山西省大同市同煤第二中學高三英語上學期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.—I'msorry,butIdidn’tmean__________outyoursecret.—Butyouknow,lettingoutone'ssecretmeans________one’sfeelings.A.tolet;tohurt

B.letting;hurting

C.tolet;hurting

D.letting;tohurt參考答案：C略2.

wethoroughlyapplythescientificoutlookondevelopment，ourcountrywillbecomeevenstrongerandmoreprosperous.A.Aslongas

B.Assoonas

C.Eventhough

D.Nowthat參考答案：A3._____sufficienthistoricalandlegalgrounds，China'spositionontheSouthChinaSeahasbeenconsistentandclear．（）A．Associatedwith B．BasedonC．Centeredaround D．Assessedby參考答案：Bassociatedwith"與…有聯系"；basedon"以…為根據"；centeredaround"以…為中心；圍繞…"；assessedby"被評估"．本題是過去分詞短語作狀語表示原因，Basedonsufficienthistoricalandlegalgrounds，意思是"因為以充足的歷史和法律為根據"，因此根據語境及句子所要表達的意思可知答案選B，其它選項意思與語境不符．4.

It’snot____________thatwewanttotalkaboutatthemoment;let’schangethesubject.A.anything

B.something

C.nothing

D.everything參考答案：B5.—Look!Maryiscrazilylookingforsomethingagain!—_____,shecan’tfindherkeys.A.Typically B.Occasionally C.Accordingly D.Particularly參考答案：A【詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：——看!瑪麗又在瘋狂地找東西了!——一向如此，她找不到鑰匙了。A.Typically典型；B.Occasionally偶爾；C.Accordingly因此；D.Particularly特別是。這里typically相當于inawaythatapersonorgroupisgenerallybelievedtobehave“一向如此”，故選A。6.—Anythingelseplease?—Ihaveamessageneedingtobeconfirmed,thatwillprobablychangemylife.A.that B.one C.ones D.it參考答案：B考查代詞。——請問,還有問題嗎?——我有個信息需要確認,一個可能會改變我的生活的信息。所填的代詞作前面message的同位語,而且此處表示泛指,所以用one。7.---Ifourparentswouldlistenmoretous,theywouldunderstandusbetter.---_____.Theyjustexpectustolisten.A.Ibelievenot

B.Noproblem

C.Goodidea

D.Ican’tagreemore參考答案：D8.Holidayis______timeforleisure.Butmakinggooduseof______timeisnotaneasytaskformostpeople.

A.the;the

B.a;the

C.the;a

D.不填;不填參考答案：B9.

Althoughthecausesofcancer_____,wedonotyethaveanypracticalwaytopreventit.

A.arebeinguncovered

B.havebeenuncoveringC.areuncovering

D.haveuncovered參考答案：A因為句子的主語thecausesofcancer與謂語uncover是被動關系，因此我們使用被動結構，只有A符合這一條件。10.—Helosthisjoblastweek,butheseemshappy．—Ithinkhe_____toputonabraveface．A．istrying

B．tries

C．tried

D．hastried參考答案：A11.

--NextMondayismybirthday.

--Isthatso?____

--Thankyou.A.Idon’tbelieveso.B.I’msoglad.C.Whatpresentdoyouneed?D.Manyhappyreturnsoftheday!參考答案：D12.Eliwhitey’sideaof“standardization”meantproducingthousandsofexactlythesameparts－ofcars,forexample,—whatwould

placewhereotherpartswerebroken.A.associatewith

B.appealto

C.fitinto

D.seizeon參考答案：C35._______mademanycontestantsangryis________wascalledthefairplayturnedouttobeunfairatall.

A.What;thatwhat

B.What;what

C.It;that

D.It;whatthat參考答案：a略14.---Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I’mgladwetookanumbrella.---Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe__________.A.hadn’t

B.haven't

C.didn't

D.don't參考答案：A略15.—Doyouthinktheweatherisgoodenoughforanouting?

—Yes.Youcouldn’thopefor______atthistimeofthemonth.A.anicerday

B.thenicerday

C.thenicestday

D.aniceday參考答案：A略16.Everyoneknowsthat_______isdangeroustoplaywithfire,but_______isdifficultistopreventchildrenfromplayingwithfire.A.it,it B.what,whatC.it,what D.what,it參考答案：C17.語音知識（共5小題，每小題1分，滿分5分）以A、B、C、D四個選項中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音完全相同的選項。1．radium

A．analyze

B．astronomer

C．blame

D．certainty2．defeat

A．great

B．bread

C．steal

D．deadly3．link

A．handle

B．within

C．bank

D．instruct4．challenge

A．machine

B．stomach

C．achievement

D．technology5．generation

A．bother

B．nervous

C．observe

D．prefer參考答案：略18.---Thelastone______paysthemeal.

---Agreed!

