthａｔtheｓａvｉnｇaｎdspendingｐatternsinGｒｅatBｒｉtａinaｒeｂetｔerthanｔhoseinAｍｅricaＢ．ｃoncludesthaｔthｅcoｎsｕｍeｒsaｌwａｙseｘｐeｃtpｒiｃｅｓtoreｍainstableＣ．conｃludesthatmaintainｉnｇstａbleｐricesｉsaｃorrｅctbusineｓｓpolicyＤ．dｏｅｓnotdraｗanyconcｌusｉｏｎ20.WhｉｃhoｆthｅfｏlloｗｉｎｇstａteｍｅntsｉsalwaysTRUEaｃcordiｎgtｏthｅsurveysmentiｏｎedinthepａssage?Ａ.Consumersｗｉllputofｆbuyｉnｇｔhiｎｇsiftｈeｙexｐectpricｅｓtodｅcreａse．Ｂ.ConsuｍｅrｓwｉllspｅｎdtｈｅiｒmoneyｑｕｉｃkｌyｉfｔhｅyeｘｐectpｒicｅstｏｉnｃｒｅasｅC.ThepriceｃｏnｄｉｔionhａsanｉnｆluenｃeonconsumｅrｂｅｈaｖiｏrＤ.Ｔｒaｄｉtiｏnalassumptionｓaboutearniｎgａndspｅndingarｅrｅliable.PａrtIＩVocabularyａndSｔrucｔure（40%)21.Ｈｏwlongｄoyouｔｈｉnk_＿____＿_toｆinｉshthisuｒgentｔask?A．didittａkｅｙouB.itwilltaｋeyｏｕC．wiｌｌittakeyouD.ｉｔtotakeyｏu2２.Ｗealth,edｕｃatiｏｎandｏccｕpatｉoｎvａrｙgrｅaｔly_＿＿＿＿___ｍeｍbeｒsofthemiddleｃlasｓ.A.ａmｏngB.beｔweenC.ｆroｍD.inｓide２3．Let’sbuyouｒticｋetswhileIｓtillhａvｅ_＿＿＿_＿＿__Ａ.aｌｉｔtlemonｅytoleaveB.littlｅｍoneｙlefｔC.afｅwdolｌarsｌｅftD．fewdollarstolｅａｖe2４.________wａsnotｔheｗaythｅeventhappened.A．WhichthepｒessｒｅportedB.ThattheｐrｅssreporｔｅdＣ.WhａtdidｔheｐｒessrｅportD.Whatｔｈeprｅsｓreported25．Peoplｅdonotlikesｕcｈpersｏnsｗhoａｒｅalwayｓ_____＿tｈewayofｏthers.Ａ.ｏnB．ｂyC.iｎD.beｈinｄ２6.Atfirｓtｗewｅre________byDon’sｗｏrdｓ,butsoonｗewｅｒetｉrｅdofthem.A.grｅatＢ.farC．mucｈD.neveｒ27.Heｔalｋsaｓifhe_____＿__eｖｅｒytｈｉnｇiｎtｈeworld.Ａ.kｎowsB.ｋneｗＣ．ｈadknｏwnD．wouldhavekｎowｎ28.ThedｏctｏrａdｖisedthatMｒ．Malan____aｎopｅrationrightawaｙsoaｓtosａvehislife.A．hadB.wouｌdhａｖeＣ．haveD.wａsgoiｎgtｏhave29.Heｆoｒgotａbout____himｔoaｔteｎｄmywiｆe’sbirtｈｄayparty.Ａ.IａｓkinｇB．mｙaskｉngC.mｅtoａsｋD.mｉneｔｏａｓk３０.Soｌｉttｌe___＿aboutstocｋexchａngeｔhａｔthelｅcturewａsｃoｍpleｔelｙｂｅyｏndme.Ａ.diｄIknoｗB.ＩhaｄknｏwnC.IkneｗD.wａsＩｋnｏｗn31.Tｈeboｙ’slaziness__＿＿_hisfaｉｌｕrｅｉｎtheeｘamｓ.A.ｒesuｌｔｅdfromＢ.ｂrouｇhtｉnC.resulｔｅｄｉnＤ.lｅo３２.Oｎｌｙguｅｓtsｏftｈehotｅlenjoythe___＿_ofｕｓingtｈeｐｒiｖatebeaｃh.Ａ.pｒivilegeＢ.ｐｏssibiｌｉtyC.faｖoｒD.aｄvantagｅ33.Tｏm__＿___morethanｔweｎｔypounｄｓfｏrtheｄｉｃtiｏnary.A.sｐeｎtＢ.paｉｄC.coｓtＤ.took34.Teｒnoｒｈａdtｏ＿＿____＿allhisappoｉntｍentｓforthedayandrｕsｈtｏthetraｉ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