山西省陽泉市李家莊中學2023年高三英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Themeetingbetweenthepresidentsofthosetwocountries___________inParislastweek．A．tookpart

B．tookaction

C．tookeffect

D．tookplace參考答案：D2.TheOlympicSportsCenter_______atpresentinthecityandissaidtobeopentothepublicin2019A.

isbuilt B.hasbuilt C.isbeingbuilt D.willbebuilt參考答案：C3.—I’msorrytohearthatsomevillagersgotdisabledintheearthquake.

—That’stoobad,but_______.A.alliswellthatendswell

B.thedarkesthourisnearestthedawn

C.wherethereislife,thereishope

D.itisgoodtohavefriendsintrouble參考答案：C4.Thisstory,_____,isveryfascinating:therearemanyinterestingcharactersinit.A．onthewhole

B．bynomeans

C．innotime

D．outofthequestion參考答案：A5.ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina,______heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.A.where B.which

C.what

D.when參考答案：B6.Myheadache_____me.Ithoughtitwasgoingaway,butit’sgettingworseandworse.A.iskilling

B.kills

C.waskilling

D.killed參考答案：A7.It’shardtobelievethattheguy

nowisafamousactor.

A．Isatnextatschool

B．Isatnexttoitatschool

C．Isatnexttoatschool

D．Isatnexttoschool參考答案：C8.

Heisonlytooreadytohelpothers,seldom,____,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.

A.ifnever

B.ifever

C.ifnot

D.ifany參考答案：B9.—It'salreadyeleveno'clock,andshe______havebeenherehalfanhourago.—Maybeshegotcaughtintherain.A.must

B.oughtto

C.may

D.can參考答案：B根據對話內容，，尤其是Maybeshegotcaughtintherain可知她遲到了，現在還沒有到場。第一句的句意為：現在已經11點了，她豐小時前就應該到了。oughtto／shouldhavedone表示過去本該做某事但沒有做到。10.Thoseanimalsliveinconditionssimilarto_____existedmillionsofyearsago,whenanimalsbeganmakingthetransitionfromwaterontoland.A.that

B.thosethat

C.those

D.whatthose參考答案：B11.Studentsshouldoftenbeallowedtoworkingroups

givesthemchancestoco-operateandtoshare．

A．who

B．where

C．which

D．what參考答案：C12.ChildrenareeasilyexposedtotheInternetculture__________violenceincreasestosuchadegreethatparentsdon’tallowthemtogoonline.

A.which B.whose C.where D.that參考答案：C略13.After60-yeardevelopmentsince1949,China______amarketwithhugepotentialandaleaderofworldeconomy.A.became

B.isbecoming

C.becomes

D.hasbecome參考答案：D略14.---Comeon,baby!Youwillsucceed.Weallwishtogetgoodnews.

---____,butI’lldomybest.A.Ican’tpromise

B.ItisimpossibleC.

Noproblem

D.Don’tworry參考答案：A15.---HowdoyoulikethetriptotheGreatWall?---Well,thehotelwas_______.Still,wewereluckywiththeweather.A.wonderful

B.impressive

C.unique

D.terrible

參考答案：B略16.Thenextmorninganoticewasputuponthedooroftheworkhouse,offeringarewardto__________wouldemployOliverTwist.A.whoever B.nomatterwho C.whomever D.who參考答案：A17.－Hi,Tom,whynotattendmybirthdayheldlastweek?－Iamsorry,Ihadmeantto,butI

somethingunexpectedAhavemet

Bhadmet

Cmeet

Dmet參考答案：D

二、填空18.Howeverdepressedyoumaybefeelingnow,ifyoulookback,therecertainlywillhavebeeneventsthatmadeyouhappy—maybethetime____21____youboughtyourfirstbicycleoryouwereawardedascholarship.Whengoodthingshappen,wefeelexcited,proudandhappy.Buttheproblemis,happinessdoesn’tusuallylast.Theexcitementofthatfirstbicyclepurchasewearsoff,andtheprideinthescholarshipgiveswaytothestressofperforming___22___(well)onthenextexam.Psychologistscallthisphenomenonhedonicadaptation(享樂適應癥)—thatis,___23___goodsomethingmakesusfeel,mostofthetimewedriftbackto___24___westarted.Anoften_____25_____(quote)exampleisthatlotterywinnersarenohappierthannon-winnerseighteenmonthsaftertheirwin.Butdon’tdespair.Itispossibletomakehappinesslast.Psychologistshavefoundtwoanti-adaptationtoolsthatareeffectiveinsustaininghappiness:varietyandappreciation.Varietyis,asweallknow,thespiceoflife.Butit’salsoausefulweapon_____26_____adaptation.Positivechangesthat_____27_____(experience)inavarietyofwaysaremorelikelytoleadtolastinghappiness.Forexample,youwillfeelhappieraboutyourvolunteerwork_____28_____youareabletocopewithnewtaskseveryweek.Thesecondtool,appreciation,isinmanywaystheoppositeofadaptation.It’saboutfocusingonsomething,insteadoflettingitfadeintothebackground.Itisonlywhenyouappreciatesomething

