Grammarandusage定語從句

成分所指關系詞主語指人指物賓語指人指物定語指人指物that/whothat/which(that/who/whom)(that/which)whose/ofwhomwhose/ofwhich

A“ModelWorker(勞動模范)"shouldbehard-workingandbrave.Heshouldalsobeaperson________isabletostandhardship.XiaoShenyangisjustapersonmakingpeoplelaugh.Heshouldnotbeconsidereda"ModelWorker."who/thatDoyouthinkXiaoShengyangshouldbeconsidereda“ModelWorker”?ThePeople‘sRepublicofChina(中華人民共和國),_____wasfoundedin1949,celebratesthe60thanniversaryofitsfoundingonOctober1st,2009.

whichInreallife,Beyoncéhasbeenworkinghardtoproveherself.AfterahugesuccesswiththegirlgroupDestiny'sChild,shehadherfirstalbumDangerouslyInLove_______earnedherfiveGrammyAwardsin2004.thatThemostimportantthing____weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing____Ihavesaid.2.Thisistheverydictionary_____Iamlookingfor.3.Thereisnothing______canpreventhimfromdoingthat.4.Those______breaktherulewillbepunished.thatthatthatFillintheblankswiththeproperrelativewordsthatwho5.Don’tgettooclosetothehouse_______roof(屋頂)isunderrepair.6.Iamlookingforaboxin_____Icanputallmythings.7.Heisthe(only)oneofthestudentswho______passedtheexam.8.Idon’tliketheway____________youtalktoyourmother.whose(that/inwhich)haswhichtheone(that/which)which9.Thesongis_________________Ilikebest.10.Doyoulikethesong__________welistenedtobeforeclass?(that/which)11.Doyoulikethesongto______welistenedbefore

class?Themantowho/whomyouspokeisourheadmaster.Thecityinthat/whichshelivesisfaraway.Arethesetwosentencesright?注意:介詞+which（指物),不可省介詞+whom（指人),不可省介詞后不用who、thattoinThecitywhichshelives_____isfaraway.Themanwhomyouspoke_____isourheadmaster.A.Thefarm____whichweworkedtenyearsagoisbeautiful.B.Thisisthetree______whichweusedtoplaygames.onunderpreposition+which（指物）

preposition+whom(指人）Howtochoosetherightprepositions

1.介詞的確定方法Themoney_______whichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone.Hewillneverforgettheday____whichhefailedintheexam.①根據先行詞來確定onwithWethoughtyouwereaperson_______whomwecouldexpectgooddecisions.TheWestLake,____whichHangzhouisfamous,isabeautifulplace.②根據定語從句中的謂語動詞或形容詞確定forfromAir,________whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.③根據定語從句所表達的意義來確定withoutThepen_____whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.with2.介詞的位置①一般情況下，介詞一般放在關系代詞which和whom之前，也可放在動詞后。Thisistheman________________Ilearnedthenewsfrom.Thisistheman____________Ilearnedthenews.fromwhom(who/whom/that)Thisistheroom____________welivedinlastyear.

(that/which)inwhichThisistheroom_________welivedlastyear.Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.

在固定短語中介詞不能提前下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?②固定搭配的動詞短語中的介詞一般不能提前.常見的這類動詞短語有:lookfor/after/forwardto,carefor(照顧，喜歡）hearof/about/from,takecareof等.ThisistherightplaceI’mlookingfor.Thegirlwhomheislookingafterishissister.

1.

Doyoulikethebook________shespent$10?2.

Doyoulikethebook________shepaid$10?3.

Doyoulikethebook________shelearnedalot?4.

Doyoulikethebook_________sheoftentalks?onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhich介詞+關系代詞的使用Practice5.Theman_________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwriting.6.Glasses,___________Ican’tseeclearly,arereallyimportantforme.7.Chinaisabeautifulcountry,_______weareproud.8.Doyouremembertheday_______youjoinedourclub?towhomwithoutwhichofwhichonwhichThisistheteacherwhosedaughterisafamousdoctor.=Thisistheteacher_________________isafamousdoctor.1.名詞+介詞+關系代詞常見結構拓展thedaughterofwhomRecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase（花瓶）,_______wasveryreasonable（合理的）.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhoseWehavethreeforeignteachers,___________arefromCanada.(其中的兩個）2.數詞+介詞+關系代詞(含基數詞，序數詞，分數和百分數）

twoofwhomThefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat3.代詞+介詞+關系代詞（代詞有all,both,none,neither,either,some,any等）

