山西省呂梁市英雄街中學2023年高二英語測試題含解析一、選擇題1.Theboywassowornoutthathefellasleep_______hismothercouldtakeoffhisclothes.A.before

B.after

C.while

D.when參考答案：A2.Afterwalkingfortenminutes,shesuddenlyrealizedthatshe________inthewrongdirection.A.haswalked

B.waswalking

C.hadbeenwalking D.hasbeenwalking參考答案：C3.Doyouknowitwas______hefellillthathedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday?

A.because

B.as

C.since

D.nowthat參考答案：A4.TheSouthernStateswantedto______fromtheUnion,sotheAmericanCivilWar______.A.getawaywith;brokeup

B.getawayfrom;brokeintoC.breakawayfrom;brokeout

D.breakawayfrom;wasbrokenout參考答案：C5.Thepopularityofgovernmentpostshasdroppedinrecentyears,thoughthecivilservicejobsarestillfavoredbytheChineseastheyoffera_______stablecareer.A.ly B.regularlyC.roughly D.rigidly參考答案：A【詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：近年來，政府職位的受歡迎程度有所下降，但公務員的職位仍然受到中國人的青睞，因為它們提供了相對穩定的職業。A.ly相對地；B.regularly規則地；C.roughly粗略地；D.rigidly僵直地。由“thecivilservicejobsarestillfavoredbytheChinese”可知，公務員職位仍然受到中國人的青睞，因為與其它工作相比，它們提供了相對穩定的職業。故A選項正確。6.I

earlierbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.A.wouldhavecome

B.hadcome

C.wascoming

D.wouldcome參考答案：A7.Theringingofthebell______theendoftheclasssuddenly______theirheateddiscussion.A.meant,interrupted

B.meant,interruptingC.meaning,interrupting

D.meaning,interrupted參考答案：D【詳解】考查句子分析、非謂語動詞和時態。句意：意味著課結束的鈴聲突然打斷了他們熱烈的討論。第一空Theringingofthebell與mean之間為主動關系，故用現在分詞作定語；第二空為句子謂語動詞，根據句意可知用一般過去時。故選D。【點睛】本題既考查謂語動詞，也考查非謂語動詞。首先分析句子可知，句中缺少謂語動詞，且第二空應為句子的謂語動詞。再確定第一空考查的為非謂語動詞，然后判斷作什么成分，再分析和修飾詞之間的邏輯關系，最后選擇用什么樣的非謂語動詞形式。8.Thedoctorrecommendedthatyou_____swimaftereatingalargemeal.A.wouldn’t

B.couldn’tC.needn’t

D.shouldn’t參考答案：D9.______Iseetheoldpicture,Ithinkofthosegoodfriendsduringmycollegelife.

A.Everytime

B.Allthetime

C.Thetimewhen

D.Duringthetime參考答案：A10.Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,____wastrue.

A.he

B.this

C.which

D.who參考答案：C11.Heisonlytooreadytohelpothers,seldom,________,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.A.ifnever

B.ifnot

C.ifever

D.ifany參考答案：C12.Whendiscoveredbytheoldman,thethiefwent________himwithaknifeimmediately.A．over

B．forC．to

D．on參考答案：答案：Bgoforsb.“向某人進攻”，符合題意。13.Dad,IwasjustwonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilI_______nextweek.A.gotpaid B.havepaid C.getpaid D.hadbeenpaid參考答案：C14.Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey__________veryeasilytonewenvironments.

A.adapt

B.appeal

C.attach

D.apply參考答案：A15.Imeant________you,butIwassobusy.Atocallon

Bcallingon

Ctocallat

Dcallingat參考答案：Ameantodo,but…“本打算…但是…”，callon+sb;而callat+someplace。16.Edward,youplaysowell.ButI youplayedthepiano. A.didn’tknow B.hadn’tknownC.don’tknow D.haven’tknown參考答案：A略二、完型填空17.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21-40各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中，選出最佳選項。ks5uWHENJohnGurdonwas15,herankedlastoutofthe250boysinhisgradeatbiology.Healsocameinlastforeveryothersciencesubject.Histeacherwroteina

21

:“Ibelievehehasideasaboutbecominga

22

;onhispresentshowingthisisquitefoolish.”Luckily,theteacher’swordsdidn’t

23

Gurdon’sloveforscience.Hekeptworkinghard.Hewenttolabearlierandleft

24

thananyoneelse.OnOct8,2012,64yearslater,theBritishprofessor

25

theNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicine.JapanesescientistShinyaYamanakahadcontributedtotheresearchandtherefore

