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英語四級圖表作文講解及參考范文圖表作文也是四(六)級考試中常見,并且被認(rèn)為是一種較難的作文形式。圖表作文就是把非文字信息(通常為各種圖表表達(dá)的數(shù)字信息等)轉(zhuǎn)換成文字信息的一種作文。它規(guī)定我們用文字來描述非文字性的圖表或?qū)D表顯示的關(guān)系作解釋說明。第一節(jié)圖表作文的出題形式和寫作要領(lǐng)一、圖表作文常見出題形式圖表作文一般在題目中給出作文的標(biāo)題和一個或幾個登記表格、圓形圖、曲線圖或條形圖,有時還用英文或中文提綱的形式給出提醒,規(guī)定我們:1)用文字描述圖表,客觀解釋圖表中所傳遞的信息,并找出某種規(guī)律或趨勢;2)就圖表中所反映的某種趨勢或問題分析其因素或后果。二、圖表作文的寫作環(huán)節(jié)寫圖表作文時,要注意遵循以下環(huán)節(jié):1)認(rèn)真分析圖表的含義,弄清圖表中所含的信息及不同信息間的關(guān)系;2)擬定文章的主題思想,構(gòu)思出文章的基本框架,篩選出能說明圖表主題思想的典型數(shù)據(jù);3)編列文章的提綱;4)根據(jù)文章的提綱,將各段的提綱內(nèi)容擴展成段落,然后將各個段落組成文章,注意段與段之間的銜接與過渡;5)檢查與修改。?三、圖表作文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)寫圖表作文時,常采用三段式的陳述方式。文章的第一段往往分析圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)變化反映什么問題或趨勢,概述圖表所揭示的信息。第二段分析導(dǎo)致這一問題或趨勢的因素。第三段則展望未來的情況或提出解決問題的辦法或建議。這一結(jié)構(gòu)可以簡樸地表述為:第一段:概述圖表反映的主題思想(總趨勢+極端值+特點,時態(tài))第二段:分析產(chǎn)生的因素第三段:展望未來或提出方法或建議模板一①總的趨勢②圖表具體描述③剖析圖表所揭示的含義④理由一⑤理由二⑥理由三⑦理由四⑧總結(jié)⑨前景預(yù)測Ascanbeseenfromthetable,thepastdecadehaswitnesseddramat(yī)icchangesin①___(dá)___.While②_______.Itisobviousfromthetablethat③___(dá)__(dá)____.Whatcontributedtothesechanges?Ithinkthereasonsareasfollows.Tostartwith,④__(dá)___(dá)_.Secondly,⑤____(dá)__(dá).What’smore,⑥_______(dá).Lastbutnotlease,⑦_____(dá)___.Inconclusion,⑧_____(dá)____.Moreover,⑨___(dá)_____(dá).模板二①描述圖表②分三方面解釋因素③下結(jié)論1)Duringtheperiodfrom____(dá)__(dá)_to___(dá)__(dá)__,__(dá)__(dá)____rosefrom____(dá)____to_____(dá)__,while__(dá)_____(dá)decreasedfrom__(dá)___(dá)__(dá)to_____(dá)__(dá).2)Webelievethat(yī)threereasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon.First,__(dá)__(dá).Second,____.Third,_____.3)___.Wearehappytoseethatthingsarebecomingbetterandbetternowadays.Wecanimaginethat___.模板三①描述圖表②解釋圖表③補充解釋1)Duringtheperiodbetween______(dá)_and___(dá)__(dá)__(dá)_,___(dá)_____declinedabruptlyfrom__(dá)____(dá)_to__(dá)___(dá)__(dá)_,while___(dá)_____increasedsharplyfrom___(dá)____(dá)_to______(dá)_.2)Severalreasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon.Comparedwith____(dá)_____ismuchcheaperandmoreconvenient__(dá)__(dá)______.Apartfromthat,____(dá)__(dá)__(dá)_.3)However,therearestillanumberofpeoplewho___(dá)______,generallyfortworeasons.Ontheonehand,__(dá)____(dá)__.Ontheotherhand,___(dá)___(dá)__(dá).范文:FilmIsGivingWaytoTV1.電影觀眾越來越少2.電視觀眾越來越多,由于……3.然而,還是有人喜歡看電影,由于……1.圖表類型:table表格;chart圖表;diagram圖表或圖解,示意圖;graph圖表,曲線圖;column/barchart柱狀圖;piechart餅圖2.描述:show;describe;illustrate;canbeseenfrom;clear;apparent;reveal顯示;represent表現(xiàn),描繪3.內(nèi)容:figure數(shù)字;statistic記錄值;statistics[用作復(fù)]記錄,記錄數(shù)字[資料],登記表number;percentage;proportion●表達(dá)數(shù)據(jù)上升:increase,rise,ascend,core,surge,goup,climb,mount,levelup下降:decrease,fall,drop,descend,decline,reduce,lessen,level,down平穩(wěn):stable,steady,remainsteady/stable;/maintain/keep/bethesameas/similarto;little/hardlyany/nochange波動:fluctuate,fluctuation,riseandfalls,upanddown占:occupy,takeup,accountfor,gain而:while,however,whereas,ontheotherhand,actually/infact相比:bycontract,onthecontrary,likewise,comparedwith最高點:thehighest,thetop,thesummit,thepeak,themost最低點:bottom,less,least,rockbottom最低點例句Priceshavehitrockbottom.