Theoldwomanhastwosons,__________areteachers.（兩個都是）bothofwhomLastweek,twopersonscametoseethehouse,___________wantedtobuyit.A.bothoftheyB.neitherofwhomC.bothofthemD.allofwhom4.形容詞最高級+介詞+關系代詞Chinahasthousandsofislands,_______________isTaiwanIsland.（其中最大的）thelargestofwhich

Therearetwobuildings,________standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich5.介詞+關系代詞+名詞Hespentfouryearsincollege,_____________hestudiedmedicine.（在那段時間內）duringwhichtimeIntheoffice,Ineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,_______timemanypeoplehavegonehome.A.whoseB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhichWhendidyoucomehere?Whendidyoucomehere?Whendidyoucomehere?Whendidyoucomehere?WecamehereonOct.12,2005.Itwastheday_____________weweresentintothespace.when(onwhich)Wheredoyouworkandlive??Wheredoyouworkandlive??Wheredoyouworkandlive??Wheredoyouworkandlive??hispacecapsuleWeworkandliveinaspacecapsule(太空艙).Itisaplace______________anastronautworksandlives.where(inwhich)

Whatareyoudoingnow?I’mhavingmybloodpressure(血壓)taken.I’mtakingpictures.Canyoutellmethereason______________youaretakingpictures?why/forwhichWecelebratethe60thanniversary(周年紀念日)ofthefoundingofthePRConOctober1st,2009.Iwillneverforgettheday______________wecelebratethe60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePRC.when/onwhichHongKongreturnedtoChina

onJuly1st,1997.Theday________________HongKongreturnedtoChinawillneverbeforgotten.when(onwhich)Ioftengoshopping

inTimesSupermarket.Timessupermarketistheplace________________Ioftengoshopping.where(inwhich)Canyoutellmethereason____________youaresolate?why/forwhichWhethertousearelativepronounorarelativeadverb?要確定使用關系代詞還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞:(1)及物動詞后面無賓語,用關系代詞.常見的及物動詞有visit,spend,expect,explain,etc,；(2)不及物動詞后無介詞時,用關系副詞.常見的不及物動詞有work,live,come,go,etc.

Thisisthefactory_____________Iworkedbefore.Thisisthefactory__________Ivisitedbefore.Thisisthefactory__________Iworkedin.Thisisthefactoryin__________Iworked.where/inwhich(which/that)(which/that)whichIwillneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.Iwillneverforgetthedays_________wespenttogether.Iwillneverforgetthedaysduring______weworkedtogether.when/duringwhich(that/which)whichThisisthereason____________Iwaslate.Thereason__________hegaveuswasreasonable(合理的).why/forwhich(that/which)所指先行詞引導詞時間thetime/day/week/moment/period/occasionwhen=at/in/on/duringwhich地點theplace/room/situation/case/point/activitywhere=in/at/onwhich原因thereasonwhy=forwhichCompletethefollowingsentencesusingwhich/that,why,where,whenorpreposition+which(whom).1.Hangzhouistheplace______________Iwentlastsummer.2.Hereadthebook__________hissisterhadtoldhimabout.3.Thereason_____________Peterissohappyisthathepassedtheexam.where/towhichwhich/thatwhy/forwhich4.Iremembertheday_____________myfatherdied.Iwasonlytenyearsoldatthattime.5.Pleasegivemethereason____________youwerelatethistime.6.Iwillgobacktotheplace______________Igrewupandlivethereforever.when/onwhichwhy/forwhichwhere/in/atwhichChinaisabeautifulcountry,_________weareproud.Doyouremembertheday_________youjoinedourclub?Thisisthehouse___________Ilived

twoyearsago.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_________shecouldturnforhelp.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_________shecouldaskforhelp.ofonwhichinwhichtowhomfromwhom

whichIII.Fillintheblankswith“preposition+which/whom”:6.Inhisroom,wesawabigtable_________therewere3magazines.7.Glasses,________________Ican’tseeclearly,arereallyimportantforme.8.Thisistheman__________Ilearnedthenews.9.Thepen__________Iwriteeverydayisbroken.10.Theman______________Iboughtthepictureisover80.11.Canyougivemesomepaper_________Icanwriteanote?onwithoutwhichfromwhomwithwhichfor/fromwhomonwhichwhich12.Ithinktheway___________someofyoulearnEnglishisnotcorrect.13.Familyfightsarethethings______________Ifeelupset.14.Doyouknowthewoman____________ourteacheristalking?15.Thisisthedesk_________LuXunusedtosit