___29___anenduringfeelingofhappinesswillfollow.Humanbeingsspendalotoftimefiguringoutwhatmakesthemhappy,butnotenoughtime_____30_____(try)tohangontothehappinesstheyalreadyhave.Thisislikefocusingallyourenergyonmakingmoremoney,withoutgivinganythoughttowhatyouwilldowiththemoney.Thekeytohappinessistonotonlylookfornewopportunitiesbutalsotomakethemostoftheonesyou’vebeengiven.參考答案：21.when

22.better

23.nomatterhow

24.where

25.quoted

26.against

27.areexperienced

28.if

29.that

30.trying這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了享樂適應癥的定義，表現以及為了保持快樂，克服享樂適應癥所采取的措施。【21題詳解】考查關系代詞。句意：不管你現在有多沮喪，如果你回頭看一看，肯定會有一些事情讓你開心——也許是你買了第一輛自行車或者獲得獎學金的時候。分析句子可知，thetime為先行詞，在定語從句中作時間狀語，所以應用關系副詞when。故填when.【22題詳解】考查副詞比較級。句意：第一次購買自行車的興奮感消失了，而對獎學金的驕傲情緒也讓位于下次考試表現得更好的壓力。副詞修飾動詞，根據本句的句意可知，人們感到不快樂是因為人們不斷追求更好的表現，不斷給自己施壓。所以用副詞的比較級better修飾動詞perform。故填better.【23題詳解】考查從屬連詞。句意：無論什么東西讓我們感覺好，大部分時間我們都會漂回我們開始的地方。分析句子可知，本句缺少從屬連詞，根據句意可知，本句為nomatterhow引導的讓步狀語從句，其形式為：nomatterhow+adj/adv+主語+謂語。故填nomatterhow.【24題詳解】考查連接副詞。句意：無論什么東西讓我們感覺好，大部分時間我們都會漂回我們開始的地方。to為介詞，后接從句作賓語，根據句意，本句接where引導的賓語從句，其中where在賓語從句中作地點狀語。故填where.【25題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：一個經常被引用的例子是彩票中獎者并不比非中獎者在中獎18個月后更快樂。quoted為形容詞修飾名詞example。故填quoted.【26題詳解】考查介詞。句意：但它也是阻止適應的有效武器。由前文可知，變化是有效維持幸福感的反適應工具，所以判斷出本句應填介詞against。故填against.【27題詳解】考查一般現在時的被動語態。句意：經歷了以各種方式的積極的變化更有可能帶來持久的幸福。分析句子可知，changes為先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作主語，且changes與experienced為被動。故填areexperienced.【28題詳解】考查從屬連詞。句意：例如，如果你每周都能應付新的任務，你就會對自己的志愿工作感到高興。分析句子可知，空處缺少連詞，根據句意可知，本句為if引導的條件狀語從句，主句為將來時，在本句中為youwillfeelhappieraboutyourvolunteerwork，從句為一般現在時，在本句中為youareabletocopewithnewtaskseveryweek。故填if.【29題詳解】考查連接詞。句意：只有當你欣賞某樣東西時，才會產生持久的快樂感。本句為強調句式：it+be+強調部分（狀語）+that+主語+謂語。本句前調的部分為：onlywhenyouappreciatesomething，所以連接詞為that。故填that.【30題詳解】考查動名詞。句意：人們花了大量的時間去弄清楚是什么讓他們快樂，但卻沒有足夠的時間去把握他們已經擁有的幸福。本句涉及sbspend+時間（in）doingsth的用法。分析句子可知，but連接的是alotoftimefiguringoutwhatmakesthemhappy和notenoughtime_____10_____(try)tohangontothehappinesstheyalreadyhave。所以應填trying。故填tying.19.