A.arrived

B.arrives

C.toarrive

D.arriving參考答案：C

解析：中心詞是thelast,theonly,thenext或受到thelast,theonly,thenext修飾時,要用不定式作定語。二、填空19.GenesThatMakeYouSmarterThecontributionsgenesmaketointelligenceincreaseaschildrengrowolder.Thisgoesagainsttheideamostpeopleholdthatasweage,environmentalinfluencesgraduallyoverpowerthegeneticlegacy(遺產)wearebornwithandmayhave____31____foreducation.“Peopleassumethegeneticinfluencegoesdownwithagebecausetheenvironmentaldifferencesbetweenpeoplepileupinlife,”saysRobertPlomin.“Whatwefoundwasquite____32____andgoesintheotherdirection.”Previousstudieshaveshownvariationsinintelligenceare____33____duetogenetics.Tofindoutwhetherthisgeneticcontributionvarieswithage,Plomin’steamgathereddatafromsixseparatestudiescarriedoutin4countries,____34____atotalof11000pairsoftwins.Theresearcherstestedtwinsonreasoning,arithmeticsetc.tomeasureaquantitycalled“G”.Eachstudyalsoincludedbothidenticaltwins,withthesamegenes,andfraternaltwin(異卵雙生)sharingabouthalftheirgenes,makingitpossibleto____35____thecontributionsofgenesandenvironmenttotheirGscores.Plomin’steamcalculatedinchildhood,genesaccountforabout4lpercentofthevariationinintelligence.Inadolescence,thisroseto55percent;byyoungadolescence,itwas66percent.Noone____36____knowswhytheinfluencefromgenesshouldincreasewithage,butPlominsuggeststhataschildrengetolder,theybecomebetterathandlingtheirenvironmenttosuittheirgeneticneeds,andsays“kidswithhighGwillusetheirenvironmenttodeveloptheircognitiveabilityandchoosefriendswhoarelike-minded,Childrenwith____37____tolowGmaychooselesschallengingpastimesandactivities,furtheremphasizingtheirgeneticlegacy.”Isthereanywaytointerferewiththepattern?Perhaps.“Theevidenceofstrongheritability(遺傳可能性)doesn’tmeanthatthereisnothingyoucandoaboutit,”saysSusanneJaeggi,“fromourownwork,theonesthatstartedoffwithlowerIQscoreshadhigher____38____training.”Plominsuggestsgeneticdifferencesmaybemoreemphasizedifallchildrenshareanidenticalcurriculuminsteadofitbeing____39____tochildren’snaturalabilities.“Mytendencywouldbetogiveeveryoneagoodeducation,butputmoreeffortintothelowerend,”hesays.IntelligenceresearchersPaulThompsonagrees:“Itshowsthateducatorsneedto____40____adstowardsthingsdrawingouttheirnaturaltalents.參考答案：31.K

32.H

33.G

34.A

35.B

36.I

37.E

38.F

39.D

40.J本文屬于科普文，介紹研究發現，年齡越大，基因對我們的影響就越大，這是與之前的觀點相違背的。【31題詳解】考查名詞。句意：這跟大多數的觀點相違背，他們認為年齡增長，環境的影響會逐漸超過我們基因的影響，這可能對教育有啟發意義。分析文章可知，本句講述新的發現觀點以及對教育的意義，故選K。【32題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我們的發現讓人非常驚訝，朝著另一個方向前進的。根據文章可知，新的發現與人們固有的認知是相違背的，故選H。【33題詳解】考查副詞。句意：之前的研究發現，智力的不同部分原因是由于基因。修飾dueto用副詞，故用partly，故選G。【34題詳解】考查介詞。句意：Plomin的團隊收集了來自四個國家六份單獨的研究數據，其中包括1100對雙胞胎。分析句子可知，本句講述結論的數據來源，故選A。【35題詳解】考查動詞。句意：每份研究包括同卵雙生雙胞胎，具有相同的基因，以及異卵雙生的雙胞胎，他們只有一半的基因相同，這樣讓區分基因和環境對G分數的影響成為可能。本句主要描述包含真正的雙胞胎以及異卵雙生的雙胞胎的目的在區分不同因素對G的影響，故選B。【36題詳解】考查副詞。句意：沒人確切知道為什么基因會隨著年齡的增長而影響加大。修飾動詞用副詞，結合語境，故用definitely，故選I。【37題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：G分數中等或者低的孩子可能選擇挑戰性更小的消遣和活動，進一步強調基因的作用。本句描述G中等和分數低的孩子的表現,故選E。【38題詳解】考查名詞。句意：從我們的研究來說，開始IQ分數不高的人接受了更高的成果訓練。修飾training用名詞作定語，故選F。【39題詳解】考查動詞。句意：基因的影響可能會更加明確，如果孩子們接受的都是同樣的課程，而不是根據他們的天性安排課程。根據本句identicalcurriculuminsteadof可知，很多孩子接受的專門定制的教育，故選D。【40題詳解】考查動詞。句意：這顯示了教育者需要把廣告投入到可以發揮他們天賦的東西上面。本句描述要調整自己的內容和重點，故選J。

20.sofar

inexchangefor

starvetodeath

getawayfromputup

putdown

concentrateon

makeit,losecontactwith

getover,

getdownto

beboundto1.Itwasn'tsurprisingtomethathewaspleasedtotakeseveraldaysoff,becausehereallyneededto

thetiringanddemandingjobforashortwhile.2.