26

theaward.Gurdongotthehonor

27

hisresearchintocellsandcloning.WhenhewasstudyingatOxford,hedidsome

28

oncells.Hetookacellfromanadultfrog,movedits

29

,andputthemintoaneggcell.Theeggcellthen

30

intoacloneoftheadultfrog.Hisresearch

31

forthefirsttimethateverycellinthebodycontainsthesamegenes.Atthattime,manypeople

32

acceptGurdon’sidea.Butlaterithelpedto

33

Dollythesheepin1996,thefirstclonedmammalinhistory.Italsoledtoimportantfindingsinthe34

useofcells.Forexample,

35

fromsomeone’sskincanturnintoanytypeoftissueinthebody.Thisisgoodnewsforthose

36

whohavediseasedordamagedtissue.Gurdonalwaysremembersthe

37

hehadwhenhewas15.Heevenputthereportonhisdeskasadaily

38

tohimself.“Whenyouhave

39

,likeanexperimentdoesn’twork,it’snicetoremindyourselfthatperhapsyouarenotsogoodatyourjobandtheteachermaybe

40

,”hesaid.However,thefactssuggestGurdonisprettygoodindeed.

21.A.reportB.letterC.passageD.program22.A.musicianB.scientistC.managerD.millionaire23.A.stopB.meanC.inspireD.reflect24.A.soonerB.laterC.morehurriedlyD.morehappily25.A.wonB.foundedC.dreamedofD.appliedfor26.A.acceptedB.refusedC.collectedD.shared27.A.insteadofB.inspiteofC.becauseofD.inplaceof28.A.readingB.writingC.changeD.research29.A.babyB.powerC.genesD.features30.A.cutB.grewC.wentD.formed31.A.predictedB.studiedC.provedD.provided32.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t33.A.saveB.driveC.feedD.create34.A.everydayB.medicalC.physicalD.illegal35.A.cellsB.hairsC.waterD.blood36.A.foolsB.scientistsC.patientsD.doctors37.A.friendB.teacherC.classmateD.neighbor38.A.ruleB.paperC.reminderD.reward39.A.prizesB.diseasesC.mealsD.problems40.A.rightB.wrongC.happyD.welcome參考答案：16~20ABABA

21~25DCDCB

26~30CADBA

31~35CBCDA三、閱讀理解18.Artificialintelligencekeepsdefeatinghuman,itismakingcountlessvictoriesagainsthumanindifferentfieldsoflifeandtryingtopushhumantothecorner.Google’sDeepMindhasdefeatedtheworld’snumberoneplayerKeJie.Humanbrainsomehowhasbeenreplacedbyamachineandscientistsareworkingveryhardondevelopingahumanbrainbyimplantingachipandconnectingittothetickneuronthatconnectsthetwohemispheresofthebrain.Well,whodoesn’twanttogethisbrainupgradedtobeassmartasthebrainofAlbertEinsteinorCharlesDarwin?Humanswillprobablyonedayinventabrainthatcanbeimplantedinthehumanskullandreprogramallthehumanthoughts,butthisinventiondoesn’tseemtobehappeningintheforeseeablefuturesincehumanbraintookmillionsofyearstoevolve.Somescientistsbelievethathumanwilldefeatdeathinthenexttwentyhundredyearsbuttheycan’treallypredicthowlongit’sgoingtotaketodevelopahumanbrainthatcancompletelyreplacethenaturalbrain.Despiteofthisaccomplishmentinthefieldofartificialintelligence,itcouldn’tcreasepeoplefrombelievingthatsciencecan’tstandalone.Forinstance,AIcanimitatehumanbrainandmostofthetimeoutperformsit,buttherearestillalotofhiddensecrets.AIoutsmartedKeJiebutKeJiehasconsciousnessunliketheAI,KeJiefeltsadwhenhewasdefeatedandburiedhisfaceinhishandsbuttheAIdidn’tfeelhappyandcelebratehisvictory.Thecomputerof1960isthesameasthecomputer2017intermsofconsciousness,thereisnosingssofartellingusthatthereisanalgorithm(運算)thatcanmakeaconsciouscomputeranddecipher(譯解)itsfeelings.Wecanpredictwhatthefuturewilllooklikeaccordingtothepast,especiallyfromscientificpointofviewbutthedevelopmentofhumanbrainseemsunpredictableandunknown.12.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“neuron”inPara.2?A.thetubethroughwhichbloodflowsinyourbrainB.thekindofcellthatcarriesinformationC.thesoftfattysubstanceinthehollowcenterofbonesD.thebonypartofone’sheadwhichencloseshis/herbrain13.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.IttookmillionsofyearsforhumanbraintoevolveB.HumanswishtogettheirbrainsupgradedtobeassmartaspossibleC.Humanswillprobablyinventabrainthatcanreprogramallthehumanthoughts.D.Itishardtodevelopahumanbrainthatcancompletelyreplacethenaturalbrain14.“KeJiefeltsadwhenhewasdefeated”ismentionedinPara.4to__________.A.showthattheAIhasnohumanemotionsB.explainthatAphaGoisvirtuallyunbeatableintheboardgameC.tellustheaccomplishmentinthefieldofartificialintelligenceD.analyzeKeJie’spsychologicalcharacteristicswhenplayingthegame15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WorldTopGoPlayerKeJieChallengesAlphaGoB.AlphaGoTeachesTouseAITobenefitHumansC.GoogleAIDefeatsHumanGoChampion!D.AICanImitateHumanBrainAndMostOftheTimeOutperformsIt參考答案：12.B