Birdmigration(遷徙)

Themanreasonformigrationormovementisfood;forexample,somebirdsmaychoosenottomigrateiftheyarefedthroughthecoldmonthsChangesinthedaylengtharesignalsformigrationandrelatetothephysicalchangesinthebirds.Birdswillalsodisplayrestlessnessandincreasetheirfatdeposition(沉積).Duringshorterdaysinthefall,birdswillreturntowarmerareaswheretheyfindadequatefoodsupply.

Manysmallerinsect-eatingbirdsmigratelargedistancesusuallyatnight.Theymayfeedforanewdaysbeforecontinuingtheircourseoftravel.Anadvantagefornightmigratingisthatitminimizesthethreatofpredators(食肉動物),allowingthebirdstofeedduringthedayandavoidoverheating.

Themigrationforthesebirdsisbasedonanumberofdifferentsenses.Manybirdsusethesunasacompass.Theabilitytodetectmagneticfield(磁場),useofvisuallandmarks,aswellastheirsenseofsmellareusedtohelptravelduringmigration.Birdmigrationisastronggeneticfactorintermsoftimingandroute,whichcanbeinfluencedbytemperature.Migratorybirdsmayusetwotoolstofindtheirdestinations;innatecapability(geneticallyprogrammed)andexperience.Afirst-timermigrant(候鳥)fliesaccordingtotheEarth’smagneticfield,butdoesnotknowhowfaritwilltakeuntilitgrowsaccustomedtothejourneyandisabletouseitsothercapabilities.Withexperienceitlearnsvariouslandmarksoftencalled“mapping”.

MigrationismainlyseenintheNorthernHemisphereandlessobviousintheSouthernHemisphere.Thisisduetothelackofsignificantweatherchangesandthecontinualsupplyoffoodforthebirds.Acommonpatterninmigrationinvolvesflyingnorthinthespringtobread(繁殖)duringthesummerandtravelingtothesouthinthefallintowarmerregions.Notwospeciesfollowtheexactroutefrombeginningtoend.Migrationsnarrowintooneormorepreferredroutesoroftencalled“flyways”.Flywaysmainlyfollowcoasts,sometimesrives,ormountainranges.TherearefourmajorNorthAmericanflyways;theAtlantic,theMississippi,theCentralandthePacificFlyways.Theflywaysarenotdefinedintheirboundariesandattimesmaybecombinedintoone.

Infact,longdistancemigrantsmoveawayfromeachotherasyoungbirdsandformattachmentstopotentialbreedingandwinteringsites.Oncethesiteattachmentismade,birdsshowhighsite-faith,visitingthesamesitesyearafteryear.Youwillwanttoensureyournestingboxesarecleanedoutandavailablewhenthesebirdsreturntokeepthecyclegoingforthesemigratingspecies.BirdmigrationPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsWhydobirdsmigrate?Besides(71)_____,migrationhassomethingtodowithbirds’physicalchangesanddaylengthchanges.Whataretheadvantagesofnightmigrating?

Nightmigratinghelpsminimizethe(72)________ofbeingthreatenedbypredators.

Nightmigratingallowsbirdstofeedenoughduringthedaywithoutoverheating.(73)______dobirdsmigrate?

Thesun,magneticfield,visuallandmarksandthesenseofsmellareall(74)____forbirdstomigrate.

Environmentalchangesareconnectedwithbirds’timingandroute.

Notonlymagneticfieldbutalsosomeothercapabilitiesand(75)______relatetoafirst-timermigrant’sflying.Wheredobirdsmigrate?

Migrationmainlytakesplaceinthe(76)_____Hemisphere.

Withfourmajorflywaysbirdsmainlyfly(77)______coasts,rivers,ormountainranges.What(78)________canyoudrawfromthebirdmigration?

Birdsare(79)________totheirsiteattachmentverymuch.

Youmustmakesurethecleanboxesare(80)_______beforethebirdscomeback.