價格已達(dá)最低水平平均:mean平均值,average趨勢:tendency,trend,inclination預(yù)見:prediction達(dá)成頂峰:mountto比例:20percent,20%oneinthree,1/3oneoutofeveryfour,1/4有一個穩(wěn)定的過程:astableperiodcanbeseen表達(dá)變化限度的詞:sudden/suddenly? ??忽然的,意外的rapid/rapidly?? ??迅速的,飛快的,險峻的dramat(yī)ic/dramatically ?戲劇性的,生動的significant/significantly?故意義的,重大的,重要的sharp/sharply?????明顯的,急劇的steep/steeply ????急劇升降的steady/steadily?? ? 穩(wěn)固的,堅定不移的gradual/gradually ? 漸進的,逐漸的slow/slowly??? ??緩慢的,不活躍的slight/slightly??????輕微的、略微地stable/stably ???穩(wěn)定的表達(dá)范圍:from…to…between…and…for…to…多長時間直到表達(dá)限度:almostadv. ? ?? 幾乎,差不多nearlyadv.? ????幾乎,密切地approximat(yī)elyadv.???近似的,大約justover?? ????剛超過exactlyadv.對的地,嚴(yán)密地preciselyadv.正好精確地;清楚地●常用詞和短語significantchanges 圖中一些較大變化noticeabletrend ??明顯趨勢duringthesameperiod在同一時期grow/grew??? 增長distribute?? ???分布,區(qū)別unequally ? ?? 不相等地pronounced ? ?明顯的average? ?????平均nodoubt ? ???無疑地correspondingadj. 相應(yīng)的,通訊的representvt.??? ?闡述,表現(xiàn)overall???????體上講except ???除外inthecaseofadv.?在…的情況下incontrast? ???相反,大不相同inconclusionadv. ?最后,總之incomparison???相比之下inverselyadv.? ??相反地,倒轉(zhuǎn)地ingeneral ???? 通常,大體上,一般而言rangfrom…to???從…到…不等excessiveadj. ???過多的,過度的,額外lowerv.???? 減少,跌落elapsevi.?? ???(時間)過去,消逝categoryn.? ? ??種類governmentpolicy政府政策marketforces? ??市場規(guī)律measuren.尺寸,方法,措施v.估量,調(diào)節(jié)forecastn. ?? 先見,預(yù)見表達(dá)限度的副詞:1.)限度較大:considerablydramat(yī)icallygreat(yī)lymarkedlyobviouslyquicklyrapidlysharplysignificantlysuddenly2)限度較小:slightlygraduallyslowlysteadily四、圖表作文常用的句型(1)常用的開篇句型(即概述圖表內(nèi)容時常用的表達(dá)法)①Accordingtothetable/piechart/linegraph/bargraph,wecansee/concludethat…根據(jù)該表/圖,我們可知……②Thetable/graphreveals(shows/indicat(yī)es/illustrates/represents/pointsout)that…該表/圖表白……③Aswecanseefromthetable…Ascanbeseenfromtheline/bargraph…Asisshown(illustrat(yī)ed/indicated)inthepiechart…如表/圖所示,……(2)描述增減變化常用的句型①Comparedwith…isstillincreasedby…②Thenumberof…grew/rosefrom…to…③Anincreaseisshownin…;thencameasharpincreaseof…④In…thenumberremainsthesame/dropsto…⑤Therewasaveryslight(small/slow/gradual)rise/increasein1990.⑥Therewasaverysteady(marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/dramatic)drop(decrease/decline/fall/reduction)in1998/comparedwiththatoflastyear).