13.D

14.C

15.A本文講述了人工智能現在正在各個領域擊敗人類，但這并不能說明人工智能可以取代大腦。盡管在人工智能領域取得了成就，但它不能使人們相信科學能獨立存在，而且從科學的角度來看，人腦的發展似乎是不可預測和未知的，并通過谷歌的DeepMind擊敗了世界頭號選手KeJie卻沒有情緒和表示說明了人工智能并不能完全取代大腦。12.詞義猜測題。由第二段中的“developingahumanbrainbyimplantingachipandconnectingittothethickneuronthatconnectsthetwohemispheresofthebrain.”可知，科學家們正努力嘗試著通過植入一塊芯片并將其連接到連接大腦兩個半球的__________上來開發人腦，連接兩個半球的是指某種可以傳遞信息來刺激大腦做出反應的物質，可推理判斷出neuron指的是某種可以攜帶信息的神經元，故選B。13.細節理解題。由第三段可知，有一天人類可能發明一種可以植入人類骨頭和改變人類思想的大腦，但他的發明不可能發生在可預見的未來，因為人類是經過幾百萬年的進化演變而來的，故可知第三段主要談論的是開發一個可以完全取代自然大腦的人腦是困難的，故選D。14.推理判斷題。由第四段中的“KeJiefeltsadwhenhewasdefeatedandburiedhisfaceinhishandsbuttheAIdidn’tfeelhappyandcelebratehisvictory.”可知，當KeJie被擊敗，雙手捂著臉感到悲傷時，AI沒有感到高興，也沒有慶祝他的勝利，由此可推斷出AI沒有人類的情感，故選A。15.主旨大意題。本文主要圍繞著谷歌的DeepMind擊敗了世界頭號選手KeJie的主題，探討了人工智能與大腦之間是否可以相互取代的話題，故可知本文的最好標題是GoogleAIDefeatsHumanGoChampion，谷歌的AI戰勝人類取得勝利。故選C。19.Atfirst,muffled(聽不太清的)conversationsmaderesearchersataSanDiegoaquariumpuzzled,butwhenadiverthoughthewasbeingtoldtoget“out”ofthewatertheyrealizedtheconversationswerecomingfromawhitewhale.NocwasaboutoneyearoldwhenhewascaughtoffthePacificcoastofCanada.Hewaskeptinanopen-oceanpen(圍欄)attheUSNationalMarineMammalFoundationinSanDiego,California.AftersevenyearsattheFoundation,hebegan,automatically,tomakeunusualsounds,areportinthelatestissueofthejournal,CurrentBiology,said.“Wethoughtofthewhale’svocalizations(發出的聲音)asanattempttoimitatehumans.Whalevocalizationsoftensoundedasiftwopeopleweretalkingjustoutoftherangeofourunderstanding,”theauthorssaid.“‘Theseconversations’wereheardseveraltimesbeforewefinallyrealizedthewhalewasthesource.”TheresearchersrealizeditwasNocwhenadiversurfacedandasked,“Whotoldmetogetout?”Itwasthenthattheyrealizedtheword“out”,whichwasrepeatedseveraltimes,hadcomefromNoc.Later,hisspeech-likesoundswererecordedintheairandunderwater.Nocstartedmakingthesoundsaftersevenyearsintheopen-oceanpen,andcontinuedmakingthemforanotherfouryears.Hediedfiveyearsago.Researchershavenowanalyzedthesoundrecordings.Itwasthefirsttimethatsoundrecordingshadshownhowsuchsoundsimitatedspeechandweredifferentfromtheusualcallsofthespecies.Thespeech-likesoundswerelowerthannormalwhalesoundsandmuchclosertothoseofthehumanvoice.Also,whalestalktoeachotherbyblowingairthroughtheirnoses,ratherthanusingalarynx(喉),aspeopledo.“Wedon’tclaimthatourwhalewasagoodimitatorcomparedtosuchwell-knownimitatorsasparrots,”theresearcherssaid.“However,thebehaviorweobservedisanexampleofvocallearningbythewhitewhale.ItseemsthatNoc’scloseassociationwithhumansplayedaroleinhowoftenandhowwellheemployedhishumanvoice.”28.WhatcanwelearnaboutNocfromthetext?A.HehadlivedinthePacificOceanbeforehewascaught.B.HewaskeptinaCanadianfoundationuntilhedied.C.Whenhewasseven,hestartedmakingspeech-likesounds.D.Hewasabletoimitatehumansbeforehewascaught.29.Noc’ssoundwasconsideredunusualbecauseitwas________.A.madebyusingalarynxB.verysimilartothehumansoundC.differentintheairandunderwaterD.higherthanthenormalwhalesound30.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Adiverrealizedtheword“out”,whichhehadhear