studying.inwhichaboutwhichwith/aboutwhomatwhichExercisesforattributiveclausetranslation1.Thisisthesoldierwhojustreturnedfromthefront.這是剛從前線回來的戰士。2.Thosewhosacrificethemselvesforthepeople’scausearetherealheroesofhistory.為人民事業犧牲自己的人是歷史上真正的英雄。3.He’llshowhertheplacewheretheycouldmakeherlookaproperdame---fornexttonothing.他可以把她帶到那個地方去，在那里他們會把她打扮成一個漂亮的少女，而且花不了幾個錢。4.Hemadethesoundofsympathywhichcomessoreadilyfromthosewhohaveanindependentincome.他發出了同情之聲，這種同情之聲是那些有獨立收入的人最容易脫口而出的。5.Occasionallytherewouldbethedayswhenmydepressionwoulddissipatetemporarily.偶爾也會有這樣的日子，我的沮喪之情會暫時消散。6.Hewasthewriterwhowasmovingintooperationalactivities.他是位作家，正在從事實際活動。7.Thisisthepapermillthattheysetupin1978.這個造紙廠是他們在1978年建造的。8.Therehasneverbeenamanaroundmewhowrotesomanymemos.在我周圍的人中從沒有一個象他那樣寫過那么多的備忘錄。9.Hedidnotrememberhisfatherwhodiedwhenhewasthreeyearsold.他三歲時父親就去世了，所以記不起他父親了。10.Helivedhislifeapartfromtheworkersonwhoseskillhedepended.

雖然他依賴于工人們的熟練工作，但他卻不跟他們一起生活。11.Hewishestowriteanarticlethatwillattractpublicattentiontothematter.

他想寫一篇文章，以便能引起公眾對這件事的注意。12.Thosewhoareinfavorpleaseholduptheirhands.

如果贊成，就請舉手。Testyourself1.Americanwomenusuallyidentify(表明）theirbestfriendassomeone____theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom2.TheEnglishplay____mystudentsactedattheNewYear’sPartywasagreatsuccess.A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich9★★3.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,____manypeoplehavegonehome.A.whoseB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhichtime4.Tellmeyourreason____youareagainstmyprogram.A.whichB.forthatC.whatD.why5.Iwillgivethegifttothestudent____Ithinkishonestinourclass.A.whomB.whichC.thatD.who★★★6.Sheistheoneofthegirlswho____passedtheexamination.A.wasB.wereC.hasD.have7.Itisthethirdtime____latethismonth.A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrivedC.thatyou’vearrivedD.whenyou’vearrived★★8.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailor9months,_______thesailingtimewas226days.A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich9.Thereare62studentsinourclass,____26aregirls.A.morethanB.inwhichC.lessthanD.ofwhom10.Nextmonth,____you’llspendinyourhometown,iscoming.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.that11.Waterboilsat100℃,____temperatureitchangestogas.A.onwhichB.atwhichC.whichD.whenDBB12.Doyouknowthestreet____Mr.Wangoncelived?A.onwhichB.thatC.whichD.inthat13.Thereason____hegotabadcoldisthathewascaughtinaheavyrain.A.whyB.whenC.whichD.inwhich14.Ireceived____niceagift_____myboyfriendpromised.A.thesame,asB.such,asC.as,asD.thesame,thatAAC15.Heistheonlyoneofthestudents____wanttofollowtheteacher’sadvice.A.thatdon’tB.thatdoC.whodoesn’tD.whodon’t16.Itisanisland___nameI’veforgotten.Itisanisland_____thenameI’ve…A.whoseB.ofwhichC.whichD.whom17.Icanstillrememberthesittingroom____mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.whatB.whereC.whichD.thatCABB18.I’llneverforgetthedays____IspentmyholidayinGuangzhou.I’llneverforgetthedays____IspentwithyouinGuangzhou.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.forwhich19.Therewasatime____therewereslavesintheUSA.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when20.Wordcameofhissuccessabroad,_____filledtheparents’heartwithpride.A.thatB.whomC.whoD.whichBADD21.---Howdoyoulikethebook?---It’squitedifferentfrom___Ireadlastmonth.A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat22.Iwillhiretheman____theysayisagoodEnglishspeake