第二節(jié)圖表作文樣題與樣文舉例樣題一:Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHowPeopleSpendTheirHolidays.Pl(wèi)easegiveabriefdescriptionofthetablefirstandthenmakecommentsonit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.HowPeopleSpendTheirHolidaysAsisclearlyshowninthetablethat(yī)therewasadramat(yī)icchangeinthewaypeoplespenttheirholidaysbetween1990and2023.Especially,in1990,63%ofpeoplespenttheirholidaysathome,whilethefiguredecreasedconsiderablyto24%in2023.Therearethreereasonsforthisphenomenon.Tobeginwith,withthedevelopmentofmarket-orientedeconomy,peopleearnbyfarmoremoneythantheyusedto,makingitpossibleforthemtoaffordtravelingexpenses.Inaddition,peoplerealizetheimportanceofgettingwell-informedabouttheoutsideworldinthismoderneratodeveloptheirpotential.Forexample,atravelermayencounterortalkwithsomeoneofadifferentculturalbackgroundsoastobroadenhisvision.Lastbutnotleast,bytravelingoutside,peopleareclosetonature,whichisnotonlybeneficialtoboththeirhealthandpeaceofmind.Inshort,moreandmorepeopletaketheoccasionofholidaytotraveloutsideandrelaxthemselves.AsfarasIamconcerned,Iprefertogotravelinginsteadofstayingathomeduringholidays.Ontheonehand,Ilovemeetingdifferentpeopleandtakeinsomefreshideas.Ontheotherhand,itisagreedthattheworldisbecomingaglobalvillage.Noonecouldconfinehimselfwithinhissmallcircleoffamiliesorrelatives.Inbrief,Ihavebenefitedalotandwillbenefitmorefromtravelingduringtheholidays.點評:該篇作文屬圖表作文,命題思緒與四級真題圖表作文一致,仿真度高。本預(yù)測題關(guān)于人們旅游度假方式的變化,也是社會熱點話題,2023年1月就考過名校校園該不該成為旅游景點話題;2023年6月也是關(guān)于旅游景點的介紹。1、根據(jù)上表,簡要描述1990年、1995年、2023年某城市人們度假方式的情況及其變化;2、請說明發(fā)生這些變化的因素;3、得出結(jié)論。樣題二:ThePursuitofAMaster’sDegreea.根據(jù)下圖描述某校畢業(yè)生畢業(yè)意向的變化b.分析選擇讀研的畢業(yè)生數(shù)目增長的因素c.說明選擇讀研對個人和社會產(chǎn)生的影響Itisillustratedinthepiechartsthatgraduates’choicesaftergraduationhaveexperiencedmuchchange.Thenumberofstudentschoosingtopursueamaster’sdegreeandstudyabroadgrowsseveraltimesoverthedecade.Thereasonsoftheincreasingnumberofstudentspursuingamaster’sdegreeareasfollows.First,withthenumberofcollegegraduatesgrowingeachyear,thesituationinthejobmarketisgettingtighterandtighter.Thepublicawarenessofthesituationhascreatedasurgeofinterestinseekingamaster’sdegree.Secondly,manycross-nat(yī)ionalcompaniessetamuchhigherstandardfornewrecruitsthanever.Itseemsthatthehighereducationyouhave,thehighersalaryyoumayreceive.Choosingtostudyformaster’sdegreewillbenefittheindividualsandthewholesocietyaswell.ThequalityofChineseintellectualswillbeconsiderablyenhanced,whichinturnwillboosttheprogressofthewholesociety.樣題三:Direction:Forthispartyouareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:CellPhones.Youshouldwritenolessthan120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:1.描述上圖所示的手機用戶數(shù)的變化情況2.出現(xiàn)這種情況的因素3.對此現(xiàn)象作出評價CellPhonesAsisshowninthechart,cellphonesarebecomingincreasinglypopularwithinChina.In1999,thenumberofcellphonesinusewasonly2million,butin2023,thenumberreaches5million.Andintheyear2023,thenumberhassuddenlysoaredto9million.Therearemanyfactorscontributingtothisdevelopment.Firstly,acellphonehasnowiresandcanbecarriedeverywhereeasily.Secondly,acellphoneissomethingwonderfulthat(yī)wecanhavefunwithnews,games,musicandchatthroughsendingshortmessages.Thirdly,thedropinpriceandthesimultaneousimprovementinthefunctionshavemadeitpossibleforanaveragepersontomakeuseofcellphone.Thewideuseofcellphoneshasmakethemmoreandmoreindispensableinpeople’sdailylife.Themanyfunctionsofthecellphonehavemadecertainpeoplereluctanttoseparatethemselvesfromtheircellphone.