,morethantwentystudentshavehadaninterviewforworkingasajournalistattheschoolradiostation.3.Manycompanies

the“nosmoking”signsattheentranceoftheirofficebuildingsoverthepastfewyears.4.WearefortunatetoliveinmodernChinawhichprovidesitspeoplewithrichfoods,forthereweremanycitizenswhowere

inthepast.5.Arecentlyconductedsurveysuggeststhatonlysixpercentofthepetownerswouldgiveuptheirbelovedpets

onemilliondollars.6.Afterseveralattempts,theChinesemountaineeringteamfinally___________toMountQomolangmafromthenorthfaceforthefirsttimein1960.

7.Fortunately,wefinally_____________alldifficultiesandcompletedtheprojectontime.8.Theplane_______________thecontroltowershortlyafterittookoffbutfortunatelyitsuccessfullylandedlater.9.Whenyou_________________onetask,youcangetitdonefasterandbetter.10.Youaresowellpreparedthatyou________________passthejobinterview.參考答案：1.getawayfrom

2.Sofar

3.haveputup

4.werestarved/starvingtodeath

5.inexchangefor

6.madeit

7.gotover

8.lostcontactwith

9.concentrateon

10.are/willbeboundto三、閱讀理解21.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A,B,C和D）中，選出最佳選項。ThePealeswereafamousfamilyofAmericanartists.CharlesWillsonPealeisbestrememberedforhisportraitsofleadingfiguresoftheAmericanRevolution.HepaintedportraitsofFranklinandJeffersonandoveradozenofGeorgeWashington.Hislife-sizeportraitofhissonsRaphaelleandTitianwassorealisticthatGeorgeWashingtonreportedlyoncetippedhishattothefiguresinthepicture.

CharlesWillsonPealegaveuppaintinginhismiddleageanddevotedhislifetothePealemuseum,whichhefoundedinPhiladelphia.Theworld’sfirstpopularmuseumofartandnaturalsciencemainlycoveredpaintingsbyPealeandhisfamilyaswellasdisplaysofanimalsintheirnaturalsettings.Pealefoundtheanimalshimselfandfoundamethodtomaketheexhibitsmorelifelike.Themuseum’smostpopulardisplaywastheskeleton(骷髏)ofahuge,extinctelephant,whichPealeunearthedonaNewYorkfarmin1801.

ThreeofPeale’sseventeenchildrenwerealsofamousartists.RaphaellePealeoftenpaintedstilllivesofflowers,fruit,andcheese.HisbrotherRembrandtstudiedunderhisfatherandpaintedportraitsofmanynotedpeople,includingoneofGeorgeWashington.Anotherbrother,RubensPeale,paintedmostlylandscapesandportraits.

JamesPeale,thebrotherofCharlesWillsonPeale,specializedinminiatures(小畫像).HisdaughterSarahMiriamPealewasprobablythefirstprofessionalfemaleportraitpainterinAmerica.56.TheauthormentionsinParagraph1thatWashingtontippedhishattothefiguresinthepaintingtoshowthat________.A.CharlesWillsonPeale’spaintingwasverylifelikeB.WashingtonrespectedCharlesWillsonPeale’sworkC.WashingtonwasfriendlywithRaphaelleandTitianPealeD.thepaintingofthetwobrotherswasverylarge57.Theunderlinedword“unearthed”isclosestinmeaningto“______”.A.showed

B.dugup

C.invented

D.lookedover58.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthechildofCharlesWillsonPeale?A.TitianPeale.

B.RubensPeale.

C.RaphaellePeale.

D.SarahMiriamPeale.59.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthePealesisingeneral_______.A.puzzled

B.excited

C.admiring

D.disappointed參考答案：ABDC22.Itiseasyforustotellourfriendsfromourenemies.Butcanotheranimalsdothesame?Elephantscan!Theycanusetheirsenseofvisionandsmelltotellthedifferencebetweenpeoplewhoposeathreatandthosewhodonot.InKenya,researchershavefoundthatelephantsreactdifferentlytoclothingwornbymenoftheMaasaiandKambaethnicgroups.YoungMaasaimenspearanimalsandthusposeathreattoelephants;Kambamenaremainlyfarmersandarenotadangertoelephants.Inanexperimentconductedbyanimalscientists,elephantswerefirstpresentedwithcleanclothingorclothingthathadbeenwornforfivedaysbyeitheraMaasaioraKambaman.WhentheelephantsdetectedthesmellofclothingwornbyaMaasaiman,theymovedawayfromthesmellfasterandtooklongertorelaxthanwhentheydetectedthesmellsofeitherclothingwornbyKambamenorclothingthathadnotbeenwornatall.Garmentcolor1alsoplaysarole,thoughinadifferentway.Inthesamestudy,whentheelephantssawredclothingnotwornbefore,theyreactedangrily,asredistypicallywornbyMaasaimen.Ratherthanrunningawayastheydidwiththesmell,theelephantsactedaggressivelytowardtheredclothing.Theresearchersbelievethattheelephants’emotionalreactionsareduetotheirdifferentinterpretations