參考答案：71.food

72．possibility/chance73．How74.helpful

75．experience76.Northern

77.following/along

78.conclusion

79.faithful80.available/ready74.helpful考查詞性轉換。根據第三段第三句“Ttheirsenseofsmellareusedtohelptravelduringmigration.”可見，把原文中的動詞areusedtohelp轉化為形容詞helpful.75．experience考查原詞重現。從第三段第五句“Migratorybirdsmayusetwotoolstofindtheirdestinations;innatecapability(geneticallyprogrammed)andexperience.”可知，空格處填入experience。76.Northern考查原詞重現。從第四段第一句“MigrationismainlyseenintheNorthernHemisphere”中的“actlike”可知，空格處填入Northern。77.following/along考查詞性轉換或同義轉換。從第四段第六句“Flywaysmainlyfollowcoasts,sometimesrives,ormountainranges.”可把原文中的動詞follow轉化為非謂語following.也可把原句的follow“沿著”轉換成along.三、閱讀理解20.HereisatruestoryaboutafamousmanwhoworkedintheWhiteHouseandacriminal.Theyoncefacedthesamething:theirmothergavethemappleswhentheywereyoung.Thecriminalsaid:oneday,mymotherbroughtsomeapplesandaskedmybrotherandme:“Whichdoyouwant?”“Thereddestandbiggestone,”mylittlebrothersaid.Mymotherstaredathimandsaidtohimangrily:“Youshouldlearntogivethegoodthingstoothers;youshouldn’talwaysthinkofyourself.”Seeingthis,Isuddenlychangedmyideaandthensaidtomymother:“Mum,pleasegivemethesmalleroneandgivethebiggeronetomylittlebrother.”Hearingmywords,mymotherwasveryhappy.Shekissedmeonmyfaceandgavethereddestandbiggestappletomeasaprize.Fromthenon,Ilearnedtotelllies,fight,stealandrob.InordertogetwhatIwanted,Iplayedhard.Asaresult,Iwassentintoprison.Thefamousmanfromthewhitehousesaid:Oneday,mymotherbroughtsomeapples.Shesaidtomybrotherandme:“Youallwantthereddestandbiggestone,right?Well,let’shaveacompetition.NowIdividedthegrasslandinfrontofthegateintotwoandIwillgiveonetoeachofyouandyoumustshear（修剪）itwell.AndIwillgivethereddestandbiggestappletohimwhodoesitthemostquicklyandbest.”Afterthecompetition,IwonandIgotthebiggestapple.Inourfamily,aslongasyouwanttogetthebestthings,youmusttakepartincompetition.Ithinkitisfair.Nomatterwhatyouwant,youmustpaylotsofefforts.32.Thecriminalgotthereddestandbiggestapplebecause______.A.hetoldthetruththathewantedasmalleroneB.heknewhowtomakehismotherhappyfromheranswerC.elderbrothershouldofcoursehavethebiggeroneD.hismotherlovedhimmorethanshelovedtheyoungerbrother33.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat______.A．it’swrongtoaskchildrentochooseappleswhentheyarenotoldenoughB．it’simportanttomakechildrenawarethatnomatterwhattheywant,theymustpayworkC．it’swrongtoaskchildrennottoalwaysthinkofthemselvesD．it’salwaysnecessarytohaveacompetitionwhenwegivechildrenapple34.Thewritertellsthestoryby______.A．organizingitintheorderoftimeB．makingacomparisonbetweentwomenC．providingsomescientificinformationD．describingitintheorderofspace35.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.A．weshouldalwaystrytowincompetitionswhichcanbringusalotB．inordertogetwhatwewant,weshouldplayhardC．amother’seducationalmethodhasagreatinfluenceonachild’sgrowingD．givingchildrenappleswillleadthemtobecomecriminals參考答案：BBBC21.Onenightin1966,MichaelChapmanrushedintoafolk-musicclubinCornwall,Englandtogetoutoftherain,andsoonfoundhimselfonstageplayingtheguitar.“Theyofferedmeajobtoplayfortherestofthesummer.AndI’vebeenplayingeversince,”Chapmansays.“I’vetoldthatstorysomanytimes,butit’slytrue.Ifithadn’tbeenrainingthatnight,Iwouldn’tbetalkingtoyou.”TheBritishguitarplayerhasspentthe50yearssincethenontheroad.Hereleasedsomepraisedalbumsinthe1970s,buthishealthwentdownhillinthe80sand90s.LikealotofBritishartistsinthe1960s,ChapmantaughthimselftoplaytheguitarbylisteningtoAmericanjazzandbluesrecords.Chapmanactuallytaughtphotography,butquitwhenhewas26toplaymusicfulltime.Whenhewasstartingout,hewasoftencomparedtootherBritishacoustic(原聲的)guitarheroesofthetime,likeJohnMartynandBertJansch.“ThefascinatingthingaboutMichaelChapmanisthathedoesn’tfitinwiththoseguysofhisgeneration,”saysAndrewMale,amusicjournalist.“He’salwaysbeenanoutsider.HenevermovedtoLondon.”Andw