點評:隨著我國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,人民的生活水平不斷改善,通訊業(yè)的日新月異的發(fā)展,使得手機使用普及化,成為人們平常生活的必需品,對此的利弊人們見解各異。本預(yù)測題為熱點話題,同樣是年輕人較熟悉和經(jīng)常討論的話題,值得關(guān)注。樣題四:Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledBlog.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbasedonthechartandoutlinegivenbelow:下圖是2023年1-10月中國博客服務(wù)人均月度有效瀏覽時間及增長率,描述變化,說明因素。BlogThishistogram(柱狀圖;直方圖)showsthenumberofpeopleusingblogservicesfromJanuarytoOctoberin2023.Fromitwecanseethat(yī)thenumberofusersincreasedmonthlyfromJanuarytoAugust,exceptFebruary.Aftertwopeakmonths,JulyandAugust,thenumberdroppedslightlyinSeptember,whileinOctoberitpickedupagain.Possiblereasonsforthesechangesarefirst,inFebruaryChinesepeoplecelebrat(yī)edthemostimportantfestival——ChineseNewYear.Thismeansmorepeoplespentmoretimewiththeirfamiliesandfriends,andthereforetheydidn’thaveasmuchtimeforsurfingonline.Secondly,collegestudentsarethemainusersofblogservices.WhileinJulyandAugust,theyhadsummerholidays,whichenabledthemtohavemoresparetimereadingandwritingblogs.Thirdly,withimprovementsofblogservicesandtheinfluenceofsome“starbloggers”,mostofwhomarecelebrities,blogsarebecominganimportantwayforpeopletoexpressthemselvesandcommunicatewithothers.Somoreandmorepeoplearestartingtousetheseservices,whichhelpexplaintheoverallincreaseshownhere.點評:這是一篇圖表題。可以看出,整體呈增長趨勢。但是,二月和九月有所下降。所以,分析的時候要照顧各個方面。樣題五Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositionabout120wordsonthetopic:ChangesinPeople’sDailyExpenses.YourcompositionshouldbewrittenonthefollowingtableandChinesegivenbelow.1.描述圖表中人們天天開支變化情況2.請說明發(fā)生這些變化的因素3.結(jié)合圖表對未來作出合理的預(yù)測ChangesinPeople’sDailyExpenses.What(yī)isshowninthetableaboveindicatesthat(yī)dramaticchangeshavetakenplaceinthepeople’sdailyexpensesfrom1995to1999.Theexpensesonfoodhavedeclinedby30%whilethoseonclothingandrecreationhaveincreasedrespectivelyby9%and7%.Thestatisticsofriseandfallseemtoexistinisolat(yī)ionbutcloselyrelatedtooneanother.Therearetwofactorsaccountingforthesechanges.Developmentineconomyisanessentialoneinthefiveyears.Theincreasedincomeresultingfromeconomicgrowthplaysanimportantpartinthelessexpenseonfood.Hence,asmallpercentageoftotalincomeisenoughtocoverfoodexpense.Anotheroneisthechangesinlifestyle.Whenfoodpresentsnoworrytotheaverage,peoplebegintofocusmoreofinterestonhandsomeappearanceandhappyleisuretime.Asaresultofsuchashift,spendingonclothingandrecreat(yī)ionincreasesyearafteryear.Fromtheanalysesmadeabove,wemaycometotheconclusionthatpeople’slivingstandardshavebeenconstantlyimprovedbetween1995and1999.Withthefurthergrowthineconomyandmorechangesinlifestyle,thetendencyindicat(yī)edinthetablewillcontinueintheb
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